WO2012033389A2 - 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012033389A2 WO2012033389A2 PCT/KR2011/006740 KR2011006740W WO2012033389A2 WO 2012033389 A2 WO2012033389 A2 WO 2012033389A2 KR 2011006740 W KR2011006740 W KR 2011006740W WO 2012033389 A2 WO2012033389 A2 WO 2012033389A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- raw material
- active material
- lithium secondary
- secondary battery
- positive electrode
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005545 pitch carbide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006051 mesophase pitch carbide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910008679 LiaMn1-xMxPO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000156302 Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIXUJRCCNNHWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dioxane Chemical compound C1CCOOC1 OIXUJRCCNNHWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010090 LiAlO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013275 LiMPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metaphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRSFFHRCBYCWBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[O] Chemical compound [O].[O] QRSFFHRCBYCWBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mn+2] IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005609 vinylidenefluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1397—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
- C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
- C01P2004/84—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases one phase coated with the other
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a method for manufacturing the same, and a lithium secondary battery including the same, and more particularly, to a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery exhibiting improved electrochemical properties, a method for manufacturing the same, and a lithium secondary battery including the same. It is about.
- LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNi x Co y Mn z O 2, and the like were mainly used as positive electrode active materials of a lithium secondary battery.
- HEV, PHEV, EV medium and large-sized batteries
- the safety issues of the battery are emerging.
- the positive electrode active material that is currently commercialized, there is a problem such as high price or safety, and research on a new positive electrode active material is being conducted.
- LiMPO 4 Fe, Mn, Co and Ni
- LiFePO 4 has been developed as an energy source of hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles by nano-particle size and carbon coating to improve the problem of low conductivity.
- LiFePO 4 has a problem that energy density is lower than that of other cathode active materials since the average operating voltage is about 3.5V.
- the low energy density means that the required number of cells in a battery is insufficient. In other words, to achieve the same capacity, the volume must be larger.
- Mn 3 + / 4 + (4.1V)
- Fe 2 + / 3 + (3.5 V).
- the present invention is to provide a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery exhibiting excellent electrochemical properties through a low carbon content and a method of manufacturing the same.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a lithium secondary battery including the cathode active material.
- a first embodiment of the present invention is represented by the following formula (1), and includes a particle having an average size of 200 to 1 ⁇ m, provides a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery that a carbon coating layer is formed on the surface of the particle.
- M is any one or a mixture of two or more selected from Mg, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, wherein a is 0.9 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.1, and x is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5.
- a second embodiment of the present invention is represented by the following formula (2), and includes a particle having an average size of 200 to 1 ⁇ m, provides a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery that a carbon coating layer is formed on the surface of the particle.
- a third embodiment of the present invention is represented by the following formula (3), and includes a particle having an average size of 200 to 1 ⁇ m, provides a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery that a carbon coating layer is formed on the surface of the particle.
- the carbon coating layer has a thickness of 5 to 10 nm.
- a lithium mixed material, manganese raw material and phosphorus raw material are added to the alcohol to prepare a metal mixed solution;
- the metal mixed solution may further include a metal raw material, and the metal raw material may be any one or two selected from Mg, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, and Mo. The above mixture can be used.
- the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode including the positive electrode active material, a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material, and a nonaqueous electrolyte.
- the cathode active material of the present invention is a simple synthesis method, consisting of nanoparticles having a uniform carbon coating layer can be obtained a lithium secondary battery cathode active material with improved high rate characteristics as the electrical conductivity is improved.
- the cathode active material according to the embodiment of the present invention is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and uses an average particle diameter of 200 to 1 ⁇ m, and includes secondary particles. At this time, the particles include spherical, elliptical, plate-shaped, but is not limited thereto. In addition, a uniform carbon coating layer is formed on the surface of the particles.
- M is any one or a mixture of two or more selected from Mg, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, wherein a is 0.9 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.1, and x is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5.
- the cathode active material of the present invention is represented by the following Chemical Formula 2 or Chemical Formula 3, and has an average particle diameter of 200 to 1 ⁇ m, and includes secondary particles.
- the particles include spherical, elliptical, plate-shaped, but is not limited thereto.
- a uniform carbon coating layer is formed on the surface of the particles.
- the carbon coating layer is characterized by being coated with a thickness of 5 ⁇ 10nm.
- the average particle diameter of the particles in the positive electrode active material is preferably 200nm to 1 ⁇ m, when the average particle diameter is less than 200nm particles are too fine, there is a problem that a lot of binder (Binder) enters during electrode production. There is also a problem of low tap density. When the average particle diameter exceeds 1 ⁇ m, it is difficult to form the carbon coating layer uniformly, and many carbon sources are required to realize a uniform carbon coating layer.
- the carbon coating layer is formed of amorphous carbon, such as soft carbon (soft carbon: low temperature calcined carbon), pitch carbide, mesophase pitch carbide, calcined coke, sucrose, lucose, PVP, PEG, PVA, nano carbon fiber Etc. can be mentioned.
- the carbon coating layer may have a thickness of about 5 nm to about 10 nm.
- the carbon coating layer may be uniformly coated on the particle surface, desorption and insertion of lithium ions may occur appropriately, and thus may exhibit improved electrochemical properties, and between the electrolyte and the particles. Due to the presence of a carbon layer, it is possible to suppress side reactions caused by HF caused by electrolyte decomposition during high temperature measurement.
- the thickness of the carbon coating layer is less than 5nm, since the carbon coating layer is not uniformly formed on the particles, the portion where the carbon coating layer is not formed causes side reactions by the electrolyte, and a lot of Mn dissolution occurs. The chemical properties are degraded.
- the thickness of the carbon coating layer is more than 10nm, the coating layer is formed too thick to reduce the diffusion (diffusion) rate of Li + ion.
- the oxygen-deficient structure lacks an Oxygen (oxygen) site in the crystal structure.
- the OO binding energy is reduced, which provides a path for Li + ions to be easily removed and inserted in the lattice.
- the Li + ion is easier to move than Formula 1
- the content of the carbon source treated to improve the electrical conductivity is reduced, so that the electrode mixture density increases during electrode production, and has an advantageous advantage in electrode production.
- the positive electrode active material according to the embodiment of the present invention is a nano-sized material having a uniform carbon coating layer, which improves high-rate characteristics, and exhibits a high capacity due to easier oxygen desorption and removal of Li + ions. .
- a lithium mixed material, manganese raw material and phosphorus raw material are added to the alcohol to prepare a metal mixed solution;
- a lithium raw material, a manganese raw material and a phosphorus raw material are added to an alcohol to prepare a dispersion mixture.
- the mixing ratio of the lithium raw material, manganese raw material and phosphorus raw material is adjusted so that Li: Mn: P is 0.95: 1: 1 to 1.1: 1: 1 molar ratio.
- the content of alcohol when preparing the metal mixture is preferably used in a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 10 based on the total content of lithium raw material, manganese raw material and phosphorus raw material, or 50 to 200 mol% of manganese raw material.
- the metal mixed solution may further include a metal raw material, and the metal raw material may be any one or two selected from Mg, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, and Mo.
- M is present in the final product by substituting a part of Mn
- the amount of the metal (hereinafter referred to as M) -containing raw material is M-containing when the total amount of Mn-containing raw material and M-containing raw material is 100 mol%. It is preferable to use content of a raw material in 0 mol% or more and less than 50 mol%. More preferably, 10-20 mol% is used.
- M-containing raw material M-containing sulfate, M-containing hydroxide, M-containing nitrate, M-containing acetate or a mixture thereof can be used . More preferably, Fe is used as the metal raw material, and Fe 2 O 3 or the like may be used as the Fe-containing raw material.
- lithium raw material lithium fluoride, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, lithium nitrate, lithium acetate, or a mixture thereof may be used.
- the manganese raw material may be used manganese chloride, manganese oxide, manganese sulfate, manganese hydroxide, manganese nitrate, manganese acetate or a mixture thereof.
- the phosphorus raw material is phosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, diphosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, monoammonium phosphate, phosphorus pentoxide or mixtures thereof Can be used.
- the dispersion mixture is then milled and atomized.
- Milling time is within 30 to 120 minutes. If the atomization time is less than 30 minutes, the dispersion mixture may not be sufficiently uniformly mixed, and the particles may not be uniformly atomized, thereby making it difficult to obtain particles having a uniform carbon coating layer.
- the atomization time exceeds 120 minutes, the dispersion mixture is mixed evenly, but the atomized particles are reassembled to become larger than the desired particle size. Even in this case, it becomes difficult to form a uniform carbon coating layer with a small amount of carbon raw material.
- the carbonaceous material is added and mixed again using a Spex-mill.
- the carbon raw materials include soft carbon (soft carbon: low temperature calcined carbon), pitch carbide, mesophase pitch carbide, calcined coke, citric acid, ascorbic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, urea, sucrose, glucose, Any one selected from cellulose or a mixture thereof can be used.
- the carbon raw material may be uniformly mixed and heat treated in an inert atmosphere to obtain a uniform carbon coating layer.
- the carbon raw material usage may be 5 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the manganese raw material used. If the content of carbon raw material is less than 5% by weight, the amount of carbon is too small to coat evenly around the particles, causing side reactions with the electrolyte on the surface of some uncoated particles. If excessive, the amount of carbon is present too much and evenly coated carbon particles are present, but most of the particles are locally coated thick, which adversely affects the diffusion rate of lithium, and exhibits poor electrochemical properties.
- the carbon coating layer of the particles after the heat treatment is preferably 5nm to 10nm, by using the content range can satisfy the coating thickness.
- M is any one or a mixture of two or more selected from Mg, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, wherein a is 0.9 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.1, and x is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5.
- the method for preparing a cathode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention is a method for preparing a dispersion mixture, and is easier to manufacture than a hydrothermal synthesis method, a precipitation method, a sol-gel method, a coprecipitation method, and nanoparticles having a uniform carbon coating layer.
- Li a Mn 1-x M x PO 4 (M is any one or a mixture of two or more selected from Mg, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, wherein a is 0.9 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.1, where x is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5) and Li a MnPO 4 (0.95 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.1) material can be synthesized, and the lithium raw material, manganese raw material and phosphorus raw material are uniform at once. It can be mixed easily so that mass synthesis is possible.
- the positive electrode active material according to the embodiment of the present invention may be usefully used for the positive electrode of a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium secondary battery includes a negative electrode and a nonaqueous electrolyte including a negative electrode active material together with a positive electrode.
- the positive electrode is prepared by mixing a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, a binder, and a solvent according to an embodiment of the present invention to prepare a positive electrode active material composition, and then directly coating and drying the aluminum current collector.
- the cathode active material composition may be cast on a separate support, and then the film obtained by peeling from the support may be manufactured by laminating on an aluminum current collector.
- the conductive material is carbon black, graphite, metal powder
- the binder is vinylidene fluoride / hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene And mixtures thereof.
- N-methylpyrrolidone, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, decane, etc. are used as a solvent.
- the contents of the positive electrode active material, the conductive material, the binder, and the solvent are used at levels commonly used in a lithium secondary battery.
- the negative electrode is mixed with a negative electrode active material, a binder, and a solvent to prepare a negative electrode active material composition, which is directly coated on a copper current collector or cast on a separate support and peeled from the support to a copper current collector It is prepared by lamination.
- the negative electrode active material composition may further contain a conductive material if necessary.
- the negative electrode active material a material capable of intercalating / deintercalating lithium is used.
- a material capable of intercalating / deintercalating lithium is used.
- lithium metal, lithium alloy, lithium titanate, silicon, tin alloy, coke, artificial graphite, natural graphite, organic polymer Compound burners, carbon fibers and the like are used.
- a conductive material, a binder, and a solvent are used similarly to the case of the positive electrode mentioned above.
- the separator may be used as long as it is commonly used in lithium secondary batteries.
- polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride or two or more multilayer films thereof may be used, and a polyethylene / polypropylene two-layer separator, It goes without saying that a mixed multilayer film such as polyethylene / polypropylene / polyethylene three-layer separator, polypropylene / polyethylene / polypropylene three-layer separator and the like can be used.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte or a known solid electrolyte may be used, and a lithium salt is used.
- the solvent of the said non-aqueous electrolyte is not specifically limited, Cyclic carbonate, such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate; Chain carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate; Esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate and ⁇ -butyrolactone; Ethers such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dioxane and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran; Nitriles such as acetonitrile; Or amides such as dimethylformamide can be used. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more. In particular, a mixed solvent of a cyclic carbonate and a linear carbonate can be preferably used.
- a gel polymer electrolyte in which an electrolyte solution is impregnated with a polymer electrolyte such as polyethylene oxide or polyacrylonitrile, or an inorganic solid electrolyte such as LiI or Li 3 N can be used.
- a polymer electrolyte such as polyethylene oxide or polyacrylonitrile
- an inorganic solid electrolyte such as LiI or Li 3 N
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , Li (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N, LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiSbF 6 , LiAlO 4 , LiAlCl 4 , One selected from the group consisting of LiCl and LiI is possible.
- an olivine-based cathode active material in which a manufacturing method is easy, mass production is possible, and a uniform carbon coating layer is formed.
- a 4V-class olivine-based positive electrode active material having a partially substituted transition metal or an oxygen deficient structure a positive electrode active material having high capacity, high energy density and excellent thermal safety can be obtained.
- the metal mixture was put into a Spex-mill jar (Spexsamplerprep, 8000M 115 Single Mixer / Mill) and milled at 900 rpm for 100 minutes to prepare fine particles, and 10 wt% of pitch carbide as a carbon raw material was added to 90 wt% of the atomized mixture. Add and mix uniformly.
- the particle diameter of the secondary particles thus prepared was 1 ⁇ m. 80% by weight of the secondary particles, 10% by weight of carbon black (Super-P, conductive material) and 10% by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (binder) were added to n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) to prepare a positive electrode mixture slurry. Prepared. It was coated on one surface of aluminum foil and dried. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
- Example 2 Except for using pitch carbide 30% by weight as a carbon raw material in Example 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2.
- Example 10 Except for using a pitch carbide 30% by weight as a carbon raw material in Example 10 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 10.
- the cathode as a 2032 coin type cell was prepared a half cell using lithium metal, and measured by 0.1C at a charge and discharge voltage of 2.7V-4.4V.
- the cathode active material according to the embodiment of the present invention exhibits excellent capacity of 150 mAh / g or more even at a carbon coating thickness of 10 nm.
- the carbon coating thickness is too thick as shown in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, it was confirmed that the capacity is rather reduced.
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- 평균입경이 200nm ~ 1㎛인 하기 화학식 1의 입자와, 이의 표면에 5 ~ 10nm 두께의 탄소코팅층을 갖는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.[화학식 1]LiaMn1-xMxPO4(상기 식에서, M은 Mg, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo 에서 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 둘 이상의 혼합물이고, 상기 a는 0.9 ≤ a ≤1.1, 상기 x는 0 ≤ x < 0.5 이다.)
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 화학식 1은 하기 화학식 2 또는 화학식 3인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.[화학식 2]LiaMnPO4(상기 식에서, a는 0.9 ≤ a ≤1.1이다.)[화학식 3]LiaMn1-xMxPO4(상기 식에서, M은 Fe이고, 상기 a는 0.9 ≤ a ≤1.1, 상기 x는 0.1 ≤ x ≤0.2이다.)
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 탄소 코팅층은 비정질 탄소로 형성된 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항의 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극;음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극; 및비수 전해액을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
- 리튬 원료 물질, 망간 원료 물질 및 인 원료 물질을 알코올에 첨가하여 금속 혼합액을 제조하고;상기 금속 혼합액을 밀링하여 미립자로 제조하고;상기 미립화된 혼합액에 탄소원료 물질을 넣고 균일하게 혼합하고;상기 혼합물을 비활성 분위기에서 열처리하는 공정을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 금속 혼합액 제조 시 알코올의 함량은 리튬 원료 물질, 망간 원료 물질 및 인 원료 물질의 총 함량 대비 1 : 1 ~ 10 중량비로 사용하거나 망간원료 대비 50 내지 200 몰%로 사용하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 리튬 원료 물질, 망간 원료 물질 및 인 원료 물질의 혼합비율은 Li : Mn : P가 0.9 내지 1.1 : 1 : 1 몰비가 되도록 조절하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 금속 혼합액 제조 시 금속 원료물질을 더 첨가하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 금속 원료물질은 Mg, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo 에서 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 둘 이상의 혼합물인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 9항에 있어서,상기 금속 원료 물질은 망간원료물질과 금속 원료물질의 총량을 100몰%로 하였을 때, 0 몰% 이상 50 몰% 미만으로 사용하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 10항에 있어서,상기 금속 원료 물질은 망간원료물질과 금속 원료물질의 총량을 100몰%로 하였을 때, 10 몰% 이상 20 몰% 미만으로 사용하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 탄소 원료 물질은 소프트 카본(soft carbon: 저온 소성 탄소), 피치탄화물, 메조페이스 피치 탄화물, 소성된 코크스, 시트린산, 아스코르빈산, 폴리비닐알코올, 우레아, 수크로스, 글루코오스, 셀루로오스에서 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 둘 이상의 혼합물인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 비활성 분위기 열처리는 500 내지 800℃에서 실시하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201180043727.2A CN103098273B (zh) | 2010-09-09 | 2011-09-09 | 锂二次电池的正电极活性材料、其生产方法和包含其的锂二次电池 |
JP2013528136A JP5684915B2 (ja) | 2010-09-09 | 2011-09-09 | リチウム2次電池用の陽極活物質とその製造方法およびそれを含むリチウム2次電池 |
US13/821,758 US9203077B2 (en) | 2010-09-09 | 2011-09-09 | Positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, method for producing same, and lithium secondary battery comprising same |
EP11823822.9A EP2615673B1 (en) | 2010-09-09 | 2011-09-09 | Positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, method for producing same, and lithium secondary battery comprising same |
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KR1020110091771A KR101473171B1 (ko) | 2010-09-09 | 2011-09-09 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
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US (1) | US9203077B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2615673B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP5684915B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101473171B1 (ko) |
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EP2615673A2 (en) | 2013-07-17 |
KR101473171B1 (ko) | 2014-12-17 |
EP2615673B1 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
KR20120026466A (ko) | 2012-03-19 |
WO2012033389A3 (ko) | 2012-06-28 |
US9203077B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
JP2013541142A (ja) | 2013-11-07 |
EP2615673A4 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
US20130244112A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 |
CN103098273A (zh) | 2013-05-08 |
JP5684915B2 (ja) | 2015-03-18 |
CN103098273B (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
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