WO2002042742A1 - Cantilever for vertical scanning microscope and probe for vertical scan microscope using it - Google Patents
Cantilever for vertical scanning microscope and probe for vertical scan microscope using it Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002042742A1 WO2002042742A1 PCT/JP2001/008613 JP0108613W WO0242742A1 WO 2002042742 A1 WO2002042742 A1 WO 2002042742A1 JP 0108613 W JP0108613 W JP 0108613W WO 0242742 A1 WO0242742 A1 WO 0242742A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cantilever
- probe
- nanotube
- mounting
- scanning microscope
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
- G01Q70/00—General aspects of SPM probes, their manufacture or their related instrumentation, insofar as they are not specially adapted to a single SPM technique covered by group G01Q60/00
- G01Q70/08—Probe characteristics
- G01Q70/10—Shape or taper
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
- G01Q60/00—Particular types of SPM [Scanning Probe Microscopy] or microscopes; Essential components thereof
- G01Q60/10—STM [Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy] or apparatus therefor, e.g. STM probes
- G01Q60/16—Probes, their manufacture, or their related instrumentation, e.g. holders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
- G01Q60/00—Particular types of SPM [Scanning Probe Microscopy] or microscopes; Essential components thereof
- G01Q60/24—AFM [Atomic Force Microscopy] or apparatus therefor, e.g. AFM probes
- G01Q60/36—DC mode
- G01Q60/363—Contact-mode AFM
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
- G01Q70/00—General aspects of SPM probes, their manufacture or their related instrumentation, insofar as they are not specially adapted to a single SPM technique covered by group G01Q60/00
- G01Q70/08—Probe characteristics
- G01Q70/10—Shape or taper
- G01Q70/12—Nanotube tips
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a probe for a scanning microscope that obtains physical property information from a sample surface using a nanotube as a needle, and more specifically, a nanotube probe is set up substantially perpendicular to the sample surface to achieve high resolution from the sample surface.
- High-performance scanning microscopy cantilever capable of obtaining physical property information and high-performance scanning microscope probe using the same
- a probe In order to image the structure of the sample surface with an atomic force microscope, which is abbreviated as AFM, a probe is required to contact the sample surface and extract a signal.
- AFM atomic force microscope
- a probe is required to contact the sample surface and extract a signal.
- a silicon cantilever in which a protruding portion having a sharp tip such as a quadrangular pyramid or a cone (also called a viramid portion) is formed on a cantilever portion is known.
- carbon nanotubes having a novel carbon structure have been discovered. These carbon nanotubes have a diameter of about 1 nm to several tens of nm, a length of several ⁇ m, and an aspect ratio (length / diameter) of about 100 to 1000. With current semiconductor technology, it is difficult to create a tip with a diameter of 1 nm. In this regard, carbon nanotubes have the best conditions for an AFM tip.
- H. Dai et al. Reported an AFM probe in which carbon nanotubes were attached to the tip of the protruding part of a cantilever in NATURE (Vol. 384, 14 November 1996). Although their probe was revolutionary, it was merely a carbon nanotube attached to the protrusion, so the carbon nanotube fell off the protrusion during several scans on the sample surface. There was quality.
- the present inventors have developed a fixing method for firmly fixing the carbon nanotube to the protruding portion of the cantilever in order to solve this weak point.
- the result of this development is A first fixing method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-224754 and a second fixing method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-247712.
- the first fixing method is a method of irradiating an electron beam to the base end of the nanotube to form a coating film, and coating and fixing the nanotube to the cantilever protrusion with this coating film.
- a second fixing method is a method in which the base end of the nanotube is irradiated with an electron beam or energized to fuse and fix the base end of the nanotube to the protruding portion of the cantilever.
- FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional configuration diagram of a conventional scanning microscope probe.
- the scanning microscope probe 20 is composed of the cantilever 2 and the nanotube 12.
- the cantilever 2 includes a force cantilever portion 4, a fixed portion 6 at a rear end thereof, and a protruding portion 8 (referred to as a pyramid portion) at a tip thereof.
- the protruding portion 8 has a sharp tip 8a serving as a probe. ing.
- the base end of the nanotube 12 is fixed to the protruding part 8, but fixing it so that it always passes through the tip 8a requires advanced technology, and in many cases, passes through the tip 8a as shown in the figure. do not do.
- FIG. 15 is a three-dimensional configuration diagram of another conventional scanning microscope probe.
- the nanotube 12 passes through the tip 8a of the projection, the probe action of the tip 8a of the projection is sealed off. Therefore, only the tip 18 of the nanotube acts as a probe.
- the nanotubes 12 and the average surface 26 of the sample 22 are not orthogonal, but are oblique with an intersection angle ⁇ .
- the nanotube tip 18 cannot follow the steep concave and convex portions of the sample surface 24, and an undetectable blank area appears. That is, it is inevitable that the detection resolution also decreases in this case.
- These weaknesses result from the fact that the conventional force fulcrum projection 8 is formed in a conical shape, and therefore always has a sharp projection tip 8a. In other words, by using the conventional AFM search ft "as it is as a holder for the nanotube search tf", those weaknesses appear.
- an object of the present invention is to realize a probe for a vertical scanning microscope in which the protruding portion of the cantilever does not have a sharp tip, and the tip of the nanotube abuts substantially perpendicularly to the sample surface during detection. is there.
- the invention of claim 1 provides a probe for a scanning microscope which obtains information on physical properties of a sample surface by a tip of a nanotube probe fixed to a cantilever, wherein a mounting region for fixing a base end of the nanotube is provided on the force cantilever.
- a vertical scanning microscope scanning force microscope wherein the height direction of the mounting region is substantially perpendicular to the sample surface when the tilt lever is placed in a measurement state with respect to the sample surface.
- the invention according to claim 2 is the cantilever for a vertical scanning microscope according to claim 1, wherein the attachment area is an attachment plane.
- the invention of claim 3 is the cantilever for a vertical scanning microscope according to claim 1, wherein the attachment region is an attachment hole into which a base end portion of the nanotube is inserted, and an axial direction of the attachment hole is the height direction. It is.
- the invention of claim 4 is the cantilever for a vertical scanning microscope according to claim 1, wherein the mounting region is a mounting groove into which the base end of the nanotube is fitted, and the groove direction of the mounting groove is the height direction. It is.
- the invention according to claim 5 is the cantilever for a vertical scanning microscope according to claim 1, wherein the attachment region is a ridge portion, and a direction of the ridge line is the height direction.
- the invention according to claim 6 is such that the mounting area is a mounting curved surface, and a height direction of a tangent plane of the mounting curved surface is substantially perpendicular to the sample surface when the cantilever is arranged in a measurement state with respect to the sample surface.
- the invention according to claim 7 is the force chanting lever for a vertical scanning microscope according to claim 1, wherein the attachment region is formed by using a focused ion beam processing, an etching process, or a deposition process.
- the invention of claim 8 is directed to a probe for a scanning microscope which obtains physical property information of a sample surface by a tip of a nanotube probe fixed to a cantilever.
- the mounting region is provided so that the height direction of the mounting region is substantially perpendicular to the sample surface when placed in the measurement state with respect to the surface, and the base end of the nanotube is fixed in the height direction of the mounting region. This is a probe for a vertical scanning microscope.
- the invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that, when the axial direction of the force cantilever portion of the force cantilever is arranged so as to rise up at an angle ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ with respect to the sample surface in the measurement state, the axis of the nanotube and the axial direction of the cantilever portion are aligned.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment (mounting plane) of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment (attachment hole) of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a third embodiment (mounting groove) of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a side view of the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment (a modification of the mounting groove) of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a side view of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment (ridge line portion) of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a side view of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional configuration diagram of a conventional scanning microscope probe.
- FIG. 15 is a three-dimensional configuration diagram of another conventional scanning microscope probe. (Best mode for carrying out the invention)
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the cantilever 2 for a vertical scanning microscope (hereinafter referred to as a cantilever) includes a cantilever part 4, a fixed part 6, and a protruding part 8.
- the protruding portion 8 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape at the tip of the force repeller portion 4 and does not itself have a sharp probe-like tip.
- the peripheral surface of the protruding portion 8 is composed of a plurality of planes, at least one of which is a mounting plane 10 for the nanochip 12.
- the feature of the mounting plane 10 is that it is arranged in an upright shape with its height direction perpendicular to the sample plane 26 indicated by a dashed line at the time of sample measurement.
- the base end 14 of the nanotube 12 is fixed to the mounting plane 10 in the height direction.
- the nanotubes 12 include various types of nanotubes such as conductive carbon nanotubes, insulating BN (boron nitride) -based nanotubes, and BCN (boron carbonitride) -based nanotubes.
- Conductive nanotubes are used for tunneling microscopes (STM) because of the need to detect tunneling current.
- STM tunneling microscopes
- AFM atomic force microscopes
- conductive nanotubes or insulating nanotubes may be used.
- the nanotube is selected.
- the base end 14 of the nanotube 12 is covered with a coating film
- the second is a method in which the base end 14 is thermally fused to the mounting plane 10 by an electron beam ion beam or current supply. is there.
- the nanotube 12 is fixed to the mounting plane 10 so that its axis is perpendicular to the average surface 26 of the sample 22.
- the tip 16 of the nanotube 12 is always arranged perpendicular to the average surface 26 in the measurement state, and the sample surface 24 can be efficiently detected by the tip 18.
- a probe 20 for a vertical scanning microscope (hereinafter abbreviated as a probe) is completed by fixing the nanotubes 12 to the force cantilever 2.
- This probe is used for scanning microscopes.For example, not only the AFM and STM described above, but also a horizontal force microscope (LFM) that detects differences in surface by frictional force, and detects magnetic interactions
- LFM horizontal force microscope
- MFM magnetic force microscope
- EFM electric field force microscope
- CFM chemical force microscope
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the first embodiment.
- the axial direction b of the cantilever part 4 is inclined upward at an angle ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ with respect to the sample average surface 26.
- the axis of the nanotube 12 and the axial direction b intersect at an angle ( ⁇ + 90) degrees, so that the nanotube 12 stands perpendicular to the average surface 26 at an angle of 90 degrees. Will be established.
- the nanotubes 12 are arranged perpendicular to the sample average surface 26 means that the tips 18 can reliably follow the sample surface 24 that has complicated irregularities. In other words, since the tip 18 is the tip of the probe, it is possible to accurately detect physical and chemical information on the sample surface with high resolution.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention. Portions having the same functions and effects as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Only different portions will be described.
- a mounting hole 28 is formed in the protruding portion 8. The mounting hole 28 is formed such that the axial direction of the mounting hole 28 is perpendicular to the sample average surface 26 when the probe 20 is placed in the measurement state.
- the base end 14 of the nanotube 12 is inserted and fixed into the mounting hole 28. Simply by inserting the nanotube 12 into the mounting hole 28, it is fixed by atomic force. However, as the cross-sectional diameter of the mounting hole 28 becomes larger than that of the nanotube 12, the hole is filled with the decomposition deposit of organic gas, irradiated with an electron beam, or the surface is fused by applying electricity. It can also be fixed securely by the method described above.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of the second embodiment.
- the axial direction b of the force-measurement part 4 is tilted upward by an angle of 0 with respect to the sample average surface 26. This is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the axial direction (height direction) of the nanotubes 12 is separated from the axial direction of the cantilever part 4 by an angle (0 + 90) degrees, so that the nanotubes 12 are sample average. Abuts perpendicular to surface 26. Therefore, the tip 18 can reliably follow the irregularities of the sample surface 24.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the present invention. Portions having the same functions and effects as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Only different portions will be described.
- a mounting groove 30 is engraved on the surface of the protrusion 8, and the base end 14 of the nanotube 12 is fitted into the mounting groove 30.
- a coating film may be formed so as to cover the surface, or the surface may be irradiated by beam irradiation or fused by energization.
- the cross-sectional shape of the mounting groove 30 has various shapes such as a U-shape, a V-shape, and a semicircular shape.
- FIG. 6 is a side view of the third embodiment.
- the axial direction b of the cantilever portion and the axis of the nanotube 12 are assembled so as to be separated by an angle (0 + 90) degrees. That is, the groove direction (height direction) of the mounting groove 30 is set to have an opening angle ( ⁇ +90) degrees with respect to the cantilever portion 6.
- the ascending angle of the cantilever portion 6 at the time of measurement is 0, the nanotubes 12 abut vertically on the sample average surface 26 at an angle of 90 degrees. Therefore, the tip 18 of the nanotube 12 can reliably follow the unevenness of the sample surface 24, and the physical property information of the sample surface can be detected with high accuracy.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Portions having the same functions and effects as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Only different portions will be described.
- a flat notch 32 is formed on the surface of the protruding portion 8, and the step 32 a of the notch 32 forms a mounting groove 30.
- the mounting groove 30 is a general term for a place where the nanotubes 12 can be uniquely fitted, and includes a groove shape, a step shape, and other shapes. Fit the base end 14 of the nanotube 12 into this step-shaped mounting groove 30 and fix it
- FIG. 8 is a side view of the fourth embodiment.
- the butt-raising angle ⁇ of the force-cinch lever part 4 and the opening angle ( ⁇ + 90) degrees of the force-cinch lever part 4 and the nanotubes 12 are as described above.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Portions having the same functions and effects as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Only different portions will be described.
- the protruding portion 8 is formed in a triangular prism shape, and the ridge line 34 indicates a mounting position of the nanotube 12. That is, since the direction of the ridge is the mounting direction, the nanotubes 12 are fixed near the ridge in parallel with the ridge.
- FIG. 10 is a side view of the fifth embodiment.
- the direction of the ridge line 34 and the axis of the nanotube 12 are parallel in the approaching state, and are set perpendicular to the sample average surface 26 in the measuring state. The rest is the same as in the other embodiments, and thus will not be described.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the sixth embodiment.
- the shape of the protruding portion 8 is columnar, and its peripheral surface is a mounting curved surface 38 on which the nanotubes 12 are mounted.
- the height direction of the tangent plane 36 provided at an arbitrary position on this peripheral surface is provided so as to be perpendicular to the average sample plane 26.
- the base end portion 14 of the nanotube 12 is fixed to the position of the tangent line between the mounting curved surface 38 and the tangent plane 36.
- the tip portion 16 is substantially perpendicular to the average sample plane 26, and if the ascending angle is ⁇ , the intersection angle between the cantilever portion 4 and the nanotube 12 is ( ⁇ + 90) degrees.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the seventh embodiment.
- the shape of the protruding portion 8 is an obliquely cut cylindrical shape, and a large area region of the peripheral surface is a mounting curved surface 38 on which the nanotubes 12 are mounted.
- the height direction of the tangent plane 36 provided on the mounting curved surface 38 is set so as to be perpendicular to the average sample plane 26. Fix the base end 14 of the nanotube 12 at the position of the tangent line between the mounting curved surface 38 and the tangent plane 36. At this time, the tip 16 is substantially perpendicular to the average sample plane 26, and high-resolution detection of the sample becomes possible.
- the ascending angle of the cantilever portion 4 is ⁇
- the intersection angle between the cantilever portion 4 and the nanotube 12 is (6 + 90) degrees.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the eighth embodiment.
- the shape of the protruding portion 8 is a truncated cone having a curved peripheral surface, and a lower peripheral region of the peripheral surface is a mounting curved surface 38 on which the nanotubes 12 are mounted.
- the height direction of the tangent plane 36 provided on the mounting curved surface 38 is aligned with the average sample plane 26. Set to be vertical. Fix the base end 14 of the nanotube 12 at the position of the tangent line between the mounting curved surface 38 and the tangent plane 36. At this time, the tip 16 is the average sample plane
- no sharp tip is formed on the protruding portion 8 of the cantilever 2.
- the tip serves as a probe, which gives an error to the probe action of the nanotube that can be obtained later.
- the nanotube 12 to be searched is attached to the protrusion 8. Since these attachment portions are arranged perpendicularly to the average sample surface 26 in the measurement state, the attached nanotubes 12 naturally have an arrangement perpendicular to the average sample surface 26. With this vertical arrangement, nanotubes 12 can detect a clear sample surface image.
- etching-deposition may be performed using a focused ion beam or an electron beam, or an etching process or a deposition process in general semiconductor technology may be used.
- the vertical type is simply fixed to the mounting region in the height direction of the nanotube. This makes it possible to provide an excellent vertical force scanning lever for running scanning microscopes.
- the mounting plane is formed on the force cantilever so as to be substantially perpendicular to the sample surface in the measurement state
- the nanotubes are placed on the mounting plane and in the height direction.
- a vertical probe can be manufactured simply by fixing it, providing an excellent force-lever for a vertical scanning microscope.
- the mounting hole is formed in the cantilever so as to be substantially perpendicular to the sample surface in the measurement state, a vertical probe can be obtained simply by inserting and fixing the nanotube into the mounting hole. It can provide an excellent cantilever for vertical scanning microscopes.
- the vertical probe since the mounting groove is formed in the cantilever so as to be substantially perpendicular to the sample surface in the measurement state, the vertical probe can be used simply by fitting and fixing the nanotube in the mounting groove. It is possible to provide an excellent forceps for vertical scanning microscopes.
- a vertical probe is manufactured only by fixing the nanotube to the ridge. It is possible to provide an excellent force-lever for a vertical scanning microscope.
- the invention of claim 6 by simply forming the mounting curved surface on the cantilever and fixing the nanotube to the tangential plane of the mounting curved surface in the height direction, the vertical type in which the nanotube can be arranged substantially perpendicular to the sample surface.
- the cantilever is provided with a mounting area whose height direction is perpendicular to the sample surface, and the base end of the nanotube is fixed to this mounting area in the height direction.
- a probe for a vertical scanning microscope that can always contact the sample surface perpendicularly and detect the sample surface image with high resolution.
- the cantilever in the measurement state has an angle of 0 °. It is possible to provide a probe for a vertical scanning microscope that can reliably follow irregularities on the surface of a sample simply by raising the buttocks.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/182,363 US6705154B2 (en) | 2000-11-26 | 2001-09-28 | Cantilever for vertical scanning microscope and probe for vertical scan microscope |
EP01970308A EP1278055A4 (en) | 2000-11-26 | 2001-09-28 | CRASH CARRIER FOR VERTICAL SCANNING MICROSCOPE AND PROBE FOR VERTICAL SCANNING MICROSCOPE THEREOF |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000403558A JP2002162335A (ja) | 2000-11-26 | 2000-11-26 | 垂直式走査型顕微鏡用カンチレバー及びこれを使用した垂直式走査型顕微鏡用プローブ |
JP2000-403558 | 2000-11-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2002042742A1 true WO2002042742A1 (en) | 2002-05-30 |
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ID=18867657
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2001/008613 WO2002042742A1 (en) | 2000-11-26 | 2001-09-28 | Cantilever for vertical scanning microscope and probe for vertical scan microscope using it |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6705154B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1278055A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2002162335A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100505991B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1397011A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002042742A1 (ja) |
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JP7048964B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-26 | 2022-04-06 | 株式会社日立ハイテクサイエンス | 走査型プローブ顕微鏡及びその走査方法 |
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2001
- 2001-09-28 US US10/182,363 patent/US6705154B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-28 CN CN01804103A patent/CN1397011A/zh active Pending
- 2001-09-28 WO PCT/JP2001/008613 patent/WO2002042742A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 2001-09-28 KR KR10-2002-7009127A patent/KR100505991B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-28 EP EP01970308A patent/EP1278055A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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JPH06123621A (ja) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-05-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 原子間力顕微鏡用探針付カンチレバーおよびその製造方法 |
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EP1054249A1 (en) * | 1998-12-03 | 2000-11-22 | Daiken Chemical Co. Ltd. | Electronic device surface signal control probe and method of manufacturing the probe |
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JP2001068052A (ja) * | 1999-08-25 | 2001-03-16 | Daiken Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 電子顕微鏡装置内における微小物作成方法及びその装置 |
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EP1278055A4 (en) | 2005-03-02 |
US6705154B2 (en) | 2004-03-16 |
US20030010100A1 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
JP2002162335A (ja) | 2002-06-07 |
EP1278055A1 (en) | 2003-01-22 |
CN1397011A (zh) | 2003-02-12 |
KR20020081258A (ko) | 2002-10-26 |
KR100505991B1 (ko) | 2005-08-04 |
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