TW541263B - Combined vehicle - Google Patents

Combined vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
TW541263B
TW541263B TW087112437A TW87112437A TW541263B TW 541263 B TW541263 B TW 541263B TW 087112437 A TW087112437 A TW 087112437A TW 87112437 A TW87112437 A TW 87112437A TW 541263 B TW541263 B TW 541263B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
shaft
clutch
aforementioned
motor
vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
TW087112437A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Takushi Matsuto
Kaoru Wachigai
Original Assignee
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honda Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Honda Motor Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TW541263B publication Critical patent/TW541263B/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M7/00—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine
    • B62M7/12—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine with the engine beside or within the driven wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M7/00—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine
    • B62M7/02—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine with engine between front and rear wheels
    • B62M7/06—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine with engine between front and rear wheels directly under the saddle or seat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/383—One-way clutches or freewheel devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/12—Motorcycles, Trikes; Quads; Scooters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K2202/00—Motorised scooters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B61/00—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing
    • F02B61/02—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving cycles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909—Gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/912—Drive line clutch
    • Y10S903/913—One way
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/917—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with transmission for changing gear ratio
    • Y10S903/918—Continuously variable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/951—Assembly or relative location of components

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Axle Suspensions And Sidecars For Cycles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Description

541263 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（1 ) [發明之詳细說明] [發明所屬技術領域] 本發明係有關於具備引擎及電動機二者之混合型自動二 輪車。 [習知技術] K汽油引擎為驅動源的自動二輪車因為主流，惟在須避 免排氣氣體發生等方面，則有以電動機為驅動源的電動二 .輪車的必要。其於電動二輪車車體重量會增加，行車距離 會縮短等理由，具備引擎及電動機二者的混合型自動二輪 車的需要亦增加。 例如，特開平δ- 1 7 5 47 7號公報係有關於「自動二輸車等 之引擎暨馬達之動力切換裝置」之混合型自動二輪車發明。 且根據同公報第2圖，曲柄軸14平行於車輸21配置，根 據同案第3圖，馬達2 2的軸與車軸2 1垂直配置。 [發明所欲解浃之問題] 亦即，習知技術由於®柄軸1 4沿車寬方向伸延，馬達2 2 的铀沿車體前後方向伸延，故沿車寬方向與車體前後方向 的力量會複合作用在一併將其收納的傳動箱1 2中。 因此，傳動箱1 2須堅.固俾耐得注各方向的力量，這必然 會使傳動箱1 2變重，於動力傳輸系統中亦會發生傳輸漏失。 因此，本發明目的在於改善驅動力傳輸糸統，減少動力 傳輸漏失，並使傳動箱，亦即動力組箱輕量化。 [用以解決問題之手段] 為達成上述目的，申請專利範圍第1項係一種自動二輪 本纸張尺度適/彳]中國國家標準（CNS)Λ4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁 丨裝------訂 威 經济部中央榀卑而h_T消合作壮卬則未 541263 A7 B7 五、發明説明（2 傳 者 機出 速輸 變機 由動 經 電 ， 輸 組傳 力輪 動動 為驅 作向 >i軸 機機 動動 及由 擎經 引並 備， 具出 係輸 其擎 ， 引 車輸 並 機 ^33 電 置 配 同 列 。 直軸 向 等 方此 後 置 前 配 體軸 車柄 沿 曲 於 之 在擎 徵引 特於 其行 ， 平 故 失 ， 漏 軸 輸 機 傳 動力 電 動 及減 軸削 機可 速 ， 變化 置純 配 單 列向 直方 向 量 方力 後 的 前箱 體組 車力 沿 動 於於 由用 作 S5M 高 單 提 量 向盡 方力 力用 用作 作 體 沿整 可使 , 可 ^s, 而性 體剛 具低 〇 降 箱向 組方 力力 動 用 計 作 設 非 於沿 易 ， ， 性 箱 組 力第 動圍 輕 範 減利 可 專 並 請 ，¢ 化 化 型 小 箱 組 力 動 Ϊ 達 可 亦 於 在 徵 特 項 器 合 離 向 單 持 支 軸 機 速 難 與 器 合 離 向 單 用 器 動 起 持 支 而 體1 軸 機 速 變 此 。 與器 備 合 具離 ， 心 離 器 向 合 0 離 持心 支離 軸及 機器 速合 變離 WΘ ， 單 接用 連器 體動 一 起 軸持 機支 速軸 變器 與合 軸離 器M 合 ， 離 器 合 轉 旋 起1 可 輪 後 P 組 力 動 於 在 徵 特 項 3 第 。 圍上 範架 利車 專 主 請 在 申 裝 安 範 ’ 利轉 專旋 請起 申 一 據輪 。 根後性 於與定 由 組 安 力縱 動 化 量 輕 幅 大 組 力 動 項. 3 第 搡 高 提 輕 減 量 重 下 簧 强 求 謀 可 故 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁 .裝------訂— 線 式 形 施 實 之 明 發 符 合 配 係 式 圖 又 ο 式 形 施 實 明 發 本 明 說 圖 附 據 。 根者 下取 K所 虎 第 33 自 車 主 的 箱 納 容 池 ο 電 圖 作 視 兼 側 置 之配 車 部 輪 下 二 央 動 中 自 於 明係 發ί 本 係 圖 gl. <冊 本紙張尺度適州中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公犛） 經济部中央i?:^-^m_T-消抡合作拉卬製 541263 A7 B7 五、發明説明（3 ) 架2，倒ϋ字形前擺動臂4自此主車架2的前部下方經由前樞 軸3伸出，自由旋轉安装前輪5於此前擺動臂4上，另一方 面，車頭管柱7自前述主車架2的前部上方斜间上伸延，車 頭管8固定於此車頭管柱7前端，可旋轉安裝把手柱9於此 車頭管8上，手把臂11安装在此把手柱9下端，使此把手臂 1 1前端（下端）與前輪5上所安裝的關節1 2連结，進一步經 由後樞軸1 3可擺動安裝動力組1 5於主車架2的後部上方， 後輪1 6安裝於此動力組1 5上，圖式中，於後輪1 6前方配置 後減震器17，於後輪16後面配置空氣淨化器18、排氣管19 、消音器21、尾管22，車體前後圍設前擋泥板25、前蓋26 、前把手蓋27、中央車罩28、後車罩29、後擋泥扳31者。 又，30係軸桿，32係前剎車圓盤，33係卡鉗，34係樹脂 彈簧，3 5係前減震器，3 6係護腿板，3 7係乘者踩踏部，3 8 係側立架，39係主立架。於圖式上方，41係嗦I叭，42係前 燈，43係把手，44係手把，45係導風管，46係冷卻器，47 係扇葉，48係鞍座，49係安全帽置物箱，51係安全帽，52 係尾燈，55係動力組箱。 此動力組箱5 5由左、右曲柄箱5 5 a、5 5 b (裏面的右曲柄 箱5 5 b未圖示）、變速機箱5 5 c、電動機箱5 5 d與減速機箱 5 5 e組合 0 第2圖係本發明動力組之側視剖面圖。 動力組1 5係（根據後文第8圖所示，具備於汽缸頭設有吸 、排氣二凸輪軸之4行程引擎）於動力組箱55内部下方配置 曲柄軸5 6，平行於此曲柄軸5 6並於上方配置離合器軸，於 本紙張尺度適州中囤國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X 297公鰲） --τ--·---φ I裝-------訂-----'·.線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 好矛，部中央ii:^-^h_x.消抡合作it卬製 541263 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 ) 此離合器軸57—端，沿車體縱長方向（車體前後方向）配置 變速機軸58、電動機軸59者，其特徵在於，離合器軸57、 變速機軸58及電動機軸59直列，平行於曲柄軸56並於上方 配置此等軸。 由於離合器軸5 7、變速機軸5 8及電動機軸5 9直列配置於 車體前後方向，故作用於動力組箱5 5上的力量方向單純化 。因此，動力組箱55易於設計。具體而言，可沿力作用方 向提高剛性，並沿非作用方向降低剛性，可使全體作用力 盡量單純化，減輕動力組箱5 5，亦達到動力組箱5 5的小型 化〇 又，圖式中，7 5係行星齒輪減速機，7 6係電位計，即撿 測後述變速控制馬達95旋轉角之機器。121係凸輪轴驅動 滑輪，78係由滑輪121驅動的水泵，79傜皮帶蓋，圖中央 下方的1 0 3 a係油泵箱。 離合器軸5 7、變速機軸5 8及電動機軸5 9各儀器之詳细Μ 其他圖式說明。 第3圖係本發明動力組平面剖視圖，本圖說明機器詳细 及驅動力的傳幢形態。 Μ齒柄軸5 6的主驅動齒輪6 1驅動離合器軸5 7上旋轉自如 安装的主動齒輪6 2，Κ此主從動齒輪6 2獨立於離合器_ 5 7 之外驅動起動器用單向離合器6 3之離合器外部6 4及離心離 合器6 7的離合器内部6 8，離心離合器6 8若達到預定旋轉數 以上，即帶動離心離合器外部6 9旋轉，離合器軸5 7開始旋 轉。 本紙張尺度適州中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（2丨0Χ 297公釐） :1 - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) '批衣 H— ,ιτ 沭· 541263 A7 B7 五、發明説明（5 ) 又，上述主驅動齒輪6 1配置成具備塞勒氐6 1 a與彈簧6 1 b ，防止撞擊聲。 變速機7 0為錐式自動變速機而Μ其他圖說明其詳细作用 ，惟其係依變速機軸5 8 4內圓盤7 1 錐體7 2 —外蓋7 3順序 傳輸動力之装置，經由單向離合器8 3傳輸其旋轉於電動機 軸59。 電動機80為無芯式馬達，其係永久磁鐵轉子81安裝於電 動機軸59上，將定子線圈82安装於電動機箱55d上者。 因此，離心離合器6 7若「聯接」，即依齒柄軸5 7，變連 機軸58、變速機70、電動機軸59順序傳輸驅動力，經由多 板式杻矩限制器84及齒輪系減速機構85c小齒輪864大齒 輪8 7 ◊小齒輪8 8 4大齒輪8 9所組成的減速機構）驅動車軸 90 〇 多板式杻矩限制器8 4由與電動機軸5 9 —起旋轉的限制器 內部8 4 a、圓盤8 4 b、8 4 c (圓盤8 4 b安裝於限制器內部8 4 a上 ，圚盤84c安裝在如次所示限制器外部84d上），限制器外 部8 4 d與彈簧8 4 e組成，小齒輪8 6與限制器外部8 4 d —體。 動力固依限制器内部8 4 圓盤8 4 b 3圚盤8 4 c ->限制器外 部8 4 d 4小齒輪順序傳輸，惟若超過設定杻矩的過大扭矩 起作用，圓盤8 4 b與圓盤8 4 c之間即滑動以保護機器··可K 彈簧84e調整設定扭矩。 又，起動器用單向離合器64發揮飛輪的作用，具餚用來 保持引擎平衡的平衡配重9 1，藉由與起動器用單向離合器 内部6 5組合成為傳輸起動器旋轉的單向離合器6 3。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） ~ 8 - --j--^---( ------訂-----^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 541263 A7 B7 五、發明説明（6 ) 藉由以圖所未示之起動器使起動從動齒輪93旋轉，經由 起動器用單向離合器内部6 5及單向離合器外部6 4，使離心 離合器6 8旋轉，引擎開始作動，若單向離合器外部6 4達到 高速，即與低速側的起動器用單向離合器內部6 5分離。 第4及5圖係本發明錐式自動變速機之構成圖兼作用圖。 於第4圖中，自錐體支軸7 4的中心主内圓盤7 1的距離（旋 轉半徑）為R i，錐體支軸7 4的中心至外蓋7 3的距離（旋轉半 徑）為 R 2，則 R i > R 2。 虫於双内圓盤7 1使錐體大徑（R 1)部旋轉，故錐片7 2低速旋 轉，其次由於以錐體7 2的小徑（R 2)部使外蓋7 3旋轉，故外 蓋73低速旋轉。 又，自外蓋7 3至電動機軸5 9的動力傳輸係外蓋7 3的旋轉 藉由翬向離合器8 3，於較電動機軸5 9炔速情形下，傳輸動 力者。 又，7 0 a係隨著外蓋7 3產生向圖左推ώ作用的球形凸輪 ，可藉由此推出作用施加接觸壓力於外蓋7 3與錐體7 2之間。 7 0 b、7 0 c ·、7 0 d係油封，藉油封7 0 b .、7 0 c於變速機7 0內 部形成蓄積變速機油的密閉空間，以油封7 0 d遮斷圖左曲 柄箱5 5 b側的油。因此，無曲柄箱內的油與變速饈油混合 之虞。 於第5圖中，自錐體支紬7 4的中心至内圓盤7 1的距離（旋 轉半徑）為R 3，_體支軸7 4中心至外蓋7 3的距離（旋轉半徑 )為 R 4，貝 lj R 3 < R 4。 由於此內圓盤7 1使錐體小涇（R 3)部旋轉，故錐體7 2高速 本紙張尺度適州中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁 -裝--- - 線 541263 經济部中央i?:^-x;h工消贽合作#卬製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（7 ) 旋轉，其次由於Μ錐體7 2的大徑（R 4)部使外蓋7 3旋轉，故 外蓋D高速旋轉。 藉由如此移動錐體72，變速機70發揮減速、等速、増速 的作用。 因此，於第4圖中，Μ變速控制馬達9 5經由9 6 a、9 6 b、 9 6 c使控制齒輪9 7旋轉。此控制齒輪9 7於凸台部上具備台 形陰螺紋部99，此台形陰螺紋部99係於箱55上所固定台形 陽螺紋部9 8嚙合者，隨著台形陽螺纹部9 9的嫘旋蓮動控制 齒輪99朝圖左移動。藉由此種移動，錐體72與錐體支輸74 於圖左移動而成第5例示狀態。 重要的是，台形陽、陰螺紋部98、99不設在外蓋73側， 而是設在内圓盤7 1側。錐體7 2藉外蓋7 3的反作闱力推向圖 左。结杲箭頭①的力量作用在控制齒輪9 7上。箭頭①與自 低速朝高速移動的方向一致。因此，藉由本實施例之構造 ，可Μ小杻矩朝高速側位移，亦可降低變速控制馬達9 5的 容量。 其次，說明潤滑糸統。 第6圖係本發明引擎潤滑条統說明圖，箭頭係油流動方 向。 於動力組箱5 5下部設下油槽1 0 1，於其上部設上油槽1 0 2 ，於曲柄5 6 —端部（右端部）同紬配置第1油泵1 0 3、第2油 泵及第3油泵1 0 5，首先經由濾器1 0 6及第1油路1 0 7將下油 槽1 0 1的油汲出，經由第2油路1 0 8供至上油槽1 0 2。 其次，上油槽1 0 2的油經由第3油路1 0 9到達第2油泵1 0 4 本紙張尺度適州中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公嫠） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) —m — mu tm —ϋϋ tm \ -Jv ——I- ·1 ln>i nm Bi^n 541263 A7 B7 五、發明説明（8 ) ，以第2油泵104加壓的油經由第4油路1 1 1、遽器1 12、第5 油路1 1 3將曲柄軸5 6的主軸頸5 6 a、5 6 a、連接桿大端部5 6 b 及其他部份（特別是圖所未示之動閥室）潤滑後，即回到下 油槽1 0 1。1 1 2 a係滤器蓋。 第7圖係本發明變速機潤滑系統之說明圖。自動力組箱 5 5下部另外設置的變速機油槽1 1 5， K油泵1 0 5，經由第6 油路1 1 6，將變速機油汲出，經由第7油路，朝變速機軸5 8 給送，通過變速機軸5 8內的油路1 1 8朝變速機7 0供給油。 油如圖示箭頭回到變速機油槽1 1 5，經由遽器1 1 9，K第3 油泵1 0 5汲出。 第8圖係顯示本發明作為動閥系統驅動機構之凸輪驅動 機構之動力組正視圖。 左盌柄箱5 5 a安裝在與在曲柄箱5 5 b —體化的汽缸塊體 129B的圖式右方，電動機80配置在曲柄輸56的上方，汽缸 頭1 2 9 Η安裝在汽缸塊體1 2 9 B的圖式左方，消音器2 1安装在 自此汽缸頭1 2 9 Η伸延的排氣管1 9的前端，又…顯示，自圖 式左上內側的空氣淨化器1 8，經由汽化器1 2 9 C，將吸氣歧 管1 2 9 Μ繋接在汽缸頭1 2 9 Η上。1 2 9 S係起動器馬達安装用孔。 且藉由掀岀圖示皮帶蓋7 9，於動力組1 5正面可看到由凸 輪軸驅動滑輪1 2 1、皮帶1 2 2、吸氣側凸輪铀滑輪1 2 3、排 氣側凸輪軸滑輪1 2 4及張力增減装置1 2 5所組成的凸輪軸驅 動機構1 2 0。 由第8圖可知，由於汽缸軸大致水平（例如相對於地面成 傾斜角a =+ 1 0 ° )沿車寬方向放倒配置，故可達到低重心 本紙張尺度適州中國國家標準（〇奶）八4規格（210'犬297公釐） -~Π~- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •裝--- 訂-- 541263 A7 B7 五、發明説明（9 大 極 度 由 自 ο 計機 設速 ， 變 内糸 寬輪 車齒. 其星 入行 納為 度可 長亦 缸70 汽機 將速 可變 並， ， 又 化 果 效 明 發 果 效 次 如 揮 發 成 構 述 上 由 藉 可 明 發 本 前 體 車 沿 軸 機 動 電 與 軸 機 速 變 於 由 項 化 純 單 向 方 量 力 的 上 箱 組 力 33 於 用 作 故 第 ， 圍置 範 配 利列 專 直 請 向 申 方 後 ， 體 ^5整 而 ， 體性 具 剛 〇 低 易 降 容 向 計 方 設 用 箱 作 且 _ 力 沿 動 ， ， 性 失剛 漏 高 輸 提 傳 向 力方 動 用 減作 削力 可 沿 ， 可 箱 組 力 動 成 達 可 亦 輕 變 可 箱 組 力 動 化 純 翬 旦里ο 盡化 用 小 作的 器 合 離 向 第 單 圍持 範支 利 _ 專 機 請速 申 變 Μ 器 合 離 於 由 項 接 連 體1 軸 機 速
單 甩 器 動 起 持 支 軸 器 合 0M 件 元 輸 傳 力 動 驅 置 配 密 緊 可 故 器 合 ο 離化 心型 離 小 及組 器 力 合 動 離 到 向 達 第 U 圍 第 上 範 圍架利 範 車專 利 主請 專在申 請裝據 Φ安根 起 轉 化 旋 量 可 輕 翰 幅 後 大 與 組 組 力 力 動 動 到 於 達 在 柯 徵,i 特 之 項 項 3 1 重 下 簧 彈 πϋ -T-VK 達 可 校 型 類 之 轉 。 旋性 起定 一 安 輪 縱 後操 與 高 係提 組 ， 力輕 動減 且的 明 說 單 0 之 式 圖 圖 1 2 3 第 第 第 圖 視 側 之 車 輪 二 33 自 明 發 本 係 圖 圖 面 剖 視 側 之 Μ 力 動 明 發 本 圖 圖 用 作 圖 〇 成 圖構 視 之 剖機 面.速 平變 之 動 組自 力式 動錐 HQ 0U 發發 本本 係 係 圖 4 第 本纸張尺度適州中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 12 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝---
、1T 541263 A7 B7五、發明説明（i〇) 第5圖係本發明錐式自動變速機之構成圖兼作用圖。 第6圖係本發明潤滑系統之說明圖。 第7圖係本發明變速潤滑糸統之說明圖。 第8圖係顯示本發明作為動閥系統驅動機構之凸輪軸驅 經浐部中央扰^-^h_T消贽合作私卬^ 動機構 之動 力 組 正 視圖。 [符號說明] 1 自 動 二 輪 車 2 主 車 架 15 動 力 組 16 驅 動 輪 (後輪） 55 動 力 組 箱 56 曲 柄 軸 57 離 合 器 軸 58 變 速 懷 軸 59 電 動 機 铀 63 起 動 器 單 向離合器 67 離 心 離 合 器 70 速 機 80 電 動 機 83 cm 単 向 離 合 器 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝.
、1T 線 本紙張尺度適州屮國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X 297公釐） 一 13 -

Claims (1)

  1. 541263 A8 B8 C8 D8 9ΙΙ*Ιθ 六、中請專利範圍 7 ( 1.一種混合型車輛，其係具備引擎與電動機以作爲動力 組，經由離合器機構將引擎輸出斷續地輸入變速機，經由 該變速機將引擎輸出傳至驅動輪之同時，並經由電動機軸 將電動機輸出，傳至驅動輪者，其特徵在於： 沿車體前後方向同軸直列配置保持前述離合器機構之離 合器軸、變速機軸及電動機軸的同時，並在此等軸之前後 方向呈重疊狀地平行配置引擎之曲柄軸。 :: 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之混合型直輛，其中前述_離合 '' _ - /器機構係爲離心離合器，前述離合器軸上備有該離心離合 器，前述變速機軸，係用以支持單向離合器與前述__離」(> 離 合器° 3 .如申請專利範圍第1項之混合细車輛，其中前述離合 器軸上備有起動器用單向離合器。 4 .如申請專利範圍第1項之混合型車輛，其中前述動力 組與後輪可一起旋轉安裝在主車架上。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事
    1 ί IT---------· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 1
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EP1012033A1 (en) 2000-06-28
DE69803935T2 (de) 2002-07-18
CN1270562A (zh) 2000-10-18
AR013959A1 (es) 2001-01-31
AU8999498A (en) 1999-04-05
JP3933270B2 (ja) 2007-06-20
KR20010014268A (ko) 2001-02-26
JPH1179054A (ja) 1999-03-23
BR9815502A (pt) 2001-11-06
CN1094861C (zh) 2002-11-27
KR100356748B1 (ko) 2002-10-18
EP1012033B1 (en) 2002-02-20
ID24321A (id) 2000-07-13
ES2173611T3 (es) 2002-10-16
WO1999014109A1 (en) 1999-03-25
DE69803935D1 (de) 2002-03-28
AU741386B2 (en) 2001-11-29
US6158543A (en) 2000-12-12

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