CN109328936A - A kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata Download PDFInfo
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- CN109328936A CN109328936A CN201811124997.6A CN201811124997A CN109328936A CN 109328936 A CN109328936 A CN 109328936A CN 201811124997 A CN201811124997 A CN 201811124997A CN 109328936 A CN109328936 A CN 109328936A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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Abstract
The present invention relates to medicinal plant planting technology fields, the implantation methods of specifically a kind of Aplotaxis auriculata, include the following steps: Step 1: selection of land site preparation: selection height above sea level is at 2000 meters or more, preceding crop is gramineous crop, soil layer is deep, draining is good, the soil is porous fertile sand loam, and it is ploughed deeply, weeds is ploughed under into underground；Step 2: seed selection and seed treatment: the seed after secondary seed selection is carried out chemically chemicals treatment by selection current year harvesting full seed, the seed without mildew, no disease and pests harm, and carry out secondary selection using wet cleaning process, and will treated seed yin to half-dried；Step 3: sowing: using bunch planting or drilling；Step 4: field management: including tillage and weeding, top dressing and ridging；Step 5: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the prevention and treatment of prevention and treatment and chafer insect pest including aphid insect damage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medicinal plant planting technology field, the implantation methods of specifically a kind of Aplotaxis auriculata.
Background technique
Aplotaxis auriculata is the perennial herb of chrysanthemum mesh, composite family, Genus Saussurea, and 100-200 centimetres high, main root is sturdy, cylindrical,
Has special aroma, blade triangular shape is oval or Yangtze River Delta shape, and leaf margin is shallowly split or wavy, and stem leaf oblong, achene is linear, flower
The fruiting period 8-10 month, be used as medicine with root month phase 7-8, have stomach invigorating dissipate-swelling, promoting the flow of qi and relieving stagnancy, analgesic tocolysis effect, can promoting qi circulation, resolving food retention, it is soothing the liver,
All gas pain, accumulation of stopping eating, fullness sensation in chest abdominal distension, vomiting dysentery etc. are controlled in stomach invigorating.
Aplotaxis auriculata is born in the higher mountain area of height above sea level, and 5-6 DEG C of year-round average temperature, 23 DEG C of the highest temperature, -14 DEG C of the lowest temperature,
800~1000 millimeters of annual rainfall (focuses mostly in August part), frost-free period 150 days, normal March to second year after December
There are accumulated snow, frost, but radix aucklandiae still safe overwintering, growth is fine.Spring and autumn growth is fast, 7, the rainy seasonal growth of August part it is slow.
Aplotaxis auriculata is mainly based on wild at present, and the implantation methods not standardized promote the yield and contracting of Aplotaxis auriculata
The growth cycle of short cloud radix aucklandiae.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata, it is so as to solve current Aplotaxis auriculata all be wild
It is main, cause the product of Aplotaxis auriculata low and the problem of growth cycle length.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata, include the following steps:
Step 1: selection of land site preparation: selection height above sea level is at 2000 meters or more, and preceding crop is gramineous crop, and soil layer is deep, draining is good
Good, the soil is porous fertile sand loam, and ploughed deeply, weeds are ploughed under into underground；
Step 2: seed selection and seed treatment: selection current year harvesting full seed, the seed without mildew, no disease and pests harm, and use water
Select method to carry out secondary selection, the seed after secondary seed selection be subjected to chemically chemicals treatment, and will treated seed yin to half
It is dry；
Step 3: sowing: using bunch planting or drilling；
Step 4: field management: including tillage and weeding, top dressing and ridging；
Step 5: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the prevention and treatment of prevention and treatment and chafer insect pest including aphid insect damage.
Preferably, further technical solution is, in the step 1, selected plot is carried out after the Beginning of Winter deep
Turn over 30cm, weeds ploughed under into underground, successively carry out March next year it is secondary plough, flatten rake is thin, basal dressing, plough, rake three times,
Insecticide is sprinkled, finally again by selected plot ridging, the width of ridging is 100-120cm.
Further technical solution is that the base manure is well-rotted farmyard manure, per acre basal dressing 2000kg.
Further technical solution is, the insecticide be ground worm absolutely or phoxim, sprinkle insecticide 5kg per acre.
Further technical solution is, in the step 2, wet cleaning process is screened using warm water soaking and stirring, chemically medicine
Agent processing uses the carbendazim of 1000 times of liquid or smart first fludioxonil to impregnate 24 hours.
Further technical solution is, in the step 3, first presses line-spacing 20cm, ditch depth 3cm carries out selected plot
Trench digging, seed is uniformly sprinkled into ditch, and the weight of seed used is 2-3kg, earthing 3-5cm per acre.
Further technical solution is that the sowing is sowed, tillage and weeding includes: using sowing in spring in early April
It is second of weeding, the third time weeding of mid or late July current year when first time weeding after emergence, seedling grow to 6-7 piece true leaf, secondary
Seedling of turning green in year goes out the 4th weeding and the 5th weeding of mid or late July next year when young leaves.
Further technical solution is, the top dressing includes: first time topdressing after second of weeding, third time weeding
It the 4th top dressing after the third time top dressing of second of top dressing, mid or late October current year afterwards, the 4th weeding and removes for the 5th time
The 5th top dressing after grass.
Further technical solution is that the prevention and treatment of the aphid insect damage uses the imidacloprid or Rogor cream of 700-1000 times of liquid
Agent carries out spraying treatment to blade；The prevention and treatment of the chafer insect pest carries out blade using the alphamethrin of 1000 times of liquid
Spraying treatment carries out root irrigation to root.
Further technical solution be further include that thinning after planting is filled the gaps with seedlings: carried out in height of seedling 5cm between first time
Seedling, growing 3-5 piece true leaf in seedling is to carry out second of thinning；
The extra young plant gone out is filled the gaps with seedlings to the place that is short of seedling when thinning.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: first selecting plot, suitable plot is selected to be convenient for
The growth of Aplotaxis auriculata ploughs deeply plot and weeds is ploughed under underground, and through winter low temperature weather frost and snow jellyization, fine day is suned the earth which has been ploughed up
Physical measure mitigates disease, then carries out seed selection and then seed treatment is sowed to guarantee the yield of Aplotaxis auriculata
Handled with field, the top dressing in the processing of field can shorten the growth cycle of Aplotaxis auriculata, and in the growth course of Aplotaxis auriculata and
When pest and disease damage is prevented and treated, be further ensured that the yield of Aplotaxis auriculata.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below according to embodiment, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment one:
A kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata, include the following steps:
Step 1: selection of land site preparation: selection height above sea level is at 2000 meters or more, and preceding crop is gramineous crop, and soil layer is deep, draining is good
Good, the soil is porous fertile sand loam, and ploughed deeply, weeds are ploughed under into underground；
Step 2: seed selection and seed treatment: selection current year harvesting full seed, the seed without mildew, no disease and pests harm, and use water
Select method to carry out secondary selection, the seed after secondary seed selection be subjected to chemically chemicals treatment, and will treated seed yin to half
It is dry；
Step 3: sowing: using bunch planting or drilling；
Step 4: field management: including tillage and weeding, top dressing and ridging；
Step 5: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the prevention and treatment of prevention and treatment and chafer insect pest including aphid insect damage.
First plot is selected, selects suitable plot to be convenient for the growth of Aplotaxis auriculata, plot is ploughed deeply and will be miscellaneous
Grass ploughs under underground, and through winter low temperature weather frost and snow jellyization, the physical measures such as fine day is suned the earth which has been ploughed up mitigate disease, then chooses seeds
And then seed treatment carries out sowing and field processing to guarantee the yield of Aplotaxis auriculata, the top dressing in the processing of field can contract
The growth cycle of short cloud radix aucklandiae, and pest and disease damage is prevented and treated in time in the growth course of Aplotaxis auriculata, it is further ensured that Yun Mu
Fragrant yield.
Select height above sea level in the plot of 2000-3000m, plot selects the gradient for the slope land of 10-30 degree, and before plot
For stubble as being the gramineous crops such as corn, selected plot is the sand loam that soil layer is deep, draining is good, loosing soil is fertile
Selected plot after plot is chosen, is ploughed deeply with the tractor that plows after the Beginning of Winter, the objects such as weeds is ploughed under ground by ground
Under, through winter low temperature weather frost and snow jellyization, the physical measures such as fine day is suned the earth which has been ploughed up mitigate disease.
10-15 days prior to seeding, 300-500 sample seeds were randomly selected in all seeds to be sowed, will be extracted into
Sample seeds be uniformly mixed, germination percentage test is carried out to the seed to be sowed being put into insulating box, according to the height of germination percentage
To determine application rate.
The pine needle of 3 cm thick of rear cover or the sunshade net of sunshade rate 60-75% are sowed, after planting watering in time, guarantees after planting
Ground moistening can emerge for one week or so.
Ridging is once to be earthed up in Aplotaxis auriculata First Year autumn to root, and after overground part is withered, 12 cm thicks of training are left
Right soil can improve yield and quality.
Embodiment two:
In the step 1, selected plot is carried out after the Beginning of Winter to plough deeply 30cm, weeds is ploughed under into underground, March next year according to
It is secondary carry out it is secondary plough, flatten rake carefully, basal dressing, plough, rake three times, sprinkling insecticide, finally again by selected plot ridging,
The width of ridging is 100-120cm.
On the basis of example 1, selected plot is ploughed deeply with the tractor that plows after the Beginning of Winter, miscellaneous
The objects such as grass plough under underground, and through winter low temperature weather frost and snow jellyization, the physical measures such as fine day is suned the earth which has been ploughed up mitigate disease, in next year 3
Moon progress is secondary to plough, and then leveling rake is thin, application base manure, since the root of Aplotaxis auriculata is with aromatic odor, compares trick and lures grub
Equal subterranean pest-insects, endanger Aplotaxis auriculata rhizome, are ploughed three times, harrow thin and sprinkle insecticide, avoid pest damage Aplotaxis auriculata
Then root can be made selected after above-mentioned steps are handled with high ridge of the tractor ridging at 100-120cm wide that plow again
The loosing soil in plot easily facilitates draining, is conducive to the production of Aplotaxis auriculata root system, to improve yield, and convenient artificial
Carry out farm work.
Plot selects the gradient for the slope land of 10-30 degree, and the width of ridging is 100-120cm, and will be highly set as
30cm or more can guarantee to drain in this way, and Aplotaxis auriculata is avoided to generate root rot.
Embodiment three:
The base manure is well-rotted farmyard manure, per acre basal dressing 2000kg, and applying base manure can be used as the nutrition of Aplotaxis auriculata growth
It lays in, and apply well-rotted farmyard manure to promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, coordinates the ratio of soil air and water, make
Loosing soil increases water conservation, heat preservation, ventilative, fertilizer conservation ability.
On the basis of example 2, when being ploughed three times, working, which can also be, smashes well-rotted farmyard manure, more
It is sufficiently mixed added with well-rotted farmyard manure is conducive to soil.
Example IV:
On the basis of embodiment three, insecticide be ground worm absolutely or phoxim, sprinkle insecticide 5kg per acre, by 5kg worm is exhausted
Or 5kg phoxim is sprinkled upon the ground after site preparation as insecticide, to luring the subterranean pest-insects such as grub to prevent and treat.
Embodiment five:
On the basis of example IV, in step 2, wet cleaning process is screened using warm water soaking and stirring, and chemically chemicals treatment uses
The carbendazim or immersion of first fludioxonil 24 hours smart of 1000 times of liquid.
Physical treatment is carried out to seed prior to seeding and chemical treatment, physical treatment are screened by warm water soaking and stirring,
It can not only play the role of wet concentration, impurity and the taking-up of prematurity seed on the whole will be floated, while vernalization can also be played
Effect.
Then it is impregnated 24 hours with the carbendazim of 1000 times of liquid or smart first fludioxonil again, takes out seed, yin is to broadcasting after half-dried
Kind, seed is by processing, and advance germination, emergence is neat, and robust plant, pest and disease damage are few.
Embodiment six:
In the step 3, line-spacing 20cm is first pressed, ditch depth 3cm ditches to selected plot, seed is uniformly sprinkled into ditch, often
The weight of seed used in mu ground is 2-3kg, earthing 3-5cm.
On the basis of embodiment five, sowing is preceding first to ditch, ditch depth 30cm, and the line-spacing between ditch is 20cm, then
Seed is sprinkled upon in ditch.
Embodiment seven:
The sowing is sowed using sowing in spring in early April, and tillage and weeding includes: that first time weeding after emergence, seedling are grown to
Second of weeding, the third time weeding of mid or late July current year when 6-7 piece true leaf, next year are turned green the 4th time when going out young leaves of seedling
5th weeding of weeding and mid or late July next year.
On the basis of embodiment six, using spring sowing, it can be sowed in April, the growth cycle of Aplotaxis auriculata is opposite
Just can be longer in autumn sowing, main reason is that can start frost phenomenon occur in December, Aplotaxis auriculata plant meeting after frost
Death simultaneously enters dormant period, and growth cycle will be shorter compared with spring sowing, and the times planted needed for all will be longer, therefore using the spring
The mode broadcast can also shorten the growth time of Aplotaxis auriculata, and spring sowing nursery requires water resource high, it is desirable that iirigation water source is sufficient, can arrange
It can fill, after planting to ensure that watering is sufficient, keep seedbed wet, provide adequate water for seed sprouting.
First time weeding is carried out after Aplotaxis auriculata emergence, the weeding system of the process is to have grass just to pull out, since seedling is small at this time,
Weeding is carried out by the way of artificial weeding, avoids grass is long from so that the root of Aplotaxis auriculata is received damage deeply very much；Second of weeding is in seedling
6-7 piece true leaf when progress is grown to, weeding at this time will guarantee the root for not hurting Aplotaxis auriculata, avoid dead seedling, or use and manually remove
The mode of grass carries out weeding；Third time weeding is carried out in the mid or late July in the same year, can also be carried out by way of artificial weeding
Weeding；4th weeding next year turn green seedling go out young leaves when, can use spud carry out tillage and weeding；The 7 of next year
The middle ten days and the last ten days moon carries out the 5th weeding, also can use spud and carries out tillage and weeding.
It by timely weeding, avoids grass that the root of Aplotaxis auriculata is made to be damaged, and weeds is avoided to absorb in soil
Nutrient and so that the growth of Aplotaxis auriculata is affected.
Embodiment eight:
The top dressing includes: the first time topdressing after second of weeding, second of top dressing after third time weeding, in 10 months current years
The 5th top dressing after the 4th top dressing and the 5th weeding after the third time top dressing in the last ten-days period, the 4th weeding.
On the basis of embodiment seven, the top dressing of Aplotaxis auriculata is typically chosen in top dressing before continuous rainy days or rainy day,
Fatting up for fertilizer can be carried out as rainwater flows into root, convenient for absorbing using a small amount of multiple method.
First time topdressing is carried out after second of weeding, is to carry out first time topdressing when seedling grows to 6-7 piece true leaf, is selected
Select nitrogen, phosphorus, the higher compound fertilizer of selection nitrogen content in potassium element, can choose nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio be the compound of 20:10:10
Fertilizer, per acre top dressing 15kg.
Second of top dressing is carried out after third time weeding, selects nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium for the balance of 16:16:16 or 18:18:18
Compound fertilizer imposes 20kg per acre.
Third time top dressing is carried out in October current year, selects nitrogen, phosphorus, the higher compound fertilizer of selection phosphorus content in potassium element,
It can choose nitrogen, phosphorus, the compound fertilizer that potassium is 10:20:20, impose 15kg per acre, and a certain amount of peroxophosphoric acid can also be added
Calcium imposes 15kg per acre.
The 4th top dressing is carried out in the 4th weeding, is to turn green to carry out the 4th top dressing when seedling goes out young leaves in next year,
Well-rotted farmyard manure 1000-2000kg is imposed per acre.
The 5th top dressing after the 5th weeding, first selects nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium for the balance of 16:16:16 or 18:18:18
Compound fertilizer imposes 20kg per acre, then in selection nitrogen, phosphorus, the high compound fertilizer of the inclined content of phosphorus in potassium element, can choose nitrogen, phosphorus,
Potassium is the compound fertilizer of 10:20:20, imposes 15kg per acre, and plot imposes 15kg calcium superphosphate per acre.
Carrying out top dressing using aforesaid way can make the yield of Aplotaxis auriculata every compared to common fertilising topdressing method
Mu promotes 400kg, and the last cycle was shortened to 2 years from 3 years, saves any time and Cultivate administration cost.
Embodiment nine:
The prevention and treatment of the aphid insect damage uses the imidacloprid of 700-1000 times of liquid or dimethoate emulsion to carry out spraying treatment to blade；It is described
The prevention and treatment of chafer insect pest carries out spraying treatment to blade using the alphamethrin of 1000 times of liquid or carries out pouring root to root
Processing.
On the basis of embodiment eight, the season at the beginning of autumn late summer, easily generation aphid, with the imidacloprid of 700-1000 times of liquid or
Dimethoate emulsion carries out spraying treatment to blade, can use the knapsack sprayer of 20L, the pyrrole worm of medicine 20-30mL is converted with 20L water
Quinoline or dimethoate emulsion, using knapsack sprayer be sprayed to blade it is wet until.
The blade of chafer worm main harm Aplotaxis auriculata, is sprayed blade with the alphamethrin of 1000 times of liquid,
20L knapsack sprayer can be used, 20L water is added in knapsack sprayer, is converting medicine 20mL, is sprayed to blade and moistens and be
Only, or using the watering mode pouring root such as water pipe, sprinkler pipe network to the root of Aplotaxis auriculata.
Embodiment ten:
Further include that thinning after planting is filled the gaps with seedlings: carrying out first time thinning in height of seedling 5cm, growing 3-5 piece true leaf in seedling is to carry out
Second of thinning；The extra young plant gone out is filled the gaps with seedlings to the place that is short of seedling when thinning.
On the basis of embodiment nine, Aplotaxis auriculata seedling stage can carry out thinning according to emergence, and general seedling stage thinning 2 times i.e.
Can, the 1st meeting is in 5 centimetres of height of seedling or so thinnings；2nd time when seedling grows 4 true leaves, interval 15 centimetres stay a seedling, bunch planting
2 seedlings are stayed in every cave, and young plant extra out is mended and plants in the place that is short of seedling.To check young plant in annual last time intertillage, have be short of seedling into
Row, which is mended, plants, and guarantees full stand, 13000 plants/acre, only full stand could get bumper crops.
Embodiment 11:
A kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata, include the following steps:
Step 1: selection of land site preparation: selection height above sea level is at 2000 meters or more, and preceding crop is gramineous crop, and soil layer is deep, draining is good
Good, the soil is porous fertile sand loam, and ploughed deeply, weeds are ploughed under into underground；
Step 2: seed selection and seed treatment: selection current year harvesting full seed, the seed without mildew, no disease and pests harm, and use water
Select method to carry out secondary selection, the seed after secondary seed selection be subjected to chemically chemicals treatment, and will treated seed yin to half
It is dry；
Step 3: sowing: using bunch planting or drilling；
Step 4: field management: including tillage and weeding, top dressing and ridging；
Step 5: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the prevention and treatment of prevention and treatment and chafer insect pest including aphid insect damage.
In step 1, selected plot is carried out after the Beginning of Winter to plough deeply 30cm, weeds is ploughed under into underground, March next year according to
It is secondary carry out it is secondary plough, flatten rake carefully, basal dressing, plough, rake three times, sprinkling insecticide, finally again by selected plot ridging,
The width of ridging is 100-120cm；
Base manure is well-rotted farmyard manure, per acre basal dressing 2000kg；
Insecticide be ground worm absolutely or phoxim, sprinkle insecticide 5kg per acre；
In step 2, wet cleaning process is screened using warm water soaking and stirring, chemically chemicals treatment using 1000 times of liquid carbendazim or
Smart first fludioxonil impregnates 24 hours；
In step 3, line-spacing 20cm is first pressed, ditch depth 3cm ditches to selected plot, seed is uniformly sprinkled into ditch, per acre
The weight of seed used is 2-3kg, earthing 3-5cm；
Sowing using sow in spring, sowed in early April, tillage and weeding include: emergence after first time weeding, seedling grow to 6-7
Second of weeding, the third time weeding of mid or late July current year when piece true leaf, next year are turned green four weeding of seedling when going out young leaves
With the 5th weeding of mid or late July next year；
Top dressing includes: the first time topdressing after second of weeding, second of top dressing after third time weeding, mid or late October current year
Third time top dressing, the 5th top dressing after the 4th top dressing and the 5th weeding after the 4th weeding；
The prevention and treatment of aphid insect damage uses the imidacloprid of 700-1000 times of liquid or dimethoate emulsion to carry out spraying treatment to blade；Chafer worm
Harmful prevention and treatment carries out spraying treatment to blade using the alphamethrin of 1000 times of liquid or carries out root irrigation to root；
Further include that thinning after planting is filled the gaps with seedlings: carrying out first time thinning in height of seedling 5cm, growing 3-5 piece true leaf in seedling is to carry out
Second of thinning；The extra young plant gone out is filled the gaps with seedlings to the place that is short of seedling when thinning.
After planting, second year plant can yield positive results, and when stalk is faded by blueness, pappus is close to scatter, seed
It is ripe, just the entire inflorescence band part carpopodium of strong strain, no disease and pests harm should be cut off by stages and in groups, wisp is bundled into and hangs upside down aeration-drying
Place, keeps involucre loose, gets seed, removes impurity, and gunnysack or cloth bag, wooden-box package are used after drying, is placed at aeration-drying.
After planting after second year December, after cauline leaf is withered and yellow with rake carry out excavation or with pears tractor greatly by its depth
It turns over, the root dug out wants frost prevention to beat, and avoids influencing quality, dig out after slightly dry, and eliminating cauline leaf soil cannot be washed with water, and is cut into short
Section, coarse person's vertical profile 2-4 block dry, hit net fibrous root, rough bark；Rainy weather, it is dry with barn a heatable brick bed, pay attention to hydrofuge, prevents temperature mistake
Height goes rancid, a heatable brick bed is withered；Well-ventilated should be kept frequently to turn over when solarization, pay attention to frost protection.
It is screened, is selected since sowing seed for the quality of Aplotaxis auriculata by the plantation that the above method carries out Aplotaxis auriculata
Full seed, no disease and pests harm seed are selected, after planting percentage of seedgermination is high, and robust plant disease resistance is stronger, with chemical agent pesticide
Fungicide carries out immersion treatment to seed, and yellow grass crow emergence rate after planting is high, and emergence is neat, and growing way is good, and seedling is healthy and strong, infection
The probability of pest and disease damage is small, and plant leaf is plump, leaf color is healthy, and plant is tall and big neat, and under ground portion growing way is preferable, and root item is coarse,
Main root is obvious, rare fork root, be conducive to superior resources save and breeding expand rapidly it is numerous.
For the disease resistance of enhancing Aplotaxis auriculata, selection current year harvesting full seed, the seed without mildew, no disease and pests harm are broadcast
Kind, seeds before seeding carries out physics and chemically handles, and carries out Screening Treatment to seed first, is impregnated with warm water, and stirring is cool,
The impurity and blighted grain that float above is removed in drift, is impregnated with the carbendazim or smart first fludioxonil of 1000 times of liquid, prior to seeding just by seed not
Full, the susceptible seed of the mildew that will not be germinateed is eliminated screening and is rejected, and greatly reduces seed due to the too poor easy sense of self-condition
The probability of disease, then immersion treatment is carried out to seed with chemical agent, susceptible germ is killed, sprouts and is provided reliably for seed sowing
Comfortable growing environment, to enhance disease resistance for plant strain growth.
It says that the seed of sowing is stronger to local climate adaptability from the angle for saving planting cost, emerges after plantation neat,
Robust plant, pest and disease damage are few, convenient for management, avoid bad needs of emerging after planting and reseed, reseed trouble, time-consuming, labour-consuming, increase
Add planting cost, if it is low not reseed per mu yield, virtually increases Cultivate administration cost, economic benefit is low, using above-mentioned plantation
After method is planted, peasant household is planted according to related implantation methods, and emergence is neatly conducive to field management after plantation, greatly
It is big to reduce farmer's planting cost.
It is talked from pest and disease damage generation this respect is reduced, selection current year harvesting full seed, the seed without mildew, no disease and pests harm
Sowing, seeds before seeding physics and chemically handle, and carbendazim or smart first fludioxonil immersion with 1000 times of liquid avoid
Seed in spite of illness, or easily caused during preservation pest and disease damage cross-infection a series of problems, such as.
It is increased by yield, for improving quality, screening presoaking and germinating processing is carried out to seed, seeding ratio is high, emergence
Neatly, robust plant no disease and pests harm reduces the pesticide cost generated in farmer's pest management and laxative cost of labor, is
Peasant household's increasing both production and income provides guarantee, avoids pesticide improper use in the generating process of pest and disease damage, causes the residual heavy metal of medicinal material agriculture
Etc. exceeded, subterranean pest-insect bite causes plant dead, and root is incomplete or deformity, and it is beautiful to influence medicinal material condition, leads to price drops,
Directly affect plantation economic benefit；Rational formula fertilising, the lignifying of excavation in medicinal material more common 3 years, cavity few 70%, effectively
Component content is higher than common plantation content, and sturdy point of root of root shape is few, has ensured farmer's medical material quanlity and yield, increases production for medicinal herb grower
It increases income and provides guarantee.
From the point of view of promoting economic message, be conducive to increase economic efficiency including, improve Aplotaxis auriculata medical material quanlity and yield obtains
Benefit is obtained, the benefit farmer for saving economy and labour's investment can plant situation according to itself, carry out using the implantation methods
Kind, can remove from due to emerge it is irregular caused by fill the gaps with seedlings working hour, 200 yuan/mu of cost, mitigate prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control expense 200
Member/mu；Sowing in spring, growth cycle is long in seedling stage compared with autumn sowing, can harvest medicinal material finished product within general 2 years, save 1 year implantation time and soil
Ground, 2000 yuan/mu of management cost.The implantation methods plant the more traditional plantation mu of Aplotaxis auriculata and increase production 150-300 kilograms of fresh medicine material, often
Mu increases the total 1500-3000 member of the output value, saves pesticide, 400 yuan of labour, increasing both production and income 1900-3400 member or so.
Although reference be made herein to invention has been described for multiple explanatory embodiments of the invention, however, it is to be understood that
Those skilled in the art can be designed that a lot of other modification and implementations, these modifications and implementations will fall in this Shen
It please be within disclosed scope and spirit.It more specifically, within the scope of the present disclosure and claims, can be to master
The building block and/or layout for inscribing composite configuration carry out a variety of variations and modifications.In addition to what is carried out to building block and/or layout
Outside modification and improvement, to those skilled in the art, other purposes also be will be apparent.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1: selection of land site preparation: selection height above sea level is at 2000 meters or more, and preceding crop is gramineous crop, and soil layer is deep, draining is good
Good, the soil is porous fertile sand loam, and ploughed deeply, weeds are ploughed under into underground；
Step 2: seed selection and seed treatment: selection current year harvesting full seed, the seed without mildew, no disease and pests harm, and use water
Select method to carry out secondary selection, the seed after secondary seed selection be subjected to chemically chemicals treatment, and will treated seed yin to half
It is dry；
Step 3: sowing: using bunch planting or drilling；
Step 4: field management: including tillage and weeding, top dressing and ridging；
Step 5: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the prevention and treatment of prevention and treatment and chafer insect pest including aphid insect damage.
2. a kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step 1, in the Beginning of Winter
Selected plot is carried out later to plough deeply 30cm, weeds are ploughed under into underground, successively carry out March next year it is secondary plough, flatten rake it is thin,
Basal dressing ploughs three times, rakes, sprinkling insecticide, and finally again by selected plot ridging, the width of ridging is 100-120cm.
3. a kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the base manure is decomposed farmers'
Fertilizer, per acre basal dressing 2000kg.
4. a kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the insecticide be ground worm absolutely or
Phoxim sprinkles insecticide 5kg per acre.
5. a kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step 2, wet cleaning process
It is screened using warm water soaking and stirring, chemically chemicals treatment uses the carbendazim of 1000 times of liquid or smart first fludioxonil to impregnate 24 small
When.
6. a kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step 3, first by row
Away from 20cm, ditch depth 3cm ditches to selected plot, and seed is uniformly sprinkled into ditch, and the weight of seed used is 2- per acre
3kg, earthing 3-5cm.
7. a kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sowing is using sowing in spring, 4
Month the first tenday period of a month are sowed, tillage and weeding include: second of weeding when first time weeding after emergence, seedling grow to 6-7 piece true leaf,
The third time weeding of mid or late July current year, next year turn green the 5th of four weeding and next year mid or late July of the seedling when going out young leaves
Secondary weeding.
8. a kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the top dressing includes: second
Second of top dressing after first time topdressing, third time weeding, the third time top dressing of mid or late October current year, the 4th time after weeding
The 5th top dressing after the 4th top dressing and the 5th weeding after weeding.
9. a kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the prevention and treatment of the aphid insect damage uses
The imidacloprid or dimethoate emulsion of 700-1000 times of liquid carry out spraying treatment to blade；The prevention and treatment of the chafer insect pest uses 1000
The alphamethrin of times liquid carries out spraying treatment to blade or carries out root irrigation to root.
10. a kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include thinning after planting
It fills the gaps with seedlings: carrying out first time thinning in height of seedling 5cm, growing 3-5 piece true leaf in seedling is to carry out second of thinning；
The extra young plant gone out is filled the gaps with seedlings to the place that is short of seedling when thinning.
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