WO2008095403A1 - Arête dentaire artificielle et racine - Google Patents

Arête dentaire artificielle et racine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008095403A1
WO2008095403A1 PCT/CN2008/000200 CN2008000200W WO2008095403A1 WO 2008095403 A1 WO2008095403 A1 WO 2008095403A1 CN 2008000200 W CN2008000200 W CN 2008000200W WO 2008095403 A1 WO2008095403 A1 WO 2008095403A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
artificial
root
top surface
gum
artificial gum
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/000200
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lieh-Tang Chen
Chen-Chu Chen
Original Assignee
5-7 Corporation Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to JP2009547513A priority Critical patent/JP2010517602A/ja
Priority to NZ578238A priority patent/NZ578238A/xx
Application filed by 5-7 Corporation Limited filed Critical 5-7 Corporation Limited
Priority to BRPI0806369-9A priority patent/BRPI0806369A2/pt
Priority to KR1020097015246A priority patent/KR101161481B1/ko
Priority to EA200900894A priority patent/EA015080B1/ru
Priority to AU2008213531A priority patent/AU2008213531A1/en
Priority to EP08700743A priority patent/EP2127613A4/en
Priority to CA2676142A priority patent/CA2676142C/en
Priority to US12/524,361 priority patent/US20100035207A1/en
Priority to CN2008800017999A priority patent/CN101636124B/zh
Priority to MX2009007898A priority patent/MX2009007898A/es
Priority to UAA200907848A priority patent/UA93444C2/uk
Publication of WO2008095403A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008095403A1/zh
Priority to IL199599A priority patent/IL199599A/en
Priority to MA32063A priority patent/MA32043B1/fr
Priority to TNP2009000299A priority patent/TN2009000299A1/fr
Priority to EG2009071095A priority patent/EG25788A/xx
Priority to HK10102473.0A priority patent/HK1134426A1/xx

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/001—Multiple implanting technique, i.e. multiple component implants introduced in the jaw from different directions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0031—Juxtaosseous implants, i.e. implants lying over the outer surface of the jaw bone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0086—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools with shock absorbing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the structure of a denture, and more particularly to an artificially shaped bed and root that can be uniformly distributed and supported by the entire alveolar bone surface and supported by the entire alveolar bone surface, and fixed to the alveolar bone and the cortical bone. Background technique
  • the earliest method is to place the denture directly on the gums. Although this method is simple, the user is more likely to have a foreign body sensation, can not chew hard objects, and may not be fixed. And shortcomings such as inflammation of the gums.
  • the problem with this approach is that the denture is supported only by a single pile, and it is fixed on the sponge-like alveolar bone with low density and hardness, so the bearing capacity is poor, and if the alveolar bone has been seriously absorbed and shrunk If the height and width of the gums are insufficient, the teeth cannot be implanted, and even the implants are prone to failure. Moreover, due to problems such as torsion or shearing force during chewing, the implant may be loosened or the alveolar bone may be damaged. In addition, after the artificial root is implanted, it takes about six months to recover the denture. This is another question.
  • an artificial root having a U-shaped or saddle type, a covering type, or the like, or an auxiliary member such as a lip (1 ip), a flange, a shoulder, or the like.
  • Chinese Patent No. CN1537516 (200310101638.
  • the previous case has a bite force transmission and scattered structural design, it still has the same shortcomings of supporting the whole set of dentures by a few piles, and has the same shortcomings as the pile support of the above artificial roots, such as fixing in density and hardness. Both are lower on the spongy alveolar bone, so the bearing capacity is poor, and if the alveolar bone has been severely absorbed and atrophy, the height and width of the gums are insufficient, and the single implant can not be implanted, even if implanted, it is easy to fail. Moreover, due to problems such as torque or shear force during chewing, the implant may be loosened or the alveolar bone may be damaged, and it takes about six months to recover the denture after the implant is implanted.
  • the most important thing is that the structure does not have a narrow upper and lower wide cylinder and a thinner carrier on both sides of the middle thickness.
  • the mechanical structure of the force-distributed and evenly distributed conduction can not be evenly distributed and transmitted, so that the conduction of the force is poor.
  • the force is not average.
  • the main body is composed of a flat metal plate, and there is no tapered root and a thin intermediate end.
  • the mechanical structure design of the force-distributed conduction, and because it is not a one-piece design, the bolt should be bolted to the head with the screw hole to receive the bridge or denture.
  • the structural design is only to enhance the fixing effect, so Although its fixed effect is good, it can not effectively conduct and disperse the force, and its structure is also fragile. The most important thing is that the bottoms of the above four cases have no design corresponding to the surface of the alveolar bone and can be closely combined.
  • the force cannot be fully and evenly transmitted to every point on the surface of the alveolar bone. Supported by a few convex high points on the surface of the alveolar bone, resulting in uneven force, resulting in damage or atrophy of the protruding alveolar bone, further causing the device to loosen.
  • the four are not based on the mechanical support principle of the Raft Foundation. This is because it is difficult to obtain a precise alveolar bone surface model in the early stage. It is difficult to make a product that is completely densely combined with the surface of the alveolar bone and is fixed and fixed on it.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a set of artificial gums and roots with large supporting force, average force and stability.
  • the design of the present invention has a top surface and a bottom surface, and the top surface and the bottom surface are convex in the same direction, so that the cross section of the artificial dental bed forms a thinner shape on both sides of the thicker portion, and then the artificial The tooth bed is provided with a plurality of roots and corresponding dentures, so that the force exerted by the denture during chewing is transmitted through the upper and lower wide roots and the artificial gums whose thickness extends from the middle to the sides, and expands and disperses downwards.
  • This configuration has a good mechanical transmission principle.
  • the bottom surface of the structure is formed according to the shape of the surface of the alveolar bone to correspond to each point on the surface of the alveolar bone, and the shape structure can be completely tightly combined, so that there is no between the artificial gum and the alveolar bone.
  • the gap allows the force of the denture to be supported by the interface of the concave and convex, fully and evenly supported by each point on the solid and hard alveolar cortical bone.
  • This structure has an architectural " ⁇ foundation" (Raft Foundation)'s mechanical support principle, which averages the force transmitted by the whole set of dentures at each point on the entire alveolar bone surface, and replaces the traditional pile foundation with a raft foundation, which is average and stable.
  • the structure is weak and the conduction of the force is not continued and the conduction is poor, and the present invention is used as an important part of the conduction and support of the force.
  • the present invention is used as an important part of the conduction and support of the force.
  • each of the main patent scopes (as described in the first, thirteenth, twenty-fifth, and thirty-seventh patent ranges) has the following special structures that are not available in the following three previous cases - one is
  • the upper and lower wide roots and the thickness are composed of a thick curved intermediate artificial tooth bed which is gradually extended toward the two sides, and can expand the mechanical transmission structure of the average dispersed conduction under force;
  • the bottom is provided with a shape corresponding to each surface of the alveolar bone, and the shape structure of the concave and convex portions corresponding to the concave and convex portions, so that the structure of the mechanical support of the artificial tooth bed and the root of the root is completely adhered through the concave and convex portions of the structure.
  • the interface allows all the roots to be fully and evenly transmitted to each point on the surface of the alveolar bone, replacing the pile with a raft foundation to support the force;
  • the structure in which the entire artificial gum and the root structure are integrally formed has no detachable parts and combinations that cause structural weakness and poor power transmission.
  • the above three special structures have designs that are designed at the same time or individually, and can be designed separately into two special structures.
  • the present invention is an integrally formed structure comprising a plurality of single artificial roots and an artificial dental bed used as a carrier, and the range includes artificial gums and roots of a whole or partial structure.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the device in the alveolar bone
  • Figure 8 is a bottom view of the artificial gum of the sixth embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a seventh embodiment
  • Figure 10 is a side view of the bolt fixing pile of the artificial gum of the fifth and fourth embodiments. detailed description
  • a first embodiment of the present invention includes: An artificial dental bed 10 having a crescent shape in conformity with the shape of the upper jaw portion or the lower jaw portion of the human body, and the thickness extending from the thicker curved portion toward the two sides; the artificial dental bed 10 having a top surface 11 and a
  • the bottom surface 12 has a top surface 11 provided with a plurality of upper and lower width roots 13 , and the bottom surface 12 is formed according to the shape of the surface of the alveolar bone 5 so as to completely adhere to the alveolar bone 5, between the two Without any gaps, the force of the root can pass through the mechanically conductive structure, and it is transmitted comprehensively and evenly to every point on the cortical bone 4 of the alveolar bone 5, from the rigid cortical bone 5
  • the bone 4 is supported; the bottom surface 12 of the artificial tooth bed 10 is provided with a plurality of positioning piles 14.
  • the surface of the locating pile is provided with a lateral or longitudinal ridge 15 , and the end of the locating pile is relatively wide to form a card portion 16 , and the locating post 14 can also have a ring shape without a card portion.
  • Other frictional structures such as dots or teeth.
  • a socket 20 is formed in an arch shape with the artificial dental bed 10, and a plurality of pillars 21 are protruded from the top surface of the socket, and the dentures 30 are arranged on the pillars 21, and the artificial teeth 31 can be used between the dentures and the dentures.
  • the connection is to prevent the appearance from appearing unnatural.
  • the bottom surface of the socket is provided with a plurality of pockets 22 for one-to-one correspondence with the roots 13 on the artificial gums 10.
  • the denture 30 and the artificial gingival 31 are combined with the socket 20 to form a denture set, and then the denture set is sleeved on the artificial dental bed 10, and a gap is formed between the bottom of the denture set and the top surface of the artificial dental bed 10 during the setting.
  • additional bolts 25 may be placed transversely to the root of the denture and the root of the artificial tooth bed 10 to strengthen the combination, as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of positioning holes are drilled at predetermined positions of the alveolar bone before the artificial gum 10 is installed, and then filled with bone cement which is biodegradable and can be replaced by autogenous bone. , or other similar materials.
  • the pile foot 16 of the positioning pile 14 has a large area, and the purpose is to fix the bone cement after the bone cement is solidified and the bone cement is disassembled and replaced into the autogenous bone material, so that the positioning pile 14 is not easy to loosen, and the artificial dental bed 10 can be fixed to the artificial tooth bed 10 by this.
  • the artificial dental bed 10 of the present invention is closely adhered to the surface of the alveolar bone 5, and the denture is used to support the root 13 and the intermediate thickness of the upper and lower widths.
  • the artificial dental bed 10, which is gradually extended to the sides, has a mechanical transmission structure that is downwardly expanded and dispersed, and uses the mechanical support principle of the architectural " ⁇ foundation" of the bottom surface 12 of the artificial dental bed 10, from the alveolar bone 5 cortex.
  • the whole surface of the bone 4 supports the force transmitted by the denture on average.
  • the recipient has an average and wide area, so it is stable and has a large bearing capacity. It can chew hard food, so that the denture can have the same function as a normal tooth.
  • the alveolar bone 5 can withstand a uniform and large area of pressure for a long time without being easily atrophied.
  • the artificial gum bed 10 is spanned on the cortical bone 4 of the harder alveolar bone 5, even if the alveolar bone has absorbed Atrophy to the width of the gums is not enough, or osteoporosis can still be implanted into the denture.
  • the artificial tooth bed 10 and the artificial root 13 of the present invention are arranged differently from the conventional implants, the time course of the entire medical treatment can be greatly shortened, and the denture group can be set on the artificial dental bed 10 after about one week of healing of the gums, without Wait another six months.
  • the main structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the positioning post 14 is further provided with a bolt 17 to improve the fixing effect of the artificial gum and the alveolar bone.
  • the bolts do not need to be provided with a bolt relative to each of the locating piles.
  • the bolts can be set in three or five ways to enhance the fixing effect.
  • the main structure is mostly the same as that of the previous embodiment, except that the positioning pile 14 of the artificial gum is a set of two or two sets of positioning piles on the artificial dental bed 10.
  • the bottom surface is reinforced by a bolt 17, but still achieves the same utility as the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 which is a fourth embodiment of the present invention
  • the main structure is similar to that of the first embodiment, with the difference that the curved bottom surface of the artificial tooth bed 10 is not convexly set to the pile 14, but is made of a bolt.
  • the artificial gum is locked to the top surface of the alveolar bone for positioning the pile.
  • the artificial dental bed 10 is also a bolt as a positioning pile 14 and is provided with two sets of bolts on the artificial gum. Fixed on both sides to lock the artificial gum to the alveolar bone.
  • the artificial dental bed 10 is directly disposed on the cortical bone 4 of the alveolar bone, but if the alveolar bone has severely atrophied or osteoporosis, the width and height of the alveolar bone are insufficient, and the nerve groove is 3 is too close to the surface of the alveolar bone, etc., and the height and stability of the root 13 are adjusted, and the width of both sides of the artificial gum 10 is moderately adjusted.
  • the present invention can still be installed, as shown in Fig. 7, which is different from the old planting.
  • the tooth may not be installed or may damage the nerve groove 3 and so on.
  • the artificial gums in order to quickly restore the gums of the artificial gums 10 after installation, and to obtain a more complete and stable coating effect, the artificial gums can be further provided with a plurality of through holes 18, such as Figure 8 shows the combination of the artificial gum and the human body.
  • the bottom surface of the artificial gum can also be recessed with a recess 19 having a small inner width.
  • the special technique can be used to make the new alveolar bone. Long bone
  • the recess 19 is inserted into the artificial gum 10 to increase the fixing effect of the artificial gum after installation.
  • a concave ring 131 may be disposed on the surface of the root 13
  • a convex ring 211 may be disposed on the inner side of the socket cavity 22 to engage with each other.
  • a pad 40 may be added to the top of the root to cushion the force of the denture on the artificial root during occlusion.
  • the bolts of the fifth, fourth, and seventh embodiments of the present invention may be a general bolt or a circular bolt having a card portion, and the end is flat and the body is provided with a plurality of bolts.
  • the through hole 141 is formed to form a card portion.
  • the purpose of the bolt with the card portion is: before the artificial dental bed 10 is screwed, the bone cement is filled in the positioning hole, the solidified bone cement is decomposed and replaced into new bone, and the bone cement can be filled without osseointegration. New bone is produced, and both sides of the flat surface of the bolt end and the solidified bone cement or new bone in the through hole can become a card portion to catch the bolt, and the fixing effect is made to make the bolt difficult to rotate and loose.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Description

人工牙床及牙根
技术领域
本发明涉及义齿的结构， 特别是一种能将受力平均分散传导， 并由整个齿槽骨表 面支撑该受力的一体成型结构， 而固定在齿槽骨及皮质骨的人工牙床与牙根。 背景技术
目前就义齿的装设有许多种不同的做法，最早的做法是直接将义齿设置在牙龈上， 这种做法虽然简便可是使用者却较容易有异物感， 不能咀嚼硬物， 并且会有不易固定 及造成牙龈发炎等缺点。
另一种做法是人工牙根， 也就是平常最常见的植牙， 这种做法在许多的先前专利 案件例如： 美国专利第 4359318, 6322364, 542847, 6916177, 5306149, 6991463, 3925892, 4722687、 4344757、 4964801、 6655962 等等的案件都己有了详细的揭露。 此种做法的问题在于义齿仅只靠单一的基桩在支撑， 而且又是固定在密度及硬度都较 低的海绵状齿槽骨上， 所以承载力较差， 并且若齿槽骨已严重吸收萎缩致牙床高度与 宽度不够者， 不可植牙， 即使植牙也容易失败。 而且由于咀嚼时扭力或剪力等问题， 也会造成植体的松脱或是齿槽骨的受损， 另外在植入人工牙根后必需经过约六个月左 右的复原时间才能再装置义齿， 这又是另一个问题。
另外， 有一种以 U型或鞍型、 覆盖型等具包覆式结构， 或设有唇状物（l ip) 、 凸 缘 (flange) 、 肩状物（shoulder)等辅助构件的人工牙根，例如：美国专利第 5906489、 4702697、 5052930、 5513989、 3579829、 4121340、 4379694、 4531916、 5201736、 5759033、 5944526、 6287118中国专利第 CN1537516 (200310101638. 6)号等等案件中所揭露的， 此种人工牙根虽有不同于单基桩的包覆或辅助设计， 但是整体结构都是着重在固定的 问题上， 以基桩为主要受力的结构， 受力的部分集中于基桩的下方， 基桩的面积有限， 因此造成齿槽骨的受力面不够广， 不能够将力量平均的分散， 所以仍有受力不平均容 易损坏的问题。
综合以上的前案以及目前市面上所贩卖的大多数植体结构来看， 其做法都只着重 在如何固定， 因为咀嚼时义齿所受的压力、 扭力与剪力无法被顺利的传导分散， 所以 就必须要有一强而有力的固定方式和结构来与的对抗， 因此， 这些前案主要的结构重 点都着重在如何将植体牢固且稳定的固定在齿槽骨上， 并且絶大多数都是固定在较松 散的海绵状齿槽骨处， 而非固定在较为密实、 坚硬的齿槽骨皮质骨的部分， 这样的结 构都没有注意到咬合时受力以及力量的平衡与平均分散的问题， 也没有注意到牙床部 分可能受损或萎缩的状况。
这些前案多着重在单一个义齿的结构上。 另外有一些前案所揭露的结构是以整口 的义齿结构为主， 例如： 美国专利第 4225668、 4741698、 4767328、 5098296、 6382975、 6685473、 6692254以及 7234940等案。 都是在齿槽骨上装置数颗单支人工植体， 再联 结这些单支植体， 装置横梁在牙龈上， 着重在联合多个基桩所做成的架桥作为义齿组 的支撑， 这些前案虽有咬合力传达与分散的结构设计， 可是却也仍由少数基桩在支撑 整组义齿的咬合力量， 和上述人工牙根的基桩式支撑具有相同的缺点， 如固定在密度 及硬度都较低的海绵状齿槽骨上， 所以承载力较差， 并且若齿槽骨已严重吸收萎缩致 牙床高度与宽度不够， 不可植入单支植体， 即使植入也容易失败。 而且由于咀嚼时扭 力或剪力等问题， 也会造成植体的松脱或是齿槽骨的受损， 且在植入植体后必需经过 约六个月左右的复原时间才能再装置义齿。
另外， 美国专利第 2836890所揭露的虽是整组固定于齿槽骨表面， 但其装置底部 并无与齿槽骨表面凹凸密合的设计， 容易造成咀嚼时的受力由齿槽骨表面少数凸出的 高点支撑， 造成凸出高点的齿槽骨受损或萎缩而致该装置松脱失败。 而且该装置非一 体成型的义齿承载结构， 是以螺丝将义齿固定在该装置上， 结构脆弱且在力的传导上 并不能够延续， 以致咬合时的压力、 扭力与剪力易使螺丝松脱。 最重要的是该结构并 无由上窄下宽柱体及中间厚两侧渐薄的载体等， 能将受力平均分散传导的力学结构设 计， 力量无法平均分散传导， 以致力的传导不良受力不平均。
又如美国专利第 5906489以及 2006/0154205A1案，虽然这二件案件在牙根的部分 有类似锥状的设计， 可是这二件案件的上牙根与底下植入海绵状齿槽骨用来做主要受 力的下牙根是分离的， 并不是一体成形的设计， 所以结构脆弱且在力的传导上并不能 够延续， 而且与前述基桩式植体一样具有相同的缺点， 如固定在承载力较差海绵状齿 槽骨上， 且不适于齿槽骨己严重吸收萎缩， 再者此二件前案也没有中间厚两侧薄而能 将受力平均分散传导的力学结构设计， 所以在力的传导上效果是很差的。
还有如美国专利第 4379694案， 这个案件虽然揭露了弧形跨坐的结构， 但其主体 是由一金属平板 (flat metal plate)构成 ， 并没有锥形牙根以及中间厚两端薄等能将 受力平均分散传导的力学结构设计， 而且也因不是一体成形的设计， 需栓接螺丝于其 上设有螺孔的头部以承接牙桥或义齿， 其结构设计只在于提升固定的效果， 所以其固 定的效果虽然好， 可是却无法将力做有效的传导与分散， 且其结构也是脆弱的。 最重要的是上述四个前案的底部并无与齿槽骨表面凹凸相对应而可密合在一起 的设计， 受力无法全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨表面的每一个点， 都是由齿槽骨表面少 数凸出的高点支撑， 造成受力不平均， 致凸出的齿槽骨受损或萎缩， 而进一步导致该 装置松脱失败。 总括来说四者都非采用 "筏式基础" (Raft Foundation)的力学支撑原 理。 此乃因早期取得精密的齿槽骨表面模型技术难度高， 难以制作与齿槽骨表面凹凸 相对应而完全密合并固定于其上的产品， 但现今 3D摄影及 3D影像成型技术成熟， 加 上计算机数控 (CNC)切割等等技术，要制造与齿槽骨表面完全凹凸相密合的精细产品不 困难， 要做到跨置而且密合于齿槽骨表面， 让义齿的咬合力透过该一体成形的力学传 导结构， 全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨的皮质骨上的每一个点， 完全由结构坚硬的齿槽 骨皮质骨来支撑已不是很大的问题。
为解决此等问题， 申请人于的前已提出申请号码为 PCT/CN2007/000353【固定在齿槽 骨表面的义齿载体】 的 PCT发明案在前， 但为求使产品更为完善及创新又新的研发精 神， 在此更提出本案。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一组撑力大、 受力平均且稳定的人工牙床与牙根。 为达成上述目的， 本发明设计一构造具有一顶面及一底面， 该顶面与底面朝同一 方向凸起， 使该人工牙床的断面形成中间较厚两侧较薄的形状， 再于该人工牙床上设 置多个牙根以及对应的义齿， 如此使义齿在咀嚼时承受的受力， 透过上窄下宽的牙根 及厚度由中间往两侧渐薄延伸的人工牙床， 往下扩张分散传导， 此构造具有良好的力 学传导原理。
另外， 该结构底面依齿槽骨表面的形状制作一与齿槽骨表面的每一个点呈凹凸相 对应， 而可完全密合在一起的的形状构造， 使人工牙床与齿槽骨间没有任何空隙， 让 义齿的受力透过此凹凸密合的接口， 全面且平均地由结构扎实而坚硬的齿槽骨皮质骨 上的每一个点来支撑， 此构造具有建筑学上 "筏式基础" （Raft Foundation)的力学支 撑原理， 以整个齿槽骨表面的每一个点平均承载整组义齿所传递下来的力量， 用筏式 基础取代传统的基桩式基础， 其受力平均且稳定。
此外， 为避免结构由诸如螺丝等各种零件组合， 构成零件接合部位的结构弱点， 不但使结构脆弱且力的传导不延续而传导不良， 本发明将用来作为力的传导及支撑的 重要部分， 结合设计成一体成型构造， 使成一组撑力大、 受力平均、 坚固稳定且力量 传导良好的构造。 本发明技术重点是每一个主要专利范围（如第一、 十三、 二十五、 三十七项专利 范围所述)都同时或个别具备下列三项前案所没有的特殊结构- 一是由上窄下宽的牙根及厚度由弧形较厚的中间朝两侧渐薄延伸的人工牙床共 同组成， 而能将受力往下扩张平均分散传导的力学传导结构；
二是底部设有一与齿槽骨表面的每一个点， 呈凹凸相对应而密合在一起的形状构 造， 使该人工牙床与牙根的底面具力学支撑的结构， 透过该结构凹凸完全密合的接口， 让所有牙根的受力全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨表面的每一个点， 以筏式基础取代基桩 来支撑受力；
三是整个人工牙床与牙根的结构为一体成型的结构 没有可拆解而造成结构脆弱 和力量传导不良的零件及组合。
上述三项特殊结构有同时或个别具备的设计， 也可分别两两具备设计成另外的特 殊结构。
本发明为结合多个单支人工牙根， 及用来当做载体的人工牙床所组成的一体成型 构造， 范围包括整口或局部结构的人工牙床及牙根。
为能详细解释本发明的结构、 特征及功效， 以下兹举七实施例并配合图式说明如下： 附图说明
图 1为第一实施例的立体分解图；
图 2为第一实施例的断面示意图；
图 3为第二实施例的断面示意图； ·
图 4为第三实施例的断面示意图；
图 5为第四实施例的断面示意图；
图 6为第五实施例的断面示意图；
图 7为本发明装置于齿槽骨的另一断面示意图；
图 8为第六实施例人工牙床的底视图；
图 9为第七实施例的断面示意图；
图 10为第五及第四实施例人工牙床的螺栓固定桩侧视图。 具体实施方式
如图 1至图 2所示， 为本发明的第一实施例， 包含有： 一人工牙床 10, 其断面配合人体上颚部或下颚部的形状而呈新月状， 同时厚度则 由弧形较厚的中间朝两侧渐薄延伸； 该人工牙床 10具有一顶面 11及一底面 12， 其顶 面 11设有多个上窄下宽的牙根 13， 其底面 12是依齿槽骨 5表面的形状制作， 使其完 全凹凸密合于齿槽骨 5上面， 两者的间没有任何空隙， 才能让牙根的受力透过该力学 传导结构， 全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨 5的皮质骨（cortical bone) 4上的每一个点， 由结构坚硬的齿槽骨 5皮质骨 4来支撑； 该人工牙床 10底面 12设有多个定位桩 14。 在本实施例中， 该定位桩表面设有横向或纵向凸紋 15, 并且该定位桩的末端较为宽大 而形成一卡部 16， 该定位桩 14亦可不设卡部而改以具有环状、 点状或齿状等其它具 摩擦力的结构。
一牙座 20， 配合人工牙床 10呈拱形， 该牙座顶面凸设有多个承柱 21， 各承柱 21 上可供设置义齿 30， 而义齿与义齿的间可以用人工齿龈 31加以连结， 以避免外观上 看来会显得不自然， 该牙座底面则设有多个容穴 22， 用以一对一的对应该人工牙床 10 上的牙根 13。
义齿 30及人工齿龈 31与牙座 20结合成为义齿组，的后再将该义齿组套设于该人 工牙床 10， 套设时该义齿组底部与该人工牙床 10的顶面间会有一间隙， 以供容置齿 龈 6。 必要时可以再加设螺栓 25横向穿设于该义齿组与该人工牙床 10的牙根 13， 强 化其结合， 如图 2所示。
第一实施例在装设人工牙床 10前要先在齿槽骨的预定位置钻设多个定位孔，然后 填入以可分解 （biodegradable ) 并且可被自体骨质取代的骨水泥（bone cement) , 或 其它类似的材料。 定位桩 14桩脚 16面积较大， 目的是在骨水泥固化及骨水泥分解置 换成自体骨质后， 皆能产生固定作用， 使定位桩 14不易松动， 通过此可以使该人工牙 床 10固定于齿槽骨 5上。
不同于以往着重于固定的义齿结构，本发明的人工牙床 10与齿槽骨 5的表面密合 而跨坐其上， 义齿利用承柱 21将受力由上窄下宽的牙根 13及中间厚而往两侧渐薄延 伸的人工牙床 10等具力学传导结构向下扩张分散传导， 并且利用人工牙床 10底面 12 所采用建筑学上 "筏式基础" 的力学支撑原理， 由齿槽骨 5皮质骨 4的整个表面平均 支撑义齿所传递下来的力量， 受方平均且面积广， 所以稳固且承载力较大， 可以咀嚼 坚硬的食物， 进而让义齿能具有与正常的牙齿相同的功能， 也因着齿槽骨 5可以长期 承受均匀且大面积的压力而不易萎缩。
由于人工牙床 10是跨置在结构较坚硬的齿槽骨 5皮质骨 4上，纵使齿槽骨己吸收 萎缩至牙床宽度不够， 或骨质疏松仍然可以植入载体做义齿。 而且由于本发明人工牙 床 10与人工牙根 13的设置方式与以往的植牙不同， 所以可以大幅缩短整个医疗的时 程， 约一周牙龈愈合后即可将义齿组套设于该人工牙床 10， 不必再等六个月的时间。
如图 3所示， 为本发明的第二实施例， 主要结构与第一实施例相同， 不同处在于 该定位桩 14更加设一螺栓 17, 以提升人工牙床与齿槽骨的固定效果， 该螺栓的设置 并不需要相对于每一定位桩就设置一螺栓， 该螺栓可以设置三或五个的方式即可提升 固定效果。
如图 4所示， 为本发明的第三实施例， 主要的结构大多与前一实施例相同， 不同 处在于该人工牙床的定位桩 14是将定位桩两两一组的设置于人工牙床 10的底面并且 以一螺栓 17加以强化固定， 但仍与第一实施例能达成相同的使用功效。
图 5所示， 为本发明的第四实施例， 主要的结构与第一实施例相似， 差别在于该 人工牙床 10的弧形底面并未凸设定位桩 14, 而是以一螺栓来做为定位桩将人工牙床 锁固于齿槽骨的顶面。
图 6所示， 为本发明的第五实施例， 与前一实施例相同， 该人工牙床 10同样是以 螺栓来做为定位桩 14并且是将螺栓两两一组螺设在该人工牙床的两侧来固定，将该人 工牙床锁固于齿槽骨。
以本发明第五实施例的结构， 该人工牙床 10是直接设置于齿槽骨上皮质骨 4， 但 若齿槽骨己严重萎缩或骨质疏松， 齿槽骨宽度及高度已不够、 神经槽 3太接近齿槽骨 表面等等状况， 则视牙根 13高度和稳定度， 适度的调整人工牙床 10两侧的宽度后， 本发明的仍然可以装设， 如图 7所示， 不同于昔日植牙会发生无法装设或是可能会伤 及神经槽 3等等问题。
上揭的各实施例或有些不同， 但其基本的实质是相同的， 都是利用渐大渐广的力 学传导结构特性， 将力做有效的分散传导， 和以筏式基础取代基桩来支撑受力的力学 支撑结构特性， 以及一体成型的坚固耐用结构特性以达到受力平均、 支撑力大且稳定 的一个固定在齿槽骨表面人工牙床与牙根的目的。
除上述各实施例的结构外， 为使人工牙床 10在装设后牙龈能快速的复原， 并获得 更完整且稳定的包覆效果， 该人工牙床上更可以分散设置多个通孔 18， 如图 8所示， 以增加人工牙床与人体的结合性。
另外， 为了能更增加人工牙床 10在安装后的固定效果， 该人工牙床的底面也可以 凹设一开口小内宽的凹部 19， 如图 9所示， 如此可以利用特殊技术让齿槽骨新骨质长 入该人工牙床 10的凹部 19内， 以增加人工牙床在装设后的固定效果。 另外， 该牙根 13的表面可设置凹环 131 , 牙座容穴 22的内侧则可对应设置凸环 211， 互相卡合。 并 且在该牙根的顶部可再加设一垫片 40， 以缓冲咬合时义齿组作用在人工牙根上的的力 量。
图 10所示， 为本发明的第五及第四、 第七实施例的螺栓， 可以为一般的螺栓或是 一具有卡部的圆形螺栓， 其末端呈扁平状且螺身设有多个通孔 141 以形成一卡部。 装 置该具有卡部的螺栓目的是： 在螺设人工牙床 10前先在定位孔填入骨水泥， 固化的骨 水泥会分解置换成新骨质， 另外亦可未填入骨水泥而经由骨整合产生新骨质， 螺栓末 端扁平面的两侧及通孔中的固化骨水泥或新骨质， 皆能成为一卡部卡住该螺栓， 产生 固定作用使螺栓不易转动而松脱。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种人工牙床与牙根， 用以完整贴附于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于包含有： 一人工牙床， 其断面呈新月状， 同时厚度则由弧形较厚的中间朝两侧渐薄延伸， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个上窄下宽的牙根， 使该人工牙床与 牙根形成一具力学传导的结构，其底面设有一与齿槽骨表面的每一个点呈凹凸相对应， 而可密合在一起的形状构造， 使该人工牙床与牙根的底面具力学支撑的结构， 透过该 结构凹凸密合的接口， 可让所有牙根的受力全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨表面的每一个 点， 让整个齿槽骨的表面来支撑受力， 该人工牙床与牙根为一体成形的结构。
2. 依据权利要求 1所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床与牙根更包 含有一牙座， 该牙座的断面呈弧形， 该牙座顶面凸设有多个承柱， 各承柱上设置一义 齿， 该牙座底面则设有多个容穴， 用以一对一的对应该人工牙床上的牙根。
3. 一种人工牙床与牙根， 用以完整贴附于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含有- 一人工牙床， 其断面呈新月状， 同时厚度则由弧形较厚的中间朝两侧渐薄延伸， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个上窄下宽的牙根， 使该人工牙床与 牙根形成一具力学传导的结构，其底面设有一与齿槽骨表面的每一个点呈凹凸相对应， 而可密合在一起的形状构造， 使该人工牙床与牙根的底面具力学支撑的结构， 透过该 结构凹凸密合的接口，让所有牙根的受力全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨表面的每一个点， 让整个齿槽骨的表面来支撑受力， 该人工牙床与牙根为一体成形的结构。
一义齿，相对于人工牙床与牙根顶面设有多个义齿，该义齿底面则设有多个凹穴， 用以一对一的直接对应该人工牙床上的牙根。
4. 依据权利要求 1所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床与牙根更包 含有一定位桩。
5. 依据权利要求 4所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该定位桩表面设有具摩 擦力的结构， 其末端亦可较为宽大而形成一卡部。
6. 一种人工牙床与牙根， 用以完整贴附于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含有： 一人工牙床， 其断面呈新月状， 同时厚度则由弧形较厚的中间朝两侧渐薄延伸， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个上窄下宽的牙根， 使该人工牙床与 牙根形成一具力学传导的结构，其底面设有一与齿槽骨表面的每一个点呈凹凸相对应， 而可密合在一起的形状构造， 使该人工牙床与牙根的底面具力学支撑的结构， 透过该 结构凹凸密合的接口，让所有牙根的受力全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨表面的每一个点，二 让整个齿槽骨的表面来支撑受力， 该人工牙床与牙根为一体成形的结构， 且设有多个 螺栓做为定位桩。
7.依据权利要求 6所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 所述螺栓为圆形螺栓， 其 末端呈扁平状且螺身设有多个通孔而形成一卡部。
8.依据权利要求 6所述人工牙床与牙根，其中所述螺身可设有多个通孔以形成一 卡部。
9. 依据权利要求 1所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床的底面也以 凹设一开口小而内宽的凹部。
10. 依据权利要求 1所述人工牙床与牙根，其特征在于，该牙根的表面设置凹环， 该牙座容穴的内侧则对应设置凸环， 互相卡合。
11. 依据权利要求 1所述人工牙床与牙根，其特征在于，该牙根的顶部设一垫片。
12. —种人工牙床与牙根， 用以完整贴附于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含有- 一人工牙床， 其断面呈新月状， 同时厚度则由弧形较厚的中间朝两侧渐薄延伸， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个上窄下宽的牙根， 使该人工牙床与 牙根形成一具力学传导的结构，其底面设有一与齿槽骨表面的每一个点呈凹凸相对应， 而密合在一起的形状构造， 使该人工牙床与牙根的底面具力学支撑的结构， 透过该结 构凹凸密合的接口， 让所有牙根的受力全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨表面的每一个点， 让整个齿槽骨的表面来支撑受力， 该人工牙床与牙根为一体成形的结构， 其中该人工 牙床上分散设置多个通孔。
13. 一种人工牙床与牙根， 用以跨置并被固定于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含 有：
一人工牙床， 其断面呈新月状， 同时厚度则由弧形较厚的中间朝两侧渐薄延伸， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个上窄下宽的牙根， 使该人工牙床与 牙根形成一具力学传导的结构， 其底面下凹的弧部是用以配合齿槽骨顶面弯曲的弧度 跨置并固定于其上。
14. 依据权利要求 13所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床与牙根更 包含有一牙座， 该牙座的断面呈弧形， 该牙座顶面凸设有多个承柱， 各承柱上设置一 义齿， 该牙座底面则设有多个容穴， 用以一对一的对应该人工牙床上的牙根。
15. 一种人工牙床与牙根， 用以跨置并被固定于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含 有- 一人工牙床， 其断面呈新月状， 同时厚度则由弧形较厚的中间朝两侧渐薄延伸， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个上窄下宽的牙根， 使该人工牙床与 牙根形成一具力学传导的结构， 其底面下凹的弧部是用以配合齿槽骨顶面弯曲的弧度 而可以跨置并固定于其上。
一义齿， 相对于人工牙床与牙根顶面设有多个义齿， 该义齿底面则设有多个凹穴， 用以一对一的直接对应该人工牙床上的牙根。
16. 依据权利要求 13所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床与牙根更包 含有一定位桩。
17. 依据权利要求 16所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该定位桩表面设有具摩 擦力的结构， 其末端亦可较为宽大而形成一卡部。
18. —种人工牙床与牙根， 用以跨置并被固定于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含 有- 一人工牙床， 其断面呈新月状， 同时厚度则由弧形较厚的中间朝两侧渐薄延伸， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个上窄下宽的牙根， 使该人工牙床与 牙根形成一具力学传导的结构， 其底面下凹的弧部是用以配合齿槽骨顶面弯曲的弧度 而可以跨置并固定于其上， 该人工牙床与牙根设有多个螺栓做为定位桩。
19.依据权利要求 18所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 所述螺栓为圆形螺栓， 其末端呈扁平状且螺身设有多个通孔而形成一卡部。
20.依据权利要求 18所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 所述螺身设有多个通孔 以形成一卡部。
21. 依据权利要求 13所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床的底面凹设 一开口小而内宽的凹部。
22. 依据权利要求 13所述人工牙床与牙根，其特征在于，该牙根的表面设置凹环， 该牙座容穴的内侧则对应设置凸环， 互相卡合。
23. 依据权利要求 13所述人工牙床与牙根，其特征在于，该牙根的顶部设一垫片。
24. —种人工牙床与牙根， 用以跨置并被固定于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含 有- 一人工牙床， 其断面呈新月状， 同时厚度则由弧形较厚的中间朝两侧渐薄延伸， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个上窄下宽的牙根， 使该人工牙床与 牙根形成一具力学传导的结构， 其底面下凹的弧部是用以配合齿槽骨顶面弯曲的弧度 而可以跨置并固定于其上， 其中该人工牙床上分散设置多个通孔。
25.一种人工牙床与牙根，用以跨置并被固定于齿槽骨顶面，其特征在于，包含有: 一人工牙床， 其断面呈弧状， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个 牙根，其底面下凹的弧部是用以配合齿槽骨顶面弯曲的弧度而可以跨置并固定于其上， 该人工牙床与牙根为一体成型的结构。
26. 依据权利要求 25所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床与牙根更包 含有一牙座， 该牙座的断面呈弧形， 该牙座顶面凸设有多个承柱， 各承柱上设置一义 齿， 该牙座底面则设有多个容穴， 用以一对一的对应该人工牙床上的牙根。
27. 一种人工牙床与牙根， 用以跨置并被固定于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含 有- 一人工牙床， 其断面呈弧状， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个 牙根， 其底面下凹的弧部是用以配合齿槽骨顶面弯曲的弧度而可以跨置于其上， 该人 工牙床与牙根为一体成形的结构。
一义齿， 相对于人工牙床与牙根顶面设有多个义齿， 该义齿底面则设有多个凹穴， 用以一对一的直接对应该人工牙床上的牙根。
28. 依据权利要求 25所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床与牙根更包 含有一定位桩。
29. 依据权利要求 28所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该定位桩表面设有具摩 擦力的结构， 其末端亦可较为宽大而形成一卡部。
30. 一种人工牙床与牙根， 用以跨置并被固定于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含 有- 一人工牙床， 其断面呈弧状， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个 牙根， 其底面下凹的弧部是用以配合齿槽骨顶面弯曲的弧度而可以跨置于其上， 该人 工牙床与牙根为一体成形的结构， 且设有多个螺栓做为定位桩。
31.依据权利要求 30所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 所述螺栓为圆形螺栓， 其末端呈扁平状且螺身设有多个通孔而形成一卡部。
32.依据权利要求 30所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 所述螺身设有多个通孔 以形成一卡部。
33. 依据权利要求 25所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床的底面凹设 一开口小而内宽的凹部。
34. 依据权利要求 25所述人工牙床与牙根，其特征在于，该牙根的表面设置凹环， 该牙座容穴的内侧则可对应设置凸环， 互相卡合。
35. 依据权利要求 25所述人工牙床与牙根，其特征在于，该牙根的顶部设一垫片。
36. 一种人工牙床与牙根， 用以跨置并被固定于齿'槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含 有- 一人工牙床， 其断面呈弧状， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个 牙根， 其底面下凹的弧部是用以配合齿槽骨顶面弯曲的弧度而可以跨置于其上， 该人 工牙床与牙根为一体成型的结构， 其中该人工牙床上分散设置多个通孔。
37.—种人工牙床与牙根， 用以完整贴附于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含有： 一人工牙床， 其断面呈弧状， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个 牙根， 其底面设有一与齿槽骨表面的每一个点呈凹凸相对应， 而可密合在一起的形状 构造， 使该人工牙床与牙根的底面具力学支撑的结构， 透过该结构凹凸密合的接口， 让所有牙根的受力全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨表面的每一个点， 让整个齿槽骨的表面 来支撑受力。
38. 依据权利要求 37所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床与牙根更包 含有一牙座， 该牙座的断面呈弧形， 该牙座顶面凸设有多个承柱， 各承柱上设置一义 齿， 该牙座底面则设有多个容穴， 用以一对一的对^该人工牙床上的牙根。
39. 一种人工牙床与牙根， 用以完整贴附于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含有： 一人工牙床， 其断面呈弧状， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个 牙根， 其底面设有一与齿槽骨表面的每一个点呈凹凸相对应， 而密合在一起的形状构 造， 使该人工牙床与牙根的底面具力学支撑的结构， 透过该结构凹凸密合的接口， 让 所有牙根的受力全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨表面的每一个点， 让整个齿槽骨的表面来 支撑受力。
一义齿， 相对于人工牙床与牙根顶面设有多个义齿， 该义齿底面则设有多个凹穴， 用以一对一的直接对应该人工牙床上的牙根。
40. 依据权利要求 37所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床与牙根更包 含有一定位桩。
41. 依据权利要求 40所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该定位桩表面设有具摩 擦力的结构， 其末端亦较为宽大而形成一卡部。
42. 一种人工牙床与牙根， 用以完整贴附于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含有- 一人工牙床， 其断面呈弧状， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个 牙根， 其底面设有一与齿槽骨表面的每一个点呈凹凸相对应， 而密合在一起的形状构 造， 使该人工牙床与牙根的底面具力学支撑的结构， 透过该结构凹凸密合的接口， 让 所有牙根的受力全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨表面的每一个点， 让整个齿槽骨的表面来 支撑受力， 该人工牙床与牙根设有多个螺栓做为定位桩。
43.依据权利要求 42所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 所述螺栓为圆形螺栓， 其末端呈扁平状且螺身设有多个通孔而形成一卡部。
44.依据权利要求 42所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 所述螺身设有多个通孔 以形成一卡部。
45. 依据权利要求 37所述人工牙床与牙根， 其特征在于， 该人工牙床的底面凹设 一幵口小而内宽的凹部。
46. 依据权利要求 37所述人工牙床与牙根，其特征在于，该牙根的表面设置凹环， 该牙座容穴的内侧则对应设置凸环， 互相卡合。
47. 依据权利要求 37所述人工牙床与牙根，其特征在于，该牙根的顶部设一垫片。
48. 一种人工牙床与牙根， 用以完整贴附于齿槽骨顶面， 其特征在于， 包含有- 一人工牙床， 其断面呈弧状， 该人工牙床具有一顶面及一底面， 其顶面设有多个 牙根， 其底面设有一与齿槽骨表面的每一个点呈凹凸相对应， 而密合在一起的形状构 造， 使该人工牙床与牙根的底面具力学支撑的结构， 透过该结构凹凸密合的接口， 让 所有牙根的受力全面且平均地传导至齿槽骨表面的每一个点， 让整个齿槽骨的表面来 支撑受力， 其中该人工牙床上分散设置多个通孔。
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BRPI0806369-9A BRPI0806369A2 (pt) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 bordo alveolar artificial e raiz
KR1020097015246A KR101161481B1 (ko) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 인공 치경 및 이뿌리를 포함하는 인공치아용 픽스츄어
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AU2008213531A AU2008213531A1 (en) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 Artifical teethridge and fang
EP08700743A EP2127613A4 (en) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 ARTIFICIAL DENTAL ROD AND ROOT
JP2009547513A JP2010517602A (ja) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 人工歯茎及び歯根
NZ578238A NZ578238A (en) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 Artifical teethridge with an integral fang for the attachment of a prosthesis
MX2009007898A MX2009007898A (es) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 Cresta dental artificial y colmillo.
CN2008800017999A CN101636124B (zh) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 人工牙床及牙根
UAA200907848A UA93444C2 (uk) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 Штучний зубопротезний альвеолярний відросток із коренем зуба (варіанти)
IL199599A IL199599A (en) 2007-02-01 2009-06-28 Artificial bridge and dialect
MA32063A MA32043B1 (fr) 2007-02-01 2009-06-30 Arete dentaire artificielle et racine
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