CN105103927B - The furrow implantation methods of southern granite red dry cropland sand prevention and control - Google Patents
The furrow implantation methods of southern granite red dry cropland sand prevention and control Download PDFInfo
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- CN105103927B CN105103927B CN201510632252.0A CN201510632252A CN105103927B CN 105103927 B CN105103927 B CN 105103927B CN 201510632252 A CN201510632252 A CN 201510632252A CN 105103927 B CN105103927 B CN 105103927B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The furrow implantation methods of southern granite red dry cropland sand prevention and control, comprise the following steps：（1）In the low hummock hilly area of granite red, furrow is selected to plant soil；（2）Mountain top convex slope dry cropland implements " heavy metal pollution of soil " sand control, moves clay to upward slope location pressure sand, builds up plantation ridge；Ridge, ditch distribute alternately；Vesicle kind crop on ridge, the interior kind paspalum notatum of ditch；（3）Granite red soil dry cropland implements " contour strip intercropping ", the high band plantations such as crop, herbage are in, and is spaced " subsoiling method " intertillage；（4）Foot of the hill gentle slope dry cropland implements " the alternate plantation of furrow ", and contour ridging, ridge, ditch are alternate, all plant crop；（5）Contour build herbage band to woods fruit；Make crops between young garden；（6）Stepped ramp type slope dry cropland repaiies horizontal ladder soil, and the low bank of earth between fields is built in ladder outside, on the ridge and terraced wall kind " Bermuda grass "；" ring ditch " is dug in terraced inner side, tread kind crops, medicinal material.The present invention can improve soil and protect water-holding capacity, and the effect that conserves water and soil is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of furrow implantation methods of southern granite red dry cropland sand prevention and control.
Background technology
Granite red is largely distributed in low mountains and hills hillock area, relative altitude 100m or so, is Subtropical Red Soil
One of the In The Soils in area.
Granite red matrix is mainly made up of feldspar, quartz, mica, under the conditions of the hot-humid climate of subtropical zone, quartzy wind
Sand grains is melted into, feldspar resolves into kaolin, forms deep loose weathering crust, this weathering crust soil texture is light, and its sand grains contains
Measure more than 40%, thus, water penetration is big, and corrosion stability is small, severe water and soil erosion.
Due to the double action of severe water and soil erosion, i.e. rainwash and interflow, the small clay of topsoil particle, powder
Descending location is taken to by flowing water, or even flows into valley floor, make uphill segment table soil layer sand grains ratio it is increasing, some sand grain contents
Up to 80%-90%, soil have desertified；According to surveying and determination, the granite red dry cropland that oneself desertifies, July, August temperature are up to 30 DEG C
More than, evaporation capacity is big, humidity is small, domatic 65-70 DEG C of temperature, and the temperature of deep 5 centimeters of table soil is also up to 50 DEG C, and basic lose is planted
Thing growth conditions.
At present, southern granite red dry cropland desertifies serious, either which kind of granite red dry cropland, due to being to pass
System up and down slope cultivation, soil erosion are all serious；Not Shaolin (fruit) although built horizontal ladder soil, farming is frequent, plus many
Soil erosion management is not in place, and the mistake of water intellectual is still serious, and annual flow is deep in 500mm or so, and year, soil erosion amount was on a 10t/h ㎡ left sides
The right side, plus the effect of interflow, soil layer clay impoverishing is more, and dry cropland desertifies serious.According to surveying and determination, with reference to table 1,1998-2009
In 20 years years, granite red dry cropland topsoil 2-0.2mm sand grains adds 7.11% (foot of the hill gentle slope dry cropland) -31.98%
(mountain top convex slope dry cropland), the clay less than 0.002mm reduce 5.98% (foot of the hill gentle slope dry cropland) -12.95% (Hua Gang
Rock red soil soil dry cropland).
The dynamic change of the southern granite red dry cropland topsoil particle composition different planting period of table 1
* hydrometer method determines.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned background technology, there is provided one kind can improve guarantor and store
Outlet capacity, the furrow implantation methods of the good southern granite red dry cropland sand prevention and control of the effect that conserves water and soil.
It is a kind of southern granite red dry cropland sand prevention and control that the present invention, which solves the technical scheme that its technical problem uses,
Furrow implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
(1) in the low hummock hilly area of granite red, select mountain top convex slope dry cropland, granite red soil dry cropland,
Foot of the hill gentle slope dry cropland, woods fruit or stepped ramp type slope dry cropland as furrow plant soil；
(2) mountain top convex slope dry cropland implements " heavy metal pollution of soil " sand control, i.e., by the clay or external of descending location argillic horizon
Clay to move upward slope location pressure to husky, build up plantation ridge, row spacing 0.3-0.5m (preferably 0.4m), high 0.1-0.3m is (preferably
0.2m)；Ridge, ditch distribute alternately, each 0.2-0.4m of ditch depth, furrow width (preferably 0.3m)；Vesicle site preparation and fertilization kind crop on ridge, in ditch
Kind paspalum notatum；
(3) granite red soil dry cropland implement " contour strip intercropping ", i.e., crop, herbage in etc. high band plantation, and
Interval is intertilled using " subsoiling method ", i.e., one band is intertilled using " subsoiling method ", and an adjacent band is not intertilled；
(4) foot of the hill gentle slope dry cropland implements " the alternate plantation of furrow ", i.e., contour ridging, ridge, ditch are alternate, all plant crop, high
Stalk crop is arranged in ditch, and short-stalked crop is arranged on ridge；
(5) woods fruit it is contour build herbage band, band band is at a distance of 0.8-1.2m (preferably 1.0m), and bandwidth 0.4-0.6m is (preferably
0.5m)；Make crops between young garden；
(6) stepped ramp type slope dry cropland repaiies horizontal ladder soil, and the low bank of earth between fields is built in ladder outside, the high 0.1-0.3m in the ridge (preferably 0.2m), on the ridge
With terraced wall kind herbage " Bermuda grass "；" ring ditch " is dug in terraced inner side, tread kind crops or/and medicinal material.
Further, in step (2), the clay is open grave mud.
Further, in step (3), crop and the herbage next year crop rotation.
Further, in step (5), the herbage is paspalum notatum and butch clover, the paspalum notatum and butch clover mixed seeding；
Before sowing, grass seed carries out pre-sowing treatment：35-45 DEG C of (preferably 40 DEG C) water seed soaking 8-14h (preferably 12h) of paspalum notatum,
Dry, 1g Soluble phosphorus bacteria powders are then reinstated with butch clover one and are watered the Soluble phosphorus bacterium powder that 450-550g (preferably 500g) is formulated
The titanium fertilizer solution mixed liquor that agent suspension, 1ml titanium solutions are watered 0.8-1.2kg (preferably 1kg) is dressed seed, the another sovolin of butch clover
The mud powder seed dressing of soil retting.
Further, in step (6), on the ridge and terraced wall also plants one kind in herbage vetiver, paspalum notatum, daghestan sweet clover
Or it is several, it is separated by 15-20cm kind a line herbages from terraced wall bottom to top, forms plant hedge.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is as follows：
Furrow implantation methods can thoroughly eradicate the bad habit of straight plowing work, have ridge to have ditch, truncate length of grade, and streaming potential subtracts
It is weak；There is ridge to have ditch, improve and protect water-holding capacity, thus, the effect that conserves water and soil is good；Southern granite red dry cropland can effectively be prevented and treated
Desertify, realize that it is efficiently utilized, Favorable Areass economic revival.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to specific embodiment.
The titanium solution that following examples seed dressing uses is by the production of Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province Tai Fei factories (trade name " safe precious ")；Soluble phosphorus
Bacteria powder is joined by Taiwan occurs thing scientific ＆ technical corporation production (thing scientific ＆ technical corporation occurs purchased from Nanjing connection).
The present embodiment comprises the following steps：
(1) in the low hummock hilly area of granite red, following 5 kinds of soils are selected to plant soil as furrow：Mountain top convex slope drought
Arable land, granite red soil dry cropland, foot of the hill gentle slope dry cropland, woods fruit, stepped ramp type slope dry cropland；5 kinds of land types are
Several main dry cropland types in southern granite red area, southern granite red area dry cropland is husky at present for base instinct reflection
The light and heavy degree of change, mountain top convex slope dry cropland category severe desertification, granite red soil dry cropland category moderate desertification, mountain
Pin gentle slope dry cropland, woods fruit, stepped ramp type slope dry cropland belong to slight desertification；
(2) mountain top convex slope dry cropland implements " heavy metal pollution of soil " sand control, i.e., by the clay or external of descending location argillic horizon
Clay to move upward slope location pressure to husky, build up plantation ridge, row spacing 0.4m, high 0.2m；Ridge, ditch distribute alternately, and ditch depth, furrow width are each
0.3m；Vesicle site preparation and fertilization kind crop on ridge, the interior kind paspalum notatum of ditch；
(3) granite red soil dry cropland implement " contour strip intercropping ", i.e., crop, herbage in etc. high band plantation, and
Interval is intertilled using " subsoiling method ", i.e., one band is intertilled using " subsoiling method ", and an adjacent band is not intertilled；Crop band intertillage, beneficial to drop
Rain and ooze, herbage band only in seedling stage shallow intertillage, does not intertill into not rippers layer later, and rainwater does not ooze down and reduces clay flowing；
(4) foot of the hill gentle slope dry cropland implements " the alternate plantation of furrow ", i.e., contour ridging, ridge, ditch are alternate, all plant crop, high
Stalk crop is arranged in ditch, and short-stalked crop is arranged on ridge；The purpose of " the alternate plantation of furrow " is to change along the plain of slope plantation
Practise, it there are 2 clear advantages, first, ridging ditching, beneficial to cut-out runoff and interflow, reduces Clay Movement, slow down desertification
Process；Second, there is ridge to have ditch, protect water-holding capacity and improve, keep more rainfalls here and supply plant growth；
(5) woods fruit it is contour build herbage band, band band is at a distance of 1.0m, bandwidth 0.5m；Make crops between young garden；
(6) stepped ramp type slope dry cropland repaiies horizontal ladder soil, and the low bank of earth between fields is built in ladder outside, the high 0.2m in the ridge, on the ridge and terraced wall kind herbage " dog
Root of the tooth "；" ring ditch " is dug in terraced inner side, tread kind crops and medicinal material；The tread width of horizontal ladder soil is according to the gradient and lay of the land
Flexibly grasp, focus on the contour of the terraced ridge and build plant hedge and protect terraced wall, on the terraced ridge.
In step (2), the clay is open grave mud.
In step (3), crop and the herbage next year crop rotation.
In step (5), the herbage is paspalum notatum and butch clover, paspalum notatum and butch clover mixed seeding, before sowing, herbage
Seed carries out pre-sowing treatment：40 DEG C of water seed soaking 12h of paspalum notatum, airing, then reinstate 1g Soluble phosphorus bacterium powders with butch clover one
Agent is watered the titanium fertilizer solution mixed liquor seed dressing that Soluble phosphorus bacteria powder suspension, the 1ml titanium solutions that 500g is formulated are watered 1kg, in vain
The another sovolin of clover soil retting the seed dressing of mud powder, mud powder contains rhizobium, and leguminous forage (butch clover) passes through silt
Mud powder Rhizobium Inoculation.
In step (6), on the ridge and terraced wall is in addition to kind of " Bermuda grass " herbage, and also kind has vetiver, paspalum notatum and vegetation
Sweet-scented osmanthus, it is separated by 17 ± 2cm kind a line herbages from terraced wall bottom to top, forms plant hedge.
The effect of furrow implantation methods is as follows：
(1) effect to conserve water and soil.Furrow implantation methods have thoroughly eradicated the bad habit of straight plowing work, have ridge to have ditch, truncate
Length of grade, streaming potential weaken；There is ridge to have ditch, protect water-holding capacity and improve, thus, the effect that conserves water and soil is good.According to surveying and determination, reference table 2,
Secondary flow mode is 0.034-0.076m3, 77.3%-90.6% is reduced before being planted than furrow；Suspended sediment amount is 0.15-
0.41g, 84.3%-94.6% is reduced before being planted than furrow.
The stream that subtracts of the furrow implantation methods of table 2 subtracts husky effect
* run-off, Suspended, bed load are husky for 2013 multiple time rainfall average；Reference point is derived from 2008, i.e., real
Before applying furrow implantation methods.
(2) effect of particle composition is improved.The each land type of winter in 2013 (furrow is planted 3 years) is selected representationally
The deep soil profiles of a 50cm dig respectively in side, and point 5 layers of collection soil sample (every layer of 10cm of sample), natural air drying carries out soil particle
Composition analysis.Reference table 3, mountain top convex slope dry cropland, granite red soil dry cropland, foot of the hill gentle slope dry cropland, woods fruit,
Dry cropland 5 land type 0-10cm soil layer clay contents in stepped ramp type slope are respectively 16.86%, 19.11%, 21.67%,
17.32%th, 17.54%, 10-20cm soil layers are respectively 16.53%, 20.56%, 21.35%, 17.68%, 17.66%, average
For 16.7%, 19.84%, 21.51%, 17.5%, 17.6%；The table of comparisons 1 relatively understands that each great soil group 0-20cm soil layers of the above glue
Grain contents level is respectively equivalent to nineteen ninety (mountain top convex slope dry cropland), nineteen ninety-five (granite red soil dry cropland),
The clay content of 2004 is horizontal, and this is provable, and desertification of land process was through 5 years, soil desertification caused by 10 years, or even 20 years,
Implementing furrow implantation methods only needs to recover for 3 years.
The southern granite red dry cropland of table 3 implements the 0-50cm soil layers particle composition change after 3 years of furrow implantation methods
* hydrometer method determines.
Those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications and variations to the embodiment of the present invention, if these modifications and change
Type is within the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies, then these modifications and variations are also in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
The prior art that the content not being described in detail in specification is known to the skilled person.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. furrow implantation methods of southern granite red dry cropland sand prevention and control, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：（1）In the low hummock hilly area of granite red, mountain top convex slope dry cropland, granite red soil dry cropland, the foot of the hill are selected Gentle slope dry cropland, woods fruit or stepped ramp type slope dry cropland as furrow plant soil；（2）Mountain top convex slope dry cropland implements " heavy metal pollution of soil " sand control, i.e., by the clay of descending location argillic horizon or external viscous Soil moves upward slope location pressure sand to, builds up plantation ridge, row spacing 0.3-0.5m, high 0.1-0.3m；Ridge, ditch distribute alternately, ditch depth, furrow width Each 0.2-0.4m；Vesicle site preparation and fertilization kind crop on ridge, the interior kind paspalum notatum of ditch；（3）Granite red soil dry cropland implements " contour strip intercropping ", i.e., crop, herbage in etc. high band plantation, and be spaced Intertilled using " subsoiling method ", i.e., one band is intertilled using " subsoiling method ", and an adjacent band is not intertilled；（4）Foot of the hill gentle slope dry cropland implements " the alternate plantation of furrow ", i.e., contour ridging, ridge, ditch are alternate, all plants crop, and high stalk is made Thing is arranged in ditch, and short-stalked crop is arranged on ridge；（5）Woods fruit it is contour build herbage band, band band is at a distance of 0.8-1.2m, bandwidth 0.4-0.6m；Make crops between young garden；（6）Stepped ramp type slope dry cropland repaiies horizontal ladder soil, and the low bank of earth between fields is built in ladder outside, the high 0.1-0.3m in the ridge, on the ridge and terraced wall kind herbage " dog Root of the tooth "；" ring ditch " is dug in terraced inner side, tread kind crops or/and medicinal material.
- 2. the furrow implantation methods of southern granite red dry cropland sand prevention and control as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that： Step（2）In, the clay is open grave mud.
- 3. the furrow implantation methods of southern granite red dry cropland sand prevention and control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exist In：Step（3）In, crop and the herbage next year crop rotation.
- 4. the furrow implantation methods of southern granite red dry cropland sand prevention and control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exist In：Step（5）In, the herbage is paspalum notatum and butch clover, the paspalum notatum and butch clover mixed seeding；Before sowing, herbage Seed carries out pre-sowing treatment：35-45 DEG C of water seed soaking 8-14h of paspalum notatum, dries, then reinstates 1g Soluble phosphorus with butch clover one Bacteria powder is watered the titanium fertilizer solution that Soluble phosphorus bacteria powder suspension, the 1ml titanium solutions that 450-550g is formulated are watered 0.8-1.2kg Mixed liquor dress seed, the another sovolin of butch clover soil retting mud powder seed dressing.
- 5. the furrow implantation methods of southern granite red dry cropland sand prevention and control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exist In：Step（6）In, on the ridge and terraced wall also plants the one or more in herbage vetiver, paspalum notatum, daghestan sweet clover, from ladder Wall bottom to top is separated by 15-20cm kind a line herbages, forms plant hedge.
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| CN109831955A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-06-04 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of solid indigenous method and terraced fields ecological slope protection structure of terraced fields |
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