CN105340567A - High-quality and high-yield peanut planting method - Google Patents
High-quality and high-yield peanut planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105340567A CN105340567A CN201510928464.3A CN201510928464A CN105340567A CN 105340567 A CN105340567 A CN 105340567A CN 201510928464 A CN201510928464 A CN 201510928464A CN 105340567 A CN105340567 A CN 105340567A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-quality and high-yield peanut planting method. The high-quality and high-yield peanut planting method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting lands; (2) accelerating germination and sowing seeds; (3) carrying out seedling stage management; (4) carrying out field management; and (5) harvesting and picking. The high-quality and high-yield peanut planting method provided by the invention has the advantages of high protein foods, unique flavor, abundant nutrients and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of peanut cultivation method of good quality and high output.
Background technology
Peanut, original name peanut (formal name used at school: Arachishypogaea), seed is also shelled peanut, good name peanut, belongs to the seed fraction of the large organ of plant six.Fruit rinds is coarse, and most with tartan, have a translucent thin skin in fruit, belong to protective tissue, color, based on light red, has minority to be darkviolet.Belong to the annual herb plant of Rosales, pulse family, stem is upright or crawl, long 30-80 centimetre, and ala is separated with keel, the long 2-5 centimetre of pod, wide 1-1.3 centimetre, and expand, pod is thick, the flowering fruit bearing stage 6-8 month.Mainly be distributed in the ground such as Brazil, China, Egypt.Be the raw material producing edible vegetable oil, shelled peanut can be processed into non-staple food.
Annual herb.Root has abundant root nodule; Stem is upright or crawl, and long 30-80 centimetre, stem and branch all have rib, and by the long pubescence of yellow, rear change is without hair.Leaf usual tool leaflet 2 is right; The long 2-4 centimetre of stipule, tool longitudinal vein line, by hair; Petiole base embraces stem, and long 5-10 centimetre, by hair; Leaflet papery, ovum shape Long Circle to obovate, long 2-4 centimetre, wide 0.5-2 centimetre, tip blunt round, sometimes nick, tool spinule tip, base portion subcircular, Quan Yuan, two sides by hair, edge tool eyelashes; About 10, the every limit of lateral vein; Vein edge is coupled to mutually netted; The long 2-5 millimeter of petiolule, is become mildewed by yellowish-brown; Flower is about 8 millimeters; Bract 2, lanceolar; Bractlet lanceolar, is about 5 millimeters, and tool longitudinal vein line, by pubescence; Calyx pipe is thin, long 4-6 centimetre; Corolla is yellow or golden yellow, and vexil diameter 1.7 centimetres, carries out, and tip is recessed into; Ala is separated with keel, ala Long Circle or tiltedly avette, elongated; The long oval of keel, interior curved, tip is narrow one-tenth beak gradually, short compared with ala; Style extend calyx pipe pharyngeal outside, column cap top is raw, little, dredges by pubescence.The long 2-5 centimetre of pod, wide 1-1.3 centimetre, expand, pod is thick, seed transverse diameter 0.5-1 centimetre.The flowering fruit bearing stage 6-8 month.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and there is high-protein food, unique flavor, the peanut cultivation method of a kind of good quality and high output of the advantage such as nutritious.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of peanut cultivation method of good quality and high output, and the step of the peanut cultivation method of described good quality and high output comprises: (1) soil is selected: select loam or sandy loam, silt ratio is 6:4, and soil acidity or alkalinity is 6-7;
(2) vernalization sowing: during sowing, every 10 kilograms of seed benevolence 40-80 gram rhizobium add 40 grams of ammonium molybdates to 150 grams, water and now mix and now broadcast, requirement earth's surface 5-10 cm layer of soil temperature stabilization of emerging reaches more than 15 DEG C, thickness of sowing be every mu broadcast 10,000 caves about, every cave 2-3 grain, guarantee every cave 2 strain, sowing depth is generally 5 cm;
(3) seedling management: sow after more than ten day, seedling is put with sharp knife rupture of membranes when cotyledon is unearthed, accomplish out that one puts one, when growing to 4 leaves, carefully to check the part side shoot plucking out and grow wild in film, making its normal growth, when seedling is put in perforate, holes size wants appropriateness, is advisable, fills the gaps with seedlings with the seedling balled transplanting of seedling age 3 ~ 4 leaf as well with 3 centimetres;
(4) field management: topdress seedling stage and should use before the early flowering season; should based on nitrogenous fertilizer; phosphorus, potash fertilizer coordinate, mu nitrogen fertilizer application 8-10 jin, a traditional unit of weight, or composite fertilizer 30-40 jin, a traditional unit of weight; soil spreads fertilizer over the fields or row replacement of ditching; peanut begin spend after, plant strain growth is vigorous, topdresses in time; execute superphosphate 40 jin, a traditional unit of weight for every mu, high-quality barnyard manure mu executes 500 jin, a traditional unit of weight;
(5) results are plucked: when peanut plant upper blade turns yellow, in, lower blade from green to yellow and come off gradually, when most pod is hardening, reticulate pattern is clear, seed benevolence is full, fine day results be robbed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described ammonium molybdate comprises molybdenum trioxide and molybdenum bisuphide.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described rhizobium comprise nitrogenase and ammoniacal nitrogen.
The advantages such as the peanut cultivation method of a kind of good quality and high output of the present invention, has high-protein food, unique flavor, nutritious.
Embodiment
Be described in detail below in conjunction with to preferred embodiment of the present invention, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment, a kind of peanut cultivation method of good quality and high output, the step of the peanut cultivation method of described good quality and high output comprises: (1) soil is selected: select loam or sandy loam, silt ratio is 6:4, and soil acidity or alkalinity is 6-7;
(2) vernalization sowing: during sowing, every 10 kilograms of seed benevolence 40-80 gram rhizobium add 40 grams of ammonium molybdates to 150 grams, water and now mix and now broadcast, requirement earth's surface 5-10 cm layer of soil temperature stabilization of emerging reaches more than 15 DEG C, thickness of sowing be every mu broadcast 10,000 caves about, every cave 2-3 grain, guarantee every cave 2 strain, sowing depth is generally 5 cm;
(3) seedling management: sow after more than ten day, seedling is put with sharp knife rupture of membranes when cotyledon is unearthed, accomplish out that one puts one, when growing to 4 leaves, carefully to check the part side shoot plucking out and grow wild in film, making its normal growth, when seedling is put in perforate, holes size wants appropriateness, is advisable, fills the gaps with seedlings with the seedling balled transplanting of seedling age 3 ~ 4 leaf as well with 3 centimetres;
(4) field management: topdress seedling stage and should use before the early flowering season; should based on nitrogenous fertilizer; phosphorus, potash fertilizer coordinate, mu nitrogen fertilizer application 8-10 jin, a traditional unit of weight, or composite fertilizer 30-40 jin, a traditional unit of weight; soil spreads fertilizer over the fields or row replacement of ditching; peanut begin spend after, plant strain growth is vigorous, topdresses in time; execute superphosphate 40 jin, a traditional unit of weight for every mu, high-quality barnyard manure mu executes 500 jin, a traditional unit of weight;
(5) results are plucked: when peanut plant upper blade turns yellow, in, lower blade from green to yellow and come off gradually, when most pod is hardening, reticulate pattern is clear, seed benevolence is full, fine day results be robbed.
Further illustrate, described ammonium molybdate comprises molybdenum trioxide and molybdenum bisuphide, and described rhizobium comprise nitrogenase and ammoniacal nitrogen.
Further illustrating, initial bloom stage every mu use 50 ~ 100 grams of boraxs evenly spray blade face to 50 kilograms, water.Full-bloom stage end, to there being prosperous long trend field, the paclobutrazol 100 ~ 150 grams of every mu of use 15% is to water 50 kilograms of foliage-sprays.For improving ripening rate, the whole florescence carries out top dressing, and every mu sprays 1% urea or 0.2% ~ 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate once.When there is leaf spot, rust and fusarium wilt, the medicines such as available 40% carbendazim 500 times of liquid are prevented and treated.Peanut Pest mainly contains grub (soil insect) and aphid (foliar pest). and grub is easily planting the large generation of fertile field of peanut for many years, if prevent and treat ineffective, general field loss 20% ~ 30%, serious field loss reaches more than 50%.Control of grubs can be selected the medicaments such as phoxim (0.5 kg/acre) to add fine earth (25 kgs/acre) and mix into pesticide-clay mixture thoroughly, spreads fertilizer over the fields at seeding time.When there is aphid, Rogor can be selected to carry out foliar spray control.
Peanut result mainly relies on first, second to side shoot.60-70%, the second pair of side shoot number of results that the first pair of side shoot number of results accounts for complete stool number of results accounts for 20-30% of complete stool number of results, and stem and other side shoot results little.Because peanut first pair of side shoot raw on cotyledonary node, and when peanut is emerged, cotyledon is not unearthed or is partly unearthed, and is often embedded in soil, grows unhealthy and strong, directly affect flower bud differentiation and yield positive results when therefore cotyledonary node branch starts to grow.After peanut is emerged clear in time, cotyledonary node branch can be made to expose native face, receive the irradiation of sunlight and robust growth ahead of time.Facts have proved, the plant stem after clear and side shoot basal internode short, stem branch is sturdy, yields positive results many.Clear can make main root deeply prick, and side root increases, well developed root system, thus strengthens drought-resistant ability and the absorbing capacity of plant, as soon as possible mulch grass can also be removed, be conducive to the robust growth of plant by clear.Clear the time of correct grasp is the key link realizing clear volume increase.Clear seedling is too little too early, and the resistivity of taking off environment to external world after being unearthed is weak; Clear excessively late, and the time that the first pair of side shoot base portion is embedded in soil is long, and side shoot is thin and delicate, and basal internode extends, and affects clear effect.To require after neat seedling clear in time, according to the situation of emerging, clear one piece of Qi Miao mono-piece, gives full play to effect of increasing production clearly.Clear the degree of depth is exposed with 2 cotyledons and is as the criterion, and will note can not damaging or touching off cotyledon when clear.The invention provides a kind of peanut cultivation method of good quality and high output, there is high-protein food, unique flavor, the advantage such as nutritious.
The specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; any those of ordinary skill in the art are in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and the change can expected without creative work or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain that protection scope of the present invention should limit with claims is as the criterion.
Claims (3)
1. a peanut cultivation method for good quality and high output, is characterized in that: the step of the peanut cultivation method of described good quality and high output comprises: (1) soil is selected: select loam or sandy loam, silt ratio is 6:4, and soil acidity or alkalinity is 6-7;
(2) vernalization sowing: during sowing, every 10 kilograms of seed benevolence 40-80 gram rhizobium add 40 grams of ammonium molybdates to 150 grams, water and now mix and now broadcast, requirement earth's surface 5-10 cm layer of soil temperature stabilization of emerging reaches more than 15 DEG C, thickness of sowing be every mu broadcast 10,000 caves about, every cave 2-3 grain, guarantee every cave 2 strain, sowing depth is generally 5 cm;
(3) seedling management: sow after more than ten day, seedling is put with sharp knife rupture of membranes when cotyledon is unearthed, accomplish out that one puts one, when growing to 4 leaves, carefully to check the part side shoot plucking out and grow wild in film, making its normal growth, when seedling is put in perforate, holes size wants appropriateness, is advisable, fills the gaps with seedlings with the seedling balled transplanting of seedling age 3 ~ 4 leaf as well with 3 centimetres;
(4) field management: topdress seedling stage and should use before the early flowering season; should based on nitrogenous fertilizer; phosphorus, potash fertilizer coordinate, mu nitrogen fertilizer application 8-10 jin, a traditional unit of weight, or composite fertilizer 30-40 jin, a traditional unit of weight; soil spreads fertilizer over the fields or row replacement of ditching; peanut begin spend after, plant strain growth is vigorous, topdresses in time; execute superphosphate 40 jin, a traditional unit of weight for every mu, high-quality barnyard manure mu executes 500 jin, a traditional unit of weight;
(5) results are plucked: when peanut plant upper blade turns yellow, in, lower blade from green to yellow and come off gradually, when most pod is hardening, reticulate pattern is clear, seed benevolence is full, fine day results be robbed.
2. the peanut cultivation method of good quality and high output according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ammonium molybdate comprises molybdenum trioxide and molybdenum bisuphide.
3. the peanut cultivation method of good quality and high output according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described rhizobium comprise nitrogenase and ammoniacal nitrogen.
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| CN201510928464.3A CN105340567A (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2015-12-15 | High-quality and high-yield peanut planting method |
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| CN201510928464.3A CN105340567A (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2015-12-15 | High-quality and high-yield peanut planting method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105900638A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-31 | 固镇县传红家庭农场 | High-quality peanut planting method |
| CN106386127A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-15 | 巢湖春友种业科技有限公司 | Planting method of high yield peanut |
| CN107360838A (en) * | 2017-08-12 | 2017-11-21 | 佛山推启农业研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich peanut |
| CN114303850A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-12 | 广西健美乐食品有限公司 | High-yield low-fertilizer peanut planting method |
Citations (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104938169A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-30 | 范德美 | Peanut cultivation method |
| CN105027935A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-11 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | Peanut high-yield cultivation method |
-
2015
- 2015-12-15 CN CN201510928464.3A patent/CN105340567A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104938169A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-30 | 范德美 | Peanut cultivation method |
| CN105027935A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-11 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | Peanut high-yield cultivation method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 佚名: "春地膜花生高产栽培技术", 《360个人图书馆HTTP://WWW.360DOC.COM/CONTENT/10/0309/14/957132_18114374.SHTML》 * |
| 佚名: "花生种植对土壤的要求是怎样的", 《新乡豫东长新机械厂HTTP://WWW.CNTRADES.COM/B2B/XXSJBY/SELL/ITEMID-27422002.HTML》 * |
| 薛国飞: "花生追肥技术", 《中国农业推广网HTTP://WWW.FARMERS.ORG.CN/ARTICLE/SHOWARTICLE.ASP?ARTICLEID=170680》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105900638A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-31 | 固镇县传红家庭农场 | High-quality peanut planting method |
| CN106386127A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-15 | 巢湖春友种业科技有限公司 | Planting method of high yield peanut |
| CN107360838A (en) * | 2017-08-12 | 2017-11-21 | 佛山推启农业研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich peanut |
| CN114303850A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-12 | 广西健美乐食品有限公司 | High-yield low-fertilizer peanut planting method |
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