KR20050106592A - 멀티미디어 스트리밍에서 클라이언트 레이트 능력을시그널링하는 방법 - Google Patents

멀티미디어 스트리밍에서 클라이언트 레이트 능력을시그널링하는 방법 Download PDF

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KR20050106592A
KR20050106592A KR1020057015011A KR20057015011A KR20050106592A KR 20050106592 A KR20050106592 A KR 20050106592A KR 1020057015011 A KR1020057015011 A KR 1020057015011A KR 20057015011 A KR20057015011 A KR 20057015011A KR 20050106592 A KR20050106592 A KR 20050106592A
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server
client
data rate
request
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엠레 바리스 악수
이고르 다닐로 디에고 쿠르시오
다비드 레옹
빅터 바르사
루-샹 왕
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노키아 코포레이션
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Abstract

본원에는 패킷 데이터 전달에 관한 멀티미디어 스트리밍 서비스에서의 자원이 한정된 클라이언트 및 서버 간 시그널링 및 니고시에이션 방법이 개시되어 있다. 클라이언트 측의 최대 패킷 레이트 능력에 기인하여 클라이언트 측에서의 패킷들의 폐기를 회피하기 위해, 클라이언트는 서버에 시그널링하여 최대 패킷 레이트 능력을 선언한다. 이러한 능력은 능력 교환 메커니즘을 통해서나 또는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 프로토콜을 사용하여 클라이언트에 시그널링될 수 있다. 클라이언트는 서버에 전송되는 요구 내에 최대 패킷 데이터 레이트 능력을 나타내는 매개변수를 삽입시킨다. 필요한 조치를 취하여 패킷 전달 레이트 조정을 수행하는 것은 서버에게 달려 있다.

Description

멀티미디어 스트리밍에서 클라이언트 레이트 능력을 시그널링하는 방법{Method for signaling client rate capacity in multimedia streaming}
본 발명은 일반적으로 기술하면 멀티미디어 스트리밍의 기술분야에 관한 것이며, 보다 구체적으로 기술하면 멀티미디어 스트리밍 세션들에서 클라이언트의 패킷 레이트 능력을 시그널링하는 기술분야에 관한 것이다.
멀티미디어 스트리밍 서비스에는, 스트리밍 서버, 스트리밍 클라이언트, 및 서버 및 클라이언트 간의 접속을 이루게 해 주는 하부 네트워크와 같은 참가자가 관련되어 있다. 서버는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 콘텐트를 클라이언트에 전달하기 위한 기능을 제공한다. 그러한 목적을 이루기 위해, 클라이언트 및 서버는 능력 교환 방법, 콘텐트 전달 방법의 니고시에이션(negotiation) 방법, 콘텐트 전달 제어 방법 등등에 관하여 상기 네트워크를 통해 서로와의 통신을 이룬다. 그러한 정보 교환은 잘 정의된 네트워크 프로토콜들을 통해 수행될 수 있다.
멀티미디어 스트리밍 세션이 성공적으로 설정 및 개시되기 위해, 서버 및 클라이언트는 상기 서비스에 의해 표준 프로토콜들로서 선택되는 최소 세트의 프로토콜들을 지원해야 할 필요가 있다. 그러한 서비스의 일례는 「2002년 6월, 프로토콜들 및 코덱들(릴리스 5), 3GPP TS 26.234 V5.1.0, "투명 방식의 단말 대 단말 패킷 교환 스트리밍 서비스(PSS)(3GPP TS 26.234 V5.1.0, "Transparent End-to-End Packet Switched Streaming Service(PSS); Protocols and Codecs(Release 5)", June 2002」(이하 TS 26.234로 언급됨)에서 찾아 볼 수 있다. 3G PSS에서 사용되는 그러한 한 세트의 프로토콜들의 예들은 SDP(예를 들면, 1998년 4월, 핸들리(Handley)와 그의 동료 명의로 기고된 IFTF TFC 2327: "SDP: 세션 기술 프로토콜"(IFTF TFC 2327: "SDP: Session Description Protocol", Handley et al., April 1998) 참조), RTSP(예를 들면, 1998년 4월, 슐츠린(Schulzrinne)과 그의 동료 명의로 기고된 IETF RFC 2326: "실시간 스트리밍 프로토콜(RTSP)"(IETF RFC 2326: "Real Time Streaming Protocol(RTSP)", Schulzrinne et al., April 1998) 참조) 및 RTP/RTCP(예를 들면, 1996년 1월, 슐츠린(Schulzrinne)과 그의 동료 명의로 기고된 IETF RFC 1889: "RTP: 실시간 애플리케이션들용 전송 프로토콜"(IETF RFC 1889: "RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications", Schulzrinne et al., January 1996) 참조)이다.
스트리밍 서비스에서, 클라이언트는 자원이 한정되어 있는 장치상에서 실행하는 애플리케이션일 수 있다. 이는 클라이언트가 자신의 수신 노드에 도달하는 잘 정의된 개수보다 많은 패킷을 처리할 수 없는 경우일 수 있다.
상기 서비스들의 대부분에서, 서버 및 클라이언트는 콘텐트 전달에 사용해야 할 이용가능한 대역폭에 관한 니고시에이션을 수행한다. 그러나, 클라이언트가 자원이 한정된 장치일 경우에, 클라이언트는 실제로 클라이언트 자신의 수신 노드로부터 획득할 수 있는 최대 개수의 패킷들을 또한 한정한다. 이같은 한정을 수행하는 시간의 대부분은 시그널링되지 않는다.
이러한 것이 문제일 수 있는 특정한 경우는 50패킷/초의 패킷 레이트로의 데이터 전달(예컨대, 1AMR-NB 프레임/페이로드를 갖는 AMR-NB 코덱)이 이루어질 수 있는 오디오 스트리밍의 경우이다. 동시에 동일한 클라이언트에 데이터를 전달하는 오디오 미디어 소스가 2개 존재하는 경우에(또는 오디오 미디어 소스 외에도, 50패킷/초의 패킷 레이트로 미디어 패킷들을 전달하는 비디오 소스가 또한 존재하는 다른 경우에), 패킷 전달 레이트가 100 패킷/초를 이루겠지만, 이는 클라이언트가 패킷의 폐기 없이 처리하기에는 너무 높은 패킷 전달 레이트일 수 있다.
그러므로, 잘 적응가능한 세션을 갖도록 어느 정도는 클라이언트 및 서버 간에 이러한 값에 관한 니고시에이션을 수행해야 할 필요가 있다.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 시그널링 및 니고시에이션 프로세스의 일부로서의 클라이언트에 의한 선언을 보여주는 도면이다.
본 발명은 서버로부터 클라이언트로의 데이터 전달에 관한 멀티미디어 스트리밍 서비스에서의 자원이 한정된 클라이언트 및 서버 간 시그널링 및 니고시에이션 방법을 제공한다. 특히, 본 발명은 클라이언트의 최대 패킷 레이트 능력을 서버에 시그널링하는 방법을 제공함으로써 서버가 클라이언트 측에서의 패킷의 폐기를 초래하거나 또는 클라이언트 이동 장치를 고장이 나게 하는 이러한 최대 패킷 레이트 값을 초과하지 않게 한다. 상기 방법은 능력 교환 메커니즘을 사용하거나 또는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 제어 프로토콜을 사용하여 수행될 수 있다.
따라서, 본 발명은 패킷 데이터 레이트로 스트리밍 데이터를 클라이언트에 제공하기 위한 서버를 구비하는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서 스트리밍 데이터 전달을 제어하는 방법을 제공하며, 상기 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서의 스트리밍 데이터 전달 제어 방법은,
클라이언트 측의 최대 데이터 레이트 능력을 메시지에 선언하는 단계; 및
상기 메시지를 서버에 시그널링하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
본 발명에 의하면, 상기 메시지는 능력 교환 메커니즘을 통해 서버에 전송되는 요구를 포함하고, 상기 요구는 상기 최대 데이터 레이트 능력을 나타내기 위한 능력 프로필을 포함한다. 상기 최대 데이터 레이트 능력은 상기 능력 프로필에서 능력 매개변수로 나타나게 되며, 상기 능력 매개변수는 RTSP DESCRIBE 요구 내에 포함된다.
더군다나, 상기 최대 데이터 레이트 능력이 능력 교환 서버에 상주하는 능력 정보로 나타나게 되며, 상기 요구는 상기 능력 정보를 나타내는 URL을 포함한다. 서버는 상기 요구에 응답하여 패킷 데이터 레이트의 조정을 위해 상기 능력 교환 메커니즘을 통해 능력 교환 서버로부터 상기 능력 매개변수를 회복한다.
서버는 클라이언트 측의 최대 데이터 레이트 능력에 맞도록 능력 매개변수를 기반으로 하여 상기 패킷 데이터 레이트를 조정할 수 있다.
변형적으로, 상기 메시지는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 제어 프로토콜을 통해 서버에 시그널링되고, 상기 메시지는 상기 최대 데이터 레이트 능력을 나타내는 RTSP 헤더 확장자를 갖는 요구를 포함한다.
본 발명에 따른 데이터 전달 프로세스의 적응에 관한 멀티미디어 스트리밍 서비스에서의 클라이언트 및 서버 간 시그널링 및 니고시에이션 방법이 능력 교환(capability exchange) 메커니즘을 통해서나 또는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 제어 프로토콜을 통해 수행될 수 있다. 상기 멀티미디어 스트리밍 제어 프로토콜은 그러한 서비스와 관련하여 잘 정의되어 있으며 또한 표준화되어 있다. 상기 능력 교환 메커니즘은 당업계에 공지되어 있음으로써, 본 발명의 일부를 이루지 않는다. 상기 데이터 전달 프로세스의 적응은 자원이 한정된 클라이언트의 최대 패킷 레이트 능력을 기반으로 한다. 클라이언트는 최대 패킷 레이트(MaxPacketRate) 값(패킷/초)을 사용하여 자신이 특정 시간 간격에서 처리할 수 있는 최대량의 패킷들에 대한 정의를 내린다.
상기 시그널링이 능력 교환 메커니즘을 통해 수행될 경우, 그러한 절차는 예를 들면 TS 26.234에 언급되어 있는 바와 같은 표준을 기반으로 할 수 있다.
"MaxPacketRate"라는 속성이 클라이언트의 최대 패킷 처리 레이트 능력의 값을 시그널링하기 위해 자원 기술 개념(Resource Description Framework; RDF)의 개요 용어로 정의된다고 하자. 그러한 속성은 패킷/초 단위로 정의된다.
그러한 시그널링 절차는 다음과 같다:
- 클라이언트는 자신의 능력 프로필에서 MaxPacketRate 값을 능력 매개변수로서 선언한다. 예를 들면, 클라이언트는 능력 교환 서버에 상주하는 클라이언트 능력 정보를 나타내는 URI를 갖는 RTSP DESCRIBE 요구를 서버에 전송한다.
- 서버는 능력 교환 메커니즘을 통해 능력 교환 서버로부터 클라이언트의 능력 선언을 회복한다. 상기 선언은 도 1에 도시되어 있는 바와 같이 클라이언트 측의 스트리밍 능력들에 대한 역할을 맡는다. 상기 선언에서의 굵은 라인들은 클라이언트의 최대 패킷 레이트 능력을 나타낸다. MaxPacketRate 값을 획득한 경우, 서버는 클라이언트의 최대 패킷 수신 레이트 능력을 조정하도록 현재 패킷 레이트에 관한 정보를 지닌다. 이후, 서버는 클라이언트에 전달되는 최대 패킷 레이트를 조정할 수 있다. 그러나, 필요한 조치를 취하고 패킷 전달 관련 조정들을 수행하는 것은 서버에게 달려 있다.
상기 시그널링이 멀티미디어 스트리밍 제어 프로토콜을 통해 수행될 경우에, 클라이언트는 잘 정의된 RTSP 옵션 태그, 및 RTSP 헤더 확장자(예를 들면, IETF RFC 2326 참조)를 사용할 수 있다.
"x-maxpacketratesupport"가 RTSP 옵션-태그이라고 하자.
"x-maxpacketrate"가 패킷/초 단위로 정의된 RTSP 헤더 확장자이라고 하자.
클라이언트는 이전에 멀티미디어 세션에 대한 RTSP URL(universal resource locator)을 알고 있었다고 가정하기로 한다.
상기 시그널링 절차는 다음과 같다:
- 클라이언트는 시그널링된 x-maxpacketrate 값으로 전송되는 DESCRIBE 요구에서 MaxPacketRate 값을 선언한다:
Client->Server:
DESCRIBE rtsp://foo/twister RTSP/1.0
CSeq: 1
Require: x- maxpacketratesupport
x- maxpacketrate : 70
- 서버가 클라이언트의 최대 패킷 레이트 능력을 사용하지 못하는 경우, 서버는 "Unsupported: x-maxpacketrate" 라인을 포함하는 RTSP 551 "Option Not Supported(지원되지 않는 옵션)" 메시지나, 또는 "Unsupported: x-maxpacketrate" 라인을 포함하는 RTSP 200 OK 메시지로 응답한다. RTSP "Require(요구)" 헤더의 사용을 통해, 클라이언트는 서버가 상기 매개변수를 고려할 지의 여부를 안다. 서버가 상기 매개변수를 고려할 경우, 클라이언트는 임의의 RTSP 메시지 바디를 사용하여 상기 세션 동안 업데이트된 최대 패킷 레이트 능력을 시그널링할 수 있다.
- 서버가 이러한 매개변수를 사용할 경우, 서버는 상기 RTSP 요구를 검사하여 상기 RTSP 요구가 잘 정의된 x-maxpacketrate 값을 포함하는 것을 확인한다. 서버는 상기 RTSP 요구 메시지로부터 상기 값을 회복한다.
- 클라이언트에 의해 보내진 요구들에서 MaxPacketRate 값을 알고 난 후, 서버는 상기 값을 사용하여 클라이언트에 전달되는 최대 패킷 레이트를 조정한다. 그러나, 필요한 조치를 취하여 패킷 전달 관련 조정들을 수행하는 것은 서버에게 달려 있다.
여기서 유념해야 할 점은 클라이언트 장치에 의해 지속가능한, 네트워크 인터페이스에 의해 획득되는 최대 입력 패킷 레이트가 MaxPacketRate로서 RDF의 개요 용어로 정의될 수 있지만, 상기 최대 입력 패킷 레이트가 달리 지칭될 수 있다는 것이다. 마찬가지로, "x-maxpacketrate" 또는 다른 명칭이 클라이언트 장치에 의해 지속가능한, 네트워크 인터페이스에 의해 획득되는 최대 입력 패킷 레이트를 규정하는 데 사용될 수 있는 동안에는, "x-maxpacketrate" 또는 다른 명칭이 RTSP 메시지에 사용될 수 있다. "x-maxpacketratesupport" 또는 다른 명칭이 서버의 능력을 규정하여 클라이언트 장치에 의해 보내진 임의의 RTSP 메시지를 통해 전송되는 최대 입력 패킷 레이트 헤더를 알고 이를 고려하는 데 사용될 수 있는 동안에는, "x-maxpacketratesupport" 또는 다른 명칭이 RTSP "Require" 헤더에 사용될 수 있다.

Claims (9)

  1. 패킷 데이터 레이트로 스트리밍 데이터를 클라이언트에 제공하기 위한 서버를 구비하는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서 스트리밍 데이터 전달을 제어하는 방법에 있어서,
    클라이언트 측의 최대 데이터 레이트 능력을 메시지에 선언하는 단계; 및
    상기 메시지를 서버에 시그널링하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서의 스트리밍 데이터 전달 제어 방법.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 메시지는 능력 교환 메커니즘을 통해 서버에 전송되는 요구를 포함하고, 상기 요구는 최대 데이터 레이트 능력을 나타내기 위한 능력 프로필을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서의 스트리밍 데이터 전달 제어 방법.
  3. 제2항에 있어서, 상기 최대 데이터 레이트 능력이 상기 능력 프로필에서 능력 매개변수로 나타나게 되는 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서의 스트리밍 데이터 전달 제어 방법.
  4. 제3항에 있어서, 상기 능력 매개변수는 RTSP DESCRIBE 요구 내에 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서의 스트리밍 데이터 전달 제어 방법.
  5. 제4항에 있어서, 상기 최대 데이터 레이트 능력이 능력 교환 서버에 상주하는 능력 정보로 나타나게 되며, 상기 요구는 상기 능력 정보를 나타내는 URL을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서의 스트리밍 데이터 전달 제어 방법.
  6. 제5항에 있어서, 서버는 상기 요구에 응답하여 패킷 데이터 레이트의 조정을 위해 상기 능력 교환 메커니즘을 통해 능력 교환 서버로부터 상기 능력 매개변수를 회복하는 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서의 스트리밍 데이터 전달 제어 방법.
  7. 제6항에 있어서, 서버는 클라이언트 측의 최대 데이터 레이트 능력에 맞도록 능력 매개변수를 기반으로 하여 상기 패킷 데이터 레이트를 조정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서의 스트리밍 데이터 전달 제어 방법.
  8. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 메시지는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 제어 프로토콜을 통해 서버에 시그널링되는 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서의 스트리밍 데이터 전달 제어 방법.
  9. 제9항에 있어서, 상기 메시지는 상기 최대 데이터 레이트 능력을 나타내는 RTSP 헤더 확장자를 갖는 요구를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 멀티미디어 스트리밍 네트워크에서의 스트리밍 데이터 전달 제어 방법.
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