CN206794333U - House refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion - Google Patents
House refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206794333U CN206794333U CN201720074289.0U CN201720074289U CN206794333U CN 206794333 U CN206794333 U CN 206794333U CN 201720074289 U CN201720074289 U CN 201720074289U CN 206794333 U CN206794333 U CN 206794333U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- extrusion
- garbage
- primary
- belt conveyor
- dry
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 269
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010849 combustible waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 gravels Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/58—Construction or demolition [C&D] waste
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion, the system is formed by connecting by garbage grab bucket, feed bin, chain mat machine, the first belt conveyor, bag breaking screening machine, the second belt conveyor, the 3rd belt conveyor, feed surge storehouse, high-pressure extrusion machine, the 4th belt conveyor, dry refuse classification subsystem and conveying worm.House refuse is subjected to sorting process after broken bag screening process and high-pressure extrusion separating dry space from moist space again, is finally plastic garbage, metal garbage, building waste, combustiblerefuse and the major class of organic waste five by refuse classification；High-pressure extrusion equipment possesses superpower extruding force, goes for the separating dry space from moist space of the house refuse without break process, while employs a kind of with the particular organization that crush stroke is short, extrusion process is compact, operational efficiency is high.The utility model rubbish pretreating effect is good, and the rubbish quality sub-elected is higher, and processing procedure is quickly thorough, and automaticity is high, and energy consumption level is low.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a domestic waste handles the field, concretely relates to domestic waste pretreatment system based on high pressure extrusion.
Background
The domestic garbage sorting effect is achieved by means of pretreatment equipment, and the pretreatment is used as a pre-procedure of incineration, landfill or composting, so that the method is a common mode for treating domestic garbage in China at present. The commonly used pretreatment equipment mainly comprises a crusher, a rotary screen, a winnowing device, a vibrating screen, a magnetic separator and the like. For the waste incineration, inorganic non-combustible components such as muck and the like can be removed through a pretreatment link, so that the heat value of the waste is improved; for compost treatment, non-compostable inorganic substances such as metal, plastic, glass, soil ash, stones and the like can be separated through a pretreatment link, so that the content of organic matters in garbage is increased, and the content of impurities in compost is reduced; for landfill, the available resources such as metal, plastics and the like in the garbage can be recovered through pretreatment, and combustible substances and organic substances are separated, so that the reduction of the garbage is realized, and the landfill amount is reduced.
However, due to the characteristics of domestic garbage in China, the sorting effect of the pretreatment is poor, and the pretreatment is reflected in the following aspects: (1) the moisture content of the garbage is high, the dry and wet garbage are mixed, the phenomenon that a big bag is sleeved with a small bag is serious, and the sorting effect is seriously influenced; (2) the system is huge, the construction cost is high, the overall energy consumption is high, and the operation and maintenance cost is high; (3) the noise, odor, sewage and dust pollution is serious; (4) the manual auxiliary separation is indispensable, and the operational environment is abominable. The above problems have not been overcome for a long time and waste pre-treatment has been at a low level.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Based on the problem that prior art exists, the utility model aims at providing a domestic waste pretreatment system based on high pressure extrusion can the dry and wet mixed rubbish of effective processing, promotes and selects separately effect and energy consumption low.
The utility model aims at realizing through the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a domestic waste pretreatment system based on high pressure extrusion, a serial communication port, include:
the system comprises a garbage grab bucket 1, a storage bin 2, a chain plate machine 3, a first belt conveyor 4, a bag breaking and screening machine 5, a second belt conveyor 6, a third belt conveyor 10, a feeding buffer bin 7, a high-pressure extruder 8, a fourth belt conveyor 9, a dry garbage sorting subsystem and a screw conveyor 15; wherein,
the garbage grab bucket 1 is arranged at the bin 2 and corresponds to the bin 2;
the bin 2 is connected with the bag breaking and screening machine 5 through a chain plate machine 3 and a belt conveyor 4 in sequence;
the undersize outlet of the bag breaking and sieving machine 5 is connected with the high-pressure extruder 8 through a second belt conveyor 6 and a feeding buffer bin 7 in sequence;
the high-pressure extruder 8 is provided with an extrusion wet material outlet and an extrusion dry material outlet, the extrusion wet material outlet is connected with the screw conveyor 15, and the extrusion dry material outlet is connected with a dry garbage inlet of the dry garbage sorting subsystem through the fourth belt conveyor 9 and the third belt conveyor 10 in sequence;
the high-pressure extruder 8 adopts a two-section type extrusion and combined type material pushing and discharging high-pressure extruder;
an oversize outlet of the bag breaking and screening machine 5 is connected with a dry garbage inlet of the dry garbage sorting subsystem through a third belt conveyor 10;
the dry garbage sorting subsystem is respectively provided with a dry garbage inlet, a plastic garbage outlet, a metal garbage outlet, a building garbage outlet and a combustible garbage outlet.
By the foregoing the utility model provides a technical scheme can see out, the embodiment of the utility model provides a domestic waste pretreatment system has following beneficial effect:
the garbage grab bucket, the bin, the chain plate machine, the first belt conveyor, the bag breaking screening machine, the second belt conveyor, the third belt conveyor, the feeding buffer bin, the high-pressure extruder, the fourth belt conveyor, the dry garbage sorting subsystem and the screw conveyor which are organically connected are arranged, wherein the high-pressure extruder is used for carrying out dry-wet separation, the easily flowing organic garbage is separated from the original garbage by virtue of ultra-strong high-pressure extrusion force, and most of solid substances such as plastics, larger fibers, gravels, metals and the like are remained in the extrusion cavity due to the fact that the solid substances do not have fluidity, so that the dry-wet separation is realized; the high-pressure extrusion dry-wet separation equipment has super high-pressure extrusion force and can be suitable for domestic garbage which is not subjected to crushing treatment. Sorting the garbage after the dry and wet separation; the domestic garbage does not need crushing treatment before being subjected to high-pressure extrusion dry-wet separation equipment, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the water content of oversize garbage is lower and the calorific value is higher only through bag breaking and screening treatment, so that the high-pressure extrusion dry-wet separation is not needed, and the energy consumption of the whole system is reduced. In order to control the lower water content of the oversize garbage, the sieve pores are larger than those of the conventional household garbage drum screening machine; the high-pressure extruder adopts two-section extrusion and composite material pushing and discharging, and has short extrusion stroke, compact extrusion process and high working efficiency, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption. Two-stage extrusion, namely, the first stage is primary extrusion serving as pre-extrusion, and the second stage is secondary extrusion serving as main extrusion; in the stage of composite material pushing, namely, discharging dry materials after extrusion is finished, the main extrusion head is pushed by a discharging oil cylinder arranged on the structure of the second secondary extrusion head to discharge materials instead of pushing the second secondary extrusion head to push materials to discharge materials by the main oil cylinder; the dry garbage obtained after the household garbage is subjected to bag breaking and screening treatment and high-pressure extrusion treatment has low water content, and is sequentially subjected to air separation and plastic sorting, magnetic separation and metal iron sorting and bounce separation and building garbage sorting by a dry garbage sorting subsystem, so that combustible garbage with high heat value is obtained. The wet garbage obtained after high-pressure extrusion treatment is organic garbage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pretreatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural plan view of a high-pressure extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural side view of a high-pressure extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a front view of a gate structure of a high-pressure extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a side view of a gate structure of a high-pressure extruder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a preprocessing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a garbage grab bucket; 2-a storage bin; 3-chain plate machine; 4-a first belt conveyor; 5-breaking the bag and screening machine; 6-a second belt conveyor; 7-feeding buffer bin; 8-high pressure extruder; 9-a fourth belt conveyor; 10-a third belt conveyor; 11-a plastic sorting machine; 12-a fifth belt conveyor; 13-a magnetic separator; 14-bounce sorter; 15-a screw conveyor;
81-feed inlet; 82-an extrusion chamber; 83-dry material discharge port; 84-wet material discharge port; 85-a frame; 811-primary extrusion head; 812-a primary squeeze cylinder; 813-plug pins; 821-first secondary extrusion head; 831-second secondary extrusion head; 822-secondary extrusion oil cylinder; 832-a discharge oil cylinder; 841-gate; 842-gate cylinder.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the specific contents of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the utility model provides a domestic waste pretreatment system based on high pressure extrusion, include:
the system comprises a garbage grab bucket 1, a storage bin 2, a chain plate machine 3, a first belt conveyor 4, a bag breaking and screening machine 5, a second belt conveyor 6, a third belt conveyor 10, a feeding buffer bin 7, a high-pressure extruder 8, a fourth belt conveyor 9, a dry garbage sorting subsystem and a screw conveyor 15; wherein,
the garbage grab bucket 1 is arranged at the bin 2 and corresponds to the bin 2;
the bin 2 is connected with the bag breaking and screening machine 5 through a chain plate machine 3 and a belt conveyor 4 in sequence;
the undersize outlet of the bag breaking and sieving machine 5 is connected with the high-pressure extruder 8 through a second belt conveyor 6 and a feeding buffer bin 7 in sequence;
the high-pressure extruder 8 is provided with an extrusion wet material outlet and an extrusion dry material outlet, the extrusion wet material outlet is connected with the screw conveyor 15, and the extrusion dry material outlet is connected with a dry garbage inlet of the dry garbage sorting subsystem through the fourth belt conveyor 9 and the third belt conveyor 10 in sequence;
an oversize outlet of the bag breaking and screening machine 5 is connected with a dry garbage inlet of the dry garbage sorting subsystem through a third belt conveyor 10;
the dry garbage sorting subsystem is respectively provided with a dry garbage inlet, a plastic garbage outlet, a metal garbage outlet, a building garbage outlet and a combustible garbage outlet.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the high-pressure extruder 8 in the household garbage pretreatment system comprises:
a feed hopper 81, an extrusion cavity 82, a dry material discharge port 83, a wet material discharge port 84, a frame 85, a primary extrusion mechanism, a secondary extrusion mechanism, a gate mechanism, a hydraulic station and an electric control system; wherein,
all the parts are arranged on the frame 85;
the feed hopper 81 is arranged above the extrusion cavity 82 and communicated with the extrusion cavity 82;
the primary extrusion mechanism is arranged on the rack 85 perpendicular to the extrusion cavity 82, and a primary extrusion head of the primary extrusion mechanism extends into the extrusion cavity 82 and can move in the extrusion cavity 82 to extrude garbage materials;
the primary extrusion mechanism is provided with a locking device capable of locking the position of a primary extrusion head of the primary extrusion mechanism;
the secondary extrusion mechanism and the extrusion cavity 82 are coaxially arranged on the frame 85, the front end of a second secondary extrusion head 831 of the secondary extrusion mechanism extends into the extrusion cavity 82, the rear end of the second secondary extrusion head 831 is provided with a discharge oil cylinder 832 (specifically, the discharge oil cylinder 832 is fixed on the first secondary extrusion head 821, an oil cylinder rod of the discharge oil cylinder 832 is connected with the second secondary extrusion head 831 and can push the second secondary extrusion head 831 forward), the second secondary extrusion head 831 can move in the extrusion cavity 82 to extrude garbage materials, and the discharge oil cylinder 832 can push the second secondary extrusion head 831 to discharge dry garbage materials extruded in the extrusion cavity 82; a secondary extrusion mechanism with short stroke, low energy consumption and a composite cylinder is formed by arranging a discharge oil cylinder 832;
the primary extrusion mechanism and the secondary extrusion mechanism are perpendicular to each other;
wet garbage discharging through holes are formed in the inner wall of the extrusion cavity 82 and the end part of the primary extrusion head 811;
the dry material discharge port 83 is arranged at the front end of the extrusion cavity 82 coaxial with the secondary extrusion mechanism, and the gate mechanism is arranged in the extrusion cavity 82 in front of the dry material discharge port 83;
the lower end of the extrusion cavity 82 is provided with the wet material outlet 84;
and the primary extrusion mechanism, the secondary extrusion mechanism and the gate mechanism are respectively connected with the hydraulic station and the electric control system.
The primary extrusion mechanism of the high-pressure extruder 8 includes:
a primary extrusion cylinder 812, the primary extrusion head 811, and two sets of plug pins 813 as locking devices; wherein,
the rear end of the primary extrusion head 811 is connected with the primary extrusion oil cylinder 812, and the front end of the primary extrusion head 811 extends into the extrusion cavity 82;
the two groups of plug pins 813 are respectively arranged at two sides of the primary extrusion head 811 and can be inserted and fixed at the position of the primary extrusion head 811;
the primary extrusion oil cylinder 812 is connected with the hydraulic station and the electric control system.
The secondary extrusion mechanism of the high-pressure extruder 8 includes: a secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822, a first secondary extrusion head 821, a second secondary extrusion head 831 and a discharge oil cylinder 832; wherein,
the rear end of the first secondary extrusion head 821 is connected with the secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822;
the first secondary extrusion head 821 and the second secondary extrusion head 831 are of a split structure, the first secondary extrusion head 821 and the second secondary extrusion head 831 are coaxially arranged, and the front end of the first secondary extrusion head 821 is in contact connection with the rear end of the second secondary extrusion head 831 and is in contact movable connection;
the rear end of the second secondary extrusion head 831 is provided with the discharge oil cylinder 832, and the front end of the second secondary extrusion head 831 is arranged in the extrusion cavity 82;
the secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822 and the discharge oil cylinder 832 are respectively connected with the hydraulic station and the electric control system;
the pressure range of the secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822 generated in the extrusion cavity 82 is 0-80 MPa; the maximum thrust generated by the secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822 is 3-5 times of the maximum thrust generated by the primary extrusion oil cylinder 812 of the primary extrusion mechanism.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the gate mechanism of the high-pressure extruder 8 includes:
the gate is arranged in the extrusion cavity 82 in front of the dry material discharge port 83, the gate 841 is perpendicular to the extrusion cavity 82, and the gate 841 is connected with the gate oil cylinder 842;
and the gate oil cylinder 842 is connected with the hydraulic station and the electric control system.
The dry garbage sorting subsystem in the household garbage pretreatment system comprises: a plastic winnowing machine 11, a fifth belt conveyor 12, a magnetic separator 13 and a bounce separator 14; wherein,
the plastic winnowing machine 11 is provided with a dry garbage inlet, a plastic garbage outlet and a non-plastic garbage outlet, and the non-plastic garbage outlet is connected with the magnetic separator 13 through the fifth belt conveyor 12;
the magnetic separator 13 is provided with a metal garbage outlet and a non-metal garbage outlet, and the non-metal garbage outlet is connected with the bounce separator 14;
the bounce separator 14 is provided with a construction waste outlet and a combustible waste outlet.
The magnetic separator of the dry garbage sorting subsystem adopts a cross-belt magnetic separator.
The bag breaking screening machine in the household garbage pretreatment system adopts a roller type screening machine with a screen mesh with the diameter of 150-200 mm, and the bag breaking rate is more than 80%;
a material level switch for controlling the starting and stopping of the high-pressure extruder is arranged in the feeding buffer bin;
the screw conveyer adopts a shaftless screw conveyer.
Referring to fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a household garbage pretreatment method based on high pressure extrusion, which adopts the above pretreatment system, and includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grabbing materials by a garbage grab bucket; grabbing the treated garbage by a garbage grab bucket;
step two: temporarily storing a stock bin; garbage grabbed by the garbage grab bucket is put into a storage bin for temporary storage;
step three: feeding by a chain plate machine; conveying the garbage in the bin to a first belt conveyor through a chain plate machine;
step IV: conveying by a first belt conveyor; conveying the garbage to a bag breaking screening machine through a first belt conveyor;
step five: breaking bags and screening; the garbage enters a bag breaking sieving machine 5 for bag breaking and sieving, the bag breaking object is bagged garbage with the diameter of more than 150mm, and the bag breaking rate is more than 80%;
step (c): conveying the undersize garbage by a belt conveyor; conveying the undersize garbage of the bag breaking and sieving machine 5 to a feeding buffer bin 7 through a second belt conveyor 4;
step (c): feeding and caching of the high-pressure extruder; garbage is cached in the feeding buffer bin 7, and the garbage is conveyed to the high-pressure extruder after reaching a certain amount;
step (v): dry-wet separation is carried out on the high-pressure extruder; carrying out dry-wet separation on the entering garbage in a high-pressure extrusion mode, and respectively outputting the separated dry garbage and wet garbage, wherein the water content of the separated dry garbage is lower than 40%;
step ninthly: conveying the extruded dry material by a belt conveyor; conveying the dry garbage output by the high-pressure extruder to a dry garbage sorting subsystem through a fourth conveyor for sorting treatment;
step (r): conveying the oversize garbage by a belt conveyor; conveying oversize garbage of the bag breaking and screening machine 5 to a dry garbage sorting subsystem for sorting treatment through a third belt conveyor 4;
the dry garbage entering the dry garbage sorting subsystem is sequentially subjected to air separation, magnetic separation and bounce sorting to sort out plastic garbage, metal garbage, building garbage and combustible garbage and then output;
and the wet garbage output by the high-pressure extruder is output as organic garbage through a screw conveyor.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses a domestic waste pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion, fig. 2 is the utility model discloses a high-pressure extruder 8's side view, fig. 3 is the utility model discloses a high-pressure extruder 8's top view, this high-pressure extruder 8 includes: the device comprises a feed hopper 81, an extrusion cavity 82, a dry material outlet 83, a wet material outlet 84, a frame 85, a primary extrusion head 811, a primary extrusion cylinder 812, a plug pin 813, a first secondary extrusion head 821, a second secondary extrusion head 831, a secondary extrusion cylinder 822, a discharge cylinder 832, a gate 841 and a gate cylinder 842, wherein other hydraulic stations and an electric control system are not marked on the figure.
Wherein, the feed hopper 81 is vertically arranged with a primary extrusion head 811 of the primary extrusion mechanism, the primary extrusion head 811 is vertically arranged with a first secondary extrusion head 821 and a second secondary extrusion head 831 of the secondary extrusion mechanism, the dry material discharge port 83 is coaxially arranged with the first secondary extrusion head 821 and the second secondary extrusion head 831, and the gate 841 is vertically arranged with the extrusion cavity 82;
through holes for discharging wet garbage are formed in the inner wall of the extrusion cavity 82 and the end part of the primary extrusion head 811, and the hole diameter is 6-10 mm;
two groups of plug pins 813 serving as locking devices are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the primary extrusion head 811, and when the plug pins 813 are inserted into the primary extrusion head 811, the primary extrusion head 811 is fixed and cannot move;
the discharge oil cylinder 832 is fixed on the first secondary extrusion head 821 and can move along with the first secondary extrusion head 821;
the first secondary extrusion head 821 and the second secondary extrusion head 831 are of split structures and can be separated;
the maximum thrust generated by the secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822 can be adjusted through a hydraulic system, and the pressure generated in the extrusion cavity 82 ranges from 0MPa to 80 MPa; the maximum thrust generated by the secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822 is 3-5 times of the maximum thrust generated by the primary extrusion oil cylinder 812.
Fig. 4 and 5 are front and side views of the gate mechanism of the high-pressure extruder 8 of the present invention. The gate 841 driven by the gate cylinder 842 is provided with a hole, when the gate 841 starts high pressure extrusion after being closed, wet materials can be discharged from the inner wall of the extrusion cavity 82 and the end part of the primary extrusion head 811, and can also pass through the hole on the gate 841 to be discharged from the bottom of the gate to the wet material discharge port 84. The gate 841 is provided with an opening to greatly increase the discharge passage of the wet materials.
As shown in FIG. 6, the domestic garbage pretreatment method based on high-pressure extrusion by using the domestic garbage pretreatment system comprises the following steps of garbage grab bucket grabbing (step ①), temporary storage of a storage bin (step ②), chain plate machine feeding (step ③), belt conveyor conveying (step ④), bag breaking and screening (step ⑤), undersize garbage belt conveyor conveying (step ⑥), oversize garbage belt conveyor conveying (step ⑩), high-pressure extruder feeding buffer storage (step ⑦), high-pressure extruder dry-wet separation (step ⑧), extrusion dry material belt conveyor conveying (step ⑨) and plastic winnowing machine winnowing (step ⑧)) And a belt conveyor (step)) Magnetic separation by a magnetic separator (step)) Sorting by a bouncing sorting machine (step)) Conveying by a screw conveyer (step))。
The pretreatment method comprises the specific processes that the domestic garbage is grabbed from a garbage pit by a garbage grab (step ①) and fed to a bin (step ②), then the domestic garbage is fed to a first belt conveyor (steps ③ and ④) through a chain plate machine arranged at the bottom of the bin and conveyed to a bag breaking screening machine (step ⑤), the domestic garbage is simultaneously subjected to bag breaking screening treatment in the bag breaking screening machine, the undersize garbage is conveyed (step ⑥) through a second belt conveyor to a high-pressure press feeding buffer bin (step ⑦), then high-pressure extrusion dry-wet separation is realized in a high-pressure extrusion machine (step ⑧), the extruded dry material is conveyed (step ⑨) through a third belt conveyor to a fourth belt conveyor (step ⑩) and is converged with the oversize of the bag breaking screening machine, and then the dry material is conveyed to a plastic air separator (step ⑧), and the dry material is conveyed to a plastic air separator (step ⑩)) Sorting out the plastic garbage by air separation; conveyed by a fifth belt conveyor (step)) To a magnetic separator for magnetic separation (step)) Sorting out the metal garbage (iron); entering a bounce separator to sort out the construction waste (step)) (ii) a Obtaining combustible garbage with high calorific value after the separation; the wet material obtained by high-pressure extrusion is organic garbage and is conveyed by a screw conveyer (step))。
The bag breaking and screening treatment in the fifth step is finished in an equipment, namely a bag breaking and screening integrated machine, the bag breaking object is bagged garbage with the diameter larger than 150mm, the bag breaking rate is required to be larger than 80%, the screening is in a drum type, a large-aperture screen is adopted, and the diameter of a screen hole is 150-200 mm, so that the high heat value and the low water content of oversize products are ensured;
the feeding buffer bin of the high-pressure extruder in the step (seventhly) is provided with a material level switch, and when the material stored in the feeding buffer bin reaches a set value, the high-pressure extruder starts to extrude;
the high-pressure extruder in the step III adopts a specific extrusion mechanism with short extrusion stroke, compact extrusion process and high working efficiency so as to greatly reduce energy consumption, and the highest extrusion force in an extrusion cavity is required to reach 80 MPa. Under the ultrahigh pressure, separating more than 80% of organic kitchen waste in the undersize waste obtained in the fifth step into wet material obtained by extrusion in a high-pressure extrusion mode, thereby ensuring that the water content of the dry material obtained by extrusion is lower than 40%;
step (ii) ofThe magnetic separator is a cross-belt magnetic separator;
step (ii) ofThe screw conveyer adopts a shaftless screw conveyer.
In the above pretreatment method, the high-pressure extruder separates the dry and wet waste in the following manner (see fig. 1 to 5):
when the feeding hole 81 feeds a certain volume, the primary extrusion head 811 starts to push the garbage into the extrusion cavity 82 under the driving of the primary extrusion cylinder 812, and then performs pre-extrusion on the garbage. After the preliminary pressing is finished, the position of the primary pressing head 811 is locked by the plug pin 813 as a locking device, the secondary pressing head can be separated into the first secondary pressing head 821 and the second secondary pressing head 831, and the two secondary pressing heads start to continue pressing the garbage, that is, secondary pressing, by driving the secondary pressing cylinder 822. The extruded wet material is discharged from a wet material outlet 84 through the inner wall of the extrusion cavity 82, the end part of the primary extrusion head 811 and the hole on the gate 841. When the secondary extrusion is finished, the gate 841 is driven by the gate cylinder 842 to open, and at this time, the secondary extrusion cylinder 822 and the first secondary extrusion head 821 do not act, and the discharge cylinder 832 pushes the second secondary extrusion head 831 forward to perform a discharge action. Thus, the dry matter obtained by the pressing is discharged from the dry matter discharge port 83. After discharging is finished, the actions of two routes are carried out simultaneously: firstly, the primary extrusion head 11 is unlocked, and the primary extrusion head 811 retreats under the driving of the primary extrusion oil cylinder 812; firstly, the discharge oil cylinder 832 drives the second secondary extrusion head 831 to retreat, the gate 841 is closed under the driving of the gate oil cylinder 842, and the first secondary extrusion head 821 is retreated under the driving of the secondary extrusion oil cylinder. At this point, the extrusion is finished and the next extrusion cycle is awaited.
The pre-extrusion of the primary extrusion of the high-pressure extruder compresses the garbage to 40% -60% of the original volume, and the secondary extrusion of the high-pressure extruder as the primary extrusion compresses the garbage to 10% -30% of the original volume, so that the maximum thrust generated by the secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822 is 3-5 times that generated by the primary extrusion oil cylinder 812. The maximum thrust generated by the secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822 can be adjusted through a hydraulic system, and the pressure generated in the extrusion cavity 82 is required to be 0-80 MPa.
Through the utility model provides an above-mentioned pretreatment system can reach following effect:
(1) the dry-wet separation of the garbage is carried out through a high-pressure extruder, the dry-wet separation degree of the garbage meets the requirement of subsequent process treatment, and the dry-wet separation is thorough.
(2) The garbage pretreatment effect is good, and the quality of the five types of sorted garbage is higher.
(3) Full-automatic and rapid separation technology, unattended operation.
(4) Energy conservation and environmental protection, and low energy consumption level.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are all covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A household garbage pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion is characterized by comprising:
the system comprises a garbage grab bucket (1), a storage bin (2), a chain plate machine (3), a first belt conveyor (4), a bag breaking and screening machine (5), a second belt conveyor (6), a third belt conveyor (10), a feeding buffer bin (7), a high-pressure extruder (8), a fourth belt conveyor (9), a dry garbage sorting subsystem and a screw conveyor (15); wherein,
the garbage grab bucket (1) is arranged at the bin (2) and corresponds to the bin (2);
the storage bin (2) is connected with the bag breaking screening machine (5) through a chain plate machine (3) and a belt conveyor (4) in sequence;
the undersize outlet of the bag breaking and sieving machine (5) is connected with the high-pressure extruder (8) through a second belt conveyor (6) and a feeding buffer bin (7) in sequence;
the high-pressure extruder (8) is provided with an extrusion wet material outlet and an extrusion dry material outlet, the extrusion wet material outlet is connected with the screw conveyor (15), and the extrusion dry material outlet is connected with a dry garbage inlet of the dry garbage sorting subsystem through the fourth belt conveyor (9) and the third belt conveyor (10) in sequence;
the high-pressure extruder (8) adopts a two-section type extrusion and combined type material pushing and discharging high-pressure extruder;
an oversize outlet of the bag breaking and screening machine (5) is connected with a dry garbage inlet of the dry garbage sorting subsystem through a third belt conveyor (10);
the dry garbage sorting subsystem is respectively provided with a dry garbage inlet, a plastic garbage outlet, a metal garbage outlet, a building garbage outlet and a combustible garbage outlet.
2. A high pressure extrusion-based household waste pretreatment system according to claim 1, wherein the high pressure extruder (8) comprises:
the device comprises a feed hopper (81), an extrusion cavity (82), a dry material discharge port (83), a wet material discharge port (84), a frame (85), a primary extrusion mechanism, a secondary extrusion mechanism, a gate mechanism, a hydraulic station and an electric control system; wherein,
all the parts are arranged on the rack (85);
the feed hopper (81) is arranged above the extrusion cavity (82) and is communicated with the inside of the extrusion cavity (82);
the primary extrusion mechanism is perpendicular to the extrusion cavity (82) and arranged on the rack (85), and a primary extrusion head of the primary extrusion mechanism extends into the extrusion cavity (82) and can move in the extrusion cavity (82) to extrude garbage materials;
the primary extrusion mechanism is provided with a locking device capable of locking the position of a primary extrusion head of the primary extrusion mechanism;
the secondary extrusion mechanism and the extrusion cavity (82) are coaxially arranged on the rack (85), the front end of a second secondary extrusion head (831) of the secondary extrusion mechanism extends into the extrusion cavity (82), the rear end of the second secondary extrusion head (831) is provided with a discharge oil cylinder (832), the second secondary extrusion head (831) can move in the extrusion cavity (82) to extrude garbage materials, and the discharge oil cylinder (832) can push the second secondary extrusion head (831) to discharge the dry garbage materials extruded in the extrusion cavity (82);
the primary extrusion mechanism and the secondary extrusion mechanism are perpendicular to each other;
wet garbage discharging through holes are formed in the inner wall of the extrusion cavity (82), the end part of the primary extrusion head (811) and the gate (841);
the dry material discharge port (83) is formed in the front end of the extrusion cavity (82) coaxial with the secondary extrusion mechanism, and the gate mechanism is arranged in the extrusion cavity (82) in front of the dry material discharge port (83);
the lower end of the extrusion cavity (82) is provided with the wet material discharge hole (84);
and the primary extrusion mechanism, the secondary extrusion mechanism and the gate mechanism are respectively connected with the hydraulic station and the electric control system.
3. The high pressure extrusion-based household garbage pretreatment system according to claim 2, wherein the primary extrusion mechanism comprises:
a primary extrusion cylinder (812), the primary extrusion head (811) and two sets of plug pins (813) as locking devices; wherein,
the rear end of the primary extrusion head (811) is connected with the primary extrusion oil cylinder (812), and the front end of the primary extrusion head (811) extends into the extrusion cavity (82);
the two groups of plug pins (813) are respectively arranged on two sides of the primary extrusion head (811) and can be inserted and fixed at the position of the primary extrusion head (811);
and the primary extrusion oil cylinder (812) is connected with the hydraulic station and the electric control system.
4. The high pressure extrusion-based household garbage pretreatment system according to claim 2, wherein the secondary extrusion mechanism comprises: the secondary extrusion oil cylinder (822), the first secondary extrusion head (821), the second secondary extrusion head (831) and the discharge oil cylinder; wherein,
the rear end of the first secondary extrusion head (821) is in contact connection with the secondary extrusion oil cylinder (822);
the first secondary extrusion head (821) and the second secondary extrusion head (831) are of a split structure, the first secondary extrusion head (821) and the second secondary extrusion head (831) are coaxially arranged, and the front end of the first secondary extrusion head (821) is connected with the rear end of the second secondary extrusion head (831);
the rear end of the second secondary extrusion head (831) is provided with the discharge oil cylinder (832), and the front end of the second secondary extrusion head (831) is arranged in the extrusion cavity (82);
the secondary extrusion oil cylinder (822) and the discharge oil cylinder (832) are respectively connected with the hydraulic station and the electric control system;
the pressure range of the secondary extrusion oil cylinder (822) generated in the extrusion cavity (82) is 0-80 MPa; the maximum thrust generated by the secondary extrusion oil cylinder (822) is 3-5 times of the maximum thrust generated by the primary extrusion oil cylinder (812) of the primary extrusion mechanism.
5. The high pressure extrusion-based household waste pretreatment system of claim 2, wherein the gate mechanism comprises:
the gate (841) and the gate oil cylinder (842), the gate is arranged in the extrusion cavity (82) in front of the dry material discharge port (83), the gate (841) is vertical to the extrusion cavity (82), and the gate (841) is connected with the gate oil cylinder (842);
and the gate oil cylinder (842) is connected with the hydraulic station and the electric control system.
6. The high pressure extrusion-based household waste pretreatment system of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the dry waste sorting subsystem comprises: a plastic winnowing machine (11), a fifth belt conveyor (12), a magnetic separator (13) and a bounce separator (14); wherein,
the plastic winnowing machine (11) is provided with a dry garbage inlet, a plastic garbage outlet and a non-plastic garbage outlet, and the non-plastic garbage outlet is connected with the magnetic separator (13) through the fifth belt conveyor (12);
the magnetic separator (13) is provided with a metal garbage outlet and a non-metal garbage outlet, and the non-metal garbage outlet is connected with the bounce separator (14);
the bounce separator (14) is provided with a construction waste outlet and a combustible waste outlet.
7. The high pressure extrusion-based household garbage pretreatment system of claim 6, wherein the magnetic separator is a cross-belt magnetic separator.
8. The high-pressure extrusion-based household garbage pretreatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the bag breaking screening machine adopts a drum type screening machine with a screen mesh having a screen hole diameter of 150-200 mm, and the bag breaking rate is more than 80%;
a material level switch for controlling the starting and stopping of the high-pressure extruder is arranged in the feeding buffer bin;
the screw conveyer adopts a shaftless screw conveyer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720074289.0U CN206794333U (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2017-01-19 | House refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720074289.0U CN206794333U (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2017-01-19 | House refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206794333U true CN206794333U (en) | 2017-12-26 |
Family
ID=60729240
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720074289.0U Active CN206794333U (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2017-01-19 | House refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206794333U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106734114A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-31 | 启迪桑德环境资源股份有限公司 | House refuse pretreatment system and method based on high-pressure extrusion |
-
2017
- 2017-01-19 CN CN201720074289.0U patent/CN206794333U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106734114A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-31 | 启迪桑德环境资源股份有限公司 | House refuse pretreatment system and method based on high-pressure extrusion |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106734114B (en) | Household garbage pretreatment system and method based on high-pressure extrusion | |
| CN102925241B (en) | Method and device for preparing household garbage derived fuel | |
| CN103567209B (en) | A kind of resourceful treatment system for decoration construction waste and processing method thereof | |
| CN209407063U (en) | A kind of automatic Building building refuse categorised collection processing equipment | |
| KR101785217B1 (en) | Screening methods and screening systems for municipal waste into fuel and combustible waste landfill | |
| CN207057262U (en) | A kind of Domestic garbage compression-classification dual treatment system | |
| CN103111424A (en) | Sorting system suitable for characteristics of Chinese household garbage | |
| CN205238612U (en) | Two to dry wet -separating equipment of extrusion | |
| CN106734078A (en) | Solid refuse innocuity disposal system and processing method | |
| CN109127670A (en) | A kind of separation system and its method for separating using cement kiln synergic processing domestic waste | |
| CN206794333U (en) | House refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion | |
| CN205238613U (en) | Dry wet -separating equipment of three -dimensional extrusion | |
| CN203331282U (en) | Granulation system capable of recovering plastics from garbage | |
| CN206927865U (en) | RDF manufacturing systems based on high-pressure extrusion isolation technics | |
| CN202702441U (en) | Waste plastic processing system | |
| CN113333444A (en) | Kitchen garbage crushing treatment system | |
| CN105312306A (en) | Crushing-sorting-pulping integrated pre-treatment method of kitchen waste | |
| CN103213215A (en) | Method for recycling plastic from garbage and granulating | |
| CN102357517A (en) | Domestic garbage crushing and compacting integrated processing system | |
| CN211134624U (en) | Processing system of fitment rubbish | |
| CN106861879A (en) | House refuse separating and treating apparatus | |
| CN208840199U (en) | A kind of separation system using cement kiln synergic processing domestic waste | |
| CN216261051U (en) | Large-size crushing device for garbage disposal | |
| CN203664202U (en) | Comprehensive sorting machine for garbage disposal | |
| CN103240263B (en) | Domestic garbage treating system and technique |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 443000 114 along Yanjiang Road, Yichang, Hubei Co-patentee after: Ho Chi New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Sound Environmental Resources Co., Ltd. Address before: 443000 114 along Yanjiang Road, Yichang, Hubei Co-patentee before: Hubei Hejia Environment Equipment Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Sound Environmental Resources Co., Ltd. |