KR950000741A - 에틸렌 및 프로필렌의 엘라스토머성 공중합체 - Google Patents
에틸렌 및 프로필렌의 엘라스토머성 공중합체 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR950000741A KR950000741A KR1019940010319A KR19940010319A KR950000741A KR 950000741 A KR950000741 A KR 950000741A KR 1019940010319 A KR1019940010319 A KR 1019940010319A KR 19940010319 A KR19940010319 A KR 19940010319A KR 950000741 A KR950000741 A KR 950000741A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- propylene
- ethylene
- weight
- content
- reaction ratio
- Prior art date
Links
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 title claims abstract 14
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 12
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 11
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 11
- 229920001198 elastomeric copolymer Polymers 0.000 title 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 150000004291 polyenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 7
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- -1 ethylene, propylene Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims 2
- OJOWICOBYCXEKR-APPZFPTMSA-N (1S,4R)-5-ethylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound CC=C1C[C@@H]2C[C@@H]1C=C2 OJOWICOBYCXEKR-APPZFPTMSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N (4e)-hexa-1,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\CC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DDDRMZMSFMQPPC-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].C1C=CC=C2C([Zr+2])CCC21 Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1C=CC=C2C([Zr+2])CCC21 DDDRMZMSFMQPPC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
- C08F210/18—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers with non-conjugated dienes, e.g. EPT rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65912—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an organoaluminium compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
- C08F4/65922—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
- C08F4/65927—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not two cyclopentadienyl rings being mutually bridged
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/943—Polymerization with metallocene catalysts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Abstract
미경화 상태에서 양호한 엘라스토머성을 갖는 에틸렌과 프로필렌 및 경우에 따라서는 소량의 디엔 또는 폴리엔과의 신규 공중합체.
공중합체는 특히 프로필렌이 짧은 이소택틱 배열의 형태로 존재하는 구조로 특징지워진다. 15 미만의 장력 설정 값(200%)은 에틸렌/플로필렌비가 특정 값을 가지며 고유 점도 값이 3 이상일 때 수득된다.
Description
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
Claims (8)
- -융해 엔탈피로 측정시 결정 함량은 15 J/g미만 ; -25℃펜탄 내에서의 용해도는 95% 이상 ; -트라아드 형태로 있는 프로필렌계 단위의 함량이 프로필렌의 3~10% ; 상기 트리아드 70% 이상이 이소택틱 구조를 나타냄 ; -단량체의 생성물 반응 비 r1ㆍr2는 0.4~0.6(r1은 에틸렌의 반응비이고, r2는 프로필렌의 반응비이다) ; -3dl/g 이상의 고유점도, 상기 특성을 나타내는 55~70중량%의 에틸렌, 30~45중량%의 프로필렌 및 0~10중량%의 디엔 또는 폴리엔을 함유하는, 에틸렌과 프로필렌 및 경우에 따라서는 디엔 또는 폴리엔으로부터 유도된 소량의 단위와의 공중합체.
- 제1항에 있어서, 에틸렌의 함량이 58~65중량%이며, 프로필렌의 함량이 35~42중량5이고, 상기 디엔 또는 폴리엔의 함량이 5몰%까지인 공중합체.
- 제1 또는 2항에 있어서, 고유 점도가 3.5dl/g 이상인 에틸렌과 프로필렌의 공중합체.
- 제3항에 있어서, 1,4-헥사디엔 또는 5-에틸리덴-2-노르보르넨으로부터 유도된 단위를 5중량%까지 함유하는 공중합체.
- 제1 또는 2항에 있어서, 15%미만의 장령 설정(200%, 20℃, 1분)을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 공중합체.
- Al/H2O의 몰비가 1:1 이상 100:1 이하가 되는 양으로 물의 존재하에 불활성 탄화수소 용매내에서 지르코늄 메탈로센 유도체 및 알킬-Al화합물을 함유하는 키랄 촉매와 에틸렌, 프로필렌 및 경우에 따라서는 폴리엔 또는 디엔을 접촉사는 것을 특징으로 하는, -융해 엔탈피로 측정시 결정 함량은 15J/g 미만 ; -25℃펜탄 내에서의 용해도는 95% 이상 ; -트리아드 형태로 있는 프로필렌계 단위의 함량이 프로릴렌의 3~10% ; 상기 트리아드 70% 이상이 이소택틱 구조를 나타냄 ; -단량체의 생성물 반응비는 r1ㆍr2는 0.4~0.6(r1은 에틸렌의 반응비이고, r2는 프로필렌의 반응비이다); -3dl/g 이상의 고유점도, 상기 특성을 나타내는 55~70중량%의 에틸렌, 30~45중량%의 프로필렌 및 0~10중량%의 디엔 또는 폴리엔을 함유하는, 에틸렌과 프로필렌 및 경우에 따라서는 소량의 디엔 또는 폴리엔과의 공중합체의 제조방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, 메탈로센이 에틸렌비스(테트라히드로인데닐)-지르코늄 디클로라이드 또는 디메틸실라닐렌-비스(테트라히드로인데닐)-지르코늄 디클로라이드로 구성된 군으로 부터 선택되며 ; 알킬 -Al화합물은 Al(iBu)3, AlH(iBu)2, Al(iHex)3, Al(C6H5)3, Al(CH2C6H5)3, Al(CH2CMe3)3, Al(CH2SiCMe3)3, ALMe2iBu, AlMe(iBu)2로 구성된 군으로 부터 선택되고 ; 몰비 Al/H2O는 1.1 내지 50:1로 이루어진 방법.
- 제1항 내지 5항 기재의 공중합체로 부터 수득된 제품.※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITMI93A001406 | 1993-06-30 | ||
IT93MI001406A IT1264483B1 (it) | 1993-06-30 | 1993-06-30 | Copolimeri elastomerici dell'etilene con propilene |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR950000741A true KR950000741A (ko) | 1995-01-03 |
Family
ID=11366504
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019940010319A KR950000741A (ko) | 1993-06-30 | 1994-05-11 | 에틸렌 및 프로필렌의 엘라스토머성 공중합체 |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6331600B1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP0632065B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JPH0733827A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR950000741A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1069324C (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE167879T1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU669277B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR9401057A (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2123337A1 (ko) |
DE (1) | DE69411329T2 (ko) |
DK (1) | DK0632065T3 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2119013T3 (ko) |
FI (1) | FI942156A (ko) |
IL (1) | IL109434A (ko) |
IT (1) | IT1264483B1 (ko) |
NO (1) | NO941740L (ko) |
RU (1) | RU2133758C1 (ko) |
TW (1) | TW304959B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1264482B1 (it) * | 1993-06-30 | 1996-09-23 | Spherilene Srl | Copolimeri amorfi dell'etilene con propilene e procedimento per la loro preparazione |
IT1273660B (it) * | 1994-07-20 | 1997-07-09 | Spherilene Srl | Procedimento per la preparazione di polimeri amorfi del propilene |
IT1270125B (it) * | 1994-10-05 | 1997-04-28 | Spherilene Srl | Processo per la ( co) polimerizzazione di olefine |
US6552112B1 (en) | 1997-07-23 | 2003-04-22 | Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A. | Cable with self-extinguishing properties and flame-retardant composition |
IT1293757B1 (it) | 1997-07-23 | 1999-03-10 | Pirelli Cavi S P A Ora Pirelli | Cavi con rivestimento riciclabile a distribuzione omogenea |
US6410651B1 (en) | 1997-07-23 | 2002-06-25 | Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A. | Cables with a halogen-free recyclable coating comprising polypropylene and an ethylene copolymer having high structural uniformity |
US6372344B1 (en) | 1997-07-23 | 2002-04-16 | Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A. | Cables with a halogen-free recyclable coating comprising polypropylene and an ethylene copolymer having high elastic recovery |
IT1293759B1 (it) * | 1997-07-23 | 1999-03-10 | Pirelli Cavi S P A Ora Pirelli | Cavi con rivestimento riciclabile a bassa deformazione residua |
US6924031B2 (en) | 1998-09-25 | 2005-08-02 | Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A. | Low-smoke self-extinguishing electrical cable and flame-retardant composition used therein |
KR20040023813A (ko) | 2001-07-25 | 2004-03-19 | 피렐리 뉴아티씨 소시에떼 퍼 아찌오니 | 엘라스토머 혼합물의 연속제조 공정 및 장치 |
US7964128B2 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2011-06-21 | Pirelli Pneumatici S.P.A. | Process and apparatus for continuously producing an elastomeric composition |
RU2290303C2 (ru) | 2002-07-11 | 2006-12-27 | Пирелли Пнеуматичи С.П.А. | Способ и устройство для непрерывного получения эластомерной композиции |
EP1948703B1 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2009-04-29 | Basell Poliolefine Italia S.r.l. | Propylene-ethylene copolymers and process for their preparation |
BRPI0823007B1 (pt) | 2008-08-05 | 2019-03-06 | Prysmian S.P.A. | Cabo retardador de chamas, e, composição retardadora de chamas |
WO2010033601A1 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2010-03-25 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Polymeric compositions and foams, methods of making the same, and articles prepared from the same |
ITMI20111572A1 (it) | 2011-09-01 | 2013-03-02 | R & D Innovaction S R L | Composizioni antifiamma e relativo processo di produzione |
JP5641528B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-12-17 | 住友理工株式会社 | 燃料電池用シール部材およびそれを用いた燃料電池シール体 |
US10072110B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2018-09-11 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Propylene-based elastomer |
EP3336143A4 (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2019-03-20 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | ETHYLENE-ALPHA-OLEFINE COPOLYMER RUBBER, RUBBER COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING ETHYLENE-ALPHA-OLEFINE COPOLYMER RUBBER |
WO2017206008A1 (en) | 2016-05-30 | 2017-12-07 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Ethylene/alpha-olefin/diene interpolymer |
CN109548404B (zh) * | 2016-08-15 | 2022-02-08 | 埃克森美孚化学专利公司 | 丙烯-α烯烃共聚物及其制造方法 |
WO2022112054A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2022-06-02 | Basell Polyolefine Gmbh | Low-smoke self-extinguishing electrical cable and flame-retardant composition used therein |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1005486B (it) | 1974-02-15 | 1976-08-20 | Montedison Spa | Gomme termoplastiche e processo per la loro preparazione |
US4540753A (en) | 1983-06-15 | 1985-09-10 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Narrow MWD alpha-olefin copolymers |
CA1327673C (en) | 1988-06-16 | 1994-03-08 | Sigmund Floyd | Process for production of high molecular weight epdm elastomers using a metallocene-alumoxane catalyst system |
US5229478A (en) * | 1988-06-16 | 1993-07-20 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for production of high molecular weight EPDM elastomers using a metallocene-alumoxane catalyst system |
US4871705A (en) | 1988-06-16 | 1989-10-03 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for production of a high molecular weight ethylene a-olefin elastomer with a metallocene alumoxane catalyst |
KR900009719A (ko) * | 1988-12-16 | 1990-07-05 | 엠. 데이비드 레오나이드 | 신규 에틸렌-프로필렌 공중합체 |
US5436305A (en) | 1991-05-09 | 1995-07-25 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Organometallic fluorenyl compounds, preparation, and use |
IT1254547B (it) * | 1992-03-23 | 1995-09-25 | Montecatini Tecnologie Srl | Copolimeri elastomerici dell'etilene con alfa-olefine. |
ES2149792T3 (es) * | 1992-06-18 | 2000-11-16 | Montell Technology Company Bv | Catalizadores para la polimerizacion de olefinas. |
ES2115061T3 (es) * | 1992-06-18 | 1998-06-16 | Montell Technology Company Bv | Procedimiento para la preparacion de un copolimero etilenico. |
IT1264406B1 (it) * | 1993-05-11 | 1996-09-23 | Spherilene Srl | Copolimeri amorfi dell'etilene con alfa-olefine e procedimento per la loro preparazione |
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1993
- 1993-06-30 IT IT93MI001406A patent/IT1264483B1/it active IP Right Grant
-
1994
- 1994-04-26 TW TW083103736A patent/TW304959B/zh active
- 1994-04-26 IL IL10943494A patent/IL109434A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-03 AU AU61849/94A patent/AU669277B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-05-04 DE DE69411329T patent/DE69411329T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-04 EP EP94106974A patent/EP0632065B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-04 DK DK94106974T patent/DK0632065T3/da active
- 1994-05-04 ES ES94106974T patent/ES2119013T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-04 AT AT94106974T patent/ATE167879T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-05 RU RU94015592A patent/RU2133758C1/ru active
- 1994-05-09 JP JP6095216A patent/JPH0733827A/ja active Pending
- 1994-05-10 NO NO941740A patent/NO941740L/no unknown
- 1994-05-10 FI FI942156A patent/FI942156A/fi unknown
- 1994-05-10 BR BR9401057A patent/BR9401057A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1994-05-11 CA CA002123337A patent/CA2123337A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-05-11 KR KR1019940010319A patent/KR950000741A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1994-05-11 CN CN94106002A patent/CN1069324C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-04-22 US US08/841,473 patent/US6331600B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2133758C1 (ru) | 1999-07-27 |
FI942156A0 (fi) | 1994-05-10 |
IL109434A0 (en) | 1994-07-31 |
DK0632065T3 (da) | 1998-10-26 |
TW304959B (ko) | 1997-05-11 |
IL109434A (en) | 1999-04-11 |
ATE167879T1 (de) | 1998-07-15 |
AU6184994A (en) | 1995-01-12 |
EP0632065A1 (en) | 1995-01-04 |
AU669277B2 (en) | 1996-05-30 |
DE69411329T2 (de) | 1999-01-14 |
IT1264483B1 (it) | 1996-09-23 |
FI942156A (fi) | 1994-12-31 |
BR9401057A (pt) | 1995-03-07 |
DE69411329D1 (de) | 1998-08-06 |
JPH0733827A (ja) | 1995-02-03 |
NO941740D0 (no) | 1994-05-10 |
ES2119013T3 (es) | 1998-10-01 |
NO941740L (no) | 1995-01-02 |
CA2123337A1 (en) | 1994-12-31 |
RU94015592A (ru) | 1996-04-20 |
ITMI931406A1 (it) | 1994-12-30 |
ITMI931406A0 (it) | 1993-06-30 |
CN1069324C (zh) | 2001-08-08 |
EP0632065B1 (en) | 1998-07-01 |
US6331600B1 (en) | 2001-12-18 |
CN1097013A (zh) | 1995-01-04 |
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