CN102440154A - Method for regulating and controlling blooming period of peach blossoms - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling blooming period of peach blossoms Download PDFInfo
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- CN102440154A CN102440154A CN2011102896180A CN201110289618A CN102440154A CN 102440154 A CN102440154 A CN 102440154A CN 2011102896180 A CN2011102896180 A CN 2011102896180A CN 201110289618 A CN201110289618 A CN 201110289618A CN 102440154 A CN102440154 A CN 102440154A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling the blooming period, in particular to a method for regulating and controlling the blooming period of peach blossoms. The method comprises the steps of peach blossom bud differentiation habit; measures for promoting peach blossom bud differentiation; bud development control; and medicament transaction. The peach blossom bud differentiation habit comprises a physical differentiation period, a morphodifferentiation period, a dormant period and a sexual cell forming period. The invention breaks natural dormancy of ornamental peach blossoms through a chemical method, and is combined with technical measures of facility cultivation so as to regulate and control the blooming period of ornamental peach blossoms, and provide red multi-petalled ornamental peach blossoms during the spring festival to meet the urgent needs of present markets.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the regulate and control method at florescence, be specifically related to a kind of method of regulating and control the peach blossom florescence.
Background technology:
Peach blossom is easy to cultivation, it is in great numbers to bloom, pattern is gorgeous, the flower attitude is unique.Along with the fast development of sight-seeing agriculture, view and admire peach blossom as the emerging industry of flowers and plants, have value of exploiting and utilizing.Domestic at present, International Flower market, the redness, the polyphyll ornamental peaches flower variety that all lack low chilling requirement went on the market during the Spring Festival.Like this, florescence control and the breeding of new variety of viewing and admiring peach blossom also just become a key point of dealing with problems.
Mainly be to adopt some cultivation management measures to regulate to view and admire the peach blossom florescence in producing at present, thereby regulating effect is very limited.There is the problem that percentage of fertile fruit is low or pollen is unstable in many in addition peach blossom variety sources with merit.
The length of natural dormancy is again the restriction florescence critical limitation factor sooner or later.Therefore how regulating and control to view and admire the process of peach blossom natural dormancy, is the effective method of present regulation florescence.And the flower bud differentiation prerequisite that to be ornamental plants bloom, in artificial cultivation process, the manager will take multiple measure to impel plant in the time of expection, to break up bud usually, finally reaches the purpose of blooming control.Therefore, how promoting or suppress flower bud differentiation also is to view and admire one of key problem of peach blossom florescence control.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of regulating and control the peach blossom florescence; It utilizes chemical method to break to view and admire the peach blossom natural dormancy and combines the technical measures of facility cultivation; Regulation and control are viewed and admired the peach blossom florescence; Provide redness, polyphyll to view and admire peach blossom and during the Spring Festival, go on the market, to satisfy the active demand of existing market.
In order to solve the existing problem of background technology, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: its regulate and control method is: 1, the habit of peach bud differentiation, 2, the measure of short flower bud differentiation, 3, the control flower bud development, 4, chemicals treatment.
The habit of described peach bud differentiation is: physiological differentiation stage, form idiophase, resting stage and sexual cell form the phase.
The process of blooming of peach is: forming bud, growing is bud, bud expands and opening.It should be noted that before blooming peach must be satisfied the athermobiosis of certain hour.The method that control peach blossom flower bud grows in the production has a lot, and the most frequently used is Temperature Treatment.Through the athermobiosis time of manual method change peach, open with the high temperature induction peach then at special time.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: the technical measures of utilizing chemical method to break to view and admire the peach blossom natural dormancy and combine facility cultivation; Regulation and control are viewed and admired the peach blossom florescence; Provide redness, polyphyll to view and admire peach blossom and during the Spring Festival, go on the market, to satisfy the active demand of existing market.
Embodiment:
This embodiment adopts following technical scheme: its regulate and control method is: 1, the habit of peach bud differentiation, 2, the measure of short flower bud differentiation, 3, the control flower bud development, 4, chemicals treatment.
The habit of described peach bud differentiation is: physiological differentiation stage, form idiophase, resting stage and sexual cell form the phase.
Generally speaking, differentiation finishes at the beginning of 3 months next year.Variant at the different condition end.When temperature is suitable, flower bud differentiation earlier, otherwise flower bud differentiation is late; Fruit spur differentiation earlier, long fruit branch more a little later, the excessive growth fruit branch breaks up the latest; Young sprout forms early, the differentiation of robust growth earlier, young sprout forms late, the differentiation evening that growing way is weak; The kind early of blooming is broken up earlier; Bearing tree is more Zao than tree differentiation childhood; The weak differentiation of the strong ratio tree vigo(u)r of tree vigo(u)r is Zao.Hence one can see that, strengthens the daily management of peach in the production, and differentiation has facilitation to peach bud.
The measure of described short flower bud differentiation divides 2 points: 1, pruning is pruned, bounces back, is drawn branch off, turns round and hinder measures such as phloem at the tip, pinching and quarter, can control tree vigo(u)r, promotes flower bud differentiation.Prune overstocked branch off, vertical branch can increase the inner permeability of tree crown, avoids excessive growth; Draw branch, turn round the tip, the prosperous length of pinching controlled young sprout, increase nutrient accumulation; Hinder phloem quarter, can reduce nutrient at flower bud differentiation period like girdling, band girdle etc. and transport downwards, make branch increase nutrient accumulation, promote flower bud differentiation.2, regulation and control rich water promotes flower bud differentiation to get into the flower bud differentiation after date in peach, should control and water, and control plant growing way can effectively be avoided young sprout excessive growth.After autumn, most of young sprout stopped growing, but increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer like superphosphate, potassium chloride etc., can make young sprout enrich.If be aided with the foliage spray better effects if same period, spray the blade face like 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 time weekly, connect and spray 3～5 times.
Described control flower bud development is divided into 4 points: after 1, the athermobiosis athermobiosis was the peach fallen leaves, the time of stablizing through 7.2 ℃ with temperature was starting point, breaks necessary 0～7.2 ℃ of natural dormancy (not comprising 0 ℃) low temperature accumulative hours, also is chilling requirement.It is one of peach requirement of normally blooming, and also is the key factor of regulation florescence.After the peach bud differentiation is accomplished, have only through athermobiosis, high temperature stimulates just can bloom.Otherwise even the required temperature condition of blooming is provided, can not bloom.At present, China's peach kind chilling requirement focused mostly between 750～950 hours, chilling requirement 400～650 hours kind middle low temperature kind, chilling requirement in the kind below 400 hours short low temperature kind.Come regulation florescence through changing the peach athermobiosis more than in the production, what need bloom in advance can shift to an earlier date breaking dormancy, and what the need postponement was bloomed can prolong its dormancy.2, the high temperature induction peach is to the very sensitive plant of high temperature induction, to satisfying the peach of athermobiosis, as long as give the certain high temperature condition, just can bloom easily, does not need other measure basically; 3, forcing culture will be accomplished the peach of athermobiosis, before requiring flowering time, put into the greenhouse in 45～50 days to heat gradually.8～15 ℃ of initial stages, minimum 0～5 ℃, the highest 25～28 ℃.After one week, daytime, room temperature remained on 10～25 ℃, was not less than 5 ℃ night, 15～20 ℃ of ground temperature.Making sure to keep in mind to heat up can not be too urgent, otherwise leaf bud, bud sprout synchronously, influences appreciation effect.In temperature-rise period, will keep the moistening of bud and branch, will spray water 3～4 times every day phase of heating to branch, and purpose is the scale of softening bud, impels bud to sprout.The phase plant of heating should fully be accepted solar radiation, and when particularly bud begins to tell look, otherwise pattern is bright-coloured inadequately.Admiring the beauty of flowers the Spring Festival often begins to heat mid-December, under natural conditions, can not can pass through the artificial measures through the kind of athermobiosis, makes it force to get into resting stage, carries out the low temperature accumulation in advance.Treatment measures were carried out at the normal fallen leaves of local peach usually in preceding about 10 days, were example with the area, Zhengzhou, in 9～October, to peach control water priming leaf, setting in the body immigration low-temperature cold store under the drought condition relatively, cooled to 0～2 ℃ gradually.Initial stage should be strengthened day and night temperature, induces it to get into dormancy; 4, postpone the way late blooming that cultivation utilization prolongs resting stage.Generally, the peach that is in dormancy is put in the low-temperature cold store, keeps 0～2 ℃ in mid-February.When if the resting period is longer, but discontinuity gives 4～6 ℃ to give the accent Ji, makes sleeping bud that activity arranged slightly, is not in the state of stopping action fully, keeps basin soil semi-wet.3～4 all outbounds a few days ago of blooming at needs.Must be put under the cool canopy after the outbound, temperature is raise gradually, on branch, spray water every day 3～4 times, with cooling moisture-retaining.When bud is told look, accept sunlight gradually, " 11 ", " May Day ", New Year's Day need be spent and use the method more.But " 11 ", New Year's Day is with flower, and peach needed in freezer forced dormancy 8～9 months, and the time is long, management difficulty is big, and is careless slightly, bud, deadwood even death can occur hindering.So it is many in the practical application with " May Day " use Hua Weizhu.
The process of blooming of peach is: forming bud, growing is bud, bud expands and opening.It should be noted that before blooming peach must be satisfied the athermobiosis of certain hour.The method that control peach blossom flower bud grows in the production has a lot, and the most frequently used is Temperature Treatment.Through the athermobiosis time of manual method change peach, open with the high temperature induction peach then at special time.
Described chemicals treatment is divided into 4 points: the peach athermobiosis was not enough during 1, breaking dormancy was produced, and in the time of can't normally blooming, thiourea commonly used, calcium cyanamide, the basic element of cell division etc. replace the low temperature breaking dormancy.2, control prosperous length, promote flower bud differentiation long during to about 10cm when the young sprout of peach, interval 10 days is even sprayed 2 times on the chlormequat sprinkling blade face of available 1000～1500mg/kg.Can obviously suppress the prosperous length of young sprout.3, promote to bloom and sprout when undesirable when the peach blossom flower bud, drip the cotton balls that wets with 500～1000mg/kg gibberellin every day and be entangled on the peach branch bud, can sprout in general 4～7 days.After 7 days, also have the not reaction of part bud, available 100mg/kg Gibberellins solution spot printing bud can make and bloom neatly, discontinues medication after the buds of flowers are blooming.4, prevent fallen flowers, prolong viewing period commonly used be plant growth promoter.Like methyl, the peach flower bud phase with 50mg/kg solution spraying decoration flower bud stalk portion, obviously kind of blooming period prolonging.
The technical measures of facility cultivation are utilized chemical method to break to view and admire the peach blossom natural dormancy and combined to this embodiment, and regulation and control are viewed and admired the peach blossom florescence, provides red, polyphyll to view and admire peach blossom and during the Spring Festival, go on the market, to satisfy the active demand of existing market.
Claims (1)
1. method of regulating and control the peach blossom florescence is characterized in that its regulate and control method is: 1, the habit of peach bud differentiation, 2, the measure of short flower bud differentiation, 3, the control flower bud development, 4, chemicals treatment.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103598054A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-02-26 | 王燕 | Method for adjusting flowering phase of ornamental peach blossom |
| CN103609318A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-05 | 河南师范大学 | Method for regulating chrysanthemum flowering phase |
| CN104429783A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2015-03-25 | 廊坊市农林科学院 | Chilling-free cultivating method of peaches in greenhouse |
| CN105432395A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-03-30 | 孙继泉 | Delayed cultivation and fresh-keeping method of extremely late-maturing wild peach variety |
| CN105684721A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-06-22 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for adjusting and controlling florescence of chia |
| CN105850626A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 镇远县醉美果业有限公司 | Flowering-phase management method for honey peaches |
| CN106105746A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-11-16 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of azalea control branch flower promoting method |
| CN106538259A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-29 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of method of winter jasmine Flos persicae florescence control |
| CN108207473A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-29 | 和县万源生态种养殖家庭农场 | A kind of method for planting of manual control rest period peach |
| CN108925345A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-04 | 普定县林业技术推广站 | A kind of cultural method extending peach flowering fruit bearing stage |
| CN109178537A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-11 | 湖州常华苗木有限公司 | A kind of flowers transport device |
| CN110583289A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-20 | 西南大学 | Regulating and controlling method for wintersweet flower period |
| CN111869491A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-03 | 河曲县丰禾生态农业开发有限公司 | Planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facility-planted yellow-fleshed nectarine tree |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103609318A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-05 | 河南师范大学 | Method for regulating chrysanthemum flowering phase |
| CN103598054B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-04-15 | 王燕 | Method for adjusting flowering phase of ornamental peach blossom |
| CN103598054A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-02-26 | 王燕 | Method for adjusting flowering phase of ornamental peach blossom |
| CN104429783B (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2019-05-03 | 廊坊市农林科学院 | A kind of facility peach is not necessarily to cold cultural method |
| CN104429783A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2015-03-25 | 廊坊市农林科学院 | Chilling-free cultivating method of peaches in greenhouse |
| CN105432395A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-03-30 | 孙继泉 | Delayed cultivation and fresh-keeping method of extremely late-maturing wild peach variety |
| CN105432395B (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2020-02-21 | 孙继泉 | Delayed cultivation and fresh-keeping method for extremely late-maturing wild peach variety |
| CN105850626A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 镇远县醉美果业有限公司 | Flowering-phase management method for honey peaches |
| CN105684721A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-06-22 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for adjusting and controlling florescence of chia |
| CN106105746A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-11-16 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of azalea control branch flower promoting method |
| CN106538259A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-29 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of method of winter jasmine Flos persicae florescence control |
| CN108207473A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-29 | 和县万源生态种养殖家庭农场 | A kind of method for planting of manual control rest period peach |
| CN108925345A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-04 | 普定县林业技术推广站 | A kind of cultural method extending peach flowering fruit bearing stage |
| CN109178537A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-11 | 湖州常华苗木有限公司 | A kind of flowers transport device |
| CN110583289A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-20 | 西南大学 | Regulating and controlling method for wintersweet flower period |
| CN111869491A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-03 | 河曲县丰禾生态农业开发有限公司 | Planting method for promoting flower bud differentiation of facility-planted yellow-fleshed nectarine tree |
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Application publication date: 20120509 |