Background technology
In recent years, along with the continuous development of aviculture, various diseases such as newcastle, infectious bursa of Fabricius, H9 strain bird flu were widely current, and the development of aviculture in serious threat.People for example strengthen management, improve the generation that breeding environment, Drug therapy and vaccination immunity come disease preventing and treating by number of ways, but these class methods expose its various drawbacks and limitation gradually, and the method for exploring new control disease becomes the current thing of compeling at the tip of the brow of aquaculture.Particularly China's poultry immunity inhibition disease infection is very general, and immunosuppressive disease can cause the whole system of defense of body impaired, causes immunosuppressant or low, has increased the susceptibility to pathogen.Culture the body nonspecific immunity by strengthening, improve the consequence that immunity of organisms, premunition, anti-stress and epidemic prevention failure bring, solving the disease problem becomes present a kind of new method.Chinese herbal medicine is the culture rarity of China, carrying out having its unique advantages aspect the prevention and treatment of diseases: safe, toxic and side effects is little, effective ingredient is many, hazard residue is few, action target spot is many, can bring into play combined effect, be difficult for producing drug resistance, scalable immunity of organisms, enhancing body resistance against diseases in anti-bacteria and anti-virus.More and more emphasize food safety in the our times various countries, call under green, the ecological overall background, apply prevention and the control that herbal medicine carries out Animal diseases and be of great practical significance.
The Radix Astragali has another name called Radix Astragali, is the general designation of plant and Chinese crude drug.The plant Radix Astragali originates in ground such as the Inner Mongol, Shanxi, Gansu, Heilungkiang, is state three level protecting plant.The Chinese crude drug Radix Astragali is the root of leguminous herbaceous plant's Radix Astagali, Radix Astragali, has effects such as invigorating the spleen and replenishing QI, strengthening superficial resistance to stop perspiration, inducing diuresis to remove edema, expelling pus and toxin by strengthening QI.Control infectious bursal disease, chicken Marek's disease, the chicken fatty livers etc. of being used on veterinary clinic more.
The broken technology of Chinese medicine ultra-fine powder is renewal and the development to traditional crushing technology; it had both kept the advantage of Chinese medicine technology of preparing; injected new vitality for the modern production of Chinese medicine again; have a extensive future, but remain in actual production in some problems and a difficult problem: (1) production efficiency is low, the power consumption height is the principal element of restriction Chinese medicine ultra-fine powder large-scale production for animals.Rod mill is in traditional closed circuit method crushing process, when most of material has reached fineness requirement, always there is the small part coarse powder to be mixed in wherein, make this part coarse powder further be crushed to the granularity that requires need prolong the pulverizing time significantly, make crush efficiency reduce, power consumption significantly increases; (2) it is poor that there are the material particular diameter uniformity after the classification in selecting crude drugs with winnower classification and grading wheel classification, influenced the quality of production of herbal medicine compound recipe superfine powder greatly, especially when being applied to the use of animal drinking-water, because a small amount of not existence of breaking cellular wall cell is difficult to reach instructions for use.(3) traditional one-way gas flow is sieved, because Chinese medicine is when carrying out micronizing, along with reducing of particle diameter, material particles surface area and surface energy increase, adsorptivity increases, and mobile variation easily is gathered into bulky grain etc. and causes the sieve classification of crossing that surpasses 200 order fineness medicated powder to be difficult to carry out.The existence of above-mentioned factor has had a strong impact on standardization, the large-scale production of herbal medicine superfine powder, and the popularization on veterinary clinic and use.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of superfine powder Radix Astragali normal temperature preparation method that looses, efficiently solve the present production Radix Astragali loose have that energy consumption is big, the medicine maximum particle diameter is difficult to accurate control, can't produce continuously, difficult problems such as dust is many in the production process, make the finished medicines of preparation have rapid-action, good effect, bioavailability height, effect that the clinical application amount is few.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of special-purpose two-way airflow screening machine that is applied to the diffusing normal temperature preparation method of the superfine powder Radix Astragali.
The superfine powder Radix Astragali of the present invention normal temperature preparation method that looses comprises the steps:
The first step, Chinese crude drug Radix Astragali decoction pieces is dried naturally or dry to moisture≤10%;
Second goes on foot, under 20 ℃~25 ℃ the Radix Astragali of drying is pulverized, and obtaining granularity is 60-80 purpose coarse powder;
The 3rd step, with the second step gained coarse powder place pulverize in the rod mill after, be fed into special-purpose two-way airflow screening machine by wind and cross 500 mesh sieves, the air-flow that the powder that obtains particle diameter≤25 micron of sieving is produced by air-introduced machine is transported to collect in the tornado feeder set and namely gets the superfine powder Radix Astragali finished product that looses; The powder of not crossing 500 mesh sieves arrives circulation pulverizing again in the described rod mill through the funnel collection and by line transportation.
Special-purpose two-way airflow screening machine of the present invention comprises casing and the downward screen drum of chamber intermediate openings that sets within it, the order number of described screen drum 〉=500 orders; The nozzle of screen drum is connected mutually with the funnel upper shed that is arranged on the casing bottom; Chassis cavity is connected with air-introduced machine by the negative pressure chamber on top; Be provided with the door font rotary jet pipe that is constituted by transverse tube and standpipe in the zone between screen drum and casing, the puff prot of described door font rotary jet pipe is for axially being opened in groove on its tube wall along described transverse tube and standpipe respectively, described groove is offered towards the screen drum direction respectively, the groove width 0.5-2 millimeter of groove, the middle part of transverse tube and drive motors driving coupling; Be provided with blast pipe in the screen drum centre position, the air outlet of described blast pipe passes that screen drum is connected with the transverse tube middle part of door font rotary jet pipe and rolls by rolling bearing and is connected; The air inlet of blast pipe extends outside the described hopper side walls and is connected with the blast orifice of aerator; Be provided with feed pipe in screen drum, be provided with the buffering umbrella above the discharging opening of described feed pipe, the charging aperture of feed pipe extends outside the hopper side walls and is communicated with powder conveying fan air outlet through wind stopping device.
The air inducing of described air-introduced machine is pressed and is 1000pa, and the air inducing amount is 3000m
3/ h; The rotating speed of described drive motors is 155 rev/mins; The blast pressure of described aerator is 33kpa, and the blow rate required is 320m
3/ h; The wind pressure that goes out of described powder conveying fan is 24kpa, and air output is 150m
3/ h; The sidewall of described screen drum and roof respectively with corresponding standpipe and transverse tube between distance be 25 millimeters.
The invention has the advantages that whole process of preparation all carries out at normal temperatures, do not need low temperature or special additional conditions; Final drug particle diameter≤25 micron of preparation have been improved cell wall breaking rate and bioavailability greatly, have strengthened the pharmacological action of medicine, thereby reduced treatment disease dosage, saved medical material, also improved abnormal smells from the patient and the mouthfeel of medicine simultaneously, improve drug quality, prolonged storage life; The two-way airflow screening machine that uses in the inventive method has been simplified the preparation technology that the superfine powder Radix Astragali looses greatly, has realized the purpose that the Chinese powder medicine quality standard is controlled, be suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Clinical therapeutic efficacy according to the superfine powder Radix Astragali powder preparation of the inventive method preparation is verified by following test:
The superfine powder Radix Astragali looses to the immune counteracting toxic substances protection test of broiler chicks
The superfine powder Radix Astragali looses, and adopts method preparation of the present invention;
Radix astragali coarse powder: 80 order coarse powder, make by oneself at laboratory;
Vaccine: chicken Newcastle disease live vaccine, available from Qilu Animal Health Products Co., Ltd.; Webster fabricius bursa live vaccine V877, U.S. Fu Dao company produces.
Experimental animal: select totally 90 of 1 age in days healthy AA broiler, isolated rearing is also fed and is not contained the complete feed of medicine.
The test grouping: experimental animal is divided into 3 groups at random, every group of 30 chickens.
The I group adopts the superfine powder Radix Astragali to loose and treats, and feeds by forage volume 0.5% spice, is used in conjunction 6 days;
The II group adopts the radix astragali coarse powder treatment, feeds by forage volume 0.5% spice, is used in conjunction 6 days;
The III group infects matched group, and not medication is only infected.
Test method: at the 8 ages in days immune counteracting toxic substances first time, matched group and test group are all pressed 250 plumage dosage collunarium eye dripping with the medium vigor live vaccine of newcastle disease; The 9th age in days is immune counteracting toxic substances for the second time, matched group and the test group U.S.'s rich road Webster fabricius bursa live vaccine V877 eye dripping collunarium.Thereafter observe the difference respectively organize chick growth state and clinical manifestation, concrete outcome sees Table 1 and table 2.
Clinical manifestation behind the immune counteracting toxic substances of table 1
Group |
Spirit |
Feed intake |
Amount of drinking water |
Dynamically |
Feces |
Ⅰ |
Normally |
Normally |
Normally |
Normally |
Normally |
Ⅱ |
Slightly depressed |
Normally |
Normally |
Normally |
Accidental in vain just |
Ⅲ |
Depressed |
Lower slightly |
Lower slightly |
The legs and feet astasia |
Rare HUANGBAI(sic) just |
Before the immunity counteracting toxic substances, the test group spice is fed behind Radix Astragali superfine powder and the coarse powder, and matched group and the test group chickling drinking-water of searching for food is normal, and test group is searched for food more vigorous than matched group, and spirit is more active, and is faster to sound reaction.Behind the 8 ages in days immune counteracting toxic substances first time, the yellow scours phenomenon appears flocking together, draws in the matched group chicken.Behind the 9 ages in days immune counteracting toxic substances second time, lassitude appears in matched group, and drop-head is stayed brain, draws white watery stools, symptoms such as bipod astasia.The radix astragali coarse powder group occurs slightly drawing the Hakuri symptom, and it is normal to search for food, drink water.The diffusing group of the superfine powder Radix Astragali chickling mental status is good, obvious clinical symptoms do not occur.
Table 2 Radix Astragali superfine powder etc. are to broiler chicks immunity counteracting toxic substances protection effect
Group |
The morbidity number |
Death toll |
Sickness rate |
Mortality rate |
Protective rate |
Other situations |
Ⅰ |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
100% |
Do not have |
Ⅱ |
5 |
0 |
16.7% |
0 |
83.3% |
Transference cure behind the 2d |
Ⅲ |
26 |
0 |
86.7% |
0 |
13.3% |
Do not have |
Behind the immunity counteracting toxic substances; the superfine powder Radix Astragali of feeding looses and the test group of radix astragali coarse powder all has good protection effect to broiler chicks; greatly reduce the sickness rate of chickling, protective rate reaches 100% and 83.3% respectively, compares difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) with matched group.The superfine powder Radix Astragali group effect of loosing is more obvious, has improved 16.7%, significant difference (P<0.05) than the protective rate of radix astragali coarse powder group.
Table 1, table 2 result show: the Radix Astragali is having remarkable effect aspect raising chicken immunity, resistance against diseases and the minimizing immunological stress.The superfine powder Radix Astragali looses because of himself exclusive characteristic, when using with the coarse powder Isodose, has remarkable advantages more.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the superfine powder Radix Astragali of the present invention normal temperature preparation method that looses comprises the steps:
The first step, Chinese crude drug Radix Astragali decoction pieces is dried naturally or dry to moisture≤10%;
Second goes on foot, under 20 ℃~25 ℃ the Radix Astragali of drying is pulverized, and obtaining granularity is 60-80 purpose coarse powder;
The 3rd goes on foot, at first opens powder conveying fan 15, air-introduced machine 5, aerator 11, drive motors 8.The blow pressure of powder conveying fan 15 is 24kpa, and the blowing amount is 150m
3/ h; The air inducing of air-introduced machine 5 is pressed and is 1000pa, and the air inducing amount is 3000m
3/ h; The blast pressure of aerator 11 is 33kpa, blow rate required 320m
3/ h; The rotating speed of drive motors 8 is 155 rev/mins.
1, the second step gained coarse powder is placed pulverize in the rod mill 16 after, powder body to be fractionated are arranged in the downward screen drum 2 of casing 1 inner chamber intermediate openings being brought into by high velocity air through wind stopping device 14, feed pipe 12 under the power of the blowing effect of powder conveying fan 15 in the rod mill 16, and by the impulsive force of buffering umbrella 13 reduction powder body to be fractionated in screen drum 2, powder body to be fractionated is disperseed in screen drum 2; The order number of screen drum 2 is 500 orders;
2, the powder body to be fractionated that disperse in the screen drum 2 carry out classification by screen drum 2 under air-introduced machine 5 effects, and fine powder negative pressure chamber 4 through casing 1 top under the negative-pressure air-flow effect that air-introduced machine 5 produces of passing screen drum 2 is transported to and collects the superfine powder Radix Astragali that namely the gets particle diameter≤25 micron finished product that looses in the tornado feeder set 17.The powder body by screen drum 2 does not sink through collecting with the funnel 3 that screen drum 2 under sheds are connected mutually and being transported to circulation pulverizing again in the described rod mill 16 by pipeline 18;
3, door font rotary jet pipe rotates by rolling bearing 10 under drive motors 8 drives, the wind that aerator 11 is sent is in blast pipe 9 enters described transverse tube 6 and standpipe 7, and through be opened in the puff prot ejection that has the groove structure on transverse tube 6 and standpipe 7 tube walls respectively vertically towards screen drum 2 directions, form even blowback air-flow in screen drum 2 at screen drum 2 end faces and side, powder body in the screen drum 2 is further atomized, stop powder body to stop up sieve screen apertures at screen drum 2 caking simultaneously, make not powder body by screen drum 2 along with the air-flow whirlpool that forms sinks to entering in the funnel 3.The groove width that is opened in groove on transverse tube 6 and standpipe 7 tube walls is respectively vertically selected between 0.5 millimeter-2 millimeters as required, between the roof of transverse tube 6 and standpipe 7 and corresponding screen drum 2 and the sidewall apart from being respectively 25 millimeters.
The diffusing finished product of the superfine powder Radix Astragali that obtains is sub-packed in the aluminium foil bag, and every bag weighs 500g or 1000g.