JP3476439B2 - Solid waste fuel conversion plant - Google Patents

Solid waste fuel conversion plant

Info

Publication number
JP3476439B2
JP3476439B2 JP2001014440A JP2001014440A JP3476439B2 JP 3476439 B2 JP3476439 B2 JP 3476439B2 JP 2001014440 A JP2001014440 A JP 2001014440A JP 2001014440 A JP2001014440 A JP 2001014440A JP 3476439 B2 JP3476439 B2 JP 3476439B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
crushed
combustible
crusher
waste
supplied
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP2001014440A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2002210448A (en
Inventor
由和 小林
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Miike Tekkou KK
Original Assignee
Miike Tekkou KK
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Miike Tekkou KK filed Critical Miike Tekkou KK
Priority to JP2001014440A priority Critical patent/JP3476439B2/en
Publication of JP2002210448A publication Critical patent/JP2002210448A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3476439B2 publication Critical patent/JP3476439B2/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]

Landscapes

  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、家庭ゴミ等のプ
ラスチックや紙や衣類やトレー等の一般可燃ごみや、家
具や電化製品等の可燃性粗大ごみから可燃固形物を分離
して乾燥してから固形化装置によって燃料物に固形化す
るごみ固形燃料化プラントに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention separates combustible solids from general combustible waste such as plastics such as household waste, paper, clothes, trays, etc. and combustible bulky refuse such as furniture and electric appliances, and drying them. The present invention relates to a refuse solid fuel conversion plant in which a solidification device solidifies a fuel material.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】近年、一般廃棄物として、また事業所廃
棄物として廃棄される発泡スチロールや、家電製品のプ
ラスチック成形品等に、またシート状、フィルム状、袋
状、ボトル状等の比較的薄い肉厚で各種成形品等に加工
された廃棄プラスチック物は、プラスチックの原材料と
して再資源化されたり、棒や杭等の成形品に再加工され
たり、再生固形燃料や再生油の原料に使用されるように
成ってきた。特に、２０００年には包装物リサイクル法
が施行されることになり、リサイクルに対する関心が高
まっている。そのような資源の再利用を促進する為に、
可燃ごみからＲＤＦ等の可燃固形物を固形化する装置が
開発されるようになった。しかし、可燃ごみから可燃固
形物を固形化する前工程で実施される乾燥については、
十分な管理が成されていなかった。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, it has been relatively thin in the form of sheets, films, bags, bottles, etc., such as Styrofoam, which is discarded as general waste and as waste at business establishments, and plastic molded products for home appliances. Waste plastics that have been thickly processed into various molded products are recycled as raw materials for plastics, reprocessed into molded products such as rods and piles, and used as raw materials for recycled solid fuel and recycled oil. It came to be like. In particular, since the Package Recycling Law came into force in 2000, interest in recycling is increasing. To facilitate the reuse of such resources,
An apparatus for solidifying combustible solid matter such as RDF from combustible waste has come to be developed. However, regarding the drying performed in the previous step of solidifying combustible solids from combustible waste,
It was not well managed.

【０００３】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】乾燥について十分管理
を行わないと、１８０℃以上になると人体に悪影響を与
えるダイオキシンが発生したり、また温度を上げ過ぎる
と高温に弱いプラスチックは乾燥機の内部で溶着し、引
火して火災になったり、同時にダイオキシンが発生する
惧がある他、紙や衣類も燃えてしまうという問題が起き
る。さらに、水分の多い残飯等が混入していると、乾燥
が不十分な部分が生じ、温度管理が繁雑になったり、硬
い土砂や石、金属が混入しているとプラント機器の作動
部を摩耗させてしまう問題が起きる。If the drying is not adequately controlled, dioxin that adversely affects the human body will be generated at 180 ° C. or higher, and if the temperature is too high, plastic that is sensitive to high temperatures will be stored inside the dryer. There is a problem that it may be welded and ignited to cause a fire, and at the same time, dioxins may be generated, and paper and clothing may be burned. In addition, if leftover food with a high water content is mixed in, some parts may be insufficiently dried, resulting in complicated temperature control, or if hard soil, stones, or metal is mixed in, the operating parts of the plant equipment will wear out. There is a problem that causes it.

【０００４】本発明は、上記に鑑みて提案されたもので
あって、一般可燃ごみや可燃性粗大ごみから、破砕片に
することで可燃軽量物と、可燃重量物と含水可燃性小粒
物に分けて、それらを、ダイオキシン発生の温度を回避
して、有効な乾燥を行なうことができ、且つ、保形性が
良く可燃物含有量の多い良質な固形燃料を得ることを目
的としている。本発明は、さらに、乾燥機からの排気熱
を回収すること、熱利用効率を高め、、破砕片寸法を揃
えこと、硬い土砂や石、金属などの硬質材料を除去して
プラント機器の作動部の摩耗を低減することが可能なご
み固形燃料化プラントを提供するものである。The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and it is made into combustible lightweight materials, combustible heavy materials, and water-containing combustible small particles from crushed pieces of general combustible waste or combustible bulky waste. The purpose is to obtain a high-quality solid fuel that can be effectively dried by avoiding the temperature at which dioxin is generated and has good shape retention and a high combustible content. The present invention further collects exhaust heat from the dryer, enhances heat utilization efficiency, aligns crushed pieces size, removes hard materials such as hard earth and sand, metal, etc. to operate parts of plant equipment. The present invention provides a refuse solid fuel conversion plant capable of reducing the wear of the waste.

【０００５】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記した目的を達成する
ために、本発明のごみ固形燃料化プラントは：可燃固形
物を含むごみを破砕する破砕機と、破砕物を可燃固形物
の多い軽量破砕物と、可燃固形物も混合し、主に金属物
や瓶等の転がり易い物等を含む重量破砕物と、土砂やガ
ラスや水分を多く含んだ残飯等の小粒物とに選別する傾
斜３種選別機と、上記重量破砕物を粉砕機で粉砕後に比
較的軽い可燃固形粉砕物と比較的重い未燃固形粉砕物と
に選別する選別機又は篩機と、上記可燃固形物の多い軽
量破砕物を比較的温度の低い熱風によって水分１０ｗ％
以下に乾燥する第１乾燥機と、上記可燃固形粉砕物と上
記小粒物を上記第１乾燥機の熱風よりも高温の熱風によ
って水分１０ｗ％以下に乾燥する第２乾燥機と、各々乾
燥された上記軽量破砕物と上記可燃固形粉砕物と上記小
粒物とを圧縮して固形燃料に固形化する固形化装置とか
ら成ることを特徴としている。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the solid waste fueling plant of the present invention comprises: a crusher for crushing refuse containing combustible solids, and a lighter crushed material having a large amount of combustible solids. Gradient 3 that mixes crushed materials and combustible solids, and mainly sorts into crushed materials such as metal objects and easy-to-roll objects such as bottles, and small particles such as earth and sand, glass, and leftover rice that contains a lot of water 3 A seed sorter, a sorter or sieve that sorts the heavy crushed product into a relatively light combustible solid crushed product and a relatively heavy unburned solid crushed product after crushing with the crusher, and a lightweight crushed product with a large amount of the combustible solids. 10w% water content by hot air with relatively low temperature
A first dryer which is dried below, a second dryer which dries the combustible solid pulverized product and the small particles to a water content of 10 w% or less by hot air having a temperature higher than that of the hot air of the first drier, respectively. It is characterized by comprising a solidification device that compresses the lightly crushed material, the combustible solid pulverized material, and the small particles into a solid fuel.

【０００６】従って、一般可燃ごみや可燃性粗大ごみを
破砕機によって破砕して破砕片として、それらから、傾
斜３種選別機によってプラスチックや、紙や、衣類や、
トレー等の可燃軽量物と、家具や電化製品等のから出る
可燃重量物と、水分の含有量の多い流動小粒物とに分け
て、乾燥の差別化を図る。それらがダイオキシン発生の
１８０℃以上の温度になるのを回避して、第１乾燥機に
よって軽量物を、例えば乾燥機の入口温度で７０〜１１
０℃前後の低い温度の熱風で乾燥するものがせ好まし
い、これに対して、第２乾燥機による重量物や多水分小
粒物の乾燥は、乾燥機の入口温度で、３００℃前後の高
い温度、例えば、２５０〜３５０℃の熱風で乾燥し、乾
燥中にプラスチックや紙等の軽量物の燃焼を防止し、水
分の含有量の多い流動小粒物も完全に乾燥させ、ダイオ
キシンの発生発生を防止し且つ良好な効率的な乾燥を行
う。乾燥物形態の差別化を図ることにより、固形化装置
による良質な固形燃料の製造が可能になる。Therefore, general combustible waste and combustible bulky waste are crushed by a crusher into crushed pieces, from which plastic, paper, clothes,
Differentiate the drying by dividing into combustible lightweight materials such as trays, combustible heavy materials such as furniture and electric appliances, and fluid small particles with a high water content. By avoiding the temperature of 180 ° C. or higher at which dioxin is generated, the first dryer dries the lightweight materials, for example, at a drier inlet temperature of 70 to 11
Drying with hot air at a low temperature of around 0 ° C is preferable, whereas drying of heavy substances and small particles of high moisture content by the second dryer is a high temperature of around 300 ° C at the inlet temperature of the dryer. For example, it is dried with hot air at 250-350 ° C to prevent the burning of lightweight materials such as plastic and paper during drying, and to completely dry even the fluid small particles with a high water content to prevent the generation of dioxins. And good and efficient drying. By differentiating the form of the dried product, it becomes possible to manufacture good quality solid fuel by the solidification device.

【０００７】 上記破砕機は、ごみピットから供給され
る一般可燃ごみを破砕する破砕機と、可燃粗大ごみを破
砕する粗大ごみ粗砕機と、から構成されており、上記粗
大ごみ破砕機による破砕物は、上記ごみピットに供給さ
れ、ごみの差別化を図ることで破砕機の性能を選択し
て、効率的な破砕を行うと共に、粗大ごみを破砕後に、
一般可燃ごみに統合することで処理ラインを簡素化して
処理機器の設置数を合理化できる。また、上記粉砕機
は、軽量破砕物を粉砕する第１粉砕機と、上記重量破砕
物用の第２の粉砕機とを含み、粉砕機による粉砕を行っ
て破片を小さくすることで、可燃物分離を促進できる。The crusher includes a crusher for crushing general combustible waste supplied from a waste pit and a coarse crusher for crushing combustible bulky waste. Is supplied to the above-mentioned waste pit and selects the performance of the crusher by differentiating the waste to perform efficient crushing, and after crushing the bulky waste,
By integrating with general combustible waste, the processing line can be simplified and the number of installed processing equipment can be rationalized. The crusher includes a first crusher for crushing a light crushed material and a second crusher for a heavy crushed material, and combustible materials are obtained by crushing by a crusher to reduce debris. Can promote separation.

【０００８】上記第１及び第２の乾燥機からの排気ガス
は、乾燥機排気ガス用サイクロンセパレータに供給され
て、該サイクロンセパレータで分離されたダストは、上
記固形化装置に供給され且つ排気は、熱交換器に供給さ
れ、乾燥機からの排気ガス中に含まれている可燃ダスト
をサイクロンセパレータで回収して燃料固形物に利用す
ると共に、ガスを清浄化でき、さらに乾燥機からの排気
ガス熱を熱交換器において乾燥機への供給空気の予熱に
利用でき、熱効率を高めることが可能になる。The exhaust gas from the first and second dryers is supplied to a dryer exhaust gas cyclone separator, and the dust separated by the cyclone separator is supplied to the solidification device and exhausted. The combustible dust contained in the exhaust gas from the dryer supplied to the heat exchanger can be collected by the cyclone separator and used as fuel solids, and the gas can be purified, and the exhaust gas from the dryer can be further removed. The heat can be used for preheating the air supplied to the dryer in the heat exchanger, and the thermal efficiency can be improved.

【０００９】上記熱交換器は、上記排気用の１次通路
と、該１次通路を通過後の該排気が脱臭炉で燃料が付加
されて燃焼して発生する燃焼ガスが通過する該燃焼ガス
用の２次通路とを有してもよく、乾燥機で乾燥中に発生
する臭気を脱臭炉において燃料の付加で燃焼させて脱臭
でき、脱臭後の燃焼ガスによって熱交換器において乾燥
機への供給空気の予熱を行い、熱効率を高めることがで
きる。The heat exchanger has a primary passage for the exhaust gas, and a combustion gas generated by combustion of the exhaust gas after passing through the primary passage in the deodorizing furnace with fuel added thereto. And a secondary passage for use in the dryer, the odor generated during drying in the dryer can be burned by adding fuel in the deodorization furnace to deodorize, and the combustion gas after deodorization can be used to transfer the odor to the dryer in the heat exchanger. The supply air can be preheated to improve the thermal efficiency.

【００１０】上記熱交換器の上記２次通路を通過後の上
記燃焼ガスは、次の副熱交換器の１次通路に供給され、
２次通路を通る上記乾燥機に供給される乾燥用空気を加
熱するようにしもよく、乾燥機からの排気ガスを燃焼脱
臭処理して比較的高温になった燃焼ガスによって副熱交
換器において乾燥機への供給空気の予熱を行い、熱効率
を高めることができる。The combustion gas after passing through the secondary passage of the heat exchanger is supplied to the primary passage of the next auxiliary heat exchanger,
The drying air supplied to the dryer passing through the secondary passage may be heated, and the exhaust gas from the dryer is burnt and deodorized to be dried in the auxiliary heat exchanger by the combustion gas having a relatively high temperature. The air supplied to the machine can be preheated to improve the thermal efficiency.

【００１１】上記副熱交換器の上記２次通路を通過する
乾燥用空気は、上記ごみピットや、生ごみ収集部等から
吸引され供給される臭気空気であり、上記副熱交換器の
上記１次通路に供給され通過した上記燃焼ガスは、集塵
機と触媒塔を通過後に大気に放出さされるのがよく、本
プラントに係わるごみピットや、生ごみ収集部等から発
生する臭気を脱臭炉で燃焼処理することで脱臭し、また
さらに副熱交換器の１次通路に供給され通過した上記燃
焼ガスは、集塵機と触媒塔で処理されてから大気に放出
されるので臭気公害や粉塵公害を抑制できる。The drying air passing through the secondary passage of the sub heat exchanger is odorous air sucked and supplied from the dust pit, the garbage collection unit, etc. The combustion gas supplied to and passed through the next passage is often released to the atmosphere after passing through the dust collector and the catalyst tower, and the odor generated from the dust pits related to this plant and the garbage collection part is burned in the deodorization furnace. The combustion gas that is deodorized by processing and is further supplied to and passed through the primary passage of the auxiliary heat exchanger is processed by the dust collector and the catalyst tower and then released into the atmosphere, so that odor pollution and dust pollution can be suppressed. .

【００１２】上記傾斜３種選別機は、各回転軸に複数の
円盤を隔設してなる各ロータを前後隣接するもの同士が
円盤を互いに入り組ませて篩隙間を形成するように傾斜
平面状に互いに平行に配列され、下から上へ送りをかけ
るように回転駆動される傾斜型回転ロータ選別機か、又
は傾斜した複数の短冊状篩板をクランク機構で下から上
へ送りをかけるように駆動される傾斜型クランク駆動篩
板選別機か、又は傾斜篩板上を傾斜方向とほぼ直交する
方向に、小間隔で垂らしたチェーン等の軽量破砕物搬送
体を２〜３段毎に横移動させる傾斜篩板型軽量物横搬送
選別機か、又はトロンメル選別機から構成され、破砕後
のごみ対して、例えば家庭ごみ等一般ごみに対しては傾
斜型回転ロータ選別機を、廃建材が多いごみに対しては
傾斜型クランク駆動篩板選別機を、衣類等繊維製品を多
く含むごみに対しては傾斜篩板型軽量物横搬送選別機
を、粒状物が多い場合はトロンメル選別機を適宜選択で
きると共に、硬質物の除去を促進して後続機器の摩耗を
予防できる。In the inclined three-class sorter, rotors each having a plurality of discs spaced from each other on the rotary shaft are adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction so that the discs are intertwined with each other to form a sieve gap. , Which are arranged in parallel with each other and are driven to rotate from bottom to top, or a plurality of tilted strip-shaped sieve plates are fed from bottom to top by a crank mechanism. A tilted crank-driven sieve plate sorter that is driven, or a lightweight crushed material carrier such as a chain that hangs on the inclined sieve plate at a small interval in a direction substantially orthogonal to the tilt direction is laterally moved every 2 to 3 steps. It consists of a slanted sieve plate type lightweight material horizontal conveyor sorter or a trommel sorter. For trash after crushing, for example household waste such as tilted rotary rotor sorter, there are many waste building materials Inclined crank drive for garbage A sieve plate sorter, a slanted sieve plate type lightweight material lateral transport sorter for dust that contains a lot of textiles such as clothes, and a trommel sorter when there are a lot of particulates can be selected as appropriate, while removing hard materials. It can be accelerated to prevent the wear of subsequent equipment.

【００１３】上記固形化装置は、リングダイ式ペレット
ミル造粒機か、又はエキストルーダ固形物成形機か、又
は螺旋体押し出し成形機から構成され、固形燃料の利用
形態に応じて成形機を変えて小粒状態から棒状まで成形
できる。The solidification device is composed of a ring die pellet mill granulator, an extruder solid material molding machine, or a spiral extrusion molding machine. The molding machine is changed according to the usage form of the solid fuel. It can be molded from a state to a rod shape.

【００１４】上記可燃固形物を含むごみは、一般可燃ご
みと、可燃粗大ごみとを有し、上記一般可燃ごみは、上
記破砕機で破砕され、破砕片は磁選機で鉄くずを除去後
に上記傾斜３種選別機によって可燃固形物の多い軽量破
砕物と、可燃固形物も混合し、主に金属物や瓶等の転が
り易い物等を含む重量破砕物と、土砂や残飯等の小粒物
とに選別され、上記軽量破砕物は、第１粉砕機によって
粉砕されてから上記第１乾燥機において比較的温度の低
い熱風によって水分１０ｗ％以下に乾燥されて固形化装
置用定量供給機に送られ、上記重量破砕物は、上記可燃
粗大ごみの破砕片と共に第２粉砕機によって粉砕されて
から第１風力選別機によって可燃物を選別して、可燃物
は、上記小粒物と共に第２乾燥機において上記第１乾燥
機の熱風よりも高温の熱風によって水分１０ｗ％以下に
乾燥され、第２風力選別機によって土砂と可燃物とに選
別され、可燃物は上記固形化装置用定量供給機に送ら
れ、上記可燃粗大ごみは、粗大ごみ粗砕機で破砕され、
破砕片は磁選機で鉄くずを除去後に上記一般可燃ごみと
共に上記破砕機によって破砕さ、比較的識別し易い一般
可燃ごみと、可燃粗大ごみとに分けて収集して、可燃粗
大ごみを一度破砕してから一般可燃ごみに統合すること
で、破砕負荷を軽減でき、また磁選機で鉄くずを回収で
きる。破砕物は、傾斜作動３種選別機によって重量破砕
物と軽量破砕物と小粒物とに分類して、プラスチック等
の燃えやすく乾燥物の多い軽量破砕物を第１粉砕機によ
って粉砕後に第１乾燥機において比較的低い温度で燃焼
させずに乾燥できる。比較的高温に耐える重量破砕物の
粉砕物と水分の多い小粒物とを第２乾燥機において高温
の熱風によって乾燥し、その乾燥後に第２風力選別機に
よって土砂と重量破砕物とに選別される。土砂や鉄くず
の無い乾燥軽量破砕物及び乾燥重量破砕物は、各々固形
化装置用定量供給機を経て固形化装置に供給される。そ
の間に、硬い土砂や石、金属を除去してプラント機器の
作動部の摩耗も低減できる。The trash containing the combustible solids includes general combustible trash and combustible bulky trash. The general combustible trash is crushed by the crusher, and the crushed pieces are removed by a magnetic separator to remove the iron waste. Lightweight crushed material with a large amount of combustible solids and combustible solids are mixed by a grade 3 grader, and heavy crushed materials mainly containing metal, bottles and other easily rolled materials, and small particles such as earth and sand and leftover food. The light-weight crushed material is pulverized by the first pulverizer, dried in the first dryer by hot air having a relatively low temperature to a water content of 10 w% or less, and then sent to the solidification device quantitative feeder. The heavy crushed material is crushed by the second crusher together with the crushed pieces of the combustible bulky waste, and then the combustible material is sorted by the first air classifier, and the combustible material is crushed by the second dryer together with the small particles. Higher than hot air from the first dryer Is dried to 10 w% or less by hot air of No. 2, and is sorted into earth and sand and combustibles by the second wind sorter, and the combustibles are sent to the quantitative feeder for the solidification device, and the combustible bulky waste is coarse bulky waste. Crushed by a crusher,
Crushed pieces are crushed by the crusher together with the above general combustible waste after removing iron scraps by a magnetic separator, and are collected separately into general combustible waste that is relatively easy to identify and combustible bulky garbage, and the combustible bulky waste is crushed once Then, by integrating it with general combustible waste, the crushing load can be reduced and the iron scrap can be collected with a magnetic separator. The crushed material is classified into a heavy crushed material, a light crushed material and a small particle by a tilting type 3 sorter, and a light crushed material such as plastic which is easily burned and contains a lot of dry matter is crushed by a first crusher and then first dried. It can be dried in the machine at relatively low temperatures without burning. The crushed product of heavy crushed material that can withstand relatively high temperature and the small particles with high water content are dried by hot air at high temperature in the second dryer, and after the drying, the sand and heavy crushed material are sorted by the second wind sorter. . The dry lightweight crushed material and the dry weight crushed material free of earth and sand and iron shavings are supplied to the solidification device through the quantitative supply device for the solidification device. In the meantime, hard earth and sand, stones, and metals can be removed to reduce wear of the working part of the plant equipment.

【００１５】[0015]

【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明のごみ固形燃料化プ
ラントの実施の形態を実施例によって添付図を参照にし
て以下に詳細に説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, embodiments of the solid waste fueling plant of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples.

【００１６】図１に示す実施例のごみ固形燃料化プラン
ト１では、一般可燃ごみＷ１が、ごみピット１１に搬入
され、そこからバケットクレーン１２とコンベヤ１３に
よって破砕機１４に供給される。ごみピット１１には、
可燃性粗大ごみＷ２が、回転ハンマやロータリスクリュ
ープレスクラッシャー等の粗砕機１５によって粗砕され
た破砕物Ｗ３がコンベヤ等によって搬入され、一般可燃
ごみＷ１と共に処理されるようになっている。破砕機１
４として、２軸式の刃付き回転ロータを備えたものや、
２軸式の刃付きロータリスクリュープレスクラッシャー
等が使用される。破砕機１４の構造を概略説明すると、
ホッパーの下方のケーシング内部の作業室に上から下に
噛み込むようにモータと減速機とで等速回転駆動される
２本の破砕ロータやスクリューを水平に軸承しており、
廃棄物を破砕して下方から粗いスクリーンを通して排出
するようにしている。この破砕によってプラスッチク、
木材などの可燃物を複合材製品から分離すると共に、金
属も分離して磁力選別機や非鉄選別機による選別を行い
易くしている。破砕スクリューの外周縁には、被破砕物
に対する噛み込みを促進する各種形状の突出刃を適宜設
けている。In the refuse solid fuel conversion plant 1 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, general combustible refuse W1 is carried into a refuse pit 11 and supplied from there to a crusher 14 by a bucket crane 12 and a conveyor 13. In the garbage pit 11,
The combustible bulky waste W2 is crushed by a crusher 15 such as a rotary hammer or a rotary screw press crusher, and a crushed material W3 is carried in by a conveyor or the like and treated together with the general combustible waste W1. Crusher 1
4, equipped with a two-axis rotary rotor with blades,
A two-screw rotary screw press crusher with a blade or the like is used. The structure of the crusher 14 will be outlined below.
Two crushing rotors and screws, which are driven to rotate at a constant speed by a motor and a speed reducer, are horizontally supported so as to be bitten into the work chamber inside the casing below the hopper from above.
The waste is crushed and discharged from below through a coarse screen. By this crushing, plastic
In addition to separating combustible materials such as wood from composite products, it also separates metals to facilitate sorting by magnetic separators and non-ferrous separators. The outer peripheral edge of the crushing screw is appropriately provided with projecting blades of various shapes for promoting the biting of the crushed object.

【００１７】粗砕機１５としては、廃棄物Ｗが袋や容器
等に包まれている場合は、破袋機能を持っことができ、
下方に狭くなった処理空間を形成する傾斜側板付きホッ
パーを有したケーシング内で回転駆動されるロータと、
その長手方向に複数組配列されたなぎなた状破袋刃とか
ら成るものが使用される。ロータは、なぎなた状破袋刃
間において横断した上仕切り板の中央部上で軸受で軸承
されている。上仕切り板の下には、円弧面上に固定刃の
縦通材を複数固定して粗いスクリーンを形成した下仕切
り板が設けられている。他に、粗砕機１５として、従来
からあるハンマークラッシャーやロータリスクリュープ
レスクラッシャーが家電製品や家具等の廃棄物に応じて
適宜選択使用される。スクリュークラッシャーは、二軸
式や一軸式もあり、回転テーパ状破砕スクリュー部やス
トレート破砕スクリュー部とケーシング内面の複数の長
手方向固定刃やテーパ状部とストレート部との間のリン
グ状固定刃の間で破砕を行い、粉砕を省き得る大きさま
で破砕することが出来る。The crusher 15 can have a bag breaking function when the waste W is wrapped in a bag or a container.
A rotor that is rotationally driven in a casing that has a hopper with an inclined side plate that forms a narrowed processing space below;
A blade composed of a plurality of rag-shaped bag-breaking blades arranged in the longitudinal direction is used. The rotor is supported by bearings on the central portion of the upper partition plate which is traversed between the puppet-shaped blades. Below the upper partition plate, there is provided a lower partition plate having a rough screen formed by fixing a plurality of stringers of fixed blades on an arc surface. In addition, as the crusher 15, a conventional hammer crusher or rotary screw press crusher is appropriately selected and used according to waste such as home electric appliances and furniture. There are two screw crushers and one screw crusher.The screw crusher has a rotating taper crushing screw part or a straight crushing screw part and a plurality of longitudinal fixed blades on the inner surface of the casing, or a ring-shaped fixed blade between the tapered part and the straight part. It can be crushed in between, and crushed to a size where crushing can be omitted.

【００１８】破砕機１４による約１５ｃｍ前後の破砕物
Ｗ４は、コンベヤ１６によって傾斜３種選別機２０に搬
送供給されるが、その途中で磁選機１７によって鉄等の
磁性物が除去される。選別機２０では、紙やプラスチッ
クのシートやプレートや、布や繊維屑等の可燃固形物の
多い軽量破砕物Ｗ５と、木片等の可燃固形物も混合し、
主に金属物や瓶等の転がり易い物等を含む重量破砕物Ｗ
６と、篩目を通って落下する土砂や残飯等の水分の多い
小粒物Ｗ７とに選別される。傾斜３種選別機２０の代表
的なものとして、図２に示したような傾斜型回転ロータ
選別機があり、モータ２９によって歯車２６〜２８を介
して、傾斜の下から上に向かって回転駆動される複数の
回転ロータ２１から構成されている。軸２２に交互に配
列された大径輪体２３と小径輪体２５とが軸方向に交互
に配列された複数の回転ロータ２１は、隣接ロータ同士
の大径輪体２３と小径輪体２５とで篩目用間隔Ｇを形成
するように傾斜フレーム２０ａ上に配列されている。大
径輪体２３の側面の突起２４によって篩目用間隔Ｇを調
節している。The crushed material W4 of about 15 cm by the crusher 14 is conveyed and supplied by the conveyor 16 to the inclined three-class sorter 20, while the magnetic separator 17 removes the magnetic material such as iron. In the sorter 20, a lightweight crushed material W5 containing a large amount of combustible solids such as paper and plastic sheets and plates, cloth and fiber waste, and combustible solid matter such as wood chips are also mixed.
Weight crushed material W mainly including metal objects and easily rolled objects such as bottles
6 and the small particles W7 having a large amount of water such as earth and sand and leftover rice falling through the sieve mesh. As a typical example of the inclined three-class sorter 20, there is an inclined rotary rotor sorter as shown in FIG. 2, which is rotationally driven by a motor 29 from the bottom to the top of the inclination via gears 26 to 28. It is composed of a plurality of rotating rotors 21. The plurality of rotating rotors 21 in which the large-diameter wheel bodies 23 and the small-diameter wheel bodies 25 that are alternately arranged on the shaft 22 are alternately arranged in the axial direction include the large-diameter wheel bodies 23 and the small-diameter wheel bodies 25 of adjacent rotors. Are arranged on the inclined frame 20a so as to form a screen mesh space G. The projection G on the side surface of the large-diameter wheel body 23 adjusts the sieve mesh gap G.

【００１９】別の傾斜３種選別機２０としては、図３に
示すように、傾斜型クランク駆動篩板選別機があり、モ
ータ２９によって、またチェーン２６ａとスプロケット
ホイール２７ａを介して回転駆動されるクランク機構２
８ａによって下から上に向かって破砕物Ｗ４に送りを掛
けるように揺動される複数の短冊状篩板２１ａから構成
されている。短冊状篩板２１ａ上には、送りを掛ける突
起２２ａが複数設けられている。他には、図示していな
いが、傾斜篩板型軽量物横搬送選別機が有り、傾斜篩板
上を傾斜方向とほぼ直交する横方向に、小間隔で垂らし
たチェーン等の軽量破砕物搬送体を２〜３段毎に横移動
させるものであり、上端部から供給される破砕物Ｗ４を
横から軽量破砕物Ｗ５を、下方へ重量破砕物Ｗ６を、傾
斜篩板の篩目から小粒物Ｗ７を選別する。これで、粉砕
の障害に成る残飯類の粉砕機への混入を防ぐことができ
る。As another tilt 3 type sorting machine 20, as shown in FIG. 3, there is a tilt type crank driven sieve plate sorter, which is rotationally driven by a motor 29 and also via a chain 26a and a sprocket wheel 27a. Crank mechanism 2
It is composed of a plurality of strip-shaped sieve plates 21a which are swung so as to feed the crushed material W4 from bottom to top by 8a. A plurality of projections 22a for feeding are provided on the strip-shaped sieve plate 21a. Although not shown in the figure, there is a slanting sieve plate type lightweight material lateral transport sorting machine, which transports lightweight crushed material such as chains hanging at small intervals in the lateral direction on the slanting sieve board in a direction substantially orthogonal to the slanting direction. The body is moved laterally every 2 to 3 steps, and the crushed material W4 supplied from the upper end is a lightweight crushed material W5 from the side, a heavy crushed material W6 downward, and small particles from the sieve mesh of the inclined sieve plate. Select W7. As a result, it is possible to prevent the leftover food from being mixed into the crusher, which is an obstacle to crushing.

【００２０】傾斜３種選別機２０によって選別された軽
量破砕物Ｗ５は、コンベヤ１８によって第１粉砕機３０
に搬送される。その途中で磁選機１７によって鉄等の磁
性物が除去される。粉砕機３０として、剪断作用によっ
て約２〜５ｃｍ程度に粉砕するもので、２軸式の相互の
噛合する剪断刃付き回転ロータを備えたものや、１軸式
の刃付き多盤ロータ式粉砕機が使用される。刃付き多盤
ロータ式粉砕機３０の構造を概略説明すると、ホッパー
の下方のケーシング内部の作業室において図４に示すよ
うな水平な刃付き多盤ロータ３１が設けられている。ロ
ータ３１は、螺旋溝３４で仕切られた凸状部３２の周囲
に複数の刃３３を設けている。刃３３は、固定刃に接近
して破砕物Ｗ５を粉砕し、粉砕物Ｗ８を作業室の下方の
細かいスクリーンを通して排出するようにしている。The lightly crushed material W5 selected by the inclined three-class sorter 20 is conveyed by the conveyor 18 to the first crusher 30.
Be transported to. On the way, magnetic substances such as iron are removed by the magnetic separator 17. The crusher 30 crushes to about 2 to 5 cm by a shearing action, and is equipped with a biaxial rotary rotor with a shearing blade that meshes with each other, or a single-axis multi-disc rotor crusher with a blade. Is used. The structure of the multi-disc rotor type crusher 30 with blades will be briefly described. A horizontal multi-disc rotor 31 with blades as shown in FIG. 4 is provided in the working chamber inside the casing below the hopper. The rotor 31 is provided with a plurality of blades 33 around the convex portion 32 partitioned by the spiral groove 34. The blade 33 approaches the fixed blade to crush the crushed material W5 and discharge the crushed material W8 through a fine screen below the working chamber.

【００２１】傾斜３種選別機２０によって選別された重
量破砕物Ｗ６は、コンベヤ１９によってアルミ等の非鉄
セパレータ３５に搬送される。その途中で磁選機１７に
よって鉄等の磁性物が除去される。永久磁石式ドラム回
転型非鉄セパレータ３５は、投入された非鉄ＡＬは良伝
導体で磁力線によって電磁誘導現象をおこしてうず電流
を発生し、永久磁石を備えた高速回転ドラムによって非
鉄ＡＬは強力な交流磁界を受けて非鉄内部に発生するう
ず電流と反発し合い弾き出されることになる。その場
合、非鉄ＡＬの種類によって弾き出される度合が異な
る。非鉄ＡＬの除去された重量破砕物Ｗ６は、第２粉砕
機４０にコンベヤ３６によって搬送されて約２〜５ｃｍ
程度に粉砕され、粉砕物Ｗ９となる。第２粉砕機４０と
して、上記第１粉砕機３０と同じものが使用される。粉
砕物Ｗ９は、コンベヤ４１と定量供給機４２とスクリュ
ウコンベヤ４３を経て第１風力選別機４４に供給され
る。The heavy crushed material W6 selected by the inclined three-class sorting machine 20 is conveyed by the conveyor 19 to the non-ferrous separator 35 such as aluminum. On the way, magnetic substances such as iron are removed by the magnetic separator 17. In the permanent magnet type drum rotating non-ferrous separator 35, the charged non-ferrous AL is a good conductor and generates an eddy current by causing an electromagnetic induction phenomenon by the magnetic field lines, and the high-speed rotating drum equipped with a permanent magnet causes the non-ferrous AL to generate a strong alternating current. It receives a magnetic field and repels the eddy current generated inside the non-ferrous metal and is ejected. In that case, the degree to which the non-ferrous AL is ejected differs. The weight crushed material W6 from which the non-ferrous AL has been removed is conveyed to the second crusher 40 by the conveyor 36, and the weight crushed material W6 is about 2 to 5 cm.
It is crushed to some extent and becomes a crushed product W9. As the second crusher 40, the same one as the first crusher 30 is used. The crushed material W9 is supplied to the first wind power sorter 44 via the conveyor 41, the constant quantity feeder 42, and the screw conveyor 43.

【００２２】第１風力選別機４４は、例えば図５に示す
ように、竪形のジグザグ管路４４ａの上部の供給部４４
ｂから粉砕物Ｗ９が連続的に供給され、ブロワー４４ｃ
によって下から上に空気流が流されて可燃固形粉砕物Ｗ
１０と重量不燃物とに選別する。空気流は、ジグザグ管
路４４ａの下端部に供給され、上端部からサイクロンセ
パレータ４４ｄまで可燃固形粉砕物Ｗ１０を搬送し、そ
の後にブロワー４４ｃによって吸引される。サイクロン
セパレータ４４ｄで分離された可燃固形粉砕物Ｗ１０
は、ロータリシール弁Ｖを経て定量供給機４５に供給さ
れる。重量不燃物は、ロータリシール弁Ｖを経て貯留ホ
ッパーに送られる。The first wind power sorter 44 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a supply section 44 above a vertical zigzag conduit 44a.
The crushed material W9 is continuously supplied from b, and the blower 44c
The air flow is made to flow from the bottom to the top by the combustible solid pulverized material W
10 and weight incombustibles are selected. The airflow is supplied to the lower end portion of the zigzag conduit 44a, conveys the combustible solid pulverized material W10 from the upper end portion to the cyclone separator 44d, and then is sucked by the blower 44c. Combustible solid pulverized product W10 separated by cyclone separator 44d
Is supplied to the constant quantity feeder 45 through the rotary seal valve V. The heavy non-combustible material is sent to the storage hopper via the rotary seal valve V.

【００２３】傾斜３種選別機２０によって選別された残
飯等を含む小粒物Ｗ７は、コンベヤ３７によって定量供
給機４５に供給され、上記可燃固形粉砕物Ｗ１０と統合
されて、多水分系粉砕物Ｗ１１として多水分系の第２乾
燥機４６に供給される。図６には第２乾燥機４６を示巣
が、第２乾燥機４６は、一方端部（手前側）に粉砕物Ｗ
１１の供給部４６ａ（ロータリシール弁付き）を備え且
つ他方端部（奥側）に排気を吸引する空気吸引部４６ｂ
を備えた前後に長い筒状ケーシング４６ｃと、該筒状ケ
ーシング内部において回転可能に横架軸承され、モータ
Ｍによって回転駆動される羽根付き軸４６ｄと、筒状ケ
ーシングの他方端部の底に設けられた乾燥物の排出部４
６ｅと、筒状ケーシング内に略接線方向から加熱された
空気流を供給するように該筒状ケーシングの下部におい
て上記供給口から上記空気吸引部にかけて設けられた乾
燥用熱風供給部４６ｆとから構成されており、羽根付き
軸４６ｄは、被処理物を上記供給口から上記排出部の方
に送りをかけるように個々に捩じれた多数のパドルを有
し、またケーシング内部において熱風供給部側に片寄っ
て横架軸承されている。乾燥粉砕物Ｗ１１は、排出部４
６ｅからスクリュウコンベヤとロータリシール弁を経て
排出される。熱風は、灯油を燃焼空気で燃焼させるバー
ナ４６ｈによって発生され、熱風供給部４６ｆに供給さ
れる。この第２乾燥機４６では、入口温度で３００℃前
後の熱風の供給を受け、多水分系粉砕物Ｗ１１を水分が
１０ｗ％以下に、好ましくは５ｗ％前後に成るように乾
燥する。燃えやすい軽量物を事前に分離しているので、
上記の高温熱風が供給される。The small grains W7 containing the leftover rice and the like sorted by the inclined three-sort sorter 20 are supplied to the constant quantity feeder 45 by the conveyor 37 and integrated with the combustible solid crushed product W10 to obtain the multi-moisture crushed product W11. Is supplied to the high-moisture-type second dryer 46. The second dryer 46 is shown in FIG. 6, and the second dryer 46 has a crushed material W at one end (front side).
An air suction portion 46b that includes 11 supply portions 46a (with a rotary seal valve) and that suctions exhaust gas to the other end portion (back side).
A cylindrical casing 46c that is long in the front-rear direction, a shaft 46d with blades that is rotatably laterally supported inside the cylindrical casing, and is driven to rotate by the motor M, and provided on the bottom of the other end of the cylindrical casing. Discharged part 4 of dried product
6e, and a hot air supply part 46f for drying provided from the supply port to the air suction part in the lower part of the tubular casing so as to supply the heated air flow from the tangential direction into the tubular casing. The bladed shaft 46d has a large number of paddles that are individually twisted so as to feed the object to be processed from the supply port toward the discharge part, and is offset toward the hot air supply part inside the casing. It is supported horizontally. The dry pulverized product W11 is discharged from the discharge unit 4
6e is discharged through the screw conveyor and the rotary seal valve. The hot air is generated by a burner 46h that burns kerosene with combustion air and is supplied to the hot air supply unit 46f. The second dryer 46 is supplied with hot air at an inlet temperature of about 300 ° C. to dry the multi-moisture pulverized product W11 so that the water content is 10 w% or less, preferably about 5 w%. Since the lightweight materials that are easy to burn are separated in advance,
The high temperature hot air described above is supplied.

【００２４】一方、粉砕機３０からの粉砕物Ｗ８は、気
流搬送コンベヤ３８によってサイクロンセパレータ３９
に供給され、そこでダストが分離されてから定量供給機
５０を経て第１乾燥機５１に供給される。第１乾燥機５
１も、上記第２乾燥機４６と同じ構造となっているが、
ただ比較的乾燥した軽量物を燃焼させずに乾燥させるた
めに入口温度で７０〜１１０℃の熱風の供給を受け、粉
砕物Ｗ８を水分が１０ｗ％以下に、好ましくは５ｗ％前
後に成るように乾燥する。乾燥した粉砕物Ｗ８は、コン
ベヤ５２によって造粒機用定量供給機５３に供給され
る。On the other hand, the crushed material W8 from the crusher 30 is transferred to the cyclone separator 39 by the air flow conveyor 38.
Is supplied to the first dryer 51 through the constant quantity feeder 50 after the dust is separated therein. First dryer 5
1 also has the same structure as the second dryer 46,
However, in order to dry a relatively dry lightweight material without burning it, the crushed material W8 is supplied with hot air at an inlet temperature of 70 to 110 ° C. so that the water content of the crushed material W8 is 10 w% or less, preferably about 5 w%. dry. The dried pulverized material W8 is supplied to the granulator constant-quantity feeder 53 by the conveyor 52.

【００２５】他方、第２乾燥機４６からの乾燥した粉砕
物Ｗ１１は、コンベヤ４７ａと定量供給機４７ｂとスク
リュウコンベヤ４７ｃを経て第２風力選別機４８に供給
される。第２風力選別機４８も、第１風力選別機４４と
同じ構造になっている。分離された重量不燃物は、ロー
タリシール弁Ｖを経て貯留ホッパーに送られる。空気流
で搬送された可燃粉砕物Ｗ１０は、第２風力選別機４８
に接続したサイクロンセパレータ４９で分離され、ロー
タリシール弁Ｖを経て造粒機用定量供給機５３に供給さ
れる。造粒機用定量供給機５３には、他に上記乾燥粉砕
物Ｗ８と、第１及び第２の乾燥機４６、５１のサイクロ
ンセパレータ４６ｇ、５１ｇからのダストも供給され
る。On the other hand, the dried pulverized product W11 from the second dryer 46 is supplied to the second wind sorter 48 via the conveyor 47a, the constant quantity feeder 47b and the screw conveyor 47c. The second wind power sorter 48 also has the same structure as the first wind power sorter 44. The separated heavy non-combustible material is sent to the storage hopper via the rotary seal valve V. The combustible pulverized product W10 conveyed by the air flow is transferred to the second wind power sorter 48.
It is separated by a cyclone separator 49 connected to and is supplied to a granulator constant-quantity feeder 53 via a rotary seal valve V. In addition to the above-mentioned dried and pulverized product W8, the dusts from the cyclone separators 46g and 51g of the first and second dryers 46 and 51 are also supplied to the constant quantity feeder 53 for the granulator.

【００２６】造粒機用定量供給機５３からは、可燃性の
粉砕物Ｗ８、Ｗ１１やダストが統合されて可燃性の粉砕
物Ｗ１２として造粒機用固形化装置５５に脱水や塩素ガ
ス等のガス吸収用の消石灰と共に供給される。固形化装
置５５では、粉砕物Ｗ１２を圧縮して固形燃料に固形化
する。固形化装置５５としては、図８に示されているペ
レットミルや図７に示されている造粒機や図示は無いが
押し出し式エキストルーダ等がある。固形燃料や油化原
料、高炉還元材、コークス炉燃料に利用可能である。Combustible comminuted materials W8 and W11 and dust are integrated from the granulator constant-quantity feeder 53 into a combustible comminuted material W12, which is fed to the granulator solidifying device 55 such as dehydration and chlorine gas. Supplied with slaked lime for gas absorption. In the solidification device 55, the pulverized material W12 is compressed and solidified into solid fuel. As the solidification device 55, there is a pellet mill shown in FIG. 8, a granulator shown in FIG. 7, an extrusion type extruder or the like (not shown). It can be used as a solid fuel, oil feedstock, blast furnace reducing material, and coke oven fuel.

【００２７】図８に示すペレットミル５５は、横置き状
態で回転可能に支持されて回転駆動される水平回転円筒
体５５ａのリング内に開口から可燃性の粉砕物Ｗ８、Ｗ
１１が供給される。リング内では、その内面に圧接され
た２個の押し込みローラの転動輪５５ｂが矢印に転動さ
れ、それらの回転方向後側空間に混合物が集められ、転
動輪５５ｂによって圧縮されて、リングの周囲壁を成す
ダイの、例えば直径５ｍｍの多数のダイ孔５５ｃから圧
密化され押し出される。固形化物は、回転円筒体の外面
から５〜７ｍｍ程押し出されたところで、リングの外側
に設けられたカッターブレード５５ｄによって切断され
て、粒状固形物Ａが得られる。転動輪５５ｂの外周面に
は、細片の取り込みスリップを防いで取り込みを容易に
する為に多数の溝が形成されている。The pellet mill 55 shown in FIG. 8 has combustible pulverized materials W8, W from its opening in the ring of a horizontal rotary cylindrical body 55a which is rotatably supported and rotatably driven in a horizontal position.
11 is supplied. In the ring, the rolling wheels 55b of the two pushing rollers pressed against the inner surface of the ring are rolled in the direction of the arrow, and the mixture is collected in the space on the rear side in the direction of rotation of the rolling rollers 55b and compressed by the rolling wheels 55b to surround the ring. The die forming the wall is compacted and extruded from a large number of die holes 55c having a diameter of 5 mm, for example. The solidified product is extruded by about 5 to 7 mm from the outer surface of the rotary cylinder, and is cut by the cutter blade 55d provided outside the ring to obtain the particulate solid A. A large number of grooves are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rolling wheel 55b in order to prevent slipping of the strip and facilitate the loading.

【００２８】図７に示す造粒機５５について概略説明す
ると、一端部の投入口５５ｅから投入された粉砕物Ｗ
８、Ｗ１１を他端部の取り出し口５５ｆに至る長手方向
にかけて搬送しながら破砕、混練、圧縮及び粉砕を行
い、摩擦や圧縮の発熱で温度を上げ、プラスチックをバ
インダーとして溶融するもので、細長ケーシング５５ｇ
内の長手方向に並設され対向方向に回転駆動される一対
の回転軸５５ｓの各々に取り付けられた螺旋体５５ｈ及
び圧搾体５５ｉと、これらに対して所定の隙間をとって
ケーシング内に取り外し可能に付設された耐摩耗性内張
体５５ｊと、取り出し口の固形化用ノズル付き多孔板５
５ｋとから構成されている。圧搾体５５ｉは、特に粉砕
と溶解を促進する臼状圧搾部を構成している。造粒機５
５によって造られた固形燃料Ａは、クーラ６０において
冷却され、サイロ６１に保管されて、適宜トラック６２
でバラ積載で出荷されたり、フレコン６３に詰められて
出荷される。造粒機５５の清掃時に出るダストと、クー
ラ６０から出る崩れ破片や粉体は、再度サイクロンセパ
レータに吸引されて回収され、造粒機用定量供給機５３
に供給される。The granulator 55 shown in FIG. 7 will be briefly described. The pulverized product W charged from the charging port 55e at one end.
8 and W11 are crushed, kneaded, compressed and crushed while being conveyed in the longitudinal direction up to the outlet 55f at the other end, and the temperature is raised by heat generated by friction and compression to melt the plastic as a binder. 55 g
The spiral body 55h and the pressing body 55i attached to each of the pair of rotating shafts 55s arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction and driven to rotate in the opposite direction, and the spiral body 55h and the pressing body 55i can be removed in the casing with a predetermined gap therebetween. Attached abrasion-resistant lining body 55j, and perforated plate 5 with a nozzle for solidifying the take-out port
It is composed of 5k. The pressing body 55i constitutes a mortar-like pressing section that particularly promotes crushing and dissolution. Granulator 5
The solid fuel A produced by No. 5 is cooled in the cooler 60, stored in the silo 61, and appropriately stored in the truck 62.
Are shipped in bulk or packed in the flexible container 63 and shipped. The dust generated during cleaning of the granulator 55 and the broken pieces and powder discharged from the cooler 60 are again sucked and collected by the cyclone separator, and the fixed quantity feeder 53 for granulator 53 is used.
Is supplied to.

【００２９】第１及び第２の乾燥機４６、５１からの排
気ガスは、乾燥機排気ガス用サイクロンセパレータ４６
ｇ、５１ｇに供給される。それらサイクロンセパレータ
で分離されたダストは、上記造粒機用定量供給機５３に
供給され、排気は第１熱交換器７１に供給される。第１
熱交換器７１は、排気用の１次通路７１ａと、該１次通
路を通過後の該排気が脱臭炉７２で灯油が付加されて燃
焼して発生する燃焼ガスが通過する該燃焼ガス用の２次
通路７１ｂとを有する。第１熱交換器７１の２次通路７
１ｂを通過後の燃焼ガスは、次の第２熱交換器７３の１
次通路７３ａに供給され、２次通路７３ｂを通る乾燥機
用空気を加熱する。乾燥機用空気には、結果的に乾燥機
４６、５１の排気熱と、脱臭炉７２の燃焼ガスの熱が熱
交換器７１、７３によって付加されて、第１及び第２の
乾燥機４６、５１のバーナ４６ｈ、５１ｈの灯油燃焼に
使用される。第２熱交換器７３の２次通路７３ｂを通過
する乾燥用空気は、上記ごみピット１１や、生ごみ収集
部等から吸引され供給される臭気空気を含んでおり、該
第２熱交換器７３の１次通路７３ａに供給され通過した
燃焼ガスは、集塵機７４と触媒塔７５を通過後に大気に
放出される。Exhaust gas from the first and second dryers 46 and 51 is a cyclone separator 46 for dryer exhaust gas.
g, 51 g. The dust separated by the cyclone separator is supplied to the granulator constant-quantity feeder 53, and the exhaust gas is supplied to the first heat exchanger 71. First
The heat exchanger 71 includes a primary passage 71a for exhaust gas, and a combustion gas for combustion gas generated by burning the exhaust gas after passing through the primary passage with kerosene added in the deodorizing furnace 72. It has a secondary passage 71b. Secondary passage 7 of the first heat exchanger 71
The combustion gas that has passed through 1b is discharged to the next 1 of the second heat exchanger 73.
The dryer air supplied to the next passage 73a and passing through the secondary passage 73b is heated. As a result, the exhaust heat of the dryers 46 and 51 and the heat of the combustion gas of the deodorizing furnace 72 are added to the dryer air by the heat exchangers 71 and 73, and the first and second dryers 46, It is used to burn kerosene for 51 burners 46h and 51h. The drying air passing through the secondary passage 73b of the second heat exchanger 73 includes the odorous air sucked and supplied from the dust pit 11, the food waste collecting unit, and the like, and the second heat exchanger 73 The combustion gas supplied to and passed through the primary passage 73a is discharged to the atmosphere after passing through the dust collector 74 and the catalyst tower 75.

【００３０】[0030]

【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかのように、本発明
のごみ固形燃料化プラントは、可燃固形物を含むごみを
破砕する破砕機と、傾斜３種選別機とを含むので、一般
可燃ごみや可燃性粗大ごみを破砕機によって破砕して破
砕片として、それらから、傾斜３種選別機によってプラ
スチックや紙等の可燃軽量物と、家具や電化製品等の可
燃重量物と、水分の含有量の多い流動小粒物とに分け
て、乾燥の差別化を図ることちができる。そして、第１
乾燥機によって軽量物を、低い温度の熱風で乾燥し、第
２乾燥機によって重量物や多水分小粒物を高い温度の熱
風で乾燥し、ダイオキシンの発生の無い良好な効率的な
乾燥を行うことができ、次いで、固形化装置によって良
質な固形燃料を得ることができる。As is apparent from the above description, since the refuse solid fuel conversion plant of the present invention includes a crusher for crushing refuse containing combustible solids and an inclined three-class sorter, general combustible waste Or combustible bulky waste is crushed by a crusher as crushed pieces, and from them, combustible lightweight materials such as plastic and paper, combustible heavy materials such as furniture and electrical appliances, and water content by a graded 3 sorter Differentiated drying can be achieved by dividing it into liquid small particles with a large amount. And the first
Drying lightweight materials with low-temperature hot air using a dryer, and drying heavy materials and high-moisture small particles with high-temperature hot air using a second dryer, and perform good and efficient drying without dioxin generation. Then, a solidification device can obtain a good quality solid fuel.

【００３１】 上記破砕機は、一般可燃ごみ用の破砕機
と可燃粗大ごみを破砕する粗大ごみ粗砕機と、から構成
すれば、ごみの差別化が容易であり、その破砕用途・機
能ごとに最適性能の破砕機を選択して、効率的な破砕を
行うことができる。粗大ごみを破砕後に、一般可燃ごみ
に統合すれば、処理ラインを簡素化して処理機器の設置
数を合理化できる。粉砕機は、軽量破砕物を粉砕する第
１粉砕機と、上記重量破砕物用の第２の粉砕機とを含む
ようにすれば、粉砕機による粉砕を行って破片を小さく
することができ、可燃物分離を促進できる。If the above crusher is composed of a crusher for general combustible waste and a coarse waste crusher for crushing combustible bulky waste, it is easy to differentiate waste and is optimal for each crushing application and function. A crusher with a high performance can be selected for efficient crushing. If large waste is crushed and then integrated into general combustible waste, the processing line can be simplified and the number of processing equipment installed can be rationalized. If the crusher includes a first crusher for crushing a lightweight crushed material and a second crusher for the above-mentioned heavy crushed material, crushing by the crusher can be performed to reduce debris, Combustibles separation can be promoted.

【００３２】上記第１及び第２の乾燥機からの排気ガス
は、該サイクロンセパレータでダストと排気に分離すれ
ば、可燃ダストをサイクロンセパレータで回収して燃料
固形物に利用すると共に、ガスを清浄化でき、さらに乾
燥機からの排気ガス熱を熱交換器において乾燥機への供
給空気の予熱に利用でき、熱効率を高めることが可能に
なる。If the exhaust gas from the first and second dryers is separated into dust and exhaust by the cyclone separator, combustible dust is collected by the cyclone separator and used as fuel solids, and the gas is cleaned. In addition, the heat of the exhaust gas from the dryer can be used for preheating the air supplied to the dryer in the heat exchanger, and the thermal efficiency can be improved.

【００３３】上記熱交換器は、１次通路を通過後の該排
気が脱臭炉で燃料が付加されて燃焼して発生する燃焼ガ
スが通過する該燃焼ガス用の２次通路を設ければ、乾燥
機で発生する臭気を脱臭でき、脱臭後の燃焼ガスによっ
て熱交換器において乾燥機への供給空気の予熱を行うこ
とができる。The heat exchanger is provided with a secondary passage for the combustion gas through which the combustion gas generated by burning the exhaust gas after passing through the primary passage in the deodorizing furnace is added, The odor generated in the dryer can be deodorized, and the combustion gas after the deodorization can preheat the air supplied to the dryer in the heat exchanger.

【００３４】上記熱交換器の上記２次通路を通過後の上
記燃焼ガスは、次の副熱交換器の１次通路に供給され、
２次通路を通る上記乾燥機に供給される乾燥用空気を加
熱すれば、乾燥機からの排気ガスを燃焼脱臭処理して比
較的高温になった燃焼ガスによって副熱交換器において
乾燥機への供給空気の予熱を行い、熱効率を高めること
ができる。The combustion gas after passing through the secondary passage of the heat exchanger is supplied to the primary passage of the next auxiliary heat exchanger,
If the drying air supplied to the dryer passing through the secondary passage is heated, the exhaust gas from the dryer is burnt and deodorized to generate a relatively high temperature combustion gas, and the auxiliary heat exchanger transfers the dried air to the dryer. The supply air can be preheated to improve the thermal efficiency.

【００３５】ごみピットや、生ごみ収集部等から吸引さ
れ供給される臭気空気を、上記副熱交換器の上記１次通
路に供給するようにすれば、通過した上記燃焼ガスは、
集塵機と触媒塔を通過後に大気に放出することができ、
本プラントに係わるごみピットや、生ごみ収集部等から
発生する臭気を脱臭炉で燃焼処理することで脱臭し、ま
たさらに副熱交換器の１次通路に供給され通過した上記
燃焼ガスは、集塵機と触媒塔で処理されてから大気に放
出されるので臭気公害や粉塵公害を抑制できる。When the odorous air sucked and supplied from the garbage pit, the garbage collecting portion, etc. is supplied to the primary passage of the sub heat exchanger, the combustion gas passing through
After passing through the dust collector and catalyst tower, it can be released to the atmosphere,
The odor generated from the garbage pits related to this plant and the garbage collection part is deodorized by burning it in a deodorizing furnace, and the combustion gas supplied to the primary passage of the auxiliary heat exchanger and passed through is a dust collector. Since it is treated in the catalyst tower and then released into the atmosphere, odor pollution and dust pollution can be suppressed.

【００３６】上記傾斜３種選別機は、破砕後のごみ対し
て、例えば家庭ごみ等一般ごみに対しては傾斜型回転ロ
ータ選別機を、廃建材が多いごみに対しては傾斜型クラ
ンク駆動篩板選別機を、衣類等繊維製品を多く含むごみ
に対しては傾斜篩板型軽量物横搬送選別機を、粒状物が
多い場合はトロンメル選別機を適宜選択できると共に、
硬質物の除去を促進して後続機器の摩耗を予防できる。The inclined three-class sorter is an inclined rotary rotor sorter for general waste such as household waste, and an inclined crank drive sieve for waste that contains a large amount of waste building materials, for the refuse after crushing. A plate sorter, a slanted sieve plate type lightweight material lateral transport sorter for dust containing a lot of textile products such as clothing, and a trommel sorter can be selected as appropriate when there are many particulates,
The removal of hard materials can be promoted to prevent wear of subsequent equipment.

【００３７】上記固形化装置は、リングダイ式ペレット
ミル造粒機か、又はエキストルーダ固形物成形機か、又
は螺旋体押し出し成形機から構成され、固形燃料の利用
形態に応じて成形機を変えて小粒状態から棒状まで成形
できる。The solidification device is composed of a ring die pellet mill granulator, an extruder solid molding machine, or a spiral extrusion molding machine. The molding machine is changed according to the usage form of the solid fuel. It can be molded from a state to a rod shape.

【００３８】上記可燃固形物を含むごみは、一般可燃ご
みと、可燃粗大ごみとを有し、上記一般可燃ごみは、上
記破砕機で破砕され、破砕片は磁選機で鉄くずを除去後
に上記傾斜３種選別機によって可燃固形物の多い軽量破
砕物と、可燃固形物も混合し、主に金属物や瓶等の転が
り易い物等を含む重量破砕物と、土砂や残飯等の小粒物
とに選別され、上記軽量破砕物は、第１粉砕機によって
粉砕されてから上記第１乾燥機において比較的低い温度
の熱風によって水分１０ｗ％以下に乾燥されて固形化装
置用定量供給機に送られ、上記重量破砕物は、上記可燃
粗大ごみの破砕片と共に第２粉砕機によって粉砕されて
から第１風力選別機よって可燃物を選別して、可燃物
は、上記小粒物と共に第２乾燥機において上記第１乾燥
機の熱風よりも高温の熱風によって水分１０ｗ％以下に
乾燥され、第２風力選別機によって土砂と可燃物とに選
別され、可燃物は上記固形化装置用定量供給機に送ら
れ、上記可燃粗大ごみは、粗大ごみ粗砕機で破砕され、
破砕片は磁選機で鉄くずを除去後に上記一般可燃ごみと
共に上記破砕機によって破砕される。比較的識別し易い
一般可燃ごみと、可燃粗大ごみとに分けて収集して、可
燃粗大ごみを一度破砕してから一般可燃ごみに統合する
ことにより、破砕負荷を軽減でき、また磁選機で鉄くず
を回収できる。破砕物は、傾斜作動３種選別機によって
重量破砕物と軽量破砕物と小粒物とに分類して、乾燥物
の多い軽量破砕物を第１粉砕機によって粉砕後に第１乾
燥機において比較的低い温度で燃焼させずに乾燥でき
る。比較的高温に耐える重量破砕物の粉砕物と水分の多
い小粒物とを第２乾燥機において高温の熱風によって乾
燥し、その乾燥後に第２風力選別機によって土砂と重量
破砕物とに選別される。土砂や鉄くずの無い乾燥軽量破
砕物及び乾燥重量破砕物は、各々固形化装置用定量供給
機を経て固形化装置に供給される。その間に、硬い土砂
や石、金属を除去してプラント機器の作動部の摩耗も低
減できる。The trash containing the combustible solids includes general combustible trash and combustible bulky trash. The general combustible trash is crushed by the crusher, and the crushed pieces are removed by a magnetic separator to remove iron scraps. Lightweight crushed material with a large amount of combustible solids and combustible solids are mixed by a grade 3 grader, and heavy crushed materials mainly containing metal, bottles and other easily rolled materials, and small particles such as earth and sand and leftover food. The light-weight crushed material is pulverized by the first pulverizer and then dried in the first dryer by hot air having a relatively low temperature to have a water content of 10 w% or less and sent to the quantitative feeder for the solidification device. The heavy crushed material is crushed by the second crusher together with the crushed pieces of the combustible bulky waste, and then the combustible material is sorted by the first wind power sorter, and the combustible material is sorted by the second dryer with the small granules. Higher temperature than the hot air of the first dryer It is dried to a water content of 10 w% or less by hot air, sorted by the second wind sorter into earth and sand and combustible material, and the combustible material is sent to the quantitative feeder for the solidification device, and the combustible bulky waste is a bulky waste crusher. Crushed in
The crushed pieces are crushed by the crusher together with the general combustible waste after removing iron scraps by the magnetic separator. The combustible bulky waste can be divided into general combustible waste and relatively large combustible waste that are relatively easy to identify, and the combustible bulky waste can be crushed once and then integrated into general combustible waste to reduce the crushing load. Can collect scraps. The crushed material is classified into a heavy crushed material, a light crushed material and a small sized material by an inclined operation type 3 sorter, and the light crushed material with a large amount of dry matter is relatively low in the first dryer after crushed by the first crusher. Can be dried without burning at temperature. The crushed product of heavy crushed material that can withstand relatively high temperature and the small particles with high water content are dried by hot air at high temperature in the second dryer, and after the drying, the sand and heavy crushed material are sorted by the second wind sorter. . The dry lightweight crushed material and the dry weight crushed material free of earth and sand and iron shavings are supplied to the solidification device through the quantitative supply device for the solidification device. In the meantime, hard earth and sand, stones, and metals can be removed to reduce wear of the working part of the plant equipment.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】 本発明の一実施例に係るごみ固形燃料化プラ
ントの作業工程を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing working steps of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】 ごみ固形燃料化プラントの作業工程において
使用される傾斜３種選別機の傾斜型回転ロータ選別機の
平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view of a tilt type rotary rotor sorter of a grade 3 sorter used in a working process of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant.

【図３】 ごみ固形燃料化プラントの作業工程において
使用される別の傾斜３種選別機の傾斜型クランク駆動篩
板選別機の斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another tilting type crank driven sieve plate sorter of another tilting type 3 sorter used in a working process of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant.

【図４】 ごみ固形燃料化プラントの作業工程において
使用される粉砕機のロータの斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a rotor of a crusher used in a work process of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant.

【図５】 ごみ固形燃料化プラントの作業工程において
使用される風力選別機の概略説明図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view of a wind power sorter used in a work process of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant.

【図６】 ごみ固形燃料化プラントの作業工程において
使用される乾燥機の端面図である。FIG. 6 is an end view of a dryer used in a work process of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant.

【図７】 ごみ固形燃料化プラントの作業工程で使用さ
れる固形化装置の一部切り欠き平面図である。FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway plan view of a solidification device used in a working process of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant.

【図８】 ごみ固形燃料化プラントの作業工程で使用さ
れる別の固形化装置の説明斜視図である。FIG. 8 is an explanatory perspective view of another solidification device used in a work process of a refuse solid fuel conversion plant.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ ごみ固形燃料化プラント １１ ごみピット １４ 破砕機 １５ 粗大ごみ粗砕機 １７ 磁選機 ２０ 傾斜３種選別機 ３０ 第１粉砕機 ４０ 第２粉砕機 ４４ 風力選別機（第１風力選別機） ４６ 第２乾燥機 ４６ｇ第２乾燥機排気ガス用サイクロンセパレータ ４８ 第２風力選別機 ５１ｇ第１乾燥機排気ガス用サイクロンセパレータ ５１ 第１乾燥機 ５３ 固形化装置用定量供給機 ５５ 固形化装置 ７１ 熱交換器 ７１ａ排気用１次通路 ７１ｂ燃焼ガス用２次通路 ７２ 脱臭炉 ７３ 副熱交換器 ７３ａ副熱交換器の１次通路 ７３ｂ副熱交換器の２次通路 ７４ 集塵機 ７５ 触媒塔 Ｗ１ 一般可燃ごみ Ｗ２ 可燃粗大ごみ Ｗ３ 粗大ごみ破砕機による破砕物 Ｗ５ 軽量破砕物 Ｗ６ 重量破砕物 Ｗ７ 小粒物 Ｗ８ 軽量破砕物（粉砕物） Ｗ１１可燃固形粉砕物 1 Waste solid fuel conversion plant 11 garbage pits 14 crusher 15 Oversized garbage crusher 17 Magnetic Separator 20 inclined 3 sorters 30 First crusher 40 Second crusher 44 Wind power sorter (first wind power sorter) 46 Second dryer 46g Second dryer exhaust gas cyclone separator 48 Second Wind Sorter 51g 1st dryer exhaust gas cyclone separator 51 First dryer 53 Fixed amount feeder for solidification equipment 55 Solidifying device 71 heat exchanger 71a primary passage for exhaust 71b Combustion gas secondary passage 72 Deodorizing furnace 73 Secondary heat exchanger 73a Primary passage of sub heat exchanger 73b Secondary heat exchanger secondary passage 74 dust collector 75 catalyst tower W1 general combustible waste W2 combustible bulky garbage W3 crushed material by bulk crusher W5 lightweight crushed material W6 crushed material W7 small grain W8 Light crushed material (crushed material) W11 combustible solid pulverized product

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｂ０３Ｃ 1/23 Ｂ０７Ｂ 1/30 Ｂ０７Ｂ 1/15 4/02 1/30 9/00 Ａ 4/02 13/11 Ｅ 9/00 Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 ３０１Ｐ 13/11 Ｃ１０Ｌ 5/46 ＺＡＢ Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 Ｂ０９Ｂ 5/00 Ｌ ３０１ Ｂ０３Ｃ 1/24 Ａ ＺＡＢ Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 ＺＡＢＺ Ｃ１０Ｌ 5/46 ＺＡＢ ３０３Ｂ (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B09B 3/00,5/00 C10L 5/46 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI B03C 1/23 B07B 1/30 B07B 1/15 4/02 1/30 9/00 A 4/02 13/11 E 9/00 B09B 3/00 301P 13/11 C10L 5/46 ZAB B09B 3/00 B09B 5/00 L 301 B03C 1/24 A ZAB B09B 3/00 ZABZ C10L 5/46 ZAB 303B (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl . 7 , DB name) B09B 3 / 00,5 / 00 C10L 5/46

Claims (9)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項１】 ごみピットに供給される一般可燃ごみと
これとは分別収集される可燃粗大ごみとを有する可燃固
形物を含むごみを破砕する破砕機と、 破砕物を可燃固形物の多い軽量破砕物と、可燃固形物も
混合し少なくとも金属物又は瓶の転がり易い物を含む重
量破砕物と、少なくとも土砂とガラスと水分を多く含ん
だ残飯を含む小粒物と、に選別する傾斜３種選別機と、 上記重量破砕物を粉砕機で粉砕した後に比較的軽い可燃
固形粉砕物と比較的重い不燃固形粉砕物とに選別する選
別機又は篩機と、 上記可燃固形物の多い軽量破砕物を比較的温度の低い熱
風によって水分１０ｗ％以下に乾燥する第１乾燥機と、 上記可燃固形粉砕物と上記小粒物を上記第１乾燥機の熱
風よりも高温の熱風によって水分が１０ｗ％以下に乾燥
する第２乾燥機と、 各々乾燥された上記軽量破砕物と上記可燃固形粉砕物と
上記小粒物とを圧縮して固形燃料に固形化するための固
形化装置とから成るごみ固形燃料化プラントにおいて、 上記破砕機が、少なくともごみピットから供給される上
記一般可燃ごみを破砕する破砕機と、上記可燃粗大ごみ
を破砕する粗大ごみ粗砕機と、から成り、上記可燃粗大
ごみが上記粗大ごみ破砕機によって破砕されて生じる破
砕物が上記ごみピットに供給される ことを特徴とするご
み固形燃料化プラント。1. General combustible waste supplied to the waste pit
This and a crusher for crushing the waste containing combustible solid and a combustible bulky waste collected fractionation, and weight crushed busy crushed combustible solids, at least a metal compound or bottle flammable solids also mixed and weight crushed material, including those prone rolling, and the inclined three sorter for sorting the small object, the containing laden swill at least sand and glass and water, compared after grinding the above weight crushed with a pulverizer A screener or a sieve for sorting into a relatively light combustible solid pulverized product and a relatively heavy non-combustible solid pulverized product, and drying the light crushed product having a large amount of combustible solid to a water content of 10 w% or less by hot air having a relatively low temperature. 1 dryer, a second dryer for drying the combustible solid pulverized material and the small particles to a water content of 10 w% or less by hot air having a temperature higher than the hot air of the first dryer, and the dried lightweight crushed material And the above combustible solid powder In dust solid fuel plant comprising a solidification apparatus for solidifying the solid fuel by compressing the objects and the small product, on the breaker, which is supplied from at least refuse pit
A crusher for crushing general combustible waste and the above combustible bulky waste
It consists of a coarse garbage crusher that crushes the
The crushed waste generated by the above-mentioned oversized crusher
Waste solid fuel conversion plant, characterized in that crushed material is supplied to the above-mentioned waste pit . 【請求項２】 上記粉砕機が、さらに、該傾斜３種選別
機からの軽量破砕物を粉砕する第１粉砕機を含む請求項
１記載のごみ固形燃料化プラント。2. The crusher further selects the inclined three kinds.
The refuse solid fuel conversion plant according to claim 1 , further comprising a first crusher for crushing lightweight crushed material from the crusher . 【請求項３】 上記第１及び第２の乾燥機からの排気ガ
スが、乾燥機排気ガス用サイクロンセパレータに供給さ
れて、該サイクロンセパレータで分離されたダストが、
上記固形化装置に供給され且つ排気が、熱交換器に供給
される請求項１記載のプラント。3. The exhaust gas from the first and second dryers is supplied to a cyclone separator for a dryer exhaust gas, and the dust separated by the cyclone separator,
The plant according to claim 1, wherein the solidification device and the exhaust gas are supplied to a heat exchanger. 【請求項４】 上記熱交換器は、上記排気用の１次通路
と、該１次通路を通過後の該排気が脱臭炉で燃料が付加
されて燃焼して発生する燃焼ガスが通過する該燃焼ガス
用の２次通路とを有する請求項３記載のプラント。4. The heat exchanger passes through a primary passage for the exhaust gas, and a combustion gas generated when the exhaust gas after passing through the primary passage is burned with fuel added in a deodorizing furnace. The plant according to claim 3, having a secondary passage for combustion gas. 【請求項５】 上記熱交換器の上記２次通路を通過後の
上記燃焼ガスは、次の副熱交換器の１次通路に供給さ
れ、２次通路を通る上記乾燥機に供給される乾燥用空気
を加熱する請求項４記載のプラント。5. The drying process in which the combustion gas after passing through the secondary passage of the heat exchanger is supplied to the primary passage of the next auxiliary heat exchanger and is supplied to the dryer passing through the secondary passage. The plant according to claim 4, wherein the plant air is heated. 【請求項６】 上記副熱交換器の上記２次通路を通過す
る乾燥用空気が、上記ごみピット又は生ごみ収集部から
吸引され供給される臭気空気であり、上記副熱交換器の
上記１次通路に供給され通過した上記燃焼ガスが集塵機
と触媒塔を通過後に大気に放出される請求項５記載のプ
ラント。6. The drying air passing through the secondary passage of the auxiliary heat exchanger, a odor air supplied is sucked above garbage pits or garbage collection unit or, et al., Above the auxiliary heat exchanger The plant according to claim 5, wherein the combustion gas supplied to and passed through the primary passage is discharged to the atmosphere after passing through the dust collector and the catalyst tower. 【請求項７】 上記傾斜３種選別機が、 各回転軸に複数の円盤を隔設してなる各ロータを前後隣
接するもの同士が円盤を互いに入り組ませて篩隙間を形
成するように傾斜平面状に互いに平行に配列され、下か
ら上へ送りをかけるように回転駆動される傾斜型回転ロ
ータ選別機、 傾斜した複数の短冊状篩板をクランク機構で下から上へ
送りをかけるように駆動される傾斜型クランク駆動篩板
選別機、又は 傾斜篩板上を傾斜方向とほぼ直交する方向に、小間隔で
垂らしたチェーン等の軽量破砕物搬送体を２〜３段毎に
横移動させる傾斜篩板型軽量物横搬送選別機、から構成
されている請求項１記載のプラント。7. The inclined three-class sorter is inclined so that rotors each having a plurality of disks spaced from each other on a rotary shaft and adjoining each other in the front and rear of the rotor interlock the disks to form a sieve gap. Tilt-type rotary rotor sorter, which is arranged parallel to each other in a plane and is driven to rotate from bottom to top, so that a plurality of tilted strip-shaped sieve plates can be fed from bottom to top by a crank mechanism. A driven slant type crank driven sieve plate sorter or a lightweight crushed material carrier such as a chain hung on the inclined sieve plate at a small interval in a direction substantially orthogonal to the slanting direction is laterally moved every 2 to 3 steps. inclined sieve plate type light thereof transverse conveyor sorting machine, the plant according to claim 1, wherein is composed of. 【請求項８】 上記固形化装置は、リングダイ式ペレッ
トミル造粒機、エキストルーダ固形物成形機、又は螺旋
体押し出し成形機から構成されている請求項１記載のプ
ラント。8. The plant according to claim 1, wherein the solidification device comprises a ring die pellet mill granulator, an extruder solid material molding machine, or a spiral extrusion molding machine. 【請求項９】上記 一般可燃ごみは、上記破砕機で破砕され、破砕片は
磁選機で鉄くずを除去後に上記傾斜３種選別機によって
可燃固形物の多い軽量破砕物と、可燃固形物も混合し、
主に金属物や瓶等の転がり易い物等を含む重量破砕物
と、土砂や残飯等の小粒物とに選別され、 上記軽量破砕物は、第１粉砕機によって粉砕されてから
上記第１乾燥機において比較的温度の低い熱風によって
水分が１０ｗ％以下に成るように乾燥されて固形化装置
用定量供給機に送られ、 上記重量破砕物は、上記可燃粗大ごみの破砕片と共に第
２粉砕機によって粉砕されてから第１風力選別機によっ
て可燃物を選別して、可燃物は、上記小粒物と共に第２
乾燥機において上記第１乾燥機の熱風よりも高温の熱風
によって水分が１０ｗ％以下に成るように乾燥され、第
２風力選別機によって土砂と可燃物とに選別され、可燃
物は上記固形化装置用定量供給機に送られ、 上記可燃粗大ごみは、粗大ごみ粗砕機で破砕され、破砕
片は磁選機で鉄くずを除去後に上記一般可燃ごみと共に
上記破砕機によって破砕される請求項１記載のプラン
ト。9. The general combustible waste is crushed by the crusher, and the crushed pieces are subjected to removal of iron scraps by a magnetic separator, and then the inclined three-class sorter sorts a lightweight crushed product having a large amount of combustible solids and combustible solids. Mix and
Mainly sorted into heavy-duty crushed products containing easily rollable objects such as metal objects and bottles, and small-sized crushed objects such as earth and sand and leftover food. The light-weight crushed objects are crushed by a first crusher and then the first drying. In the machine, it is dried by hot air having a relatively low temperature so that the water content becomes 10 w% or less and sent to the quantitative feeder for the solidification device. The heavy crushed material is the second crusher together with the crushed pieces of the combustible bulky waste. The combustibles are crushed by the first wind sorter, and the combustibles are separated by the second small particles together with the second combustibles.
In the dryer, it is dried with hot air having a temperature higher than that of the hot air of the first dryer so that the water content is 10 w% or less, and is sorted into earth and sand and combustible matter by the second wind classifier, and the combustible matter is the solidification device. 2. The combustible bulky trash is crushed by a bulky crusher and the crushed pieces are crushed by the crusher together with the general combustible trash after removing iron scraps by a magnetic separator. plant.
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