CN103650872A - Technology method for anti-season blooming of chrysanthemums - Google Patents
Technology method for anti-season blooming of chrysanthemums Download PDFInfo
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- CN103650872A CN103650872A CN201310661235.0A CN201310661235A CN103650872A CN 103650872 A CN103650872 A CN 103650872A CN 201310661235 A CN201310661235 A CN 201310661235A CN 103650872 A CN103650872 A CN 103650872A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a technology method for anti-season blooming of chrysanthemums. The method includes the steps of long-day treatment, short-day treatment, low-temperature storage and hormone spraying. Evening flower varieties which are good in flower bud differentiation at low temperature or varieties which are short in growth period, short in flower bud differentiation induction day, multiple in petal and short in plant height are selected, and lighting processing is carried out in mid-September or late September before flower bud differentiation; after the chrysanthemums bloom in late October or early November, the chrysanthemums are moved into a cellar which keeps at a low temperature of 0-5 DEG C, the air humidity keeps at 90%, the chrysanthemums are moved to another greenhouse before October 25th and the temperature of 3-8 DEG C is kept, gibberellin or maleic hydrazide is sprayed once a week to replace low-temperature processing, spraying is carried out for 2-3 weeks until more than 40 days before the spring festival, and temperature is raised for blooming in the spring festival. By the adoption of the technical scheme, colorful chrysanthemums can be cultivated in any season, the ornamental requirement for the chrysanthemums of people is met, and the method makes a contribution to flower business in China.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, the technical method that particularly chrysanthemum out-of-season is bloomed.
Background technology
Chrysanthemum is composite family Chrysanthemum, perennial root herbage flower.China's cultivation history of existing more than 3000 year, well-known, chrysanthemum can be divided into spring chrysanthemum, Xia Ju, Qiu Ju, cold chrysanthemum according to the nature florescence.The chrysanthemum phase in spring is that late May is to July; The chrysanthemum phase in autumn is that mid-October is to late November; The cold chrysanthemum phase is January in early December to next year.Like this, in flower nursery, February, March, August, September, the 10 monthly chrysanthemums that lose, especially National Day and the Spring Festival cannot view and admire chrysanthemum.Particularly name chrysanthemum, generally all blooms in the fall, wants to watch a chrysanthemum in other seasons more difficult.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the technical method that a kind of chrysanthemum out-of-season is bloomed, and makes can watch chrysanthemum in any season.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the technical method that a kind of chrysanthemum out-of-season is bloomed, comprises four processing: long-day processing, short-day processing, low temperature storage, spray hormone,
Long-day processes: select the good late flowering variety of flower bud differentiation under low temperature or the kind that vegetative period is short, flower bud differentiation induction number of days is short, petal is numerous, plant is shorter, before carrying out flower bud differentiation mid-September, the last ten-days period, adopt and add light processing, add between the light time and can determine according to flower bud differentiation time and florescence, generally stop irradiation and can bloom about 60 days;
Short-day is processed: select early blossoming or middle flower variety, in season in late fall get 5-10 centimeter length tenderly plant that cuttage is cultivated or cultivated opening the select good strains in the field for seed strong bud that minister goes out of keeping on file of colored basin autumn, when arriving in late autumn and winter, it should be moved into indoor wintering in time cold-proof, and be placed on a side of illumination abundance, meet long-day demand plant is reach a certain height, during 35 centimetres of general plant heights, need shading treatment;
Low temperature storage method: when chrysanthemum is after blooming at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 month, moved into and in cellar, kept 0-5 degree Celsius of low temperature, air humidity remains on 90%, notices that during this period basin soil is standard with " can hold agglomerating, to unclamp loose ", take Insulation evening, and will ventilate, maintain this state to also having about 45 days apart from the Spring Festival, if now day temperature is at 20-25 degree Celsius always, nocturnal temperature is at 16-18 degree Celsius
Spray hormone: chrysanthemum is moved in another greenhouse before the October 25, maintain the temperature at 3-8 degree Celsius, spray weekly gibberellin or maleic hydrazide and replace low temperature treatment, spray 2-3 week, being sprayed onto the temperature that raises when also have more than 40 day the Spring Festival can be for blooming the Spring Festival.
Further, during described long-day processing, light application time is 14.5 hours, along with the shortening of sunshine duration on daytime, extends and adds between the light time, as added light October 3 hours, adds light November 4 hours, adds light December 5 hours.
Further, described in spray hormone during, before flower bud differentiation period, with NAA50ppm, process, 3 days once for carrying out 50 days, can late blooming 10-14 days, the flowering time of also can breaking the normal procedure.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are: owing to adopting technique scheme, can cultivate motley chrysanthemum in any season, meet the view and admire demand of people to chrysanthemum, for the flowers cause of China is made a contribution.
Embodiment
Long-day processes: select the good late flowering variety of flower bud differentiation under low temperature or the kind that vegetative period is short, flower bud differentiation induction number of days is short, petal is numerous, plant is shorter, as the kind of autumn chrysanthemum, cold chrysanthemum.In bud cutting mid-July, for flower in the Spring Festival.The two adopts before carrying out flower bud differentiation mid-September, the last ten-days period respectively and adds light processing, add between the light time and can determine according to flower bud differentiation time and florescence, generally stop irradiation and can bloom about 60 days, if New Year's Day is with flower, just must keep the long-day to late October.
During processing, light application time is 14.5 hours, along with the shortening of sunshine duration on daytime, extends and adds between the light time, as added light October 3 hours, adds light November 4 hours, adds light December 5 hours.Processing method is after 17:00 every day, puts down the artificial light filling of straw mat and processes, and the standard that adds light is: every square metre with 60 watts of bulbs, also can the every 10-15 square metre of electricity-saving lamp of installing one 40 watts, and light is apart from flowerpot the best below 1.5 meters.In order to save electricity consumption, can also adopt intermittent illumination method, night, with high-strength light, irradiate 5 minutes, obtain long-day effect, to process like this some kind and may occur degradation phenomena, available long-day and short-day alternate treatment are to improve.
Electricity according to after, first to keep the preference temperature of flower bud differentiation and flower bud development, general daytime 20-25 degree Celsius, 16-18 degree Celsius of night is optimum temperature, especially nocturnal temperature is not lower than 15 degrees Celsius, if bud is undifferentiated lower than this temperature; Next strengthens rich water supply and the extermination of disease and insect pest.Through above-mentioned measure, process and can bloom in New Year's Day, the Spring Festival.
Short-day is processed: select early blossoming or middle flower variety, in season in late fall get 5-10 centimeter length tenderly plant that cuttage is cultivated or cultivated opening the select good strains in the field for seed strong bud that minister goes out of keeping on file of colored basin autumn.When arriving in late autumn and winter, it should be moved into indoor wintering in time cold-proof, and be placed on a side of illumination abundance as far as possible, meeting long-day demand reach a certain height plant, during 35 centimetres of general plant heights, need shading treatment, if process too early, insufficient because nourishing and growing, there will be the phenomenons such as strain is short, the petal quantity of blooming is few.
During processing, before the shading time, first quarter moon is 11 hours, along with the increase of sunshine duration on daytime, extends the shading time, finally foreshortens to 9 hours, and effect is better.And the beginning shading time need to determine according to the florescence equally, generally stop can blooming for shading 50-60 days.If May Day is with flower, stop shading mid-March; With flower, stop shading mid-May the July 1st.
Concrete processing method starts shading, makes luminosity below approximately 2 candle lights, after next 8 o'clock mornings, open for generally adopting black plastic film to cover when the afternoon 6-7, and shading treatment need be carried out continuously, if there is former handling failure of interruption.After processing in addition, heat is difficult for scattering and disappearing, and especially under the initial 10-15 degrees celsius of processing, carries out, and should not surpass 30 degrees Celsius, otherwise it is irregular to bloom, and does not even form bud.Through such processing, can bloom at spring and summer, especially can meet the red-letter day of May Day, the July 1st with spending.
Low temperature storage method: when chrysanthemum is after blooming at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 month, moved into and in cellar, kept 0-5 degree Celsius of low temperature, air humidity remains on 90%, notices that during this period basin soil is standard with " can hold agglomerating, to unclamp loose ", take Insulation evening, and will ventilate, maintain this state to also having about 45 days apart from the Spring Festival, if now day temperature is at 20-25 degree Celsius always, nocturnal temperature is at 16-18 degree Celsius, still in no way inferior to the flower that Spring Festival is open.
Spray hormone: before October 25, chrysanthemum was moved in another greenhouse, maintain the temperature at 3-8 degree Celsius, spray weekly gibberellin or maleic hydrazide and replace low temperature treatment, notice that concentration can not be too high, approximately 1000 times of drug effects, spray 2-3 week, being sprayed onto the temperature that raises when also have more than 40 day the Spring Festival can be for blooming the Spring Festival.As processed with NAA50ppm before flower bud differentiation period, 3 days once for carrying out 50 days, can late blooming 10-14 days, and the flowering time of also can breaking the normal procedure.In addition part early on flower variety, adopt and protect general replacement short-day and process and also can make autumn chrysanthemum bloom spring and summer.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, and other any or akin products identical with the present invention that anyone draws under enlightenment of the present invention, within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the technical method that chrysanthemum out-of-season is bloomed, is characterized in that, comprises four processing: long-day processing, short-day processing, low temperature storage, spray hormone,
Long-day processes: select the good late flowering variety of flower bud differentiation under low temperature or the kind that vegetative period is short, flower bud differentiation induction number of days is short, petal is numerous, plant is shorter, before carrying out flower bud differentiation mid-September, the last ten-days period, adopt and add light processing, add between the light time and can determine according to flower bud differentiation time and florescence, generally stop irradiation and can bloom about 60 days;
Short-day is processed: select early blossoming or middle flower variety, in season in late fall get 5-10 centimeter length tenderly plant that cuttage is cultivated or cultivated opening the select good strains in the field for seed strong bud that minister goes out of keeping on file of colored basin autumn, when arriving in late autumn and winter, it should be moved into indoor wintering in time cold-proof, and be placed on a side of illumination abundance, meet long-day demand plant is reach a certain height, during 35 centimetres of general plant heights, need shading treatment;
Low temperature storage method: when chrysanthemum is after blooming at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 month, moved into and in cellar, kept 0-5 degree Celsius of low temperature, air humidity remains on 90%, notices that during this period basin soil is standard with " can hold agglomerating, to unclamp loose ", take Insulation evening, and will ventilate, maintain this state to also having about 45 days apart from the Spring Festival, if now day temperature is at 20-25 degree Celsius always, nocturnal temperature is at 16-18 degree Celsius
Spray hormone: chrysanthemum is moved in another greenhouse before the October 25, maintain the temperature at 3-8 degree Celsius, spray weekly gibberellin or maleic hydrazide and replace low temperature treatment, spray 2-3 week, being sprayed onto the temperature that raises when also have more than 40 day the Spring Festival can be for blooming the Spring Festival.
2. the technical method that chrysanthemum out-of-season according to claim 1 is bloomed, is characterized in that: during described long-day processing, light application time is 14.5 hours, along with the shortening of sunshine duration on daytime, extend and add between the light time, as added light October 3 hours, add light November 4 hours, add light December 5 hours.
3. the technical method that chrysanthemum out-of-season according to claim 1 is bloomed, it is characterized in that: described in spray hormone during, before flower bud differentiation period, with NAA50ppm, process, 3 days once for carrying out 50 days, can late blooming 10-14 days, the flowering time of also can breaking the normal procedure.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104705083A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-06-17 | 河南大学 | Method for promoting early blossoming of chrysanthemum by utilizing curcumin |
| CN105474970A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-13 | 云南丰岛花卉有限公司 | Production method for mini potted chamomile |
| CN111052943A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-04-24 | 北京天卉源绿色科技研究院有限公司 | Chrysanthemum flower-forming plug seedling production method in national celebration period |
| CN111406572A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-14 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Method for regulating flowering phase of luculia pinceana |
-
2013
- 2013-12-05 CN CN201310661235.0A patent/CN103650872A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104705083A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-06-17 | 河南大学 | Method for promoting early blossoming of chrysanthemum by utilizing curcumin |
| CN105474970A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-13 | 云南丰岛花卉有限公司 | Production method for mini potted chamomile |
| CN105474970B (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2018-07-13 | 云南丰岛花卉有限公司 | A kind of production method of the small chrysanthemum of mini potting |
| CN111052943A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-04-24 | 北京天卉源绿色科技研究院有限公司 | Chrysanthemum flower-forming plug seedling production method in national celebration period |
| CN111406572A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-14 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Method for regulating flowering phase of luculia pinceana |
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Application publication date: 20140326 |