CN104853699B - 用于矫形装置的嵌板附着件与周长调整*** - Google Patents

用于矫形装置的嵌板附着件与周长调整*** Download PDF

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CN104853699B
CN104853699B CN201380058897.7A CN201380058897A CN104853699B CN 104853699 B CN104853699 B CN 104853699B CN 201380058897 A CN201380058897 A CN 201380058897A CN 104853699 B CN104853699 B CN 104853699B
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阿尼·英吉慕达森
瓦尔盖尔·彼图森
比翁·欧玛森
哈利·杜安娜·罗摩
杰夫·尼密斯
史蒂芬·卡姆
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Abstract

一种脊柱矫形器包含后嵌板(36)，所述后嵌板以平坦脊柱曲率布置以产生针对所述脊柱的反向三点压力***。提供所述反向三点压力***经以缓解在脊椎的后侧上的压力，对某些适应症(例如脊柱狭窄)有益。提供各种布置以允许将所述后嵌板(36)固定到所述脊柱矫形器。所述脊柱矫形器包含腰带部件长度调整***，所述***包含：腰带部件(112、114)，其具有长度可缩小的端部；和腰带嵌板(122、124、150、152)，其适于固定到所述腰带部件(112、114)的长度缩小的所述端部以形成所述脊柱矫形器的至少部分的腰带周长。

Description

用于矫形装置的嵌板附着件与周长调整***
技术领域
本发明涉及用于矫形装置的嵌板及附着件***，且更确切地说，涉及刚性或半刚性嵌板与用于将所述嵌板附接到脊柱矫形器的***，以及用于减小腰带部件的长度的腰带周长***。
背景技术
脊柱矫形器或护腰带为经设计用于缓解疼痛、保护受伤韧带或肌肉及术后固定的矫形装置。脊柱矫形器经布置以在向脊椎旁肌肉组织施加均匀压力的同时缓解脊柱棘突中的压力，以确保舒适及有效的治疗。针对腰部支撑件的典型适应症包含脊柱狭窄、椎间盘突出、术后稳定、稳定及非移位性脊柱骨折、脊椎滑脱症、脊椎崩解症，以及退变性脊柱病症。
在图1至3中的已知脊柱矫形器(例如，2012年5月8日授权的美国专利8,172,779中所描述的示范性脊柱矫形器)中，所述脊柱矫形器具有外侧配置10A及内侧配置10B，其中所述内侧经布置为与穿戴者的背部相邻。所述矫形器具有第一腰带12及第二腰带124以及适于将压力施加到穿戴者背部的腰部区域上的压缩***16。压缩***16包含容许穿戴者调整背部上的压力的拉紧元件或拉绳18，以及在压缩***16上方延伸的罩盖20。
柔性或半刚性的背板22在压缩***16的至少一部分上方延伸，并经布置为与背部相邻。背板22包含用于刚性后嵌板26的后附着件***24或在背板22上居中的活板25，所述后附着件***包含连接在单个附接点处的单个挂钩和环圈(hook and loop)***。前嵌板可附接到一个腰带上的前附着件***29处的脊柱矫形器。
后嵌板提供增强的支撑以满足穿戴者的固定需求。由于固定需求可能随着治疗而变化，所以在需要额外支撑件或后嵌板的支撑过度以致不需要后嵌板的情况下，需要后嵌板为可卸除的。后嵌板可根据所需支撑的类型及级别与穿戴者的后嵌板应随着治疗过程变化的尺寸而具有不同形状。在图3的经描绘实施例中，后嵌板具有横向支撑件27。
如图3中所描绘，后嵌板26实质上比背板22大，并且按身体结构成形，以用于贴合背部轮廓。此实例的按身体结构成形的嵌板具有构建成为所述嵌板的轮廓的大约15度的前屈曲线。这样允许嵌板及脊柱矫形器应用产生针对脊柱的延伸力矩的三点压力***，其中两个力在前面且一个力在背部中心。
在示范性先前技术的脊柱矫形器中，已发现难以利用已知附着件***维持后嵌板相对于背板的旋转控制。调整***不允许对后嵌板的连接的可见调整，且其容易不良地调整后嵌板并且未有效地将后嵌板固定到脊柱矫形器。已知的后嵌板对于手术后使用是不合适的，尤其是在其并非为穿戴者定制的时如此。已知的嵌板缺乏避开穿戴者由于背部手术而导致的切开位置的手段。
发明内容
在本发明的实施例下，后嵌板以平坦脊柱曲率布置以在基本产生针对脊柱的弯曲力矩的先前技术后嵌板上方产生反向三点压力***。提供所述反向三点压力***以缓解在脊椎的后侧上的压力，对某些适应症(例如脊柱狭窄)有益。
在抵靠穿戴者的背部放置之前，嵌板可在围绕脊柱区域的屈曲或延伸屈曲并围绕横向支撑件(如果其提供在所述嵌板上)横向屈曲，在这个意义上来说，实施例是柔性的。当嵌板耦合到脊柱矫形器并抵靠穿戴者的腰部区域放置时，所述嵌板变为半刚性或刚性的。压缩***拉动嵌板牢固地抵靠背部，使所述嵌板符合穿戴者的身体结构，且由于压缩***施加的压力并由于嵌板被促使符合穿戴者身体结构而出现的圆柱形效果，嵌板变得对于穿戴者的背部为半刚性或刚性的。
在实施例的变化中，在后嵌板的脊柱区域周围提供开口以确保没有嵌板与穿戴者的切开位置或者沿着脊柱区域的另外的敏感区域接触的风险。
在实施例的另一变化中，后嵌板具备横向支撑件，以及在所述横向支撑件与主体部分之间具有***切口段。切口具有以下益处：在压缩期间为嵌板产生柔性以及刚化抵靠穿戴者的嵌板以适应不同体型。
附着件***可位于背板的罩盖上，这容许对脊柱矫形器上的后嵌板的更用户友好的固定及旋转控制。根据附着件***的实施例，背部嵌板的罩盖包含一对垂直狭缝以及对应的开口，所述开口允许固定到后嵌板的相对的绑带与所述罩盖耦合。因为绑带固定到罩盖，所以所述布置容许所述绑带完全可见，且提供两个附接点抑制了后嵌板相对于背部嵌板的旋转并提高了连接强度。
可类似地采用附着件***，以用于通过沿一个腰带部件提供附着件***以及对准前嵌板以使其主要面向穿戴者的腹部来将所述前嵌板附接到脊柱矫形器。在另一个实施例中，矫形装置包含腰带周长调整***，其容许脊柱矫形器的周长减小。脊柱矫形器包含背部单元和连接到背部嵌板并具有第一端部与第二端部的第一腰带部件与第二腰带部件。第一腰带部件与第二腰带部件中的每一者经布置为在第一端部与第二端部处的长度减小。第一腰带部件与第二腰带部件经形成为具有关于背部单元的周长的腰带。每一个腰带部件可包含腰带嵌板，所述腰带嵌板具有：相对区段，所述相对区段经布置用于耦合到第一腰带部件与第二腰带部件中的至少一者的第一端部与第二端部中的一者，以及前区段，所述前区段经布置用于耦合第一腰带部件与第二腰带部件中的一者。
背部单元可包含第一耳片及第二耳片，所述耳片各自定义第一端部和第二端部所延伸穿过的细长狭槽。至少一个腰带嵌板的前区段固定到腰带部件中其上固定有至少一个嵌板的相应一者的表面。至少一个腰带嵌板可经布置以在由腰带部件中的相应一者承载的同时延伸穿过细长狭槽。
在另一个变化中，腰带嵌板可固定到第一腰带部件的第一端部，且所述第一腰带部件的第二端部固定到背部单元。
附图说明
关于以下描述、所附权利要求书和附图，本发明的这些和其它特征、方面和优点将变得更好理解。
图1示出先前技术脊柱矫形器的外侧。
图2示出图1的先前技术脊柱矫形器的内侧。
图3是图1的先前技术脊柱矫形器的透视图，所述脊柱矫形器具有后嵌板并放置在穿戴者上。
图4示出后嵌板的实施例。
图5示出另一个后嵌板实施例。
图6示出具有横向支撑件的后嵌板实施例。
图7说明用于附着件***的绑带的外侧和内侧。
图8示出图6的具有图7中的绑带的后嵌板。
图9示出具有包含附着件***的部分的罩盖的背板。
图10示出图5的包含图7中的绑带的后嵌板。
图11为示出将后嵌板附着到背板的步骤的示意图。图12为示出将后嵌板附着到背板的步骤的另一示意图。
图13为示出将后嵌板附着到背板的步骤的又一示意图。
图14为示出绑带到罩盖的附着的可见性的示意图。
图15为示出利用旋转控制将背板附着到后嵌板的示意图。
图16为示出脊柱矫形器的另一实施例的示意图。
图17为示出图16的脊柱矫形器的详细示意图。
图18为示出图16的脊柱矫形器的腰带部分的附着的详细示意图。
图19为示出脊柱矫形器的另一实施例的示意图。
图20为图19的脊柱矫形器的腰带部分的尺寸调整的透视图。
图21为示出图19的脊柱矫形器的平面图。
附图未必按比例绘制，相反，所述附图经绘制以提供对组件的更好理解并且不意在进行范围限制而是提供示范性说明。
具体实施方式
所描述的嵌板实施例经配置以用作后嵌板以用于抵靠穿戴者的背部放置。然而，应谨记，所描述的相同概念和方法可类似地用于适合用于脊柱矫形器的前嵌板。
参照图4至图6，不同的后嵌板可用于脊柱矫形器。在抵靠穿戴者的背部放置之前，嵌板可在围绕脊柱区域的屈曲或延伸中屈曲并围绕横向支撑件(如果其提供在所述嵌板上)屈曲，在这个意义上来说，这些嵌板中的每一者优选地是柔性的。当嵌板耦合到脊柱矫形器并抵靠穿戴者的腰部区域放置时，所述嵌板变为半刚性或刚性的。压缩***拉动嵌板牢固地抵靠背部，使所述嵌板符合穿戴者的身体结构，且由于压缩***施加的压力并由于嵌板被促使符合穿戴者的身体结构而出现的圆柱形效果，嵌板变得对于穿戴者的背部为半刚性或刚性的。替代地，在与压缩***一起使用之前、期间及之后，嵌板可为全部刚性的或者完全柔性的。
图4示出具有至少一对附着条带30的扁平的柔性非横向后嵌板28。图5示出具有附着条带和横向支撑件的扁平的柔性横向后嵌板32。正如所描述的嵌板，每个嵌板可包含加衬罩盖，所述罩盖包括泡沫、纺织品或组合。罩盖72的实例部分地参考图11至14的示意图。
图6说明后嵌板36，其具有从主体部分52逐渐成锥形的顶部38、宽度大于所述顶部的底部40，以及从主体部分52横向延伸的横向支撑件42。嵌板36定义凹口44，所述凹口包含上部和下部并位于横向支撑件42与主体部分52之间。凹口44有助于嵌板围绕穿戴者的躯干的弯曲而不折衷嵌板36在与压缩***结合使用时的最终刚性。
嵌板36界定一细长中心开口46，在嵌板36的脊柱区域的周围提供所述开口，以确保没有嵌板与穿戴者的切开位置或者沿着脊柱区域的另外的敏感区域接触的风险。嵌板也部分地定义用以改善嵌板在由穿戴者佩戴时的透气的多个孔径。所述孔径还可改善嵌板围绕穿戴者的身体结构的弯曲。孔径结合横向支撑件以拱形配置布置的，所述拱形配置允许嵌板以身体结构友好的方式进行弯曲。嵌板36还定义经布置用于收纳绑带的至少两个垂直布置的狭缝48、50。
绑带可如图7的实施例中所示般配置。在此实施例中，绑带60具有钩表面68和可收纳钩的表面70。绑带60定义基底部分62，所述基底部分的宽度大于狭缝48、50以防止基底部分62穿过所述狭缝。绑带进一步定义为臂66，其经延伸穿过形成在基底部分62与臂66之间的通路64。
如图8中所描绘，臂66适于延伸穿过第一狭缝、穿过通路64及第二狭缝，以利用可固定到可收纳钩的表面70的钩表面68将绑带固定到嵌板。
参照图9，背板22的罩盖包含附着件***24。附着件***24包含可收纳钩的中心部分，其包含用于收纳单个先前技术绑带的一对横向延伸狭缝54，所述绑带用于将后嵌板附着到脊柱矫形器。附着件***24还包含一对垂直延伸狭缝56和横向延伸的可收纳钩的部分74，所述可收纳钩的部分通过中间部分与彼此间隔开并具有允许绑带延伸到狭缝56的开口76。横向延伸部分74经间隔开以适应具有如与图6的实施例中的细长垂直开口的嵌板实施例。
转向图10，图5的嵌板实施例包含图7的延伸穿过狭缝58、60的绑带60。
图11至图14描绘用于将图10的包含罩盖72和绑带60的后嵌板附着到图9的背板22的附着件***24的方法。根据图11中的第一步骤，绑带的臂66穿过横向延伸部分74的开口57。接下来，图12描绘被拉动穿过垂直延伸狭缝56的臂66。鉴于基底62充当锚固件，拉紧臂66并将臂66的钩表面紧紧地抵靠横向延伸部分74固定，所述横向延伸部分74具有钩可收纳表面以将钩及可收纳钩的材料啮合在一起。
图14将基底62的钩表面示出为同样沿横向延伸表面74延伸并同样防止绑带60从嵌板滑落。鉴于臂的横向延伸性质，将嵌板固定到背板的临床医生可查看如何将臂固定到背板，从而保证绑带得以恰当地固定和对准。鉴于绑带正处于侧面上，在为穿戴者装配脊柱矫形器时为临床医生提供较轻松的工作环境。将嵌板和背板旋转180度并将相对侧面上的绑带如图11至图14般固定。
图15描绘将后嵌板32固定到背板22的两个绑带如何防止嵌板相对于所述背板的旋转。鉴于附着件***来缓和或消除后嵌板的任何移动。挂钩和环圈连接仅在剪切中起作用，因为绑带基底产生将绑带保持在横向位置的锚固点并具有将绑带保持到后嵌板的力量。
转向图16至图18的实施例，脊柱矫形器110具有腰带部件长度调整***，其能够减小脊柱矫形器的腰带周长的周长。腰带周长(优选地包含压缩***116)包含第一腰带部分112和第二腰带部分114，其经布置为在穿戴者的前面彼此连接并在后侧上通过背部单元连接以形成腰带周长。
细长拉紧元件118从脊柱矫形器的第一侧和第二侧延伸，从而耦合到压缩***116，并且在第一腰带部分112和第二腰带部分114上固定到穿戴者的前面。把手128经固定到拉紧元件118的末端并可固定到第一腰带部分和第二腰带部分。罩盖120经提供以在压缩***116上方延伸。
腰带部分112、114中的每一者优选地在其后端处是长度可减小的，且在腰带部分112、114长度减小后，后端可固定到压缩***116。
腰带部分112、114的缩减端通过使腰带部分112、114的部分122穿过形成于压缩***116的板134上的狭槽132成环而附着到压缩***116。板134是在美国专利案8,172,779中的板上加以修改的，并且所述板承载多个减小元件136(例如滑轮或支柱)及至少一个线缆138。腰带部件112、114的长度可沿着多个位置140减小。位置140可通过定义不同长度的标记而在腰带部件112、114上识别。
部分122通过夹子或腰带嵌板附着到腰带部件112、114的外表面，所述夹子或腰带嵌板具有夹持到部分122的相对侧面上的夹持区段126、130和从夹持区段126、130延伸并可卸除地固定到腰带部件112、114的外表面的前区段124。夹持区段126、130优选地通过扣件(例如通过挂钩和环圈)啮合部分122，其中夹持区段126、130包含钩材料且腰带部分112、114的外表面和内表面包含可收纳钩的环圈(loop)材料。前区段128同样可包含钩材料并固定到腰带部件112、114的可收纳钩的表面。
部分122可在任一定向上穿过狭槽132成环，因此前区段128固定到腰带部件112、114的外表面或内表面。
图19至图21说明包含腰带部件长度调整***的另一实施例，其中脊柱矫形器包含可卸除地固定到腰带部件112、114的腰带嵌板150、152。在此实施例中，腰带部件的长度在前端164处减小，而非腰带部件112、114的长度在后端处减小。
腰带嵌板150、150具有固定到腰带部件112、114的相对侧面的夹持区段156、160，并在缝接或终止点154处终止，从而使前嵌板150、152的向前端158固定在由相对的腰带部件承载的相对的腰带嵌板上。夹持区段156、160可包含固定到腰带部件112、114的表面的扣件材料162。腰带部件112、114的部分可在前端164处缩减并通过切割或其它适当手段去除。前嵌板150、152可包含垫料或可用刚性、半刚性或柔性外壳强化。
虽然已描述及示出前述实施例，但可使这些实施例的替代和修改(例如由其它实施例所提出的替代和修改)属于本发明的范围。虽然已结合脊柱矫形器描述了矫形器，但将理解，所描述的原理可延伸到其它类型的矫形和假体装置。

Claims (8)

1.一种经布置用于至少在穿戴者的脊柱区域周围进行固定的脊柱矫形器，所述脊柱矫形器包含第一及第二腰带部件(12、14)，及连接到所述第一及第二腰带部件(12、14)的压缩***(16)、在所述压缩***的至少一部分上方延伸的罩盖(20)，所述脊柱矫形器的特征在于其包括：
后嵌板(36)，定义至少一个开口(48、50)；
至少一个绑带(60)，在所述至少一个开口(48、50)处啮合所述后嵌板；
其中所述至少一个绑带(60)固定到所述罩盖(20)和所述后嵌板(36)；
其中所述罩盖(20)定义一对垂直延伸的狭缝(56)，狭缝(56)通过中间部分彼此间隔开，且所述至少一个绑带(60)包括两个绑带，所述两个绑带延伸穿过狭缝(56)，所述后嵌板的所述至少一个开口包含两个垂直延伸的开口(48、50)，所述两个绑带(60)中的每一者连接到所述狭缝(56)和所述两个开口(48、50)中的相应一者；
其中所述两个绑带(60)中的每一者具有第一端和第二端，所述绑带的所述第一端固定到所述罩盖(20)且所述绑带(60)的所述第二端由所述后嵌板(36)保持，其中两个绑带(60)中的每一者定义基底部分(62)和臂(66)，所述基底部分(62)的宽度大于所述一对狭缝(56)，臂(66)配置成延伸穿过形成在基底部分(62)与臂(66)之间的通路(64)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的脊柱矫形器，其特征在于其进一步包括固定到所述压缩***(16)的背板(22)，所述罩盖(20)在所述背板(22)上方延伸。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的脊柱矫形器，其特征在于所述后嵌板(36)在抵靠穿戴者的背部放置之前是柔性的，所述后嵌板(36)在围绕所述穿戴者的脊柱区域的屈曲或延伸中为柔性的。
4.根据权利要求3所述的脊柱矫形器，其特征在于当所述后嵌板(36)抵靠所述穿戴者的脊柱区域布置时，所述后嵌板(36)经布置成为半刚性或刚性的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的脊柱矫形器，其特征在于所述压缩***(16)经布置以拉动所述后嵌板(36)牢固地抵靠穿戴者的脊柱区域并符合所述穿戴者的身体结构，所述后嵌板(36)经配置以由于所述压缩***(16)施加的压力而变得对穿戴者是半刚性或刚性的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的脊柱矫形器，其特征在于所述后嵌板(36)定义一细长开口(46)，所述细长开口大体上在所述后嵌板(36)的宽度处居中地定位并沿所述后嵌板(36)的高度纵向延伸。
7.根据权利要求1所述的脊柱矫形器，其特征在于所述后嵌板(36)定义在所述后嵌板的宽度方向上从相反侧面延伸的横向支撑件(42)，所述后嵌板(36)进一步包含在所述后嵌板(36)的中心部分与所述横向支撑件(42)之间的切口(44)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的脊柱矫形器，其中所述后嵌板(36)以平坦脊柱曲率布置以在脊柱区域内产生反向三点压力***。
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WO2014047105A1 (en) 2014-03-27
US10980657B2 (en) 2021-04-20
US20140081189A1 (en) 2014-03-20
US20180280183A1 (en) 2018-10-04
CN104853699A (zh) 2015-08-19
US11484428B2 (en) 2022-11-01
EP2897559A1 (en) 2015-07-29
US9872794B2 (en) 2018-01-23
US20180116856A1 (en) 2018-05-03
EP2897559B1 (en) 2019-03-06

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