WO2008095332A1 - Support de prothèse dentaire fixé à la surface de la mâchoire - Google Patents

Support de prothèse dentaire fixé à la surface de la mâchoire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008095332A1
WO2008095332A1 PCT/CN2007/000353 CN2007000353W WO2008095332A1 WO 2008095332 A1 WO2008095332 A1 WO 2008095332A1 CN 2007000353 W CN2007000353 W CN 2007000353W WO 2008095332 A1 WO2008095332 A1 WO 2008095332A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
denture
carrier
alveolar bone
bearing portion
positioning
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/000353
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lieh-Tang Chen
Chen-Chu Chen
Original Assignee
Lucky 5-7 Corporation Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucky 5-7 Corporation Limited filed Critical Lucky 5-7 Corporation Limited
Priority to PCT/CN2007/000353 priority Critical patent/WO2008095332A1/zh
Priority to EP08700743A priority patent/EP2127613A4/en
Priority to CA2676142A priority patent/CA2676142C/en
Priority to AU2008213531A priority patent/AU2008213531A1/en
Priority to US12/524,361 priority patent/US20100035207A1/en
Priority to NZ578238A priority patent/NZ578238A/xx
Priority to EA200900894A priority patent/EA015080B1/ru
Priority to MYPI20093020 priority patent/MY151643A/en
Priority to JP2009547513A priority patent/JP2010517602A/ja
Priority to MX2009007898A priority patent/MX2009007898A/es
Priority to UAA200907848A priority patent/UA93444C2/uk
Priority to CN2008800017999A priority patent/CN101636124B/zh
Priority to BRPI0806369-9A priority patent/BRPI0806369A2/pt
Priority to PCT/CN2008/000200 priority patent/WO2008095403A1/zh
Publication of WO2008095332A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008095332A1/zh
Priority to IL199599A priority patent/IL199599A/en
Priority to MA32063A priority patent/MA32043B1/fr
Priority to EC2009009504A priority patent/ECSP099504A/es
Priority to TNP2009000299A priority patent/TN2009000299A1/fr
Priority to EG2009071095A priority patent/EG25788A/xx
Priority to SV2009003341A priority patent/SV2009003341A/es
Priority to DO2009000183A priority patent/DOP2009000183A/es
Priority to CU20090128A priority patent/CU23639A3/es
Priority to CR10946A priority patent/CR10946A/es
Priority to ZA200905170A priority patent/ZA200905170B/xx
Priority to CO09077197A priority patent/CO6190595A2/es
Priority to HK10102473.0A priority patent/HK1134426A1/xx
Priority to JP2014238284A priority patent/JP5946890B2/ja

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/001—Multiple implanting technique, i.e. multiple component implants introduced in the jaw from different directions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0031—Juxtaosseous implants, i.e. implants lying over the outer surface of the jaw bone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0086—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools with shock absorbing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the structure of a denture, and more particularly to a denture carrier having a mechanically conductive structure and fixed to the surface of the cortical bone of the alveolar bone. Background technique
  • the earliest method is to place the denture directly on the gums. Although this method is simple, the user is more likely to have a foreign body sensation, can not chew hard objects, and may not be fixed. And shortcomings such as inflammation of the gums.
  • the problem with this approach is that the denture is supported only by a single pile, and it is fixed on the sponge-like alveolar bone with low density and hardness, so the bearing capacity is poor, and if the alveolar bone has been seriously absorbed and shrunk If the width of the gums is not enough, the teeth cannot be implanted, and even the implants are prone to failure. Moreover, due to problems such as torsion or shearing force during chewing, the denture may be loosened or the alveolar bone may be damaged. In addition, after the artificial root is implanted, it takes about six months to recover the denture. Another problem is another.
  • an artificial root having a U-shaped or saddle type, a covering type, or the like, or an auxiliary member such as a lip, a flange, a shoulder, or the like.
  • US Patent No. 59 0 64 8 9 , 47 0 2 6 97 , 5 0 52 93 0, 5 5 1 3 9 8 9 , 3579 82 9 , 4 1 2 1 340 , 4379 6 94 , 4531 9 1 6 , 52 0 1 73 6, 5759 0 33, 5 9445 2 6, 6 2 87 1 1 8 and so on the artificial roots are different from the single piles or the auxiliary design, but the overall structure is It is focused on the fixed problem, with the pile as the main force structure, the part of the force is concentrated under the pile, the area of the pile is limited, so the force surface of the alveolar bone is not wide enough to The power is evenly dispersed, so there is still the problem that the force is unevenly damaged.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a denture carrier having a large supporting force, a force average and a stable.
  • the present invention fixes the denture carrier directly to the surface of the cortical bone of the alveolar bone.
  • the denture carrier has a bearing portion having an arcuate cross section and a thicker intermediate portion and gradually becoming thinner toward the both ends.
  • the bearing portion is convexly provided with a joint portion for the denture on the top surface, and the joint portion is formed by at least one
  • the upper and lower width cylinders are configured to form the mechanically conductive structure of the denture carrier.
  • the bottom surface of the carrier is provided with a positioning portion which can be positioned on the cortical bone of the human alveolar bone.
  • the present invention is a force that the denture is subjected to when being chewed, and is uniformly distributed downwardly through the upper narrow and wide column, to the bottom of the curved bearing portion whose thickness is gradually extended from the middle to the both sides, the carrier structure
  • the force transmitted by the denture is averaged at each point of the entire cortical bone surface.
  • the force is no longer concentrated in a single or peripheral limited area, but the force is transmitted comprehensively and evenly to every point on the surface of the cortical bone, supported by the surface rather than by the point, and the force is averaged and stable.
  • the bone density of the cortical bone is high, and its structure is firm and dense, which provides a large supporting force.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the first embodiment after the installation is completed.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the second embodiment after the installation is completed.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the completion of the installation of the third embodiment.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of the fourth embodiment after the installation is completed.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of the fifth embodiment after the installation is completed.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the sixth embodiment after the installation is completed.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the seventh embodiment after the installation is completed. Detailed ways
  • the denture carrier fixed to the surface of the alveolar bone of the present invention comprises:
  • a carrier 1 Q which is arched in accordance with the shape of the upper jaw portion or the lower jaw portion of the human body, has a bearing portion 1 1 , the bearing portion has a top surface and a bottom surface, and the top surface and the bottom surface are convex toward the same side, so that the carrier
  • the cross section of the bearing portion is curved, and the thickness of the bearing portion is gradually thinned from the middle of the curved portion toward the two sides, so that the cross section thereof is crescent-shaped, and the concave portion of the bottom surface of the bearing portion is used for supporting the human body.
  • the curved curvature of the top surface of the alveolar bone allows the bearing portion to be fully seated on the alveolar bone.
  • the bearing portion has a joint portion 1 2 protruding from the top surface of the top surface.
  • the joint portion can be formed by one or a plurality of upper and lower narrow columns in accordance with the difference of the single carrier, the plurality of or the full denture.
  • the bottom surface of the carrier is provided with a fixed portion 13 such that the carrier can be positioned on the alveolar bone.
  • the positioning portion is formed by a plurality of positioning piles 14 protruding from the bottom surface of the bearing portion, and is arranged by separating a plurality of positioning piles one by one, respectively disposed on the bottom surface of the bearing portion, the positioning pile surface A lateral or longitudinal ridge 15 is provided, and the end of the locating pile is relatively wide to form a card portion 16.
  • the locating post can also be modified to have a ring shape, a point shape or a tooth shape, and the like. Frictional structure.
  • a bracket 20 and an inch are arranged in an arch shape and a curvature of the carrier, and have a base portion 2 1.
  • the base portion has an arc shape, and the base portion is provided with a socket 2 2 corresponding to the position of the column. .
  • Each denture has a denture 2
  • each of the dentures is provided with a recess 24 in a shape corresponding to the socket, so that the socket 2 2 can be inserted into the recess 24 in a one-to-one manner.
  • the carrier 10 is directly disposed on the ankle lobe 1 and has a better bearing effect.
  • the carrier is a cylinder.
  • the sides of the center extend to the tangent point of the arcuate surface of the alveolar bone and the side surface, so that the area of the bearing force can be maximized.
  • the width of the two sides is appropriately adjusted depending on the height and stability of the column.
  • a plurality of positioning holes 2 are drilled at predetermined positions of the alveolar bone.
  • the depth of the positioning holes must be a distance from the nerve groove 3 of the tooth, and then filled in to be biodegradable and Bone cement replaced by autogenous bone (bone cement), or other similar material.
  • the position of the anchor pile has a large area, and the purpose is to fix the bone cement after cementing and disintegration of the bone cement into autologous bone, so that the positioning portion 13 is not easy to loosen.
  • the positioning post 14 of the bottom surface of the bearing portion 1 1 is correspondingly fixed in the positioning holes 2, and the curved bottom surface of the bearing portion is located above the alveolar bone 1 , the carrier 10 and the tooth
  • the gap between the troughs 1 is filled with cement, so that the carrier can be attached to the alveolar bone with the complete attachment of the shape of the top surface of the alveolar bone.
  • the bracket 20 may be sleeved on the carrier 10, and if necessary, a bolt 2 5 may be further disposed transversely to the bracket 20 and the carrier portion 1 1 of the carrier to strengthen the bonding. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
  • the carrier 10 of the present invention is closely attached to the surface of the alveolar bone 1 and straddles it, and the upper and lower width of the cylinder is used to conduct the force downward, and the building is used.
  • the force can be transmitted through the cylinder on the load-bearing portion and gradually distributed downward.
  • the denture When the denture is stressed, it is no longer concentrated in a single or peripheral limited area, but the force is transmitted to all points of the cortical bone 4 of the alveolar bone in a comprehensive manner, and the force is supported by the surface instead of the point.
  • the force is average and the area is wide, so the carrier is stable and has a large bearing capacity. It can chew hard food, so that the denture can have the same function as normal teeth, and the alveolar bone can withstand a uniform and large area for a long time. Stress is not easy to shrink.
  • the joint of the parts is a structural weakness
  • the structure is not easily damaged, and the third structure will not damage the overall structure.
  • the binding force between the body and the alveolar bone ie, no loosening.
  • the tolerance of the denture does not fall on the softer spongy alveolar bone 5, but in the part of the cortical bone with high bone density and firm structure. Therefore, the bearing capacity of the force is better. It is also not easy to loose.
  • the carrier is spanned over the hard cortical bone, even if the alveolar bone has absorbed and shrunk to the width of the gum, or osteoporosis can still be implanted into the denture. Further, since the carrier of the present invention is arranged differently from the conventional implants, the time course of the entire medical treatment can be greatly shortened (about one week after the gum is healed), and it is not necessary to wait for another six months.
  • the main structure is mostly the same as that of the previous embodiment, except that in the second embodiment, the positioning portion 13 of the carrier 1 Q positions the pile 1 4 is arranged in such a manner that two or two sets of positioning piles are disposed on the bottom surface of the carrying portion 1 1 .
  • the force can also pass through the cylinder on the bearing portion, and the average dispersion conduction from top to bottom can achieve the same use effect.
  • the main structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, and different places
  • the positioning pile on the bottom surface of the bearing portion 1 1 is further provided with a bolt 2 5 to enhance the fixing effect thereof.
  • the bolt arrangement does not need to provide a bolt with respect to each cylinder. For example, a full-mouth denture is used.
  • the bolt can be set in three or five ways to enhance the fixing effect.
  • FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, which is a fourth embodiment of the present invention the main structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the difference is that the positioning pile on the bottom surface of the bearing portion 1 1 is further provided with a bolt 2 5 which is lateral It is worn on the alveolar bone 1 and the two positioning piles 1 4 to enhance the fixing effect.
  • Figure 10 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the main structure is similar to that of the first embodiment.
  • the difference is that the curved bottom surface of the bearing portion 11 is not provided with a positioning pile, but by a bolt 2 5 .
  • the carrier portion 1 1 of the carrier 10 is locked to the top surface of the cortical bone 4 of the alveolar bone 1 .
  • FIG. 11 is a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the curved bottom surface of the bearing portion 11 is not provided with a positioning pile, but the bolts 25 and 2 are screwed together.
  • the two sides of the bearing portion serve as the positioning portion 13 , and the carrier portion 11 of the carrier is locked to the top surface of the cortical bone 4 of the alveolar bone 1 .
  • Figure 12 is a seventh embodiment of the present invention, the main structure of which is the same as that of the first embodiment, the difference is that the top end of each column of the bearing portion 1 1 is further provided with an elastic spacer 30, so that When the bracket 20 is fitted to the joint portion 12, the elastic gasket 30 can be interposed between the socket 22 and the cylinder to provide a proper elastic effect of the bracket 20.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Description

固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体
技术领域
本发明是与义齿的结构有关， 特别是一种具力学传导结构， 而固定在齿槽骨的皮质 骨 （cortical bone) 表面的义齿载体。 背景技术
目前就义齿的装设有许多种不同的做法， 最早的做法是直接将义齿设置在牙龈上， 这种做法虽然简便可是使用者却较容易有异物感， 不能咀嚼硬物， 并且会有不易固定及 造成牙龈发炎等缺点。
另一种做法是人工牙根， 也就是平常最常见的植牙， 这种做法在许多的先前专利案 件例如： 美国专利第 43 5 93 1 8、 63 2 2 3 64、 54 2847、 6 9 1 6 1 7 7、 53 0 6 1 49、 6 9 9 1 463、 3 9 2 5 8 9 2、 472 2 687、 4344 7 57、 49 648 0 1 , 6 6 559 6 2等等的案件都己有了详细的揭露。 此种做法 的问题在于义齿仅只靠单一的基桩在支撑， 而且又是固定在密度及硬度都较低的海绵状 齿槽骨上， 所以承载力较差， 并且若齿槽骨已严重吸收萎缩致牙床宽度不够的， 不可植 牙， 即使植牙也容易失败。 而且由于咀嚼时扭力或剪力等问题， 也会造成义齿的松脱或 是齿槽骨的受损， 另外在植入人工牙根后必需经过约六个月左右的复原时间才能再装置 义齿， 这又是另一个问题。
另外， 有一种以 U型或鞍型、 覆盖型等具包覆式结构， 或设有唇状物 （lip)、 凸缘 (flange), 肩状物 (shoulder)等辅助构件的人工牙根， 例如： 美国专利第 59 0 64 8 9、 47 0 2 6 97、 5 0 52 93 0、 5 5 1 3 9 8 9、 3579 82 9、 4 1 2 1 340、 4379 6 94、 4531 9 1 6、 52 0 1 73 6、 5759 0 33、 5 9445 2 6、 6 2 87 1 1 8等等案件中所揭露的， 此种人工牙根虽有不同于单基桩 的包覆或辅助设计， 但是整体结构都是着重在固定的问题上， 以基桩为主要受力的结构， 受力的部份集中于基桩的下方， 基桩的面积有限， 因此造成齿槽骨的受力面不够广， 不 能够将力量平均的分散， 所以仍有受力不平均容易损坏的问题。
以目前市面上所贩售的大多数义齿结构来看， 因为咬合时义齿所受的压力、 扭力与 剪力无法被顺利的传导分散， 所以就必须要有一强而有力的固定方式和固定结构来与之 对抗， 因此， 这些前案主要的结构重点都着重在如何将义齿牢固且稳定的固定在齿槽骨 上， 并且絶大多数都是固定在较松散的海绵状齿槽骨处， 而非固定在较为密实、 坚硬的 齿槽骨皮质骨的部份， 在这样的结构都没有注意到咬合时受力以及力量的平衡与平均分 散的问题。 发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一支撑力大、 受力平均且稳定的义齿载体。
为达成上述目的， 本发明将义齿载体直接固定在齿槽骨的皮质骨 （cortical bone) 表面。该义齿载体具有一承载部， 该承载部的断面呈弧形且中间厚度较厚而朝两端渐薄； 该承载部于顶面凸设有一接合部供义齿设置， 该接合部是由至少一个以上的上窄下宽的 柱体构成， 使该义齿载体形成一具力学传导的结构， 该载体底面设有一定位部， 可以被 定位于人体齿槽骨的皮质骨 (cortical bone) 上。
本发明是将义齿在咀嚼时承受的受力， 通过上窄下宽的柱体， 逐渐向下平均分散传 导， 至厚度由中间往两侧渐薄延伸的弧形承载部的底部， 此载体构造具有建筑学上 "筏 式基础" （Raft Foundation) 的力学支撑原理， 以整个皮质骨表面的每一个点平均承载 义齿所传递下来的力量。 使受力不再集中在单一或***有限面积， 而是将受力全面而且 平均的传至皮质骨表面的每一个点， 以面而非以点来支撑， 受力平均且稳定。 而且， 皮 质骨的骨质密度高， 其结构较坚硬密实， 可提供较大的支撑力。 附图说明
为能详细解释本发明的结构、特征及功效， 以下列举七实施例并配合附图说明如下， 其中：
图 1为本发明第一实施例的剖视图。
图 2为第一实施例装设完成后'的示意图。
图 3为第一实施例的立体分解图。
图 4为本发明第二实施例的剖视图。
图 5为第二实施例装设完成后的示意图。
图 6为本发明第三实施例的剖视图。
图 7为第三实施例装设完成后的示意图。
图 8为本发明第四实施例的剖视图。 图 9为第四实施例装设完成后的示意图。
图 1 0为第五实施例装设完成后的示意图。
图 1 1为第六实施例装设完成后的示意图。
图 1 2为第七实施例装设完成后的示意图。 具体实施方式
如图 1至图 3所示， 为本发明的第一实施例， 本发明固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 包含有：
一载体 1 Q， 配合人体上颚部或下颚部的形状而呈拱形， 具有一承载部 1 1， 该承 载部具有一顶面及一底面， 该顶面及底面朝同一侧凸起， 使该承载部的断面呈弧形， 同 时该承载部的厚度， 则由弧形的中间朝两侧渐薄， 使其断面呈新月状， 该承载部底面下 凹的弧部， 是用以配合人体齿槽骨顶面弯曲的弧度， 使该承载部可以完整的贴坐于齿槽 骨上面。 该承载部于顶面中间凸设 一接合部 1 2 , 该接合部可以配合该载体为单颗、 多颗或全口义齿的不同而由一个或多数个上窄下宽的柱体所构成。 该载体底面设有一定 位部 1 3， 以使该载体可以被定位于齿槽骨上。 在本实施例中， 该定位部为若干凸设于 该承载部底面的定位桩 1 4所构成， 其设置方式是将若干定位桩一一分开， 分别设置在 该承载部底面， 该定位桩表面设有横向或纵向凸紋 1 5， 并且该定位桩的末端较为宽大 而形成一卡部 1 6， 该定位桩亦可不设卡部 1 6而改以具有环状、 点状或齿状等其它具 摩擦力的结构。
一托架 2 0 , X寸应该载体的拱形及弧度设置， 具有一基部 2 1， 该基部的断面亦呈 弧形， 该基部上对应该载体各该柱体的位置设有一承座 2 2。 各该承座上设有一义齿 2
3， 各该义齿底面对应该承座的形状设一凹穴 2 4， 使该承座 2 2可以一对一的套入该 凹穴 2 4中。 该托架在套设于该载体时该基部与该承载部间会有一间隙， 以供容置齿龈
6
以本发明第一实施例的结构， 该载体 1 0是直接设置于颚部齿槽骨 1上， 并且为能 有较好的承载效果， 同时在本实施例中， 该承载部以柱体为中心两侧延伸至齿槽骨弧面 与侧面的切点上， 如此可以使承受力的面积极大化。 但若齿槽骨已严重萎缩， 或是齿槽 骨宽度已不够等等状况， 则视柱体高度和稳定度， 适度的调整两侧的宽度。 在装设载体 前要先在齿槽骨的预定位置钻设数个定位孔 2， 该等定位孔的深度必须离牙齿的神经槽 3有一段距离， 然后填入以可分解 （biodegradable) 并且可被自体骨质取代的骨水泥 (bone cement ), 或其它类似的材料。 定位桩桩脚面积较大， 目的是在骨水泥固化及骨 水泥分解置换成自体骨质后， 皆能产生固定作用， 使定位部 1 3不易松动。 当载体 1 0 设置后， 该承载部 1 1底面的定位桩 1 4会对应固定在该等定位孔 2中， 该承载部的弧 形底面则位于齿槽骨 1上方， 该载体 1 0与齿槽骨 1之间的间隙则会被骨水泥填满， 而 使该载体可以配合齿槽骨顶面凹凸的形状而与的完整的贴附， 将载体固定于齿槽骨上。 之后再将该托架 2 0套设在该载体 1 0上即可， 必要时可以再加设螺栓 2 5横向穿设于 该托架 2 0与该载体的承载部 1 1 , 强化其结合， 如图 1及图 2所示。
不同于以往着重于固定的义齿结构， 本发明的载体 1 0与齿槽骨 1的表面密合而跨 坐其上， 利用上窄下宽的柱体将受力向下传导， 并且釆用建筑学上 "筏式基础" 的力学 支撑原理， 以面平均承载各受力点所传递下来的力量， 柱体及载体的力学传导结构从中 心点往两侧延伸传导的力学结构， 使义齿在咀嚼受力时， 力量可以通过该承载部上的柱 体， 逐渐向下平均的分散传导。 使义齿在受力时， 不再是集中在单一或***有限面积， 而是将受力全面平均的传至齿槽骨的皮质骨 4的每一个点， 以面而非以点来支撑受力， 受力平均且面积广， 所以载体稳固且承载力较大， 可以咀嚼坚硬的食物， 进而让义齿能 具有与正常的牙齿相同的功能， 也因着齿槽骨可以长期承受均匀且大面积的压力而不易 萎缩。
再者， 因为是一体成型， 不会有力量传导上的结构弱点 （零件结合处为结构弱点)， 一来不会造成力量传导的减损， 二来结构体不易损坏， 三来不会损伤整体结构体和齿槽 骨间的结合力（即不致松脱)。在咬合时， 义齿的承受力不是落在结构较松软的海绵状齿 槽骨 5， 而是在骨质密度高而且结构较坚硬扎实的皮质骨 4部份， 所以对受力的承载力 较佳， 亦不易松脱。 又， 由于载体是跨置在结构较坚硬的皮质骨上， 纵使齿槽骨已吸收 萎缩至牙床宽度不够， 或骨质疏松仍然可以植入载体做义齿。 而且由于本发明的载体的 设置方式与以往的植牙不同， 所以可以大幅缩短整个医疗的时程 （约一周牙龈愈合后即 可)， 不必再等六个月的时间。
如图 4及图 5所示， 为本发明的第二实施例， 主要的结构大多与前一实施例相同， 不同处在于在第二实施例中该载体 1 Q的定位部 1 3定位桩 1 4的设置方式是将定位桩 两两一组的设置于承载部 1 1底面。 通过与前一实施例相同的装设与使用方式， 义齿在 咀嚼受力时， 力量同样的可以通过该承载部上的柱体， 由上而下的平均分散传导而达到 相同的使用功效。
如图 6及图 7所示， 为本发明的第三实施例， 主要结构与第一实施例相同， 不同处 在于该承载部 1 1底面的定位桩更加设一螺栓 2 5， 以提升其固定的效果， 该螺栓的设 置并不需要相对于每一柱体就设置一螺栓， 以全口的义齿为例， 该螺栓可以设置三或五 个的方式即可提升固定效果。
图 8及图 9所示， 为本发明的第四实施例， 主要结构与第一实施例相同， 不同处在 于该承载部 1 1底面的定位桩还加设一螺栓 2 5， 该螺栓是横向穿设于齿槽骨 1与该二 定位桩 1 4， 以提升固定的效果。
图 1 0所示， 为本发明的第五实施例， 主要的结构与第一实施例相似， 差别在于该 承载部 1 1的弧形底面并未设置定位桩， 而是以一螺栓 2 5来做为该定位部 1 3， 将该 载体 1 0的承载部 1 1锁固于齿槽骨 1皮质骨 4顶面。
图 1 1所示， 为本发明的第六实施例， 与前一实施例相同， 该承载部 1 1的弧形底 面并未设置定位桩， 而是将螺栓 2 5两两一组螺设在该承载部的两侧来做为该定位部 1 3， 将该载体的承载部 1 1锁固于齿槽骨 1皮质骨 4顶面。
图 1 2所示， 为本发明的第七实施例， 其主要结构与第一实施例相同， 差别在于该 承载部 1 1的各柱体顶端， 另外再设置一弹性垫片 3 0， 使该托架 2 0在套合于该接合 部 1 2时， 该弹性垫片 3 0可被夹设在该承座 2 2与该柱体间， 以提供该托架 2 0适当 的弹性效果。
上揭的各实施例或有些不同， 但其基本的实质是相同的， 都是利用渐大渐广的结构 特性， 将力做有效的传导与分散， 以达到受力平均、 支撑力大且稳定的一个固定在齿槽 骨表面的义齿载体的目的。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1 .一种固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 其特征在于， 包含有：
一载体， 具有一承载部， 该承载部具有一顶面及一底面， 该顶面及底面朝同一侧凸 起， 使该承载部的断面呈弧形， 且中间厚度较厚而朝两端渐薄， 该承载部底面下凹的弧 部是用以配合齿槽骨顶面弯曲的弧度而可以跨置于其上， 该承载部于顶面凸设有一接合 部， 该接合部是由至少一个以上的上窄下宽的柱体构成， 该接合部上可供设置义齿， 使 该义齿载体形成一力学传导的结构， 通过此一具力学传导结构的载体， 让义齿的受力全 面而且平均传导至齿槽骨的皮质骨上的每一个点， 以面而非以点来承载受力， 该载体底 面设有一定位部， 使该载体可以被定位于人体齿槽骨的皮质骨表面上。
2 .依据权利要求 1项所述的固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 其特征在于， 其中该义 齿载体还包含有一托架， 对应该载体的形状设置于该接合部上， 该托架具有一基部， 该 基部的断面呈弧形； 并且于对应该载体柱体的位置设有一承座， 各该承座上用以供该义 齿设置， 各该义齿底面对应该承座的形状设一凹穴， 使该承座可以对应套入该凹穴中。
3 .依据权利要求 1项所述的固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 其特征在于，其中该定 位部是由若干定位桩所构成。
4 . 依据权利要求 3项所述的固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 其特征在于， 其中该 定位桩的末端较为宽大而形成一卡部。
5 . 依据权利要求 3项所述的固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 其特征在于， 其中该 定位桩表面设有凸纹。
6 .依据权利要求 3项所述的固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 其特征在于， 其中该等 定位桩是一一分别设置于该承载部底面。
7 . 依据权利要求 3项所述的固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 其特征在于， 其中该 等定位桩是两两一组设置于该承载部底面。
8 . 依据权利要求 1项所述的固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 其特征在于， 其中定 位部是由若干螺栓所构成。
9 . 依据权利要求 8项所述的固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 其特征在于， 其中该 螺栓是一一分幵， 分别螺设于该承载部。
1 0 .依据权利要求 8项所述的固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 其特征在于， 其中该 螺栓是两两一组螺设于该承载部的两侧。
1 1 .依据权利要求 2项所述的固定在齿槽骨表面的义齿载体， 其特征在于， 其中该 托架的承座与该接合部的柱体间设置一弹性垫片， 以提供该托架适当的弹性效果。
PCT/CN2007/000353 2007-02-01 2007-02-01 Support de prothèse dentaire fixé à la surface de la mâchoire WO2008095332A1 (fr)

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CA2676142A CA2676142C (en) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 Artificial teethridge and fang
PCT/CN2008/000200 WO2008095403A1 (fr) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 Arête dentaire artificielle et racine
US12/524,361 US20100035207A1 (en) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 Artificial teethridge and fang
NZ578238A NZ578238A (en) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 Artifical teethridge with an integral fang for the attachment of a prosthesis
EA200900894A EA015080B1 (ru) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 Искусственная альвеола и корень зуба
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MX2009007898A MX2009007898A (es) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 Cresta dental artificial y colmillo.
UAA200907848A UA93444C2 (uk) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 Штучний зубопротезний альвеолярний відросток із коренем зуба (варіанти)
CN2008800017999A CN101636124B (zh) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 人工牙床及牙根
BRPI0806369-9A BRPI0806369A2 (pt) 2007-02-01 2008-01-28 bordo alveolar artificial e raiz
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IL199599A IL199599A (en) 2007-02-01 2009-06-28 Artificial bridge and dialect
MA32063A MA32043B1 (fr) 2007-02-01 2009-06-30 Arete dentaire artificielle et racine
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EG2009071095A EG25788A (en) 2007-02-01 2009-07-16 Artificial teethridge and fang
SV2009003341A SV2009003341A (es) 2007-02-01 2009-07-20 Cresta dental y colmillo artificiales
CR10946A CR10946A (es) 2007-02-01 2009-07-22 Cresta dental y colmillo artificiales
DO2009000183A DOP2009000183A (es) 2007-02-01 2009-07-22 Cresta dental y colmillo artificiales
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