CN101764419B - 用于电动车的充电指示器 - Google Patents

用于电动车的充电指示器 Download PDF

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CN101764419B
CN101764419B CN2009102611812A CN200910261181A CN101764419B CN 101764419 B CN101764419 B CN 101764419B CN 2009102611812 A CN2009102611812 A CN 2009102611812A CN 200910261181 A CN200910261181 A CN 200910261181A CN 101764419 B CN101764419 B CN 101764419B
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西村寿史
日野良一
光冈英贵
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Mitsubishi Motors Corp
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Abstract

一种用于电动车的充电指示器，该电动车通过驱动使用作为外部电源的电池的电动机来提供动力，该充电指示器包括仪表组件和充电状态显示工具。仪表组件能够显示电动车的速度。充电状态显示工具被设置在仪表组件上。充电状态显示工具被构造为显示电池的充电状态并且从多个亮度级设定其的亮度级。充电状态显示工具被构造为当电池开始充电时，在亮度级的最低亮度级显示电池的充电状态。

Description

用于电动车的充电指示器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于电动车的充电指示器。
背景技术
电动车是通过使用作为输出源的电池驱动电动机来提供动力的。电池通过电缆从诸如家用电源的外部电源来充电。为此，这样的电动车在例如车体的外部上配备有用于为电池充电的电源部。
通常，由于是在电动车处于停止状态下为电动车电池充电，所以没有办法在充电期间检查电池充电状态。在本文中，专利文献1揭示了一种用于这样的电动车的充电指示器。充电指示器配备有电源部，该电源部具有电池充电连接器和设置为覆盖电池充电连接器的可打开的盖子。电源部配备有显示板，该显示板可以显示完全充电所需的时间和电池已经可用的充电水平。显示板允许驾驶电动车的车辆操作者从电动车的外部简单地检查是否电池正在被充电或者是否已完全被充电。
[专利文献1]日本专利第H09-285022公报
但是，电动车电池是利用***到电源部的充电连接器内的AC电源来充电，从而电源部的盖子在充电期间保持打开的状态。由于这个原因，采用如专利文献1所揭示的设置在电源部上的显示板，显示板在夜间被在车体外开启，并且光被泄露到车辆的周围环境，可能产生不需要的情况。此外，例如，当下雨时，雨水可能进入电源部。从而，需要通过提供保证可靠性的、附加的结构来采取措施防止其发生，诸如提供雨披。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个有利的方面在于提供一种用于电动车的充电指示器，该充电指示器允许在确保可靠性的同时简单地检查电动车的携带电池的充电状态。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种用于电动车的充电指示器，该电动车通过驱动使用作为外部电源的电池的电动机来提供动力，该充电指示器包括：
仪表组件(meter assembly)，该仪表组件能够显示电动车的速度；和
充电状态显示工具，该充电状态显示工具被设置在仪表组件上，构造为显示电池的充电状态，构造为从多个亮度级设定其的亮度级，并且构造为当电池开始充电时，在亮度级的最低亮度级显示电池的充电状态。
充电指示器可以进一步包括充电能力显示工具，该充电能力显示工具被设置在仪表组件上，并且被构造为显示电池是否能够被充电。
充电指示器可能被构造为使得充电状态被显示在外部设备上，该外部设备构造为执行与电动车的无线通信。
充电指示器可以被构造为充电状态包括电池的剩余充电水平。
充电指示器可能被构造为充电状态包括期望的充电完成时间。
根据上述第一发明的用于电动车的充电指示器是通过驱动使用作为外部电源的电池的电动机来提供动力的、用于电动车的充电指示器。该充电指示器包括能够显示速度的仪表组件。仪表组件配备有充电状态显示工具，该充电状态显示工具显示车辆运行时电池的充电状态。充电状态包括电池的剩余充电水平和期望的充电完成时间。水平显示工具的亮度能够在多个级上变暗，并且充电水平显示工具在开始充电时在最小亮度显示电池的充电状态。因此，能够容易地在携带电池的充电期间检查充电状态以确保可靠性，同时防止光泄露到周围环境。此外，使用设置在仪表组件上的充电状态显示工具显示充电状态。与显示剩余充电水平或者充电状态的充电水平显示工具被分开制造的情况相比，这能够减少开发(development)步骤的数量。
此外，根据第二个发明的用于电动车的充电指示器包括充电能力显示工具，当电池被连接到外部电源时，该充电能力显示工具显示电池是否能够被充电。因此，例如，当由于缺乏外部电源的电压而电池不能够被充电时，用户能够立即确认电池不能被充电并且然后采取一些对策，从而改善了便利性。
此外，根据第三个发明的用于电动车的充电指示器进一步包括外部设备，该外部设备能够与电动车通信，从而该外部设备能够显示电池的充电状态。从而，能够在远离车辆的位置通过外部设备来检查电池的充电状态，改善了便利性。
附图说明
图1是显示根据本发明的实施例的充电指示器被应用在其上的电动车的示意性方块图。
图2A是显示电动车的电池在充电期间的充电指示器的示意性图。
图2B是显示电池未充电期间的充电指示器的示意性图。
图3是显示适合与电动车通信的便携式设备的实例的说明性视图。
具体实施方式
现在，参考附图更具体地说明根据本发明的用于电动车的充电指示器。
如图1所示，根据本实施例的充电指示器被应用在其上的电动车1包括电动机或者用于电动车1的电源，作为用于诸如各种类型的灯和空调的各种电子部件的电源的电池组11，和用于为整个电动车1提供电子控制的电子控制器(电动车辆电子控制单元：EV-ECU)。
电池组11包括多个蓄电池13，对应于每个蓄电池13的电池监控单元(CMU)14，和连接到每个电池监控单元14和电子控制器12的电池管理单元(battery managementunit)12。
蓄电池13积聚能量以驱动电动车1，并且每个被连接到携带式充电器16。携带式充电器16能够通过电缆17被连接到诸如家用电源的外部电源。即，通过将电缆17连接到外部电源，蓄电池13能够通过携带式充电器16被充电。
电池监控单元14监控各自对应的蓄电池13的充电状态。由各个电池监控单元14获得的蓄电池13的充电状态被输入到电池管理单元15。
电池管理单元15监控充电状态，诸如基于从电池监控单元14输入的每个蓄电池13的充电状态的、整个电池组11的充电率(充电状态：SOC)，并且将所获得的充电状态输出到接下来描述的电子控制器12。基于来自电子控制器12的命令，电池管理单元15同样调节从电池组11供应到安装在电动车1上的诸如电动机或者空调(未显示)的电子部件的能量的数量。
即使当电动车处于停止状态还能够运行的电子控制器12适于至少控制除上述的电池管理单元15之外的仪表组件18和天线19。
仪表组件18能够显示速度指示、充电状态指示和可充电性。仪表组件18适合于在多个亮度级中调节这些指示所显示的亮度。更具体地，如图2A和2B所示，仪表组件18在单个安装板18a上包括，速度计18b，作为充电水平显示工具的充电水平仪表(充电状态显示工具)18c，用作充电能力显示工具的充电能力显示部18d，和减光开关18e。通过将安装板18a适配进仪器板1a内，速度计18b、充电水平仪表18c、充电能力显示部18d，和减光开关18e能够被整体地安装在电动车1中。
速度计18b是用于在电动车1行驶时显示电动车1的车辆速度的部分。充电水平仪表18c是用于显示整个电池组11的剩余电池水平的部分。如图2A所示，剩余电池水平被设计为通过增加或者减少出现在液晶显示器(LCD)上的节(segments)的数量来显示的。如图2B所示，充电水平仪表18c被设计为当电动车1静止和蓄电池13不被充电时，指示消失。
充电能力显示部18d是用于通过开启、关闭或者闪光来显示整个电池组11的可充电性的部分。如图2B所示，如充电水平仪表18c，充电能力显示部18d同样被设计为当电动车1静止和蓄电池13不被充电时，指示消失。减光开关18e能够在多种亮度级中(例如，四种亮度级)切换充电水平仪表18c的背光(backlight)亮度。
仪表组件18除了显示运行条件之外还可以显示说明，例如，当按键开关在副开关ON(ACC)的位置。
此外，天线19通过无线通信将从电子控制器12输入的信息传输到作为外部设备的便携式设备2，并且将来自便携式设备2通过无线电提供的信息通过无线通信输出到电子控制器12。这可以使电子控制器12和便携式设备2进行通信。
例如，如图3所示，配备有显示屏2a的便携式设备2在显示屏2a上显示从电子控制器12输入的整个电池组11的充电率。便携式设备2同样能够做各种类型的设定，诸如通过与电子控制器12的通信设定计划乘车时间(scheduled boarding times)。
现在，将对蓄电池13被充电时电子控制器12的过程进行说明。当检测到蓄电池13已经开始被充电时，电子控制器12首先向充电水平仪表18c和充电能力显示部18d发出命令，以分别地显示整个电池组11的充电率和可充电性。
更具体地，控制器12使得充电水平仪表18c打开液晶显示器的背光，并且根据从电池管理单元15输入的充电率来控制开启的节的数量。此时，可以在由减光开关18e设定的多亮度级的最小可能亮度打开液晶显示器的背光，而无论亮度。
另外，控制器12确定是否可以充电，如果确定充电是可能的，控制器12引起充电能力显示部18d打开充电能力显示部18d的背光。如果确定充电不可能，例如，由于缺乏电压，控制器12使得充电能力显示部18d的背光闪光。当所有的蓄电池被完全地充电时，控制器12向充电水平仪表18c和充电能力显示部18d发出命令，从而关闭各自的背光。电动车的用户能够通过窗口从车辆的外部在视觉上检查充电水平仪表18c和充电能力显示部18d。
此外，例如，当蓄电池13被充电时，在响应来自便携式设备2的要求时，控制器12实施诸如通过天线19将整个电池组11的充电率和期望的充电完成时间发送到便携式设备2的处理。这使得用户即使在远离车辆的位置上也能够检查到整个电池组11的充电状态。
通过实施这样的处理，当电池组13被充电时，用户能够在安装在车辆中的充电水平仪表18c上和便携式设备2确认整个电池组11的充电状态。
根据本实施例的用于电动车的充电指示器，上述构造允许仪表组件配备有充电水平仪表18c，该充电水平仪表18c用于在充电时显示整个电池组11的充电状态。与充电水平仪表被设置在车辆外部的情况相比，这种配置可以更容易地保持其的性能和高可靠性。此外，充电水平仪表18c被安装在车辆的内部并且从而能够防止光泄露到周围环境。
此外，充电水平仪表18c被安装在单个安装板18a上，并且与速度计18b一起组成仪表组件，从而与充电水平仪表18c作为一个单独的单元而被制造的情况相比，可以减少开发所需的人力。此外，充电水平仪表18c能够与速度计18b一起整体地被安装在电动车1中，从而便利了它的安装工作。
另外，整个电池组11的充电状态能够被显示在便携式设备2上，该便携式设备能够与电子控制器12通信。因此，在远离车辆的位置上，可以通过便携式设备2检查充电状态，从而改善了便利性。
另外，上述实施例描述了充电能力显示部18d和减光开关18e被设置在安装板18a上的实例。但是，这些部件的安装位置不限于安装板18a，它们同样可以被安装在仪器板1a上。但是，充电能力显示部18d要被安装在能够从车窗外部检查的位置上。
此外，上述实施例说明电池正在充电时开启充电能力显示部18d，当其不能充电时闪光，并且当其已经被完全充电时关闭的实例。但是，充电能力显示部18d上的指示不只限于它们，只要通过充电能力显示部18d上的指示能够区分可充电性即可。
此外，上述实施例说明了充电能力显示部18d出现在液晶显示器上的实例。但是，本发明不限于液晶显示器，只要其能够显示充电水平就可以，并且在不背离本发明的范围和实质的情况下能够对本发明做任何的修改。
本发明被应用到用于电动车的充电指示器。
应该注意的是，本发明不只限于上述实施例，可以在不背离本发明的范围和实质的情况下做多种变型。

Claims (2)

1.一种用于电动车的充电指示器，该电动车通过驱动使用作为输出源的电池的电动机来提供动力，其特征在于，该充电指示器包括：
仪表组件，该仪表组件能够显示所述电动车的速度；和
残余充电水平显示工具，该残余充电水平显示工具被设置在所述仪表组件上，构造为显示所述电池的残余充电水平，和构造为从多个亮度级设定所述残余充电水平显示工具的亮度级；和
充电能力显示工具，该充电能力显示工具被设置成当所述电池被连接到外部供电电源时，显示所述电池是否能被充电；
其中，该残余充电水平显示工具被构造为当所述电池开始充电时，以所述多个亮度级的最低亮度级显示所述电池的所述残余充电水平，并且该残余充电水平显示工具被设置成当所述电池充满电时关闭。
2.如权利要求1所述的充电指示器，其特征在于，其中，
所述残余充电水平被显示在外部设备上，该外部设备被构造为执行与电动车的无线通信。
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