JPH10152689A

JPH10152689A - Equipment for forming solid fuel

Info

Publication number: JPH10152689A
Application number: JP31459296A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Takeshi Kunisada; 彪国貞; Sho Yamashita; 詔山下; Noriaki Kamo; 憲明加茂
Original assignee: Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo Co Ltd
Current assignee: Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date: 1996-11-26
Filing date: 1996-11-26
Publication date: 1998-06-09

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To raise the efficiency of a dryer by using equipment consisting of a sorter for sorting rubbish crushed in a crusher into smaller pieces of kitchen garbage, paper, etc., having high water content and larger pieces of plastics, rubbers, etc., having low water content, a dryer for drying the sorted smaller pieces, and a forming machine for forming the dried smaller pieces and the larger pieces of low water content into a solid fuel. SOLUTION: Rubbish 3 comprising, e.g. kitchen garbage, paper, plastics and rubbers, thrown from a rubbish car 2 is fed on a feeding conveyer 1 into a crusher 4. The rubbish 3 is crushed by impact blow in a crusher 4 so that the kitchen garbage, paper, etc., are rendered smaller pieces 5 while the plastics, rubbers, etc., are rendered larger pieces 6. The smaller pieces 5 and the larger pieces 6 are thrown into a sorter 7 from an inlet 9, and the former falls through the screen openings 8 of a drum 11 while the latter is discharged from an outlet 10. The smaller pieces 5 having a water content of 15-60% is dried in the inner drum 13 of a dryer 12 to a water content of at most 10% and discharged. The dried smaller pieces together with the larger pieces 6 of low water content are put into a forming machine, where these pieces are ground down with rollers and forced into a die to form a pellet of solid fuel 16.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、厨芥、紙、プラス
チック、ゴム等の塵芥から固形燃料を生成する固形燃料
生成装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solid fuel generator for producing solid fuel from dust such as kitchen waste, paper, plastic, rubber and the like.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の固形燃料生成装置は図２に示すよ
うに、塵芥車０１からの厨芥、紙、プラスチック、ゴム
等の塵芥０２は供給コンベア０３により破砕機０４に供
給される。前記破砕機０４、特に打撃破砕機０４では、
塵芥０２中の厨芥、紙等は小さく破砕されて小片０５と
なり、塵芥０２中のプラスチック、ゴム等は小さな破砕
が困難なため大片０６となって排出される。2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional solid fuel generator, as shown in FIG. 2, dust 02 such as garbage, paper, plastic, and rubber from a garbage truck 01 is supplied to a crusher 04 by a supply conveyor 03. In the crusher 04, particularly the impact crusher 04,
Garbage, paper, and the like in the garbage 02 are crushed into small pieces 05, and plastics, rubber, and the like in the garbage 02 are discharged as large pieces 06 due to small crushing difficulty.

【０００３】破砕機０４から排出された小片０５と大片
０６とからなる塵芥０２は乾燥機０７を通した後、成形
機０８によりペレット状の固形燃料０９に成形される。
ところで塵芥０２を乾燥機０７に通すのは、固形燃料０
９の含水率が１０％以上であると、保管中に固形燃料０
９が腐敗することがあるので、含水率を低くして腐敗を
防止するためである。[0003] The dust 02 composed of the small pieces 05 and the large pieces 06 discharged from the crusher 04 passes through a dryer 07 and is formed into solid pellets 09 by a molding machine 08.
By the way, the garbage 02 is passed through the dryer 07 when the solid fuel 0
9 has a water content of 10% or more, the solid fuel
This is to prevent decay by lowering the water content since 9 may rot.

【０００４】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで厨芥、紙等の
小片は含水率が１５〜６０％と高く、プラスチック、ゴ
ム等の大片は含水率が１０％以下と低い。ところが前記
方法では、破砕機で破砕された小片と大片のすべての塵
芥が乾燥機に通されている。このため、乾燥機は大型の
ものが必要となるばかりか、乾燥機の効率を高めること
ができなかった。However, small pieces such as kitchen garbage and paper have a high water content of 15 to 60%, and large pieces such as plastic and rubber have a low water content of 10% or less. However, in the above method, all the small pieces and large pieces of dust crushed by the crusher are passed through the dryer. For this reason, not only did the dryer need to be large, but the efficiency of the dryer could not be increased.

【０００５】そこで本発明の目的は、塵芥から固形燃料
を生成する際、乾燥機を小型化でき、乾燥機の効率を高
めるようにすることにある。Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to reduce the size of a dryer and increase the efficiency of the dryer when producing solid fuel from dust.

【０００６】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
本発明の固形燃料生成装置は、厨芥、紙、プラスチッ
ク、ゴム等の塵芥を破砕する破砕機と、前記破砕機によ
り破砕された塵芥を厨芥、紙等の含水率の高い小片とプ
ラスチック、ゴム等の含水率の低い大片とに選別する選
別機と、前記選別機で選別された前記小片を乾燥させる
乾燥機と、前記乾燥機で乾燥された小片と前記選別機で
選別された前記大片とを固形燃料に成形する成形機とか
らなることを特徴としている。In order to achieve the above object, a solid fuel generator according to the present invention comprises a crusher for crushing garbage such as kitchen garbage, paper, plastic and rubber, and a crusher for crushing garbage by the crusher. Garbage, sorter for sorting small pieces with high moisture content such as paper and large pieces with low moisture content such as plastics and rubber, a dryer for drying the small pieces sorted by the sorter, and drying with the dryer A molding machine for molding the selected small pieces and the large pieces sorted by the sorting machine into a solid fuel.

【０００７】[0007]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて説明する。１は塵芥車２等から投入された厨
芥、紙、プラスチック、ゴム等からなる塵芥３を破砕機
４に供給する供給コンベアである。前記破砕機４は前記
塵芥３をハンマ（図示せず）により打撃するもので、塵
芥３中の厨芥、紙等は小さく破砕されて小片５となり、
塵芥３中のプラスチック、ゴム等は小さな破砕が困難な
ため大片６となる。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a supply conveyor for supplying garbage 3 made of garbage, paper, plastic, rubber, or the like input from a garbage truck 2 to a crusher 4. The crusher 4 strikes the garbage 3 with a hammer (not shown), and the garbage, paper, etc. in the garbage 3 are crushed into small pieces 5,
The plastic, rubber, etc. in the refuse 3 become large pieces 6 because they are difficult to crush small.

【０００８】前記小片５は厨芥、紙等のため含水率は１
５〜６０％と高く、また大片６はプラスチック、ゴム等
のため含水率は１０％以下と低くなっている。７は複数
の篩目８を有し、前後に投入口９と排出口１０とを有す
るドラム１１を傾動状態で回転可能に支持したトロンメ
ルンスクリーン式の選別機で、この選別機７は小片５と
大片６とが投入口９より投入され、小片５は篩目８より
落下し、大片６は排出口１０より落下するようになって
いる。The small piece 5 has a water content of 1 due to garbage and paper.
The water content is as low as 10% or less because the large piece 6 is made of plastic, rubber or the like. Reference numeral 7 denotes a trommel-screen sorter which has a plurality of sieves 8 and rotatably supports a drum 11 having an inlet 9 and an outlet 10 at the front and rear in a tilted state. And the large piece 6 are introduced from the inlet 9, the small piece 5 falls from the sieve 8, and the large piece 6 falls from the discharge port 10.

【０００９】１２は内ドラム１３と外ドラム１４とが共
に回転し、内ドラム１３の外面を高温熱風で加熱し、内
面を中温の熱風で加熱するロータリーキルン式の乾燥機
で、この乾燥機１２には含水率が１５〜６０％と高い厨
芥、紙等の小片５が内ドラム１３に投入され、含水率が
１０％以下に乾燥されて内ドラム１３より排出される。Reference numeral 12 denotes a rotary kiln type dryer in which the inner drum 13 and the outer drum 14 rotate together, the outer surface of the inner drum 13 is heated by high-temperature hot air, and the inner surface is heated by medium-temperature hot air. Small pieces 5 such as garbage and paper having a high water content of 15 to 60% are put into the inner drum 13, dried to a water content of 10% or less, and discharged from the inner drum 13.

【００１０】１５は乾燥機１２で乾燥された小片５と選
別機７で選別された大片６とが投入され、ローラ（図示
せず）ですりつぶしながらダイス（図示せず）に押し込
んでペレット状の固形燃料１６に成形するローラダイス
式の成形機である。ところで本実施の形態では選別機を
トロンメルンスクリーン式としているが、篩を振動させ
て、網目を通過する小片と、網目を通過しない大片とに
選別する振動篩式等の選別機でもよい。[0015] In the step 15, small pieces 5 dried by the dryer 12 and large pieces 6 selected by the sorter 7 are put, and are pressed into a die (not shown) while being ground by a roller (not shown). This is a roller die type molding machine for molding into a solid fuel 16. By the way, in the present embodiment, the sorting machine is a trommel screen type, but it may be a vibrating screen type sorting machine that vibrates a sieve to separate small pieces that pass through the mesh and large pieces that do not pass through the mesh.

【００１１】また乾燥機をロータリーキルン式としてい
るが、貯留槽の上部から小片と投入し、貯留槽の下部か
ら低温熱風を送る貯留槽式等の乾燥機であってもよい。
更に成形機をローラダイス式としているが、スクリュー
により小片と大片とを圧縮して一部半溶融状態とした
後、ダイに押し込むスクリュー式等の成形機であっても
よい。Although the dryer is of a rotary kiln type, it may be of a storage tank type or the like in which small pieces are charged from the upper part of the storage tank and low-temperature hot air is sent from the lower part of the storage tank.
Furthermore, although the molding machine is of a roller die type, a screw-type molding machine may be used in which the small piece and the large piece are partially melted by a screw and then pushed into a die.

【００１２】本発明は前記の如き構成で次に作用につい
て説明する。塵芥車２により運搬されてきた厨芥、紙、
プラスチック、ゴム等の混在した塵芥３は供給コンベア
１に投入される。投入された塵芥３は供給コンベア１に
より運ばれていき、破砕機４に供給される。供給された
塵芥３は破砕機４で打撃破砕されて、厨芥、紙等は小さ
くなって小片５となり、プラスチック、ゴム等は小さな
破砕が困難なため大片６となる。The operation of the present invention having the above-described structure will now be described. Garbage, paper, transported by garbage truck 2
Dust 3 mixed with plastic, rubber, and the like is put into the supply conveyor 1. The input dust 3 is carried by the supply conveyor 1 and supplied to the crusher 4. The supplied dust 3 is blown and crushed by a crusher 4, and kitchen trash, paper, and the like are reduced to small pieces 5, and plastic, rubber, and the like are converted to large pieces 6 because small crushing is difficult.

【００１３】前記小片５は厨芥、紙等のため含水率が１
５〜６０％と高く、大片６はプラスチック、ゴム等のた
め含水率は１０％以下と低くなっている。前記破砕機４
で破砕された塵芥３の小片５と大片６とは選別機７のド
ラム１１の投入口９に投入される。すると小片５はドラ
ム１１の篩目８より落下し、大片６はドラムの排出口１
０より排出される。The small piece 5 has a moisture content of 1 due to kitchen waste, paper and the like.
The water content is as low as 10% or less because the large piece 6 is made of plastic, rubber or the like. The crusher 4
The small pieces 5 and the large pieces 6 of the refuse 3 crushed by the above are put into the input port 9 of the drum 11 of the sorter 7. Then, the small piece 5 falls from the sieve 8 of the drum 11 and the large piece 6 becomes the discharge port 1 of the drum.
It is discharged from 0.

【００１４】前記選別機７のドラム１１の篩目８より落
下した小片５は含水率が１５〜６０％と高いので、次の
乾燥機１２の内ドラム１３に投入される。乾燥機の１２
の内ドラム１３に送られた小片５は内ドラム１３内で含
水率が１０％以下に乾燥され、内ドラム１３より排出さ
れる。このとき、乾燥機１２には含水率の低い大片６は
投入されず、含水率の高い小片５のみが投入されるの
で、乾燥機１２を小型化でき、乾燥機１２の効率を高め
ることができる。The small pieces 5 dropped from the sieves 8 of the drum 11 of the sorting machine 7 have a high water content of 15 to 60%, and are then put into the inner drum 13 of the dryer 12. 12 in the dryer
The small piece 5 sent to the inner drum 13 is dried in the inner drum 13 to a moisture content of 10% or less and discharged from the inner drum 13. At this time, the large pieces 6 having a low moisture content are not supplied to the dryer 12 but only the small pieces 5 having a high moisture content are supplied. Therefore, the size of the dryer 12 can be reduced, and the efficiency of the dryer 12 can be increased. .

【００１５】次に乾燥機１２の内ドラム１３より排出さ
れた小片５と選別機７のドラム１１の排出口１０より排
出された大片６とは共に含水率は１０％以下となってお
り、これらの小片５と大片６とは成形機１５に投入され
る。成形機１５に投入された小片５と大片６とはローラ
ですりつぶされながらダイスに押し込まれてペレット状
の固形燃料１６となり、成形機１５より排出される。こ
の固形燃料１６は含水率が１０％以下なので、保管中に
腐敗することはない。Next, both the small pieces 5 discharged from the inner drum 13 of the dryer 12 and the large pieces 6 discharged from the discharge port 10 of the drum 11 of the separator 7 have a water content of 10% or less. The small piece 5 and the large piece 6 are put into a molding machine 15. The small piece 5 and the large piece 6 charged into the molding machine 15 are pressed into a die while being ground by a roller, become pellet-like solid fuel 16, and discharged from the molding machine 15. Since the solid fuel 16 has a water content of 10% or less, it does not rot during storage.

【００１６】[0016]

【発明の効果】以上の如く本発明は、破砕機により破砕
された塵芥を、選別機により厨芥、紙等の含水率の高い
小片と、プラスチック、ゴム等の含水率の低い大片とに
選別し、前記小片のみを乾燥機で乾燥し、乾燥した小片
と選別した大片６とを成形機で成形して固形燃料とした
ので、乾燥機を小型化でき、乾燥機の効率を高めること
ができる。As described above, according to the present invention, refuse crushed by a crusher is separated into small pieces having a high moisture content such as kitchen garbage and paper by a sorter and large pieces having a low moisture content such as plastic and rubber. Since only the small pieces are dried by a dryer, and the dried small pieces and the selected large pieces 6 are formed into a solid fuel by a molding machine, the size of the dryer can be reduced, and the efficiency of the dryer can be increased.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】本発明の固形燃料生成装置の全体図である。FIG. 1 is an overall view of a solid fuel generator of the present invention.

【図２】従来の固形燃料生成装置の全体図である。FIG. 2 is an overall view of a conventional solid fuel generator.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

３塵芥４破砕機５小片６大片７選別機１２乾燥機１５成形機 3 Garbage 4 Crusher 5 Small pieces 6 Large pieces 7 Sorter 12 Dryer 15 Molding machine

Claims

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]

【請求項１】厨芥、紙、プラスチック、ゴム等の塵芥
を破砕する破砕機と、前記破砕機により破砕された塵芥
を厨芥、紙等の含水率の高い小片とプラスチック、ゴム
等の含水率の低い大片とに選別する選別機と、前記選別
機で選別された前記小片を乾燥させる乾燥機と、前記乾
燥機で乾燥された小片と前記選別機で選別された前記大
片とを固形燃料に成形する成形機とからなる固形燃料生
成装置。1. A crusher for crushing garbage such as kitchen garbage, paper, plastic, rubber, etc., A sorter for sorting into small large pieces, a dryer for drying the small pieces sorted by the sorter, and forming the small pieces dried by the dryer and the large pieces sorted by the sorter into a solid fuel. A solid fuel generator comprising a molding machine.