CN104066938B - 可机械控制的气门传动装置 - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D65/00—Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
- B62D65/02—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components
- B62D65/10—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components the sub-units or components being engines, clutches or transmissions
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
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- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0021—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio
- F01L13/0026—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio by means of an eccentric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
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- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
- F16K31/52—Mechanical actuating means with crank, eccentric, or cam
- F16K31/524—Mechanical actuating means with crank, eccentric, or cam with a cam
- F16K31/52408—Mechanical actuating means with crank, eccentric, or cam with a cam comprising a lift valve
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/08—Shape of cams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/185—Overhead end-pivot rocking arms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
- F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
- F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
- F01L1/2405—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically by means of a hydraulic adjusting device located between the cylinder head and rocker arm
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
- F01L2013/0068—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot with an oscillating cam acting on the valve of the "BMW-Valvetronic" type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
- F01L2303/01—Tools for producing, mounting or adjusting, e.g. some part of the distribution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers
- F01L2305/02—Mounting of rollers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
- Y10T29/49231—I.C. [internal combustion] engine making
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于可机械控制的气门传动装置的中间传动杆装置,所述中间杆装置具有至少一个中间传动杆(66、67),所述中间杆具有用于与摇杆装置(56、57)形成有效连接的工作曲面(60、61),其中,设有通过支承轴(71)绕旋转轴可旋转地支承的作用机构(75),其中,这样设置器件,从而使至少一个作用机构(75)的切点在旋转角度α时形成不同于圆弧的弓形,其中设有固定件(72、74、76),所述固定件将所述作用机构(75)固定在确定的位置上。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于可机械控制的气门传动装置的中间杆装置,所述中间杆装置具有至少一个中间杆,所述中间杆具有与摇杆形成有效连接的工作曲面,其中,设有在支承轴上绕旋转轴可旋转地支承的作用机构。此外,本发明还涉及一种带有这种中间杆装置的传动装置以及一种可机械控制的气门传动装置。
长久以来,在内燃机领域中就已知这种装置。例如,文献DE 10 2006 033559 A1中和文献DE 10 2007 022 266 A1中描述了这种气门传动装置,所述气门传动装置具有与之相关的换气阀的可调整的行程高度。对此,在这两种气门传动装置中设有中间杆装置,所述中间杆装置一方面与凸轮轴形成连接,用以使换气阀产生周期性的运动,另一方面具有作用机构,通过所述作用机构能对最大或最小的可达到的行程高度进行调整。然而,所有这些气门传动装置都具有这样的缺点,即由于制备公差,在制备和随后的组装完成之后,所述气门传动装置不具有恰如预期的气门行程。在要求所有气门和气缸的气门行程相同的情况下,尤其当气门行程较小时则会导致不理想的发动机工作特性。
由此,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,提供一种用于机械可控制的气门传动装置的中间杆装置,从而能克服上述缺点。
所述技术问题是通过这样设置器件或手段来解决的,即至少一个作用机构的切点(Umfangspunkt;亦即周向作用点)在旋转角度α时形成不同于圆弧的弓形,其中设有固定件,所述固定件将作用机构固定在确定的位置上。通过根据本发明的这种中间杆装置的设计,能够对气门传动装置不仅在预装状态下而且在组装到机动车中的状态下以简单的方式对行程高度进行调整。制备公差或制备误差甚至磨损现象都能基于所期望的行程高度以这种方式进行抵消。
在此可以这样设计所述器件或手段,即所述作用机构具有凸轮。在特别有利的实施方式中,所述器件或手段被这样设计,即设有作用机构的偏心支承装置,其中,所述作用机构被设计为圆形的。这种实施方式尤其提供了这样的优点,即所述作用机构能以简单的方式通过大批量生产被制备。
固定件通过有利的方式由与支承轴的第一端部协同作用或相对应的弹簧件所构成,通过所述弹簧件可将支承轴固定在确定的转动位置上。对分步式的准确调整来说有利的是,所述支承轴在第二端部上具有第一齿轮,所述第一齿轮与支承轴的支承区域中的第二齿轮协同作用或相对应。
中间杆装置的特别有利的实施方式在于,中间杆通过在相对于工作曲面反向设置的端部上的连接轴而相互连接,其中,在所述中间杆上设有用于凸轮轴的动力传导的第一滚子,而在所述中间杆之间设有第二滚子,以用于在滑槽中导引。
此外,本发明的技术问题还通过带有这种中间杆装置的传动装置所解决,其中设有摇杆装置,所述摇杆装置与中间杆装置形成有效连接,其中,每个中间杆与摇杆协同作用或相对应。
此外,本发明的技术问题还通过可机械控制的气门传动装置所解决,所述气门传动装置带有多个并排布置的换气阀,所述换气阀配属于相应的气缸,其中,两个换气阀配属于一个传动装置,其中,每个传动装置借助支承装置可移动地支承在气缸盖上,其中,每个传动装置与各自的气门行程调整装置和凸轮轴形成有效连接,其中,每个气门行程调整装置具有带有偏心机构的可旋转的调整机构,所述偏心机构抵抗弹簧机构的预紧力地作用在传动装置的作用机构上。
以下借助附图对本发明进行更详尽的阐述。在附图中:
图1示出了根据本发明的气门传动装置的立体图;
图2示出了根据本本发明的中间杆装置的实施方式的立体图;
图3示出了图2中中间杆装置的剖视图。
图1示出了根据本发明的气门传动装置10的实施方式,该气门传动装置带有多个并排布置的换气阀12、14、16、18、20、22、24和26。在此情况下,每两个输入换气阀(或者说进气阀)配属于内燃机的一个气缸。在此情况下,可机械控制的气门传动装置10具有四个传动装置29、31、33和35,每两个换气阀12、14;16、18;20、22;24、26分别配属于各自的所述传动装置。在此,所述传动装置29、31、33和35以已知的方式借助支承装置支承在气缸盖上。在此处的图1中仅示例性地示出了用于支承传动装置35的摇杆56的支承装置36、38。此外,所述传动装置29、31、33和35以已知的方式与凸轮40形成有效连接。此外,每个传动装置29、31、33和35通过气门行程调整装置41的调整机构42、43、44、45、46、47和48、49能够被如此调整,从而能对进气阀(或者说换气阀)12、14;16、18;20、22;24、26的较低或较高的气门行程进行调整。在该实施例中,所述调整机构42、43、44、45、46、47和48、49分别配属于进气阀12、14;16、18;20、22;24、26,并且被设计为偏心机构,所述偏心机构设在偏心轴50上,并作用在作用机构75上。在该实施例中,所述偏心轴50通过传动机构52以已知方式被驱动。当然也可以为每个传动装置配置单独一个换气阀。既能向前运行又能向后运行的旋转传动装置可以被用作为传动机构52。所述偏心轴50由此可以被这样驱动,使得根据当前位置通过采用相应的偏心机构而迅速且准确地选择与下一运行状态相应的气门行程。由此甚至可以实现大于>360°的旋转角。
在该实施例中,设有用于所述换气阀24和26的传动装置35。在此,所述传动装置35由中间杆装置58和两个摇杆装置54和56组成,其中,所述中间杆装置58通过工作曲面与摇杆装置54和56形成有效连接,并且其中,所述摇杆装置56利用端面作用在换气阀26上,并且所述中间杆装置58与气门行程调整装置41和凸轮轴40形成有效连接。在此,所述气门行程调整装置41的调整机构49克服弹簧55的预紧力作用在中间杆装置58未详细示出的作用机构(例如滚子,见图2)上。所述中间杆装置58利用未在图1中详细示出的工作曲面60、61作用在摇杆装置54、56上。
在图2中则更详细地示出了根据本发明的中间杆装置58。在相对于工作曲面60、61对置的一侧布置有第一滚子62、63,中间杆装置58借助所述第一滚子与凸轮轴40以已知的方式形成有效连接。所述第一滚子62、63另一方面又支承在连接轴64上,所述连接轴将两个相邻的中间杆66、67相互连接,其中,在所述第一滚子62、63之间还在所述轴64上布置有第二滚子68,所述第二滚子被用作导向滚子,并支承在滑槽70(见图1)中。关于这种传动装置的功能和工作原理方面可以详细参阅德文公开文本DE 10 140 635 A1。需要说明的是,中间杆装置58也可以仅具有一个中间杆,其中,与工作曲面对置的滚子既与凸轮轴40形成有效连接,也确保在滑槽70中的导引。
在该实施例中,所述中间杆装置58具有两个中间杆66、67,并且相应地通过两个工作曲面60、61与两个未详细示出的摇杆形成有效连接。尤其在气门行程较小的情况下,应该确保每个换气阀的气门行程相互一致。为此则在该实施例中规定,作为滚子75形式的作用机构借助支承轴71这样偏心地被支承,使得滚子62、63的切点在旋转角度α的情况下形成不同于圆弧的弓形。在该实施例中,固定件由与支承轴71的第一端部协同作用的弹簧件72构成,支承轴71能通过所述弹簧件被固定在确定的旋转位置上。此外,所述支承轴71在第二端部具有第一齿轮74,所述第一齿轮与支承轴的支承区域内的第二齿轮76协同作用。通过对支承轴进行简单的旋转,在运行状态下或甚至在预装配过程中都能对所属换气阀的气门行程进行调整,并能以这种方式消除制备误差或甚至磨损现象。
图3示出了图2所示的中间杆66的剖视图。被设计为滚子的作用机构75在此借助滚针轴承78可旋转地支承在支承轴71上。所述支承轴71关于所述中间杆66的转动轴具有偏心率e,从而在旋转角度α时得到不同于圆弧的弓形形状。此处,为了在已装配状态下进行旋转而在支承轴71中设有槽口80,工具可以伸进所述槽口中,用以克服弹簧72的弹簧力而松开齿轮74、76的形状配合的连接,并且由此实现对支承轴71的旋转。
通过所示实施方式,在调整气门行程高度时得到最大程度的灵活度。然而应该明确的是,在中间杆装置的这种实施方式中,为此还可以仅设计一个中间杆,从而这样设置器件或手段,以至于作用机构的切点在旋转角度α时描绘出不同于圆弧的弓形。当然也可以设想,所述作用机构被中心对准地支承,其中,所述作用机构本身不被设计为圆形的,而是具有例如一个或多个凸轮。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于可机械控制的气门传动装置的中间杆装置,所述中间杆装置具有至少一个中间杆(66、67),所述中间杆具有用于与摇杆装置(56、57)形成有效连接的工作曲面(60、61),其中,设有通过支承轴(71)绕旋转轴可旋转地支承的作用机构(75),其特征在于,设置所述作用机构(75)的偏心支承装置,其中,所述作用机构(75)被设计为圆形,其中设有固定件(72、74、76),所述固定件将所述支承轴(71)固定在确定的位置上,其中,所述固定件由与所述支承轴(71)的第一端部协同作用的弹簧件(72)构成,通过所述弹簧件能将支承轴(71)轴向压紧,其中,所述支承轴(71)在第二端部上具有第一齿轮(74),所述第一齿轮与在所述支承轴(71)的支承区域中的第二齿轮(76)协同作用,并且通过所述第二齿轮能够将所述支承轴(71)固定在确定的旋转位置上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中间杆装置,其特征在于,所述中间杆(66、67)通过在相对于所述工作曲面(60、61)反向设置的端部上的连接轴而相互连接,其中设有第一滚子(62、63),用于凸轮轴(40)向所述中间杆(66、67)的力传导,并且在所述中间杆(66、67)之间设有第二滚子(68),用于在滑槽(70)中的导引。
3.一种具有根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的中间杆装置的传动装置,其特征在于,设有摇杆装置(56),所述摇杆装置与所述中间杆装置(58)形成有效连接,其中,每个中间杆(66、67)与摇杆协同作用。
4.一种可机械控制的气门传动装置(10),所述气门传动装置具有多个并排布置的换气阀(12、14、16、18、20、22、24、26),所述换气阀配属于相应的气缸,其中,每两个换气阀(12、14;16、18;20、22;24、26)配属于一个根据权利要求3所述的传动装置(29、31、33、35),其特征在于,每个传动装置(29、31、33、35)借助支承装置(36、38)可活动地支承在气缸盖上,其中,每个传动装置(29、31、33、35)分别与气门行程调整装置(41)和凸轮轴(40)形成有效连接,其中,每个气门行程调整装置(41)具有带有偏心机构的可旋转的调整机构(42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49),所述偏心机构克服弹簧机构(55)的预紧力地作用在所述传动装置(29、31、33、35)的所述作用机构上。
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CN201280067191.2A Pending CN104053869A (zh) | 2012-01-30 | 2012-12-04 | 用于机械可控气门传动装置的气门升程调节装置以及用于调准中间杠杆的方法 |
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WO2017220813A1 (en) | 2016-06-25 | 2017-12-28 | Eaton Srl | Valve train assembly |
KR102356897B1 (ko) * | 2017-11-10 | 2022-02-08 | 자콥스 비히클 시스템즈, 인코포레이티드. | 로스트 모션 엔진 시스템에서의 래시 조정 |
CN111788369B (zh) * | 2017-12-04 | 2022-08-05 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | 具有偏置构型的引擎制动摇臂 |
JP2020033872A (ja) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-05 | 株式会社オティックス | 内燃機関の可変動弁機構 |
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EP2809894A1 (de) | 2014-12-10 |
US20150108383A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
WO2013113429A1 (de) | 2013-08-08 |
BR112014018046A8 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
US9145798B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 |
ES2554458T3 (es) | 2015-12-21 |
CN104066938A (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
JP2015509163A (ja) | 2015-03-26 |
US20140338622A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
DE102012001633A1 (de) | 2013-08-01 |
EP2809893B1 (de) | 2015-11-04 |
EP2809894B1 (de) | 2016-03-23 |
JP6038182B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
JP2015505590A (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
WO2013113425A1 (de) | 2013-08-08 |
CN104053869A (zh) | 2014-09-17 |
EP2809893A1 (de) | 2014-12-10 |
BR112014018046A2 (zh) | 2017-06-20 |
ES2572512T3 (es) | 2016-05-31 |
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