US20050024019A1 - Charging apparatus - Google Patents

Charging apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050024019A1
US20050024019A1 US10/878,260 US87826004A US2005024019A1 US 20050024019 A1 US20050024019 A1 US 20050024019A1 US 87826004 A US87826004 A US 87826004A US 2005024019 A1 US2005024019 A1 US 2005024019A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
charging
secondary battery
time
timer
time period
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/878,260
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Naoaki Matsumoto
Naoki Watanabe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sony Corp
Original Assignee
Sony Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sony Corp filed Critical Sony Corp
Assigned to SONY CORPORATION reassignment SONY CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MATSUMOTO, NAOAKI, WATANABE, NAOKI
Publication of US20050024019A1 publication Critical patent/US20050024019A1/en
Priority to US11/363,486 priority Critical patent/US7235951B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/0071—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a charging apparatus, and is more specifically to a charging apparatus that is capable of charging with a relatively small charging current.
  • a charging control timer in order to end charging operation at a predetermined constant time period after the start of charging operation (see Japanese Patent Application Publication No. S63-194533).
  • charging may be terminated based on the judgment that the full charging is reached by detecting such phenomena as a minus delta V value ( ⁇ V detection) in voltage of the secondary battery which is being charged, a gradient of temperature rise of the battery (dT/dt detection), the upper limit of the temperature rise of the battery (TCO detection), and the like during the charging.
  • the charging control timer is reset regardless of the amount of the battery capacity of the secondary battery decreased by discharging, thereby carrying out the charging operation again for the same predetermined constant time period from the new start of the charging operation before termination.
  • the constant charging time period is normally set to the time which is sufficient for charging a secondary battery, which has been discharged to the final discharge voltage, back to its rated capacity.
  • the battery may be overcharged, thereby causing inconvenience that may lead to degradation in performance of the secondary battery.
  • Japanese Patent Application Publication No. S63-194533 also discloses a technology which does not to reset the timer in case of short break of the AC power supply or the like during the charging operation of the secondary battery, but the timer is reset when the secondary battery is removed from the charger.
  • the charging current in order to detect the phenomena such as the minus delta V value, the gradient of temperature rise of the battery, the upper limit of the temperature rise of the battery and the like, the charging current must be relatively large, i.e., at least 0.5C mA or larger (where, C is the rated capacity of the secondary battery) and thus not suitable for a charging apparatus with a small charging current.
  • a charging apparatus that discontinues a charging operation at a preset expiration time period of a timer.
  • the charging operation is provided with variable control means for controlling the preset expiration time period of a timer in response to an interrupted time if the charging operation that is interrupted before reaching the preset expiration time period of a timer is restarted.
  • the charging apparatus is provided with the variable control means for controlling the preset expiration time period of a timer in response to an interrupted time if the charging operation that is interrupted before reaching the preset expiration time period of a timer is restarted. Accordingly, overcharging may be prevented even if the charging is once interrupted and restarted because the charging time is adjusted in response to an interrupted time or a discharge time of the secondary battery during the interruption.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic of one embodiment of the charging apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart for describing an operation of one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a graph for describing one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph for describing one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph for describing one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a chart for describing one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram to show another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of construction of the charging apparatus according to the present embodiment and, in FIG. 1 , represented by numeral 1 is an electrical apparatus which is constructed to operate on electrical power from a secondary battery 2 , represented by numeral 3 is a power switch and represented by numeral 4 is an electrical circuitry of the electrical apparatus 1 .
  • FIG. 5 a and numeral 5 b are one and the other charging terminals which are designed to be connected to one and the other output terminals 10 a and 10 b of a charging apparatus 10 provided exclusively for the electrical apparatus 1 , respectively.
  • the one charging terminal 5 a is connected to the plus electrode of the secondary battery 2 by way of a reverse current protection diode 6 while the minus electrode of the secondary battery 2 is connected to the other charging terminal 5 b.
  • the charging apparatus 10 which is provided exclusively for the electrical apparatus 1 , is provided with a charging control microcomputer 11 including a counter 11 a which constitutes a charging control timer.
  • a secondary battery detection port 11 b of the charging control microcomputer 11 is connected to the collector of an npn-type transistor 12 which is then connected to a power supply terminal for the microcomputer 14 for supplying positive DC voltage by way of a resistor 13 .
  • the emitter of the transistor 12 is connected to ground and also to the other output terminal 10 b .
  • the electrical power from the power supply terminal for microcomputer 14 is supplied to the charging control microcomputer 11 .
  • the charging control microcomputer 11 makes a judgment that the secondary battery 2 is not connected if the secondary battery detection port 11 b is high level “1”, while making a judgment that the secondary battery 2 is connected if the secondary battery detection port 11 b is low level “0”.
  • a resistor 15 is connected between the base and the emitter of the transistor 12 and the base of the transistor 12 is connected to the collector of a pnp-type transistor 17 by way of a resistor 16 .
  • the emitter of the transistor 17 is connected to a power supply terminal 19 that supplies positive DC voltage by way of a resistor 18 and the collector of the transistor 17 is connected to ground by way of a resistor 20 .
  • a resistor 21 is connected between the base and the emitter of the transistor 17 and also the base of the transistor 17 is connected to the one output terminal 10 a by way of a resistor 22 .
  • the transistor 17 turns on and also the transistor 12 turns on to make the secondary battery detection port 11 b low level “0”.
  • the charging control port 11 c of the charging control microcomputer 11 is connected to the base of an npn-type transistor 24 by way of a resistor 23 and the collector of the transistor 24 is connected to the power supply terminal 19 by way of a series circuit of a resistor 25 and a Zener diode 26 .
  • the emitter of the transistor 24 is connected to ground and a resistor 27 is connected between the base and the emitter of the transistor 24 .
  • connection point of the Zener diode 26 and the resistor 25 is connected to the base of a pnp-type transistor 28 , the emitter of the transistor 28 is connected to the power supply terminal 19 by way of a resistor 29 and a resistor 30 is connected between the emitter and the collector of the transistor 28 .
  • the collector of the transistor 28 is connected to the one output terminal 10 a.
  • the charging control microcomputer 11 detects that the secondary battery 2 is connected between the one and the other output terminals 10 a and 10 b , the charging control port 11 c becomes high level “1” and the transistor 24 turns on to supply the bias current to the transistor 28 , thereby causing the transistor 28 to supply the charging current to the secondary battery 2 .
  • the bias voltage of the transistor 28 is determined by the Zener diode 26 connected to the base of the transistor 28 , the bias voltage of the transistor 28 remains unchanged regardless of the voltage of the secondary battery 2 .
  • the charging current constant current
  • the Zener voltage Vz of the Zener diode 26 the threshold voltage Vf component of the internal diode of the transistor 28 and the resistance R1 of the resistor 29 .
  • step S 1 description will be provided on a case of the continuous charging as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the full charging time Tcf required for fully charging the secondary battery 2 in the continuous charging is set to the counter 11 a in the charging control microcomputer 11 as the initial value (step S 1 ).
  • step S 2 judgment is made if the secondary battery detection port 11 b of the charging control microcomputer 11 is low level “0”, i.e., if the secondary battery 2 is connected (step S 2 ). Subsequently, the counter 11 a is decremented (step S 3 ) and judgment is made if the secondary battery 2 remains connected (step S 4 ). In case of the continuous charging as shown in FIG. 3 , these steps S 3 and S 4 are repeated until the counter 11 a reaches “0”.
  • step 5 if it is determined that the counter 11 a becomes “0” (step 5 ), the normal charging is finished and a trickle charging is carried out thereafter (step S 6 ).
  • step S 7 judgment is made if the secondary battery 2 is connected (step S 7 ), and the trickle charging is continued as long as the secondary battery 2 remains connected.
  • the amount of self discharge of a secondary battery per day is several percent of the rated capacity.
  • the trickle charging is carried out in a pulsed charging.
  • the self discharge can be compensated by the pulsed charging (trickle charging) of the pulse of the high level time T and the low level time ⁇ (Ic ⁇ Ict)/Ict ⁇ T.
  • the trickle charging is achieved by outputting the pulse as shown in FIG. 6 from the charging control port 11 c of the charging control microcomputer 11 in FIG. 1 so that the transistor 24 is turned on and off.
  • the count value of the counter 11 a in the charging control microcomputer 11 is “0”.
  • step S 8 in which the count value of the counter 11 a is incremented (Note that the maximum value of the counter 11 a is equal to the count value of Tcf.).
  • step S 9 judgment is made if the secondary battery 2 is connected. If the secondary battery is not connected, judgment is made whether or not the count value of the counter 11 a has reached Tcf (step S 10 ). If the count value has not reached Tcf, the count value of the counter 11 a is incremented until the secondary battery 2 is connected again.
  • step S 3 If the secondary battery 2 is connected again, it goes to step S 3 . On the other hand, if the count value of the counter 11 a has reached Tcf in step S 10 , it goes to step S 2 .
  • the secondary battery 2 discharges depending on the time. Accordingly, an overcharge may be prevented by carrying out a supplemental charging to compensate for the decrease in battery capacity of the secondary battery 2 that is discharged while the electrical apparatus 1 is disconnected in addition to the charging for the calculated time required for full charging.
  • a compensation for the decrease in battery capacity of the secondary battery 2 is enabled by setting the charging time equal to the time when the electrical apparatus 1 is disconnected (causing discharge) from the charging apparatus 10 .
  • step S 9 When the secondary battery is detected again (step S 9 ), since the count value of the counter 11 a is incremented equal to the time when the electrical apparatus 1 is disconnected (step S 8 ), charging is carried out for the time equal to ⁇ (the increased count value of the counter 11 a )+(the count value of the counter 11 a at the time when the electrical apparatus 1 is disconnected) ⁇ , i.e., ⁇ (the time during the electrical apparatus 1 is being disconnected)+(the residual charging time at the time when the electrical apparatus 1 is disconnected) ⁇ .
  • step S 4 , S 7 the electrical apparatus 1 is disconnected from the charging apparatus 10 in any condition (in step S 4 , S 7 ) as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 .
  • the battery capacity of the secondary battery 2 decreases accordingly. Therefore, at the time of restarting the charging after disconnecting the electrical apparatus 1 , the count value of the counter 11 a is incremented by the time Td in order to compensate for the decrease in the battery capacity.
  • the abovementioned residual charging time (Tcf ⁇ Tc) is added with the additional time Td, thereby charging for the time equal to ⁇ Td+(Tcf ⁇ Tc) ⁇ and avoiding overcharging.
  • step S 4 Such control is applied as many times as necessary if the electrical apparatus 1 is disconnected from the charging apparatus 10 in any conditions (step S 4 , step S 7 ) and overcharging can be prevented by charging for the time ⁇ (the time during the electrical apparatus 1 is being disconnected)+(the residual charging time at the time when the electrical apparatus 1 is disconnected) ⁇ .
  • the charging current is Ic
  • the discharging current is Id
  • the time when the electrical apparatus 1 is disconnected (for use) is Td
  • the amount of decrement of the counter 11 a per unit time is set to ⁇ (Id/Ic) ⁇ (the amount of increment of the counter 11 a per unit time) ⁇
  • the charging to compensate for decrease in battery capacity of the secondary battery 2 due to disconnection and use of the electrical apparatus 1 is carried out with the charging current Ic for the time equal to (Id/Ic) ⁇ Td.
  • the charging time is the sum of the time ⁇ (Id/Ic) ⁇ Td ⁇ required for compensating for “the capacity decreased by discharging” and calculated time necessary for the full charging (the residual charging time at the time when the electrical apparatus 1 is disconnected).
  • FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention.
  • portions corresponding to those in FIG. 1 have the same reference numerals and their detailed descriptions will be omitted.
  • the charging control microcomputer 11 in the embodiment in FIG. 1 is disposed in the electrical apparatus 1 and the charging apparatus 10 is controlled by the charging control microcomputer 11 .
  • a connection point of the power switch 3 and the electrical circuitry 4 of the electrical apparatus is connected to an electrical apparatus use detection port 11 e of the charging control microcomputer 11 so as to determine that the electrical apparatus is being used when the power switch 3 is on.
  • power is supplied from the secondary battery 2 to the charging control microcomputer 11 and the counter 11 a in the charging control microcomputer 11 is not reset by turning on or off the power switch 3 .
  • the charging apparatus 10 is provided with a constant current generation circuit 40 for outputting the charging current to the output terminals 10 a , 10 b .
  • a charging control terminal 10 c of the constant current generation circuit 40 is connected to the charging control port 11 c of the charging control microcomputer 11 , so as to control the constant current generation circuit 40 by the charging control microcomputer 11 , while a charging detection terminal 10 d of the constant current generation circuit 40 is connected to the charging detection port 11 d of the charging control microcomputer 11 , thereby informing the charging control microcomputer 11 whether the secondary battery is being charged or not.
  • the charging control microcomputer 11 if charging of the secondary battery 2 is detected by the charging detection port 11 d , the count value of the counter 11 a is decremented. If no-charging is detected, the count value of the counter 11 a is incremented.
  • the charging apparatus having an overcharging prevention function can be achieved even if the charging current is relatively small such as about 0.1C mA.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
US10/878,260 2003-07-02 2004-06-29 Charging apparatus Abandoned US20050024019A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/363,486 US7235951B2 (en) 2003-07-02 2006-02-28 Charging apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003190644A JP2005027435A (ja) 2003-07-02 2003-07-02 充電装置
JP2003-190644 2003-07-02

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/363,486 Continuation US7235951B2 (en) 2003-07-02 2006-02-28 Charging apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20050024019A1 true US20050024019A1 (en) 2005-02-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/878,260 Abandoned US20050024019A1 (en) 2003-07-02 2004-06-29 Charging apparatus
US11/363,486 Expired - Fee Related US7235951B2 (en) 2003-07-02 2006-02-28 Charging apparatus

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/363,486 Expired - Fee Related US7235951B2 (en) 2003-07-02 2006-02-28 Charging apparatus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US20050024019A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP1494333A3 (ja)
JP (1) JP2005027435A (ja)
KR (1) KR20050004058A (ja)
CN (1) CN100416976C (ja)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070296377A1 (en) * 2006-05-17 2007-12-27 Tetsuro Hashimoto Battery charging circuit, portable electronic device and semiconductor integrated circuit
US20190334354A1 (en) * 2016-07-13 2019-10-31 Sony Mobile Communications Inc. Information processing device, information processing system, and charging method
US11592467B2 (en) * 2017-11-14 2023-02-28 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Input circuit for the fail-safe reading in of an analog input signal

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007159292A (ja) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-21 Sony Corp 充電装置
US7679335B1 (en) * 2006-07-07 2010-03-16 Collins Ralph C Battery charger for aircraft emergency egress batteries
JP6297513B2 (ja) * 2015-02-18 2018-03-20 リズム時計工業株式会社 付加機能を有するタイマー制御充電システム
CN109733245B (zh) * 2019-02-15 2022-04-01 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 使电动汽车在升级固件或软件后继续充电的方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5206579A (en) * 1990-02-26 1993-04-27 Nippon Densan Corporation Battery charger and charge controller therefor
US5225763A (en) * 1991-03-20 1993-07-06 Sherwood Medical Company Battery charging circuit and method for an ambulatory feeding pump
US5350995A (en) * 1992-07-17 1994-09-27 Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Battery charger for charging both a frequently and infrequently used battery
US5363312A (en) * 1990-03-30 1994-11-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method and apparatus for battery control
US5923149A (en) * 1996-07-16 1999-07-13 Sony Corporation Charging apparatus
US6281661B2 (en) * 2000-01-27 2001-08-28 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Method of charging a plurality of batteries

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DE3206081A1 (de) * 1982-02-17 1983-09-01 Auergesellschaft Gmbh, 1000 Berlin Anordnung zum laden von batterien
JPS63194533A (ja) * 1987-02-05 1988-08-11 キヤノン株式会社 充電器
JPH04352212A (ja) * 1991-05-30 1992-12-07 Brother Ind Ltd 電子機器
US5539298A (en) * 1993-03-19 1996-07-23 Compaq Computer Corporation Pulse charge technique to trickle charge a rechargeable battery
JPH08186942A (ja) * 1994-12-28 1996-07-16 Matsushita Graphic Commun Syst Inc 携帯型電子機器および携帯型ファクシミリ装置
JP3088296B2 (ja) * 1996-08-02 2000-09-18 松下電器産業株式会社 携帯電話装置
DE69941570D1 (de) * 1999-06-11 2009-12-03 Asulab Sa Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung des Ladens eines Akkumulators

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5206579A (en) * 1990-02-26 1993-04-27 Nippon Densan Corporation Battery charger and charge controller therefor
US5363312A (en) * 1990-03-30 1994-11-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method and apparatus for battery control
US5225763A (en) * 1991-03-20 1993-07-06 Sherwood Medical Company Battery charging circuit and method for an ambulatory feeding pump
US5350995A (en) * 1992-07-17 1994-09-27 Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Battery charger for charging both a frequently and infrequently used battery
US5923149A (en) * 1996-07-16 1999-07-13 Sony Corporation Charging apparatus
US6281661B2 (en) * 2000-01-27 2001-08-28 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Method of charging a plurality of batteries

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070296377A1 (en) * 2006-05-17 2007-12-27 Tetsuro Hashimoto Battery charging circuit, portable electronic device and semiconductor integrated circuit
US7884578B2 (en) * 2006-05-17 2011-02-08 Rohm Co., Ltd. Battery charging circuit with backflow prevention transistor, portable electronic device and semiconductor integrated circuit with backflow prevention transistor
US20190334354A1 (en) * 2016-07-13 2019-10-31 Sony Mobile Communications Inc. Information processing device, information processing system, and charging method
US11336107B2 (en) * 2016-07-13 2022-05-17 Sony Corporation Information processing device, information processing system, and charging method
US11592467B2 (en) * 2017-11-14 2023-02-28 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Input circuit for the fail-safe reading in of an analog input signal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20050004058A (ko) 2005-01-12
EP1494333A3 (en) 2007-04-25
US20060202662A1 (en) 2006-09-14
US7235951B2 (en) 2007-06-26
EP1494333A2 (en) 2005-01-05
CN100416976C (zh) 2008-09-03
CN1578053A (zh) 2005-02-09
JP2005027435A (ja) 2005-01-27

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AS Assignment

Owner name: SONY CORPORATION, JAPAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MATSUMOTO, NAOAKI;WATANABE, NAOKI;REEL/FRAME:015892/0748

Effective date: 20040913

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION