WO2023207608A1 - 一种保险杠支架、车身前端组件及车辆 - Google Patents

一种保险杠支架、车身前端组件及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023207608A1
WO2023207608A1 PCT/CN2023/088009 CN2023088009W WO2023207608A1 WO 2023207608 A1 WO2023207608 A1 WO 2023207608A1 CN 2023088009 W CN2023088009 W CN 2023088009W WO 2023207608 A1 WO2023207608 A1 WO 2023207608A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bumper bracket
weakened portion
vehicle
bumper
mounting hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/088009
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林泳锐
孙博
梁智光
陈亮
朱超
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023207608A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023207608A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
    • B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of bumper brackets, and specifically to a bumper bracket, a vehicle body front-end assembly and a vehicle.
  • the buffering deformation ability of the bumper is improved by adding elastic buffer parts, airbags, etc.; although this method can realize the collapse of the bumper, this method requires a large number of parts, and at the same time The recovery deformation of elastic parts after elastic deformation will increase the secondary damage to pedestrians.
  • the present disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the above-mentioned technologies, at least to a certain extent.
  • the first purpose of the present disclosure is to propose a bumper bracket, the bumper bracket is used to connect with the vehicle body module; the bumper bracket is provided with a mounting hole and a weakened portion; the mounting hole is used to To realize the connection between the bumper bracket and the body module; in the front and rear direction of the vehicle, the weakened portion is arranged in front of the mounting hole, and the mounting hole is projected in the front and rear direction of the vehicle and the weakened portion is in The projections in the front and rear directions of the vehicle at least partially overlap, and the structural strength of the weakened portion is less than the structural strength of the bumper bracket.
  • a connecting portion is provided between the mounting hole and the weakened portion, the connecting portion is used to space the mounting hole from the weakened portion, and the width of the connecting portion is the same as that of the bumper bracket. is inversely proportional to the collapse ability.
  • the weakened portion is in the shape of a long strip, and the angle between the extension direction of the weakened portion and the front and rear direction of the vehicle is inversely proportional to the collapse capacity of the bumper bracket.
  • the thickness of the weakened portion is smaller than the thickness of the connecting portion.
  • the thickness of the weakened portion is zero, and the shape of the weakened portion is rectangular, trapezoidal, elliptical, or rhombus. A shape, a triangle, a hexagon, or a triangle.
  • the side wall of the weakened portion is a plane or a curved surface.
  • the weakened portion is integrally formed with the bumper bracket.
  • a plurality of adjacent weakened portions are provided in front of the mounting hole.
  • the second object of the present disclosure is to propose a vehicle body front-end assembly, which includes a bumper, a body module, a fastener, and the aforementioned bumper bracket.
  • the bumper and the bumper bracket are connected to the vehicle.
  • the front end is fixedly connected, and the fastener passes through the mounting hole to connect the bumper bracket to the body module; when the external force on the bumper bracket is greater than the preset value, the fastener is removed from the The mounting hole moves to the weakened portion.
  • a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle, which includes the aforementioned vehicle body front-end assembly or the aforementioned bumper bracket.
  • the present disclosure has the following beneficial technical effects:
  • a weakened portion is provided on the bumper bracket.
  • the bumper bracket receives a force toward the rear of the vehicle, and the fastener moves from the mounting hole to the weakened portion. Since the strength of the weakened part is smaller, the weakened part is more likely to undergo plastic deformation, causing the entire front bumper to move toward the rear of the vehicle, preventing secondary damage to pedestrians due to recovery from deformation, thereby reducing injuries to pedestrians and improving The ability of the vehicle bumper system to buffer deformation is improved.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bumper bracket in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the bumper bracket B shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bumper bracket shown in Figure 1 at A-A;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the bumper bracket in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle body front-end assembly in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle in an embodiment of the present disclosure; 1-bumper, 2-bumper bracket, 21-weakened part, 211-front groove wall, 212-rear groove wall, 213-left groove wall, 214- Right groove wall, 22-mounting hole, 23-connection part, 3-body module, 4-fastener, 10-body front-end assembly, 100-vehicle.
  • a bumper bracket 2 is proposed.
  • the bumper bracket 2 is provided with a mounting hole 22 and a weakened portion 21; the mounting hole 22 is used to connect the bumper bracket 2 and the body module 3; in the front and rear direction of the vehicle, the weakened portion 21 is provided on the In front of the mounting hole 22, the projection of the mounting hole 22 in the front and rear direction of the vehicle at least partially overlaps with the projection of the weakened portion 21 in the front and rear direction of the vehicle.
  • the structural strength of the weakened portion 21 is smaller than that of the bumper bracket 2 structural strength.
  • the bumper bracket 2 in the above solution is mainly used to install the bumper 1 of the vehicle 100 on the vehicle body.
  • the bumper bracket 2 includes a front end and a rear end.
  • the front end of the bumper bracket 2 refers to the end of the bumper bracket 2 that faces the front of the car under normal use;
  • the rear end of the bumper bracket 2 refers to the end of the bumper bracket 2 that faces the car under normal use.
  • one end of the tail The end of the bumper bracket 2 facing the front of the car is used to connect to the bumper 1, and the end facing the rear of the car is used to connect to the body module 3.
  • the body module 3 refers to some components arranged in the vehicle 100, which may include but are not limited to one or more of the radiator, condenser, intercooler, lamp assembly, air guide system, etc.
  • the front and rear direction of the car refers to the length direction of the car body.
  • the front direction of the car points to the rear direction of the car or the rear direction of the car points to the front direction of the car.
  • the direction towards the front of the car is defined as the front, and the direction towards the rear of the car is defined as rear.
  • the weakened portion 21 and the mounting hole 22 appear in matching pairs.
  • the rear end of the bumper bracket 2 is provided with four mounting holes 22 for connecting with the body module 3, and a weakened portion 21 is provided in front of each mounting hole 22.
  • the front end of the bumper bracket 2 is fixedly connected to the bumper 1 through a plurality of screws; at least one mounting hole 22 is provided at the rear end of the bumper bracket 2, and the bolts
  • the fasteners 4 pass through the mounting holes 22 and are fixed at corresponding positions on the front and lower side of the body module 3 to realize the connection between the bumper bracket 2 and the body module 3 .
  • the projection of the mounting hole 22 in the front and rear direction of the vehicle at least partially overlaps with the projection of the weakened portion 21 in the front and rear direction of the vehicle; specifically, the projection of the mounting hole 22 in the front and rear direction of the vehicle of the bumper bracket 2 is referred to as the third A projection (not shown), the projection of the weakened portion 21 in the front and rear direction of the vehicle of the bumper bracket 2 is a second projection (not shown), the first projection and the second projection completely overlap, or the first projection and the second projection completely overlap. At least part of the two projections overlap.
  • the structural strength of the weakened portion 21 is less than the structural strength of the bumper bracket 2; specifically, if the strength of the weakened portion 21 is to be smaller than the strength of the bumper bracket 2, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the weakened portion can be 21 is provided in the form of a hollow weakened groove, or the material thickness in the weakened portion 21 area is reduced, or a material with weaker structural strength can be used at the weakened portion 21.
  • the weakened portion can be 21 is provided in the form of a hollow weakened groove, or the material thickness in the weakened portion 21 area is reduced, or a material with weaker structural strength can be used at the weakened portion 21.
  • Limitation as long as the structural strength of the weakened portion 21 area on the bumper bracket 2 is small and easy to deform.
  • the ability of the bumper 1 system of the vehicle 100 to buffer deformation is improved.
  • the specific principle is: under normal use, fasteners 4 such as bolts are used to install the body module 3 at the mounting hole 22 at the rear end of the bracket, and the body module 3 is fixed on the frame.
  • fasteners 4 such as bolts are used to install the body module 3 at the mounting hole 22 at the rear end of the bracket, and the body module 3 is fixed on the frame.
  • the bumper bracket 2 is subjected to a force toward the rear of the vehicle. This force is transmitted to the body module 3 through the fasteners. Since the body module 3 is fixedly connected to the frame, the body module 3 will react the force (the direction of the reaction force is in the direction of the vehicle).
  • the weakened portion 21 is compared with other parts of the bumper bracket 2
  • the area is more likely to undergo plastic deformation to achieve the effect of energy absorption; and the projection of the mounting hole 22 and the weakened portion 21 in the front and rear direction of the vehicle of the bumper bracket 2 overlap, therefore, after an impact, the fastener 4 will When moving from the mounting hole 22 to the weakened portion 21, the bumper bracket 2 will move toward the rear of the vehicle, further causing the entire front bumper 1 to move toward the rear of the vehicle. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the weakened portion 21 from recovering from deformation and causing two hazards to pedestrians. times of damage.
  • a connecting portion 23 is provided between the mounting hole 22 and the weakened portion 21 , and the connecting portion 23 is used to connect the mounting hole 22
  • the width of the connecting portion 23 spaced apart from the weakened portion 21 , is inversely proportional to the collapse capacity of the bumper bracket 2 .
  • the ribs between the weakened portion 21 and the mounting hole 22 are called the connecting portion 23.
  • the width of the connecting portion 23 will affect the amount of collapse during impact.
  • Collapse capacity refers to the ease with which the bumper bracket collapses. Specifically, the bumper bracket is prone to collapse, which is called a large collapse capacity. The bumper bracket is not prone to collapse, which is called the collapse capacity. Small.
  • the connecting rib between the two When the width of the connecting part 23 is larger, that is, the weakened part 21 and the bolt mounting hole 22 are farther apart, the connecting rib between the two will be wider, and a larger impact force needs to be generated before the connecting part 23 can be disconnected; That is, the bumper bracket 2 can collapse only when the bumper 1 is subjected to a large impact. At this time, the bumper is not prone to collapse and its collapse ability is small.
  • the width of the connecting portion 23 is smaller, that is, the weakened portion 21 and the bolt mounting hole 22 are closer, the connecting rib between them will be narrower, and only a smaller impact force is needed to disconnect the connecting portion 23. That is, the bumper bracket 2 will collapse if the bumper 1 receives a small impact. At this time, the bumper is prone to collapse and its collapse capacity is large.
  • the width of the connecting portion 23 can be set according to the requirements for collapse capability.
  • the length of the weakened portion 21 should be lengthened as much as possible if there is enough space, so as to produce a larger amount of deformation and collapse.
  • the fastener 4 when the width of the weakened portion 21 is larger than the diameter of the fastener 4, the fastener 4 only needs a smaller impact after punching the connection portion 23 between the mounting hole 22 and the weakened portion 21. force, the fastener 4 can smoothly enter the weakened portion 21, thereby easily causing collapse and having a large collapse ability; and when the width of the weakened portion 21 is smaller than the diameter of the fastener 4, the fastener 4 will break during punching. After installing the connection part 23 between the hole 22 and the weakened part 21, a large impact force is required for the fastener 4 to deform the weakened part 21 to cause collapse, and the collapse capacity is small; therefore, according to the collapse According to the capacity requirements, the specific width of the weakened portion 21 is adjusted.
  • the material thickness at the edge of the weakened portion 21 will also affect the amount of collapse.
  • collapse can occur after a low impact force is generated; when the product material thickness is large, it is necessary to Collapse occurs only when a larger impact force is generated, and the material thickness of the specific product can be adjusted according to needs.
  • the weakened portion 21 is in a long strip shape, and the angle between the extending direction of the weakened portion 21 and the front and rear direction of the vehicle is equal to
  • the bumper bracket is inversely proportional to its collapse capability.
  • the weakened portion 21 is provided in a long strip shape.
  • the force generated after the impact needs to produce a certain component force to break the connection part 23 between the weakened part 21 and the mounting hole 22. Produce collapse. Therefore, during actual use, the extending direction of the weakened portion 21 can be adjusted according to needs.
  • the angle between the weakened portion 21 and the first direction can be reduced.
  • the angle can be increased. The angle between the small weakened portion 21 and the first direction.
  • the extension direction of the weakened portion 21 is set to be parallel to the front and rear direction of the vehicle.
  • the thickness of the weakened portion 21 is smaller than the thickness of the connecting portion 23 .
  • the thickness of the weakened portion 21 can be set to zero, that is, the weakened portion 21 is set as a weakened groove; of course, the material thickness of the weakened portion 21 can also be reduced, so that the structural strength of the weakened portion 21 is ultimately smaller than that of the other bumper brackets 2 Effects of regional structural strength.
  • the weakened portion 21 can be set into a conventional shape such as an ellipse, a rhombus, a trapezoid, a triangle or a hexagonal structure, or can also be set into any other unconventional shape. shape.
  • the side wall of the weakened portion 21 is a plane or a curved surface.
  • the weakened part 21 is set as a weakened groove.
  • the weakened groove is generally in the shape of a rectangular hole or a trapezoidal hole, including a front groove wall 211, a rear groove wall 212, a left groove wall 213 and a right groove wall 214.
  • the four groove walls jointly define the Weakening slot.
  • the four groove walls of the weakening groove can be arranged as a flat surface or as a curved surface.
  • the left groove wall 213 and the right groove wall 214 can also be arranged as a staggered curved surface.
  • the junction of the four groove walls can be rounded according to the needs. Corner treatment; while ensuring that the strength requirements of the bumper 1 mounting bracket are met, the width, length and thickness of the weakening groove can be flexibly adjusted according to different bumper 1 shapes and stress failure requirements. The amount of collapse and deformation can be flexibly adjusted.
  • the weakened portion 21 can be formed in a variety of ways.
  • the weakened portion 21 can be formed by removing material.
  • other common forming methods can also be used.
  • the weakened portion 21 and the bracket 2 are formed by integral injection molding.
  • the number of parts is small, and there is no need to add buffer parts.
  • the bumper 1 assembly has a simple structure, reduces assembly, and is completed. The cost is lower.
  • a plurality of adjacent weakened portions 21 are provided in front of the mounting hole 22 , and the plurality of adjacent weakened portions 21 are along the front and rear directions of the vehicle. arrangement.
  • the center line of the weakened portion 21 and the center line of the mounting hole 22 are arranged in the same direction.
  • the arrangement position of the weakened portion 21 is flexible, and the weakened portion 21 can be arranged at a place where it is expected to break in the event of a collision.
  • a connecting portion 23 can be provided between multiple adjacent weakened portions 21.
  • the impact force on the vehicle 100 is small, only the weakened portion 21 closest to the mounting hole 22 may be deformed, resulting in a smaller impact force. The amount of collapse. At this time, you only need to readjust the position of the bumper 1 to the initial position and re-tighten the fastener 4 at the mounting hole 22. There is no need to directly replace the bracket.
  • the vehicle body front-end assembly 10 includes a bumper 1, a body module 3, a fastener 4 and the aforementioned bumper bracket. 2.
  • the bumper 1 is fixedly connected to the front end of the bumper bracket 2, and the fastener 4 passes through the mounting hole 22 and is connected to the body module 3; when the bumper bracket 2 is subjected to When the external force is greater than the preset value, the fastener 4 moves from the mounting hole 22 to the weakened portion 21 .
  • the fastener 4 can be a hexagonal head bolt and flat washer assembly, a hexagonal flange bolt, a flat washer assembly, a hexagonal flange bolt and a flat washer assembly, a spring washer and a flat washer assembly, etc.
  • the upper part of the above-mentioned bumper 1 can be connected to the bumper bracket 2 through a plurality of screws.
  • the left and right sides of the bumper bracket 2 are connected to the front combination lights and fenders in a snap-on manner.
  • the lower part of the bumper bracket 2 is fixed to the vehicle body through bolts. Module 3 front and lower.
  • the front bumper bracket 2 can stably support the bumper 1, the grille upper cover, the front bumper 1 decorative parts and other parts, and can also provide a central penetrating light installation point and stable support for the vehicle 100 equipped with a middle penetrating light. Central penetrating light.
  • each weakened portion 21 is equivalent to forming a cavity between the bumper 1 (collision point) and the mounting hole 22 (rigid fixed point) to absorb energy.
  • the vehicle 100 can loosen the fasteners 4 on the bumper bracket 2, adjust the position of the front bumper 1 and then tighten the fasteners 4, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the front bumper 1. Cost of replacing front bumper 1.
  • the fastener 4 also has friction with the bumper bracket 2 after being tightened.
  • the friction force between the fastener 4 and the bumper bracket 2 can offset the collision force. Therefore, when the force generated by a lighter collision is smaller, the damage to the body structure of the collision vehicle 100 is smaller. , the vehicle 100 can be repaired and adjusted more conveniently, so as to reduce the vehicle 100 maintenance cost and maintenance time.
  • the distance between the weakened portion 21 and the mounting hole 22 can be set according to the requirements for the collapse ability of the bumper bracket 2 .
  • the distance between the mounting hole 22 and the weakened portion 21 can be set longer;
  • the distance between the mounting hole 22 and the weakened portion 21 can be set shorter.
  • the distance between the mounting hole 22 and the weakened portion 21 is proportional to the preset value of the external force.
  • a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle 100.
  • the vehicle 100 includes the aforementioned vehicle body front-end assembly 10.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.
  • connection In this disclosure, unless otherwise explicitly stated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated into one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interactive relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specified restrictions. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • a first feature being “on” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features may be in indirect contact through an intermediary. touch.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “under” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is level The height is smaller than the second feature.
  • references to the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “an example,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” or the like means that specific features are described in connection with the embodiment or example. , structures, materials, or features are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification unless they are inconsistent with each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract

一种保险杠支架（2），保险杠支架上设有安装孔（22）和弱化部（21）；安装孔用于实现保险杠支架和车身模块（3）连接；在车的前后方向上，弱化部设置在安装孔的前方，安装孔在车的前后方向上投影和弱化部在车的前后方向上投影至少部分重叠，弱化部的结构强度小于保险杠支架的结构强度。

Description

一种保险杠支架、车身前端组件及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开基于申请号为202221030836.2、申请日为2022年04月29日的中国专利申请“一种保险杠支架、车身前端组件及车辆”提出，并要求上述中国专利申请的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本公开作为参考。
技术领域
本公开涉及保险杠支架技术领域，具体涉及一种保险杠支架、车身前端组件及车辆。
背景技术
随着汽车数量快速增长，汽车安全也越来越受到关注。当行人与车辆发生正面碰撞时，多为车辆的前保险杠与行人的身体发生直接接触。但现有的车辆的保险杠一般通过钣金支架与不可伸缩塑料支架安装至车体，钣金支架与不可伸缩塑料支架的变形有限，不能有效的溃缩吸能形成缓冲作用。
现有技术中还有通过增加弹性缓冲零件、安全气囊等来提高保险杠的缓冲变形的能力；这种方式虽然能实现保险杠的溃缩，但是这种方式所需的零件数量较多，同时弹性零件在弹性变形后恢复变形会加大对行人撞击的二次伤害。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少在一定程度上解决上述技术中的技术问题之一。
为此，本公开的第一个目的在于提出一种保险杠支架，所述保险杠支架用于与车身模块连接；所述保险杠支架上设有安装孔和弱化部；所述安装孔用于实现所述保险杠支架和所述车身模块连接；在车的前后方向上，所述弱化部设置在所述安装孔的前方，所述安装孔在车的前后方向上投影和所述弱化部在车的前后方向上投影至少部分重叠，所述弱化部的结构强度小于所述保险杠支架的结构强度。
可选地，所述安装孔与所述弱化部之间设有连接部，所述连接部用于将所述安装孔与所述弱化部间隔，所述连接部的宽度与所述保险杠支架的溃缩能力成反比。
可选地，所述弱化部呈长条状，所述弱化部的延伸方向和车的前后方向之间的夹角大小与所述保险杠支架的溃缩能力成反比。
可选地，所述弱化部的厚度小于所述连接部的厚度。
可选地，所述弱化部的厚度为零，所述弱化部的形状为长方形、梯形、椭圆形、菱 形、三角形、六边形或三角形中的一种。
可选地，所述弱化部的侧壁为平面或曲面。
可选地，所述弱化部与所述保险杠支架一体成型。
可选地，在所述安装孔的前方设置有多个前后相邻的弱化部。
本公开的第二个目的在于，提出一种车身前端组件，所述车身前端组件包括保险杠、车身模块、紧固件和前述的保险杠支架，所述保险杠与所述保险杠支架的车前端固定连接，所述紧固件穿过所述安装孔将所述保险杠支架连接至所述车身模块上；当所述保险杠支架受到的外力大于预设值时，所述紧固件从所述安装孔移动至所述弱化部。
本公开的第三方面，提供了一种车辆，所述车辆包括前述的车身前端组件或前述的保险杠支架。
与现有技术相比，本公开具有如下有益技术效果：
本公开通过在保险杠支架上设置弱化部，在车辆与行人发生撞击时，保险杠支架受到朝向车尾方向的作用力，所述紧固件从所述安装孔移动至所述弱化部。由于弱化部的强度较小，因此弱化部更容易发生塑性变形，使前保险杠整体向车尾方向移动，防止变形后恢复形变而产生对行人造成二次伤害，进而减少对行人的伤害，提高了车辆保险杠***缓冲变形的能力。
附图说明
图1是本公开一个实施例中，一种保险杠支架结构示意图；
图2是图1所示保险杠支架B处放大示意图；
图3是图1所示保险杠支架A-A处截面示意图；
图4是本公开一个实施例中，保险杠支架的安装结构示意图；
图5是本公开一个实施例中，一种车身前端组件的结构示意图；
图6是本公开一个实施例中，一种车辆的示意图；
1-保险杠，2-保险杠支架，21-弱化部，211-前槽壁，212-后槽壁，213-左槽壁，214-
右槽壁，22-安装孔，23-连接部，3-车身模块，4-紧固件，10-车身前端组件，100-车辆。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
如图1至图5所示，在本公开的一个实施例中，提出一种保险杠支架2，所述保险 杠支架2上设有安装孔22和弱化部21；所述安装孔22用于实现所述保险杠支架2和车身模块3连接；在车的前后方向上，所述弱化部21设置在所述安装孔22的前方，所述安装孔22在车的前后方向上投影和所述弱化部21在车的前后方向上投影至少部分重叠，所述弱化部21的结构强度小于所述保险杠支架2的结构强度。
上述方案中的保险杠支架2主要用于实现车辆100的保险杠1在车身上的安装。所述保险杠支架2包括车前端和车尾端。其中，保险杠支架2的车前端指的是保险杠支架2在正常使用状态下，朝向车头的一端；保险杠支架2的车尾端指的是保险杠支架2在正常使用状态下，朝向车尾的一端。所述保险杠支架2朝向车头的一端用于与保险杠1连接，朝向车尾的一端用于与车身模块3连接。
上述方案中，车身模块3指的布置在车辆100中的一些零部件，可以包括但不限于散热器、冷凝器、中冷器、车灯总成、导风***等中的一个或多个。
上述方案中，车的前后方向指的是车身长度方向，如图1中车前方向指向车尾方向或车尾方向指向车前方向，且朝向车头方向为定义为前方，朝向车尾方向定义为后方。
如图1所示，在本公开的一个实施例中，所述弱化部21和安装孔22成对匹配出现。所述保险杠支架2的车尾端设有4个用于与车身模块3连接的安装孔22，每个安装孔22的前方均设置有一个弱化部21。
在实际使用时，如图4所示，所述保险杠支架2的车前端与保险杠1通过多个螺钉固定连接；在所述保险杠支架2车尾端设有至少一个安装孔22，螺栓等紧固件4穿过所述安装孔22并固定在车身模块3的前下方的对应位置处，实现保险杠支架2和车身模块3的连接。
所述安装孔22在车的前后方向上投影和所述弱化部21在车的前后方向上投影至少部分重叠；具体地，记安装孔22在保险杠支架2的车的前后方向的投影为第一投影(未图示)，记弱化部21在保险杠支架2的车的前后方向的投影为第二投影(未图示)，第一投影和第二投影完全重叠，或第一投影和第二投影的至少一部分重叠。
所述弱化部21的结构强度小于所述保险杠支架2的结构强度；具体地欲实现弱化部21的强度小于所述保险杠支架2强度，在本公开的一个实施例中，可以将弱化部21设置为镂空的弱化槽的形式，或将弱化部21区域的材料厚度减厚，也可以在弱化部21处使用结构强度较弱的材料，当然也可以为其他常见的设置方式，在此不作限制，只要能达到保险杠支架2上弱化部21区域的结构强度较小，易发生变形即可。
上述方案中，通过设置弱化部21，提高了车辆100的保险杠1***缓冲变形的能力。具体原理为：正常使用状态下，采用螺栓等紧固件4将车身模块3安装在支架车尾端的安装孔22处，车身模块3固定在车架上。在车辆100与行人发生撞击时，保险杠支架 2受到朝向车尾方向的作用力，该作用力通过紧固件传递给称身模块3，由于车身模块3与车架为固定连接，因此，车身模块3将反作用力(反作用力的方向为车尾方向至车前方向)通过紧固件4再传递给保险杠支架2；由于弱化部21的结构强度小于保险杠支架2的正常的结构强度，因此弱化部21相较于保险杠支架2其他区域更容易发生塑性变形，达到能量吸收的效果；而安装孔22和所述弱化部21在所述保险杠支架2的车的前后方向的投影重叠，因此，发生撞击后，紧固件4将从安装孔22运动至弱化部21，保险杠支架2将向车尾方向移动，进一步使前保险杠1整体向车尾方向移动，因此可以防止弱化部21变形后恢复形变而产生对行人造成二次伤害。
如图2、图3所示，在本公开的一个实施例中，所述安装孔22与所述弱化部21之间设有连接部23，所述连接部23用于将所述安装孔22与所述弱化部21间隔，所述连接部23的宽度与所述保险杠支架2的溃缩能力成反比。
上述方案中，为了便于描述，将弱化部21和安装孔22之间的筋条称之为连接部23，连接部23的宽度大小设置会影响撞击时产生的溃缩量。
溃缩能力指的是保险杠支架产生溃缩的容易程度，具体地，保险杠支架容易产生溃缩，称之为溃缩能力大，保险杠支架不容易产生溃缩，称之为溃缩能力小。
当连接部23的宽度较大时，即弱化部21和螺栓安装孔22距离较远，两者中间的连接筋会较宽，需产生较大的撞击力时，连接部23才能够断开；即在保险杠1受到较大的撞击时，保险杠支架2才能产生溃缩，此时，保险杠不容易产生溃缩，其溃缩能力小。相反地，当连接部23的宽度较小时，即弱化部21和螺栓安装孔22距离较近，两者中间的连接筋会较窄，只需要较小的撞击力连接部23就能够断开，即保险杠1受到较小的撞击，保险杠支架2就能产生溃缩，此时，保险杠容易产生溃缩，其溃缩能力大。
在实际使用时，可根据对溃缩能力的要求，来设置连接部23的宽度。弱化部21长度在空间足够的情况下，尽可能的加长，以便与能产生更大的变形溃缩量。
另外，可以理解的是，在弱化部21的宽度大于紧固件4的直径时，紧固件4在冲断安装孔22和弱化部21之间的连接部23后，只需要较小的撞击力，紧固件4就可以很顺利的进入弱化部21，从而容易产生溃缩，溃缩能力大；而在弱化部21的宽度小于紧固件4的直径时，紧固件4在冲断安装孔22和弱化部21之间的连接部23后，需要较大的撞击力，紧固件4才能使弱化部21变形，才能产生溃缩，溃缩能力小；因此，可根据对溃缩能力的要求，对弱化部21的具体宽度进行调整。
另外，可以理解的是，弱化部21边缘的材料厚度也会影响溃缩量，当产品料厚较小时，在产生较低的撞击力后能产生溃缩；当产品料厚较大时，需产生较大的撞击力才能产生溃缩，具体产品料厚可根据需求进行调整。
如图2、图3所示，在本公开的一个实施例中，所述弱化部21呈长条状，所述弱化部21的延伸方向和所述车的前后方向之间的夹角大小与所述保险杠支架的溃缩能力成反比。
上述方案中，将弱化部21设置为长条状。当弱化部21与整车前后方向呈一定角度时，撞击后产生的力需产生一定的分力去将弱化部21与安装孔22之间的连接部23断裂，故在撞击力较大后才能产生溃缩。因此，在实际使用过程中，可根据需求调整弱化部21的延伸方向。当需要使保险杠支架2具有较大的溃缩能力时，可以减小弱化部21与第一方向之间的夹角，当需要使保险杠支架2具有较小的溃缩能力时，可以增加小弱化部21与第一方向之间的夹角。
如图1所示，在本公开的一个实施例中，将所述弱化部21的延伸方向设置为平行与所述车的前后方向平行。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述弱化部21的厚度小于所述连接部23的厚度。
上述方案中提供了设置弱化部21的具体方式。具体地，可以将弱化部21的厚度设置为零，即将弱化部21设置为弱化槽；当然也可以对弱化部21的材料减厚处理，最终达到弱化部21的结构强度小于保险杠支架2其他区域结构强度的效果。
对于弱化部21的形状设置，在实际使用过程中，可将所述弱化部21设置成椭圆形、菱形、梯形、三角形或者六边形结构等常规形状，也可以设置为其他一些非常规的任意形状。
在本公开的一个实施例中，将所述弱化部21设置为弱化槽，所述弱化槽呈长方形或梯形。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述弱化部21的侧壁为平面或曲面。
上述方案中提供了一种弱化部21的具体形。即将弱化部21设置为弱化槽，弱化槽整体呈长方形孔或梯形孔，包括前槽壁211、后槽壁212、左槽壁213和右槽壁214，所述四个槽壁共同限定所述弱化槽。弱化槽的四个槽壁可以设置为平面，也可以设置为曲面，在需要时，左槽壁213和右槽壁214亦可布置为交错曲面，四个槽壁结合处可根据需求进行倒圆角处理；在确保满足保险杠1安装支架自身强度要求下，弱化槽宽度、长度和厚度的尺寸可根据不同保险杠1造型及受力失效需求等灵活调整溃缩量及变形量。
弱化部21的成型方式可以为多种，如可以采用去除材料的方式形成弱化部21，当然也可采用其他常见的成型方式。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述弱化部21与所述支架2采用一体注塑成型的方式形成，零部件组成数量少，无需增加缓冲零件，保险杠1总成结构简单，减少装配，成 本较低。
在本公开的一个实施例中，如图4所示，在所述安装孔22的前方，设置有多个相邻的弱化部21，所述多个相邻的弱化部21沿车的前后方向排布。将弱化部21中心线与安装孔22中心线设置在同一方向上，弱化部21布置位置灵活，可以将弱化部21设置在发生碰撞时期望断裂的地方。
在多个相邻的弱化部21之间可设置有连接部23，在车辆100受到的撞击力较小的情况下，可能只有最靠近安装孔22的弱化部21产生了变形，产生了较小的溃缩量。此时，只需将保险杠1的位置重新调整为初始位置，重新打紧安装孔22处的紧固件4即可，不需要直接更换支架。
如图4、图5所示，本公开的另一个实施例，提出一种车身前端组件10，所述车身前端组件10包括保险杠1、车身模块3、紧固件4和前述的保险杠支架2，所述保险杠1与所述保险杠支架2的车前端固定连接，所述紧固件4穿过所述安装孔22与所述车身模块3连接；当所述保险杠支架2受到的外力大于预设值时，所述紧固件4从所述安装孔22移动至所述弱化部21。
上述方案中，紧固件4可以采用六角头螺栓和平垫圈组合件、六角法兰面螺栓、平垫圈组合件和六角法兰面螺栓和平垫圈组合件和弹簧垫圈和平垫圈组合件等。
上述保险杠1上部可通过多个螺钉与保险杠支架2连接，保险杠支架2的左右两侧与前组合灯和翼子板通过卡扣形式连接，保险杠支架2的下部通过螺栓固定在车身模块3前下方。
该前保险杠支架2能稳定地支撑保险杠1、格栅上盖板和前保险杠1装饰件等零件，也可给配置有中部贯穿灯的车辆100提供中部贯穿灯安装点，及稳定支撑中部贯穿灯。
在发生行人正面碰撞时，前舱盖和前保险杠1进行受到撞击力，其中作用力传递到前保险杠1后，此力再传递到保险杠支架2；由于保险杠支架2与车身模块3的安装孔22的车前方向布置有弱化部21，该弱化部21的结构强度小于支架2结构强度，因此，弱化部21优先发生变形，使保险杠支架2沿整车前后方向发生溃缩，吸收撞击产生的能量，减少行人受到的反作用力，从而达到行人保护的作用。溃缩过程中每个弱化部21相当于在保险杠1(碰撞点)与安装孔22(刚性固定点)之间形成一个空腔缓冲吸能。
另外，上述方案在发生轻微碰撞时，车辆100可以对保险杠支架2上的紧固件4松开后，调整好前保险杠1位置再打紧紧固件4，减少因前保险杠1损坏而更换前保险杠1的费用。
另外，上述方案中，紧固件4打紧后与保险杠支架2也有摩擦力，在更轻微碰撞产 生的力时，紧固件4与保险杠支架2之间的摩擦力即可抵消掉该碰撞作用力，因此在更轻微碰撞产生的力时，碰撞车辆100车体结构所受到的损坏更小，能更方便地对车辆100进行维修和调整，以便于降低车辆100维修费用和维修时间。
在实际使用过程中，可根据对保险杠支架2溃缩能力的要求来设置弱化部21和安装孔22之间的距离。当需要车辆100在产生较剧烈碰撞的情况下，所述保险杠支架才2发生溃缩时，可将所述安装孔22和弱化部21之间的距离设置的较长；当需要车辆100在产生轻微碰撞的情况下，所述保险杠支架2即可发生溃缩时，可将所述安装孔22和弱化部21之间的距离设置的较短。所述安装孔22和所述弱化部21之间的距离与外力预设值呈正比。
本公开的第三方面，提供了一种车辆100，如图6所示，所述车辆100包括前述的车身前端组件10。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平 高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本公开的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种保险杠支架(2)，用于与车身模块(3)连接；其中，所述保险杠支架(2)上设有安装孔(22)和弱化部(21)；
    所述安装孔(22)用于实现所述保险杠支架(2)和所述车身模块(3)连接；
    在车的前后方向上，所述弱化部(21)设置在所述安装孔(22)的前方，所述安装孔(22)在车的前后方向上投影和所述弱化部(21)在车的前后方向上投影至少部分重叠，所述弱化部(21)的结构强度小于所述保险杠支架(2)的结构强度。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的保险杠支架(2)，其中，所述安装孔(22)与所述弱化部(21)之间设有连接部(23)，所述连接部(23)用于将所述安装孔(22)与所述弱化部(21)间隔，所述连接部(23)的宽度与所述保险杠支架(2)的溃缩能力成反比。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的保险杠支架(2)，其中，所述弱化部(21)呈长条状，所述弱化部(21)的延伸方向和车的前后方向之间的夹角大小与所述保险杠支架(2)的溃缩能力成反比。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的保险杠支架(2)，其中，所述弱化部(21)的厚度小于所述连接部(23)的厚度。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的保险杠支架(2)，其中，所述弱化部(21)的厚度为零，所述弱化部(21)的形状为长方形、梯形、椭圆形、菱形、三角形、六边形或三角形中的一种。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的保险杠支架(2)，其中，所述弱化部(21)的侧壁为平面或曲面。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的保险杠支架(2)，其中，所述弱化部(21)与所述保险杠支架(2)一体成型。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的保险杠支架(2)，其中，在所述安装孔(22)的前方设置有多个前后相邻的弱化部(21)。
  9. 一种车身前端组件(10)，其中，包括保险杠(1)、车身模块(3)、紧固件(4)和如权利要求1-8之一所述的保险杠支架(2)，所述保险杠(1)与所述保险杠支架(2)固定连接，所述紧固件(4)穿过所述安装孔(22)将所述保险杠支架(2)连接至所述车身模块(3)上，当所述保险杠支架(2)受到的外力大于预设值时，所述紧固件(4)从所述安装孔(22)移动至所述弱化部(21)。
  10. 一种车辆(100)，其中，包括如权利要求9所述的车身前端组件(10)或如权利要求1-8之一所述的保险杠支架(2)。
PCT/CN2023/088009 2022-04-29 2023-04-13 一种保险杠支架、车身前端组件及车辆 WO2023207608A1 (zh)

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