CN107493894A - A kind of method of winter rubber underwood planting potato - Google Patents
A kind of method of winter rubber underwood planting potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN107493894A CN107493894A CN201710787229.8A CN201710787229A CN107493894A CN 107493894 A CN107493894 A CN 107493894A CN 201710787229 A CN201710787229 A CN 201710787229A CN 107493894 A CN107493894 A CN 107493894A
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- potato
- rubber
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- rubber tree
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
A kind of method of winter rubber underwood planting potato, it is the juvenile stage that rubber tree is in leaf fall period or rubber tree in the winter time, fallen leaves, weeds etc. are buried by ploughing deeply pressure with handling rubber, using double rows on a big ridge cultivation pattern, trench digging, ridging, sowing, fertilising under rubber forest, and complete unified water and fertilizer management using drip irrigation zone.The growth cycle of bound rubber tree of the present invention and winter potato, utilize the distinctive geographical and its winter climate advantage in tropical and subtropical region, in hot-zone rubber underwood planting potato, rubber forest ecological resources and space availability ratio, the generation for reducing potato disease can be improved, improve the quality and yield of potato, improve rubber forest ecological resources and soil environment simultaneously, economic benefit protrudes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to potato planting technical field.
Background technology
For natural rubber using forest land as unit, seeding row spacing is larger, generally 7-10 rice, and the space resources of sylvan life is mostly the free time
State, cause the huge waste of the natural resources such as rubber forest soil, light, temperature.Single large area rubber planting produces to ecological environment
Huge damaging influence is given birth to, (such as Yunnan Province of China saves Xishuangbanna, Dehong, river mouth in large area estate rubber region
Ground), the bio-diversity of its tropical rainforest ecosystem, the ability that conserves water and soil, soil quality are decreased obviously, tropical rain forest
There is more serious fragmentation in landscape and large area outburst occur in fragmentation, pest and disease damage.Therefore, how diversity growing is carried out
To make full use of the natural resources, recover diversity ecological environment, it is extremely urgent to improve weather conditions.
Intercropping is with the diversity growing method of the space structure principle of group, can make full use of space and money
Source, pest and disease damage and soil erosion are reduced, is a well stimulation agriculturally.Crop with rubber tree intercropping and interplanting be mostly flowers,
The short bar such as vegetables, peanut, soya bean, mung bean, shallow root crop, some areas also Interplanting maize, coffee, tealeaves etc..But due to rubber
Mass color shine serious shielding to its branches and leaves over the ground after tree is ripe, pair is affected with its interplanting crops, causes the life of interplanting plant
Length is bad, and economic benefit is not high, and substantial amounts of forest land is idle.The especially relevant criterion and industry long term accumulation of industry plantation
Experience all think that the crop such as interplanting cassava, sweet potato easily triggers rubber tree root disease or seriously consumes soil fertility, therefore does not allow
Plant these crops.For a long time, nobody's research and trial are in rubber forest land Intercropping Potato.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems, such as that prior art is present, there is provided one kind is easily operated, is easy to manage and produces
Amount and the implantation methods of the high winter rubber sylvan life potato of quality.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of method of winter rubber underwood planting potato, method are as follows:
(1) leaf fall period or the winter of juvenile stage are in rubber tree, glue platform is planted into rubber forest land and its protection band is ploughed deeply
Pressure buries fallen leaves, weeds, and mu applies 50 kilograms of calcium and magnesium phosphorus before ploughing deeply;
(2) in rubber tree line space, trench digging, ridging at each 1.2 meters of rubber tree both sides, middle row spacing are 1.2 meters;
(3) applied fertilizer to the subsoil using compound fertilizer specially used for potato on ridge, the N in the composite fertilizer:P:K weight ratio is 15:10:
20, B, Mg, Zn trace element are mixed with composite fertilizer;
(4) to be sowed using double rows on a big ridge cultivation mode, the line-spacing of sowing is 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, 5000~
5500 plants/acre, depth of planting is 8~10cm;
(5) drip irrigation zone is laid on ridge;
(6) when potato set is grown to apart from ridge face 2-3cm, 3-5 centimetres of earthing;
(7) when potato set up to arrives 10cm, carry out carrying seedling by 5kg/ mu drip irrigation urea;
(8) first time top dressing is carried out in one week after tuber character, is carried out while the time of infertility is with drip irrigation moisture
Top dressing, top dressing 8 times altogether, first 4 times using potato balanced type Water soluble fertilizer and according to 5kg/ mus/time progress top dressing, potato balance
N in type Water soluble fertilizer:P:K ratios are 18:18:18;Afterwards 4 times using the high K-type Water soluble fertilizers of potato according to 5kg/ mus/time chased after
Fertilizer, the high K-type Water soluble fertilizer N of potato:P:K ratios are 15:5:25, the first half of the month of harvesting stops applying water fertilising.
Rubber tree is deciduous tree, and there is of short duration fallen leaves rest period in winter, and also without rubber tapping, now, rubber tree strives water
The ability for taking fertilizer by force is weaker.Rubber tree is suitable to deep, fertile and moisten, the growth of well-drained acid sandy loam in soil layer, plants
The year-round average temperature in area is substantially in the range of 20~30 DEG C, and winter temperature is seldom below 0 DEG C, and this environment and condition are exactly
It is to be best suitable for winter potato planting.Using the leaf fall period of the inventive method, in the winter time rubber tree, woodland sunlight is filled
Foot, significantly reduces the masking to potato squaring period to florescence, preferable illumination is provided for the normal growth of potato
Condition.The less generation that can also reduce disease of amount of rainfall in the winter and prevalence.The appropriate bridging effect of rubber branch also makes simultaneously
Obtain sylvan life temperature to decrease, suitable for potato planting.The fertilizer of application can be absorbed rapidly by potato, and loss is less, simultaneously
With reference to under-film drip irrigation water-fertilizer integral planting technology, with volume increase, water saving, section fertilizer, raising potato yield and improving quality
Feature.
The growth cycle of bound rubber tree of the present invention and winter potato, utilizes the distinctive geography in tropical and subtropical region
And its winter climate advantage, in hot-zone rubber underwood planting potato, rubber forest ecological resources and space availability ratio, reduction can be improved
The generation of potato disease, improves the quality and yield of potato, while improves rubber forest ecological resources and soil environment, economy effect
Benefit is prominent.
After the harvesting of winter potato, ground cane leaves of potato etc. can be sterilized to burial on the spot and made compost, or for rubber
Green manuring is set, adds fertile moisturizing for rubber tree, is prepared for the follow-up rubber tapping phase, realize the mutual branch of rubber tree and potato planting
Support, realizes and raises short-long, the three-dimensional planting mode of combination of long drives and drop shots.The inventive method is easily operated, is easy to manage, planting effect
It is good, the normal growth of rubber tree is neither influenceed, and can is high-quality, the plantation potato of high yield.The present invention broken people for a long time with
Underground potato class plant to think easily triggers the thinking inertia of rubber tree root disease or serious consumption soil fertility, furthers investigate and utilizes
The plantation of rubber tree and potato and growth characteristic, it effectively prevent natural resources and the skies such as winter rubber forest land soil, light, temperature
Between resource huge waste, and can relax that single rubber forest plantation is lost in bio-diversity and regional climate change causes
Adverse effect.Rubber tree is generally planted in the slope that illumination is good, divulges information, in order that rubber tree growth is straight and upright, is not easy because of water
Soil is lost in and wind falls down to the ground, and people plant after hillside fields typically first to be built to the platform of the same one-level one-level of imaging terraced fields
Rubber, industry are referred to as to plant glue platform.Plant general wide 8 meters of glue platform or so.Typically there is wider protection on rubber forest land periphery
Band vacant lot, it is available.The fallen leaves of rubber tree are a lot, and thicker one layer is usually paved with forest land.By planting winter potato
Process, will fall leaves buried, you can improve woodland fertility, while solve rubber forest regular maintenance and also need to specially send someone to clear up
The problem of fallen leaves.The major hidden danger of substantial amounts of fallen leaves and rubber forest land winter fire.
Embodiment
A kind of method of winter rubber underwood planting potato, this method are to be in leaf fall period or juvenile stage in rubber tree
When, bury fallen leaves, weeds etc. by ploughing deeply pressure and handle rubber, using double rows on a big ridge cultivation pattern, under rubber forest trench digging, ridging,
Sowing, fertilising, and complete unified water and fertilizer management using drip irrigation zone.Specific method is as follows:
(1) when rubber tree is in the leaf fall period in the winter time or rubber tree juvenile stage winter, select that physical features is more gentle, fertilizer
Power is better-than-average, the superior rubber forest land of irrigation condition, and rubber forest land is planted into glue platform and its protection band ploughs deeply pressure and buries falling for rubber tree
Leaf, weeds, mu applies 50 kilograms of calcium and magnesium phosphorus before ploughing deeply.
(2) in rubber tree line space, trench digging, ridging at each 1.2 meters of rubber tree both sides, middle row spacing are 1.2 meters.
(3) applied fertilizer to the subsoil using compound fertilizer specially used for potato on ridge, the N in the composite fertilizer:P:K weight ratio is 15:10:
20, B, Mg, Zn trace element are mixed with composite fertilizer.
(4) sowed using the double rows on a big ridge cultivation mode of prior art, the line-spacing of sowing is 30cm, spacing in the rows is
20cm, 5000~5500 plants/acre, depth of planting is 8~10cm.
(5) drip irrigation zone is laid on ridge.
(6) when potato set is grown to apart from ridge face 2-3cm, 3-5 centimetres of earthing.
(7) when potato set up to arrives 10cm, carry out carrying seedling by 5kg/ mu drip irrigation urea.
(8) first time top dressing is carried out in one week after tuber character, is carried out while the time of infertility is with drip irrigation moisture
Top dressing, top dressing 8 times altogether, first 4 times using potato balanced type Water soluble fertilizer and according to 5kg/ mus/time progress top dressing, potato balance
N in type Water soluble fertilizer:P:K ratios are 18:18:18;Afterwards 4 times using the high K-type Water soluble fertilizers of potato according to 5kg/ mus/time chased after
Fertilizer, the high K-type Water soluble fertilizer N of potato:P:K ratios are 15:5:25, the first half of the month of harvesting stops applying water fertilising.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. method of winter rubber underwood planting potato, it is characterised in that method is as follows:(1) when rubber tree is in leaf fall period or juvenile stage in the winter time, glue platform is planted into rubber forest land and its protection band is ploughed deeply pressure and buried Fallen leaves, weeds, mu applies 50 kilograms of calcium and magnesium phosphorus before ploughing deeply;(2) in rubber tree line space, trench digging, ridging at each 1.2 meters of rubber tree both sides, middle row spacing are 1.2 meters;(3) applied fertilizer to the subsoil using compound fertilizer specially used for potato on ridge, the N in the composite fertilizer:P:K weight ratio is 15:10:20, it is multiple B, Mg, Zn trace element are mixed with Hefei;(4) to be sowed using double rows on a big ridge cultivation mode, the line-spacing of sowing is 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, 5000~5500 plants/ Mu, depth of planting is 8~10cm;(5) drip irrigation zone is laid on ridge;(6) when potato set is grown to apart from ridge face 2-3cm, 3-5 centimetres of earthing;(7) when potato set up to arrives 10cm, carry out carrying seedling by 5kg/ mu drip irrigation urea;(8) first time top dressing is carried out in one week after tuber character, top dressing is carried out while the time of infertility is with drip irrigation moisture, Top dressing 8 times altogether, first 4 times using potato balanced type Water soluble fertilizer and water-soluble according to 5kg/ mus/time progress top dressing, potato balanced type N in fertilizer:P:K ratios are 18:18:18;4 use high K-type Water soluble fertilizers of potato are according to 5kg/ mus/time progress top dressing, Ma Ling afterwards The high K-type Water soluble fertilizer N of potato:P:K ratios are 15:5:25, the first half of the month of harvesting stops applying water fertilising.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111316863A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-23 | 九芝堂股份有限公司 | Method for planting callicarpa nudiflora and rubber trees in mixed mode |
CN113133376A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-20 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Integrated blocking intelligent control planting method for water and fertilizer in forest |
CN114467604A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-13 | 勐腊田野橡胶销售有限责任公司 | Rubber forest dry season rubber tapping management method |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105175080A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2015-12-23 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Potato overall-process stereoscopic balanced fertilization method |
CN105706690A (en) * | 2016-02-14 | 2016-06-29 | 云南农业大学 | Water and fertilizer integrated planting method for potatoes in Yunnan in winter |
-
2017
- 2017-09-04 CN CN201710787229.8A patent/CN107493894A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105175080A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2015-12-23 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Potato overall-process stereoscopic balanced fertilization method |
CN105706690A (en) * | 2016-02-14 | 2016-06-29 | 云南农业大学 | Water and fertilizer integrated planting method for potatoes in Yunnan in winter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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布鲁车: ""橡胶幼林地套种玉米技术"", 《农民致富之友》 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111316863A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-23 | 九芝堂股份有限公司 | Method for planting callicarpa nudiflora and rubber trees in mixed mode |
CN113133376A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-20 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Integrated blocking intelligent control planting method for water and fertilizer in forest |
CN113133376B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2023-12-08 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Under-forest water and fertilizer integrated block intelligent control planting method |
CN114467604A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-13 | 勐腊田野橡胶销售有限责任公司 | Rubber forest dry season rubber tapping management method |
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Application publication date: 20171222 |
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