JPH05262256A - Rear wheel steering device for truck and the like - Google Patents
Rear wheel steering device for truck and the likeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05262256A JPH05262256A JP10834592A JP10834592A JPH05262256A JP H05262256 A JPH05262256 A JP H05262256A JP 10834592 A JP10834592 A JP 10834592A JP 10834592 A JP10834592 A JP 10834592A JP H05262256 A JPH05262256 A JP H05262256A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- axle housing
- rear axle
- wheel steering
- leaf spring
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Landscapes
- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、トラツク等における後
輪操舵装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rear wheel steering device for a truck or the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近来、高速走行時の操縦安定性を向上す
るために、前輪の操舵に連動して後輪を操舵するように
した種々の四輪操舵システム及び装置が提案されてい
る。従来、後輪が剛性の車軸管又はリヤアクスルハウジ
ングの車巾方向両端部分に支持され、かつ同リヤアクス
ルハウジングが重ね板ばね装置を介して車台フレームに
懸架されているトラツクにおいて、上記リヤアクスルハ
ウジングそれ自体を、車体前後方向中心線上に配置され
た回転中心の周りに廻動させるようにした後輪操舵装置
が、実開平２−１２０２８４号公報に開示されている。2. Description of the Related Art Recently, various four-wheel steering systems and devices have been proposed in which the rear wheels are steered in conjunction with the steering of the front wheels in order to improve the steering stability during high-speed traveling. Conventionally, in a truck in which the rear wheels are supported at both end portions in the vehicle width direction of a rigid axle tube or a rear axle housing, and the rear axle housing is suspended on a chassis frame via a leaf spring device, the rear axle housing itself is A rear wheel steering device that is rotated around a center of rotation arranged on the center line in the vehicle front-rear direction is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 120284/1990.
【０００３】上記既提案の後輪操舵装置は、転舵に際し
て車台フレーム側に支持されている重ね板ばね装置とリ
ヤアクスルハウジングとの間の相対変位を許容するため
に、左右の重ね板ばね装置に夫々タイボルトによつて緊
締された枠形のスプリングシート内に円筒面からなるガ
イド溝を設けると共に、同ガイド溝内にリヤアクスルハ
ウジングの左右両端付近に夫々装着され上記円筒面に適
合する円筒摺動面を具えたスライダを摺動自在に嵌装し
た構造を採用しており、また上記リヤアクスルハウジン
グを、車体前後方向中心線上の回転中心の周りに廻動さ
せるために、上記左右のスプリングシートに夫々廻動自
在に支持された左右一対のベルクランクの一端を上記リ
ヤアクスルハウジングのスライダに枢着すると共に、同
ベルクランクの他端を、リヤアクスルハウジングの車巾
方向中央部分に設けられているデイフアレンシヤルケー
スに固着された油圧シリンダ装置のピストン軸の両端に
枢着した構造が採用されている。The above-mentioned proposed rear wheel steering device is provided in the left and right leaf spring devices in order to allow relative displacement between the leaf spring device supported on the chassis frame side and the rear axle housing during steering. The frame-shaped spring seats are tightened by tie bolts, and the guide grooves of the cylindrical surface are provided in the spring seats. The cylindrical sliding surfaces are fitted in the guide grooves near the left and right ends of the rear axle housing, respectively, and conform to the cylindrical surface. A slider with a slider is slidably fitted in the structure, and the left and right spring seats are individually rotated to rotate the rear axle housing around the center of rotation on the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body. One end of a pair of left and right bell cranks that are movably supported is pivotally attached to the slider of the rear axle housing, and And pivotally connected to the structure at both ends of the piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder device secured to Day off Allen shea dial case provided in Kurumahaba center section of the rear axle housing is employed.
【０００４】しかしながら、上記従前の後輪操舵装置に
は、後輪操舵アクチユエータ即ち油圧シリンダ装置が、
走行中頻繁に、特に上下方向に衝撃的な変位を行なうリ
ヤアクスルハウジングに支持されているために、衝撃に
よつて早期に破損し易く耐久性及び信頼性に欠ける不具
合がある。However, in the above-mentioned conventional rear wheel steering device, a rear wheel steering actuator, that is, a hydraulic cylinder device, is used.
Since it is supported by the rear axle housing which is frequently displaced, especially in the vertical direction, while traveling, there is a problem that it is easily damaged early by impact and lacks durability and reliability.
【０００５】更に、上記従来の後輪操舵装置は、操舵時
に、車台フレーム側に連結されている重ね板ばね装置に
対するリヤアクスルハウジングの相対変位を許容するた
めに、枠形のスプリングシートに形成された円筒面から
なるガイド溝内に、適合する円筒面を具えたスライダを
摺動自在に嵌装した複雑な構造を採用しているので、製
造コストが高くなる欠点があり、また上記円筒面からな
る広い摺動面に走行中泥や砂利等が不可避的に侵入する
ために摩擦が大きく、大容量の後輪操舵用油圧シリンダ
装置を必要とする不具合がある。Further, the above-mentioned conventional rear wheel steering device is formed in a frame-shaped spring seat to allow relative displacement of the rear axle housing with respect to the leaf spring device connected to the chassis frame side during steering. Since a slider with a matching cylindrical surface is slidably fitted in a guide groove consisting of a cylindrical surface, there is a drawback that the manufacturing cost becomes high. Mud, gravel, and the like inevitably enter the wide sliding surface during traveling, resulting in large friction, which requires a large-capacity rear wheel steering hydraulic cylinder device.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、後輪がリヤ
アクスルハウジングの車巾方向両端部分に支持されたト
ラツク等における高速走行時の操縦安定性を向上するこ
とができる構造簡単かつ安価で耐久性が優れた後輪操舵
装置を提供することを目的とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has a structure that can improve the steering stability during high speed running of a truck or the like in which the rear wheels are supported at both ends of the rear axle housing in the vehicle width direction. The structure is simple, inexpensive and durable. An object of the present invention is to provide a rear wheel steering device having excellent properties.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、車台フレーム、車巾方向の両端部に後輪
を支持したリヤアクスルハウジング、同リヤアクスルハ
ウジングと上記車台フレームとの間に介装された重ね板
ばね装置、車体前後方向中心線に沿つて配設されその一
端部を上記リヤアクスルハウジングの車巾方向中央部分
に枢着されると共に他端部を上記車台フレームに夫々枢
着された上方ラジアスロツド、車体の前後方向中心線の
両側に略対称的に配設され夫々の一端を上記リヤアクス
ルハウジングに枢着された左右一対の下方ラジアスロツ
ド、及び同下方ラジアスロツドの他端に夫々連結され、
高速走行時における車両の操舵に応動して左右の下方ラ
ジアスロツドを前後反対方向に駆動し上記リヤアクスル
ハウジングを上記上方ラジアスロツドの一端部枢着点の
周りに廻動させ転舵させる後輪操舵アクチユエータを具
えてなり、上記重ね板ばね装置が、その車体前後方向の
中間部分を、上記リヤアクスルハウジングの上側面及び
下側面に夫々当接する第１のシート部材と、Ｕボルト等
の緊締部材により上記重ね板ばね装置にけつろ締結され
て上記第１シート部材に当接される第２のシート部材と
を介し上記リヤアクスルハウジングに連結され、更に上
記第１及び第２シート部材が、何れか一方のシート部材
に形成された球面からなる突起を、他方のシート部材に
形成され上記球面の半径より大きい半径の球面からなる
凹所内に係合させることによつて、上記リヤアクスルハ
ウジングの転舵時に車体前後方向及び車巾方向に相対変
位可能に当接連結されていることを特徴とするトラツク
等の後輪操舵装置を提案するものである。To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a chassis frame, a rear axle housing that supports rear wheels at both ends in the vehicle width direction, and an intermediate body between the rear axle housing and the chassis frame. The mounted leaf spring device is arranged along the longitudinal center line of the vehicle body, and one end of the laminated leaf spring device is pivotally attached to the central portion of the rear axle housing in the vehicle width direction and the other end is pivotally attached to the chassis frame. An upper radius rod, a pair of left and right lower radius rods, which are arranged substantially symmetrically on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the vehicle body and one end of each of which is pivotally attached to the rear axle housing, and the other ends of the lower radius rods, respectively.
In response to steering of the vehicle at high speed, the left and right lower radius rods are driven in opposite front and rear directions to rotate the rear axle housing around one end pivot point of the upper radius rod and steer the rear wheel steering actuator. In addition, in the leaf spring device, the first leaf member that abuts the intermediate portion in the vehicle front-rear direction with the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the rear axle housing, respectively, and the leaf spring with the tightening member such as a U bolt. A second seat member that is loosely fastened to the device and abuts against the first seat member, is connected to the rear axle housing, and the first and second seat members are connected to one of the seat members. The formed spherical protrusion is engaged with the concave portion formed on the other sheet member and having a radius larger than the radius of the spherical surface. Particular Yotsute and proposes a rear wheel steering apparatus of the tracks, such as, characterized by being relatively displaceably abut connected to the vehicle body longitudinal direction and Kurumahaba direction during steering of the rear axle housing.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下本発明の実施例を添付図面について具体
的に説明する。図中符号１０はトラツク等車両の車台フ
レームであつて、車体前後方向に延在する左右一対のサ
イドレール１２と、車巾方向に延在し両端を上記左右の
サイドレール１２に固着された複数個のクロスメンバ１
４とから構成されている。１６は車巾方向両端部分にダ
ブルタイヤ１８を支持したリヤアクスルハウジング、２
０はその前端部を第１のシヤツクルリンク２２の上端に
ピン２４によつて枢着されると共に、後端部を第２のシ
ヤツクルリンク２６の下端にピン２８によつて枢着され
たメーンリーフスプリング（重ね板ばね装置）である。Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference numeral 10 in the figure denotes a chassis frame of a vehicle such as a truck, and a pair of left and right side rails 12 extending in the vehicle front-rear direction, and a plurality of side rails 12 extending in the vehicle width direction and fixed to the left and right side rails 12 at both ends. 1 cross member
4 and. 16 is a rear axle housing supporting double tires 18 at both ends in the vehicle width direction, and 2
0 has its front end pivotally attached to the upper end of the first shackle link 22 by a pin 24 and its rear end pivotally attached to the lower end of a second shackle link 26 by a pin 28. It is a main leaf spring (lap spring device).
【０００９】上記第１シヤツクルリンク２２はその下端
をピン３０により前部シヤツクルブラケツト３２に枢着
され、同ブラケツト３２は車台フレーム１０のサイドレ
ール１２に固着されている。また、上記第２シヤツクル
リンク２６は、その上端をピン３４により後部シヤツク
ルブラケツト３６に枢着され、同ブラケツト３６は車台
フレーム１０のサイドレール１２に固着されている。従
つて、メーンリーフスプリング２０の前端部には、第１
シヤツクルリンク２２を介して、車体のばね上荷重が吊
下げ方向に作用し、一方メーンリーフスプリング２０の
後端部には、第２シヤツクルリンク２６を介して、ばね
上荷重が下支えされるような態様で作用することとな
る。３８は上記メーンリーフスプリング２０の上方に配
設され、車両の荷重が設定荷重以上のときに、その前後
両端部分をサイドレール１２に装着されたヘルパストツ
パ４０に摺接されるヘルパリーフスプリングである。The first sheave link 22 is pivotally attached at its lower end to a front sheave bracket 32 by a pin 30, and the same sheave 32 is fixed to the side rails 12 of the chassis frame 10. The upper end of the second sheave link 26 is pivotally attached to a rear sheave bracket 36 by a pin 34, and the second shelter bracket 36 is fixed to the side rail 12 of the chassis frame 10. Therefore, the front end of the main leaf spring 20 has the first
The sprung load of the vehicle body acts in the suspending direction via the sheer link 22, while the sprung load is supported by the rear end of the main leaf spring 20 via the second sheer link 26. It will work in such a manner. Reference numeral 38 denotes a helper leaf spring which is disposed above the main leaf spring 20 and whose front and rear end portions are slidably contacted with the helper stopper 40 mounted on the side rail 12 when the load of the vehicle is equal to or higher than a set load.
【００１０】上記リヤアクスルハウジング１６の車巾方
向両端付近における上側面及び下側面に、図３の要部拡
大側面に良く示されているように、夫々の中央部分に半
径Ｒ１及びＲ１′の球面からなる突起４２ａ及び４２ｂ
を具えた第１のシート部材４４ａ及び４４ｂが当接され
ている。上方の第１シート部材４４ａ上に、側面形状が
逆Ｕ字状をなす上方の第２シート部材４６ａが装架さ
れ、同第２シート部材４６ａには、上記突起４２ａに当
接する半径Ｒ２の球面からなる凹所４８ａが設けられて
いる。また、下方の第１シート部材４４ｂは、側面形状
がＵ字状をなす下方の第２シート部材４６ｂ上に装架さ
れ、同第２シート部材４６ｂには、上記突起４２ｂ当接
する半径Ｒ２′の球面からなる凹所４８ｂが設けられて
いる。上記突起４２ａ及び４２ｂを形成する球面の半径
Ｒ１及びＲ１′は、加工上の便宜から等しいことが望ま
しいが、勿論設計上の都合で異なる寸度としてもよい。
同様に、上記凹所４８ａ及び４８ｂを形成する球面の半
径Ｒ２及びＲ２′は、加工上等しいことが望ましいが、
設計上の都合で異なる寸度とすることができる。The upper and lower side surfaces of the rear axle housing 16 near both ends in the vehicle width direction have radii R 1 and R 1 ′ at their respective central portions, as well shown in the enlarged side surface of the main part of FIG. Spherical projections 42a and 42b
The first sheet members 44a and 44b having the above are abutted. An upper second sheet member 46a having an inverted U-shaped side surface is mounted on the upper first sheet member 44a, and the second sheet member 46a has a radius R 2 that abuts the protrusion 42a. A recess 48a having a spherical surface is provided. The lower first sheet member 44b is mounted on the lower second sheet member 46b having a U-shaped side surface, and the second sheet member 46b has a radius R 2 ′ that abuts the protrusion 42b. A recess 48b having a spherical surface is provided. It is desirable that the radii R 1 and R 1 ′ of the spherical surfaces forming the protrusions 42 a and 42 b are the same for convenience of processing, but of course the dimensions may be different for design convenience.
Similarly, the radii R 2 and R 2 ′ of the spherical surfaces forming the recesses 48a and 48b are preferably equal in terms of processing, but
The dimensions may be different depending on the design.
【００１１】図示のように、上記第１シート部材４４ａ
及び４４ｂの突起４２ａ及び４２ｂの半径Ｒ１及び
Ｒ１′は、夫々対応する第２シート部材４６ａ及び４６
ｂの凹所４８ａ及び４８ｂの半径Ｒ２及びＲ２′よリ十
分小さく形成されているので、突起４２ａ及び４２ｂは
凹所４８ａ及び４８ｂ内で、幾何学的には点接触、実際
には点接触に近い小さい面積で接触しながら、比較的円
滑に相対変位することができる。また、第１シート部材
４４ａ及び４４ｂ、第２シート部材４６ａ及び４６ｂ
は、高マンガン鋼等耐摩耗性が優れた材料で作られるこ
とが好ましい。As shown, the first sheet member 44a.
And 44b of the projections 42a and 42b have radii R 1 and R 1 ′, respectively, which correspond to the corresponding second sheet members 46a and 46b.
The projections 42a and 42b are geometrically point-contacted in the recesses 48a and 48b, in fact, the points 48a and 48b are smaller than the radii R 2 and R 2 ′ of the recesses 48a and 48b. It is possible to relatively smoothly perform relative displacement while making contact with a small area close to the contact. Also, the first sheet members 44a and 44b, the second sheet members 46a and 46b.
Is preferably made of a material having excellent wear resistance such as high manganese steel.
【００１２】上記第２シート部材４６ａ及び４６ｂの互
に略平行な前後両脚部に、上記メーンリーフスプリング
２０及びヘルパリーフスプリング３８の前後方向中間部
分に配設された前後一対のＵボルト５０を挿通させてナ
ツト５２を締付けることにより、第１シート部材４４ａ
の突起４２ａと、対応する第２シート部材４６ａの凹所
４８ａとの間、及び第１シート部材４４ｂの突起４２ｂ
と、対応する第２シート部材４６ｂの凹所４８ｂとの間
に、夫々がたが生じないように適宜の予圧縮力が負荷さ
れる。（なお、図示の実施例では、後輪懸架用の重ね板
ばね装置が、メーンリーフスプリング２０とヘルパリー
フスプリング３８とから構成されているが、ヘルパリー
フスプリング３８は省略されることもある。）A pair of front and rear U bolts 50 arranged in the front-rear direction intermediate portions of the main leaf spring 20 and the helper leaf spring 38 are inserted into both front and rear legs of the second sheet member 46a and 46b which are substantially parallel to each other. Then, the nut 52 is tightened so that the first sheet member 44a
Between the projection 42a of the second sheet member 46a and the corresponding projection 42b of the first sheet member 44b.
An appropriate precompression force is applied between each of the recesses and the corresponding recess 48b of the second sheet member 46b so as not to cause rattling. (In the illustrated embodiment, the leaf spring device for suspension of the rear wheels is composed of the main leaf spring 20 and the helper leaf spring 38, but the helper leaf spring 38 may be omitted.)
【００１３】上記車台フレーム１０のサイドレール１２
間に、車体前後方向の中心線に沿つて平面形状がＶ字状
をなす上方ラジアスロツド５４が配設され、同ラジアス
ロツドの頂点部はボールジヨイント装置５６（又は同効
のゴムブツシユ式ジヨイント装置）を介して上記リヤア
クスルハウジング１６の中央部分に設けられたデイフア
レンシヤルケース５８の上側に枢着され、また同ロツド
の両脚の自由端部は夫々ボールジヨイント装置６０（又
は同効のゴムブツシユ式ジヨイント装置）を介して上記
車台フレーム１０のサイドレール１２（又はクロスメン
バ１４）に枢着されている。Side rails 12 of the chassis frame 10
An upper radius rod 54 having a V-shaped planar shape is arranged along the center line in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body, and a ball joint device 56 (or a rubber bush type joint device having the same effect) is provided at the apex portion of the radius rod. Through the rear axle housing 16 is pivotally attached to the upper side of a differential case 58 provided in the central portion of the rear axle housing 16, and the free ends of both legs of the rod are respectively connected to a ball joint device 60 (or a rubber bush type joint of the same effect). It is pivotally attached to the side rail 12 (or the cross member 14) of the chassis frame 10 via a device.
【００１４】図２の側面図に良く示されているように、
上記リヤアクスルハウジング１６の車巾方向両端付近の
後方側面にブラケツト６２が溶接等によつて固定され、
同ブラケツト６２にはボールジヨイント装置６４（又は
同効のゴムブツシユ式ジヨイント装置）を介して左右一
対の下方ラジアスロツド６６の一端が枢着されている。
各下方ラジアスロツド６６の他端は、上記サイドレール
１２のウエブ又は側壁に固着されたブラケツト６８にピ
ン７０によつて枢支された作動レバー７２の下端に夫々
ボールジヨイント装置７４（又は同効のゴムブツシユ式
ジヨイント装置）を介し枢着されている。更に、上記作
動レバー７２の上端には、左右一対の後輪操舵アクチユ
エータを形成する油圧シリンダ装置７６のピストン軸７
８がピン８０によつて枢着され、また同油圧シリンダ装
置７６のシリンダ８２はピン８４によつて上記サイドレ
ール１２のウエブ又は側壁に固着されたブラケツト８６
に枢支されている。As best shown in the side view of FIG.
A bracket 62 is fixed to the rear side surface of the rear axle housing 16 near both ends in the vehicle width direction by welding or the like.
One end of a pair of left and right lower radius rods 66 is pivotally attached to the bracket 62 via a ball joint device 64 (or a rubber bush type joint device having the same effect).
The other end of each lower radius rod 66 is connected to the lower end of an actuating lever 72 pivotally supported by a pin 70 on a bracket 68 fixed to the web or side wall of the side rail 12, respectively. It is pivotally attached via a rubber bushing type joint device). Further, at the upper end of the operating lever 72, the piston shaft 7 of the hydraulic cylinder device 76 forming a pair of left and right rear wheel steering actuators.
8 is pivoted by a pin 80, and a cylinder 82 of the hydraulic cylinder device 76 is fixed by a pin 84 to a web or a side wall of the side rail 12 which is a bracket 86.
Is pivoted to.
【００１５】上記ボールジヨイント装置５６、６０、６
４及び７４の具体的構成の一例が図４に例示されてい
る。図中符号８８は相対廻動変位を生起する一方の部材
即ち上記上方ラジアスロツド５４、下方ラジアスロツド
６６、ブラケツト６２又は作動レバー７２に形成された
軸支持部を示し、９０は協働する他方の部材即ち車台フ
レーム１０、リヤアクスルハウジング１６又は下方ラジ
アスロツド６６の球面シート支持部である。上記一方の
部材８８に球面部材９２を具えた軸９４が支持され、ま
た他方の部材９０には、球面部材９２に当接する球面シ
ート９６が支持されている。この構成によつて、一方の
部材８８は他方の部材９０に対して軸９４の軸線に直交
する平面内及び同軸線を含む平面内で夫々自在に廻動す
ることができる。The ball joint devices 56, 60, 6
An example of a specific configuration of 4 and 74 is illustrated in FIG. Reference numeral 88 in the drawing denotes one member that causes relative rotational displacement, that is, the upper radius rod 54, the lower radius rod 66, the bracket 62 or the shaft support portion formed on the actuating lever 72, and 90 the other member that cooperates. It is a spherical seat support portion of the chassis frame 10, the rear axle housing 16 or the lower radius rod 66. A shaft 94 having a spherical member 92 is supported by the one member 88, and a spherical sheet 96 abutting on the spherical member 92 is supported by the other member 90. With this structure, one member 88 can freely rotate with respect to the other member 90 in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the shaft 94 and in a plane including a coaxial line.
【００１６】最後に、図５は前記後輪操舵アクチユエー
タ７６の作動を制御する装置の概念的構成図である。図
中符号９８はステアリングシヤフト１００に介装されて
操舵角を検出する例えば光パルス非接触型の操舵角セン
サ、１０２は車速センサ、１０４はヨーレートセンサ、
１０６は操舵角センサ９８の操舵角信号と車速センサ１
０２の車速信号とヨーレートセンサ１０４の回頭信号と
を受容して後輪操舵アクチユエータ７６を作動させる制
御弁１０８を制御するコントローラ、１１０は油圧ポン
プである。車両が高速走行しているときに、ステアリン
グホイール１１２が操作され前輪１１４が操向される
と、操舵角センサ９８の操舵角信号と車速センサ１０２
の車速信号とヨーレートセンサ１０４の回頭信号とを受
容したコントローラ１０６が制御弁１０８に駆動信号を
発して同制御弁が作動される。制御弁１０８の作動によ
り油圧ポンプ１１０から吐出された高圧の作動油が一対
の後輪操舵アクチユエータ７６に供給され、同アクチユ
エータ７６が左右反対方向即ち左右何れか一方のアクチ
ユエータが伸長すると他方のアクチユエータが収縮する
ように作動する。Finally, FIG. 5 is a conceptual block diagram of an apparatus for controlling the operation of the rear wheel steering actuator 76. In the figure, reference numeral 98 is, for example, a light pulse non-contact type steering angle sensor mounted on the steering shaft 100 to detect a steering angle, 102 is a vehicle speed sensor, 104 is a yaw rate sensor,
Reference numeral 106 denotes a steering angle signal from the steering angle sensor 98 and the vehicle speed sensor 1
The controller 110 controls the control valve 108 that receives the vehicle speed signal 02 and the turning signal of the yaw rate sensor 104 to operate the rear wheel steering actuator 76, and 110 is a hydraulic pump. When the steering wheel 112 is operated and the front wheels 114 are steered while the vehicle is traveling at a high speed, the steering angle signal from the steering angle sensor 98 and the vehicle speed sensor 102.
The controller 106, which has received the vehicle speed signal and the turning signal of the yaw rate sensor 104, issues a drive signal to the control valve 108 to operate the control valve. The high-pressure hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 110 by the operation of the control valve 108 is supplied to the pair of rear wheel steering actuators 76, and when the actuators 76 extend in opposite directions, that is, one of the left and right actuators expands the other actuator. Operates to contract.
【００１７】車両の高速走行時の操縦安定性を向上する
ことを目的として後輪を操舵する場合、通常は前輪１１
４の操舵方向と同方向に後輪１８が僅少舵角例えば１〜
５度程度操舵される。しかし、前輪１１４の操舵に関連
して、最初前輪１１４の操舵方向と逆方向に後輪１８を
僅かな角度操舵し、瞬時ののち、後輪１８を前輪１１４
の操舵方向と同方向に僅少角度操舵する、等他の後輪操
舵システムを採用することも可能である。When the rear wheels are steered for the purpose of improving the steering stability when the vehicle is traveling at high speed, the front wheels 11 are usually used.
The rear wheel 18 has a small steering angle in the same direction as the steering direction of 4
Steer about 5 degrees. However, in relation to the steering of the front wheels 114, first, the rear wheels 18 are steered by a slight angle in the direction opposite to the steering direction of the front wheels 114, and after a moment, the rear wheels 18 are moved.
It is also possible to employ another rear wheel steering system, such as steering at a slight angle in the same direction as the steering direction of.
【００１８】車両の高速走行中に前輪１１４が操舵され
ると、前述したようにコントローラ１０６の指令により
制御弁１０８が作動して、一対の後輪操舵アクチユエー
タ７６が互いに反対方向に作動する。各アクチユエータ
のピストン軸７８に夫々の一端を連結された作動レバー
７２が互いに反対方向に廻動し、一方の作動レバー７２
の他端に連結された下方ラジアスロツド６６は車体前方
に駆動され、他方の作動レバー７２の他端に連結された
下方ラジアスロツド６６は車体後方に駆動される。この
結果、リヤアクスルハウジング１６はＶ字状をなす上方
ラジアスロツド５４の頂点の周りに設定舵角例えば１度
だけ左右何れかの方向に廻動し操舵されることとなり、
技術上良く知られた態様で高速走行時の操縦安定性が改
善される。When the front wheels 114 are steered while the vehicle is traveling at a high speed, the control valve 108 is operated by the command of the controller 106 as described above, and the pair of rear wheel steering actuators 76 are operated in mutually opposite directions. The actuating levers 72 each having one end connected to the piston shaft 78 of each actuator rotate in opposite directions to each other, so that one actuating lever 72
The lower radius rod 66 connected to the other end of the drive lever is driven forward of the vehicle body, and the lower radius rod 66 connected to the other end of the other operating lever 72 is driven rearward of the vehicle body. As a result, the rear axle housing 16 is turned around the apex of the V-shaped upper radius rod 54 by a set steering angle, for example, one degree, and is steered in either the left or right direction.
Maneuvering stability at high speeds is improved in a manner well known in the art.
【００１９】上記リヤアクスルハウジング１６の転舵に
際して、同リヤアクスルハウジングの車巾方向両端付近
と重ね板ばね装置２０及び３８との間に介装された上方
の第１シート部材４４ａと第２シート部材４６ａとの
間、及び下方の第１シート部材４４ｂと第２シート部材
４６ｂとの間で、夫々球面Ｒ１、Ｒ１′からなる突起４
２ａ、４２ｂと、同突起の球面の半径より大きい球面Ｒ
２、Ｒ２′からなる凹所４８ａ、４８ｂとの間で、車体
前後方向及び車巾方向の円滑な相対変位が生起される。When the rear axle housing 16 is steered, the upper first seat member 44a and the second seat member 46a are interposed between both ends of the rear axle housing in the vehicle width direction and the leaf spring devices 20 and 38. And between the lower first sheet member 44b and the second sheet member 46b, the projections 4 are spherical surfaces R 1 and R 1 ′, respectively.
2a, 42b and a spherical surface R larger than the radius of the spherical surface of the projection
A smooth relative displacement in the vehicle front-rear direction and the vehicle width direction is generated between the recesses 48a and 48b formed of 2 and R 2 ′.
【００２０】上記本発明の構成によれば、後輪操舵アク
チユエータ７６が、前記既提案の装置のように、走行中
の衝撃的変位が激しいリヤアクスルハウジング１６に装
着されず、遥かに振動が少ない車台フレーム１０に支持
されているので、衝撃によるアクチユエータ７６の早期
破損が防止され、耐久性及び信頼性が改善される。According to the above-mentioned structure of the present invention, the rear wheel steering actuator 76 is not mounted on the rear axle housing 16 which is subject to a severe shock displacement during traveling unlike the previously proposed device, and the chassis with much less vibration. Since it is supported by the frame 10, early damage of the actuator 76 due to impact is prevented, and durability and reliability are improved.
【００２１】また、上記後輪操舵時における重ね板ばね
装置２０及び３８とリヤアクスルハウジング１６との間
の相対回転変位が、第１シート部材４４ａ、４４ｂの突
起４２ａ、４２ｂと第２シート部材４６ａ、４６ｂの凹
所４８ａ、４８ｂとの点接触又はこれに近い小さい接触
面を介して行なわれるので、前記既提案の装置のよう
に、後輪操舵に際し広い面積の円筒面において相対摺動
が行なわれる装置と較べて、構造極めて簡単で製造コス
トが安い利点があり、更に走行中に侵入する砂や泥によ
る摩擦抵抗の増大が少なく、従つて後輪操舵アクチユエ
ータ７６及び関連する油圧制御弁及び油圧源の容量を低
減し、これらの重量及び価格を低減し得る利点がある。Further, the relative rotational displacement between the leaf spring devices 20 and 38 and the rear axle housing 16 at the time of steering the rear wheels is caused by the protrusions 42a and 42b of the first seat members 44a and 44b and the second seat member 46a. Since the contact is made through the point contact with the recesses 48a, 48b of 46b or a small contact surface close thereto, relative sliding is performed on the cylindrical surface of a large area when steering the rear wheels as in the previously proposed device. Compared with the device, it has the advantages of extremely simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and the increase of frictional resistance due to sand and mud invading during traveling is small. Therefore, the rear wheel steering actuator 76 and related hydraulic control valve and hydraulic source are provided. There is an advantage that it can reduce the capacity and reduce their weight and price.
【００２２】また、車両の直進中及び操舵時の旋回走行
中の車台フレーム１０に対するリヤアクスルハウジング
１６の上下運動は、勿論重ね板ばね装置２０及び３８が
荷重を受ける形で行なわれ、このときリヤアクスルハウ
ジング１６は上方ラジアスロツド５４及び下方ラジアス
ロツド６６により上下に平行リンク運動を行なう。更
に、上方ラジアスロツド５４がボールジヨイント装置５
６及び６０（又は同効のゴムブツシユ式ジヨイント装
置）によつてリヤアクスルハウジング１６及び車台フレ
ーム１０に枢着され、また下方ラジアスロツド６６が同
様のボールジヨイント装置６４及び７４（又は同効のゴ
ムブツシユ式ジヨイント装置）によつてリヤアクスルハ
ウジング１６に枢着されているので、凹凸路の走行又は
旋回走行時にリヤアクスルハウジング１６が左右に傾動
し又はロール変位を生起しても、その変位が妨げられる
ことはない。Further, the vertical movement of the rear axle housing 16 with respect to the chassis frame 10 during the straight traveling of the vehicle and the turning traveling during steering is, of course, performed such that the leaf spring devices 20 and 38 receive the load. The upper and lower radiating rods 54 and 66 carry out a parallel link movement in the vertical direction. Further, the upper radius slot 54 is connected to the ball joint device 5.
6 and 60 (or a rubber bushing type joint device having the same effect), which are pivotally attached to the rear axle housing 16 and the chassis frame 10, and a lower radius rod 66 has a similar ball joint device 64 and 74 (or a rubber bushing type join device having the same effect). Since the rear axle housing 16 is pivotally attached to the rear axle housing 16 by means of a device, even if the rear axle housing 16 tilts to the left or right or causes roll displacement when traveling or turning on a bumpy road, the displacement is not hindered.
【００２３】更に、この実施例の場合、車両のばね上荷
重が、メーンリーフスプリング２０の前端部では、第１
シヤツクルリンク２２を介して吊下げ方向に作用し、後
端部では、第２シヤツクルリンク２６を介して下支え方
向に作用するように配設されているので、上記操舵に際
して、ばね上荷重がリヤアクスルハウジング１６を中立
位置に戻すように働くこととなり、舵角の保持が容易に
なる付随的な利点がある。Further, in the case of this embodiment, the sprung load of the vehicle is the first at the front end of the main leaf spring 20.
Since it is arranged so as to act in the suspending direction via the sheer link 22 and to act in the lower supporting direction via the second sheer link 26 at the rear end, the sprung load is applied during the steering operation. This works to return the rear axle housing 16 to the neutral position, and there is an additional advantage that the steering angle can be easily maintained.
【００２４】なお、上記実施例では、後車軸が１軸の車
両が例示されているが、後２軸の車両の場合、後前軸及
び後後軸の双方に上記と全く同様の後輪操舵装置が設け
られる。また、後２軸車では、しばしば後軸の一方は駆
動力を伝達しないデツドアクスルとして構成されるが、
操舵装置それ自体は例示した駆動輪の場合と実質的に同
等である。In the above embodiment, a vehicle having a single rear axle is illustrated. However, in the case of a vehicle having two rear axles, the same rear wheel steering is performed on both the rear front axle and the rear rear axle. A device is provided. Also, in a rear two-axle vehicle, one of the rear axles is often configured as a dead axle that does not transmit driving force.
The steering device itself is substantially the same as the case of the exemplified drive wheels.
【００２５】なおまた、上記実施例では、後輪操舵アク
チユエータ７６として油圧シリンダ装置が例示されてい
るが、ラツク・ピニオン式アクチユエータ、ねじ・ナツ
ト式アクチユエータ等適宜のアクチユエータを採用する
ことができる。更に、上記実施例では、後輪操舵アクチ
ユエータ７６によつてリヤアクスルハウジング１６にボ
ールジヨイント装置５６の周りに廻動変位を生起させる
ように構成されているが、後輪操舵アクチユエータ７６
によつて左右の重ね板ばね装置を前後逆方向に駆動し、
同重ね板ばね装置を介してリヤアクスルハウジング１６
をボールジヨイント装置５６の周りに廻動させるように
変更することができる。In the above embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder device is illustrated as the rear wheel steering actuator 76, but a suitable actuator such as a rack / pinion type actuator or a screw / nut type actuator can be used. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the rear wheel steering actuator 76 is configured to cause the rear axle housing 16 to make a rotational displacement around the ball joint device 56.
Drive the left and right leaf spring devices in the front-back direction,
Rear axle housing 16 via the leaf spring device
Can be modified to rotate around the ball joint device 56.
【００２６】更に、上記実施例において、下方の第１シ
ート部材４４ｂに半径Ｒ２′の球面からなる凹所４８ｂ
を設けると共に、協働する第２シート部材４６ｂに上記
凹所４８ｂ内に係合される半径Ｒ１′の球面からなる突
起４２ｂを設ける変更を加えることによつて、砂利や泥
による突起４２ｂと凹所４８ｂとの接触面の摩擦抵抗を
一層低減し、かつ摩耗を防止することができる利点があ
る。Further, in the above embodiment, the lower first sheet member 44b has a recess 48b formed of a spherical surface having a radius R 2 ′.
And a projection 42b made of a spherical surface having a radius R 1 'which is engaged in the recess 48b is provided on the cooperating second sheet member 46b. There is an advantage that the frictional resistance of the contact surface with the recess 48b can be further reduced and the wear can be prevented.
【００２７】叙上のように、本発明に係るトラツク等の
後輪操舵装置は、車台フレーム、車巾方向の両端部に後
輪を支持したリヤアクスルハウジング、同リヤアクスル
ハウジングと上記車台フレームとの間に介装された重ね
板ばね装置、車体前後方向中心線に沿つて配設されその
一端部を上記リヤアクスルハウジングの車巾方向中央部
分に枢着されると共に他端部を上記車台フレームに夫々
枢着された上方ラジアスロツド、車体の前後方向中心線
の両側に略対称的に配設され夫々の一端を上記リヤアク
スルハウジングに枢着された左右一対の下方ラジアスロ
ツド、及び同下方ラジアスロツドの他端に夫々連結さ
れ、高速走行時における車両の操舵に応動して左右の下
方ラジアスロツドを前後反対方向に駆動し上記リヤアク
スルハウジングを上記上方ラジアスロツドの一端部枢着
点の周りに廻動させ転舵させる後輪操舵アクチユエータ
を具えてなり、上記重ね板ばね装置が、その車体前後方
向の中間部分を、上記リヤアクスルハウジングの上側面
及び下側面に夫々当接する第１のシート部材と、Ｕボル
ト等の緊締部材により上記重ね板ばね装置に締結されて
上記第１シート部材に当接される第２のシート部材とを
介し上記リヤアクスルハウジングに連結され、更に上記
第１及び第２シート部材が、何れか一方のシート部材に
形成された球面からなる突起を、他方のシート部材に形
成され上記突起の半径より大きい半径の球面からなる凹
所内に係合させることによつて、上記リヤアクスルハウ
ジングの転舵時に車体前後方向及び車巾方向に相対変位
可能に当接連結されていることを特徴とし、剛性のリヤ
アクスルハウジングを具えたトラツク等の高速走行時に
おける操縦安定性を向上し得る構造簡単かつ小型軽量
で、製造コストが安く、しかも耐久性が優れた構成を提
供することができるので、産業上有益である。As described above, the rear wheel steering system according to the present invention includes a chassis frame, a rear axle housing that supports rear wheels at both ends in the vehicle width direction, and between the rear axle housing and the chassis frame. A leaf spring device disposed along the center line in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, one end of which is pivotally attached to the central portion of the rear axle housing in the vehicle width direction and the other end of which is pivotally attached to the chassis frame. Mounted upper radius rods, one end of each of which is arranged substantially symmetrically on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the vehicle body, and one end of each is connected to the other end of the pair of left and right lower radius rods pivotally attached to the rear axle housing and the other end of the lower radius rods. In response to the steering of the vehicle at high speed, the left and right lower radius rods are driven in the opposite directions to move the rear axle housing up. The rear wheel steering actuator comprises a rear wheel steering actuator for turning and turning around one end pivot point of the upper radius rod. To the rear axle housing via a first seat member that abuts against the side surface and a second seat member that is fastened to the leaf spring device by a tightening member such as a U bolt and abuts the first seat member. In a recess formed by connecting the first and second sheet members with a spherical projection formed on one of the sheet members and a spherical surface with a radius larger than the radius of the projection formed on the other sheet member. By engaging with the rear axle housing, the rear axle housing is abutted and coupled so as to be relatively displaceable in the vehicle front-rear direction and the vehicle width direction at the time of steering. However, a structure with a rigid rear axle housing that can improve steering stability during high-speed traveling such as a truck is simple, small and lightweight, and can be manufactured at a low cost and with excellent durability. Industrially beneficial.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す要部平面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view of an essential part showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１に示した後輪操舵装置の側面図である。FIG. 2 is a side view of the rear wheel steering system shown in FIG.
【図３】図２におけるメーンリーフスプリングとリヤア
クスルハウジングとの連結部分を拡大して一部を切載し
て示した要部拡大側面図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of an essential part of the connecting portion between the main leaf spring and the rear axle housing shown in FIG. 2 in an enlarged manner.
【図４】図１及び図２におけるボールジヨイント装置の
具体的構造を示した断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a specific structure of the ball joint device in FIGS. 1 and 2.
【図５】図１における後輪操舵アクチユエータの作動制
御装置の概略構成図である。5 is a schematic configuration diagram of an operation control device of the rear wheel steering actuator in FIG.
１０…車台フレーム、１２…サイドレール、１６…リヤ
アクスルハウジング、２０…メーンリーフスプリング
（重ね板ばね装置）、４４ａ及び４４ｂ…第１シート部
材、４６ａ及び４６ｂ…第２シート部材、５４…上方ラ
ジアスロツド、６６…下方ラジアスロツド、７６…後輪
操舵アクチユエータ。10 ... Chassis frame, 12 ... Side rails, 16 ... Rear axle housing, 20 ... Main leaf springs (lap spring device), 44a and 44b ... First seat member, 46a and 46b ... Second seat member, 54 ... Upper radius rod, 66 ... Lower radius rod, 76 ... Rear wheel steering actuator.
Claims (1)
を支持したリヤアクスルハウジング、同リヤアクスルハ
ウジングと上記車台フレームとの間に介装された重ね板
ばね装置、車体前後方向中心線に沿つて配設されその一
端部を上記リヤアクスルハウジングの車巾方向中央部分
に枢着されると共に他端部を上記車台フレームに夫々枢
着された上方ラジアスロツド、車体の前後方向中心線の
両側に略対称的に配設され夫々の一端を上記リヤアクス
ルハウジングに枢着された左右一対の下方ラジアスロツ
ド、及び同下方ラジアスロツドの他端に夫々連結され、
高速走行時における車両の操舵に応動して左右の下方ラ
ジアスロツドを前後反対方向に駆動し上記リヤアクスル
ハウジングを上記上方ラジアスロツドの一端部枢着点の
周りに廻動させ転舵させる後輪操舵アクチユエータを具
えてなり、上記重ね板ばね装置が、その車体前後方向の
中間部分を、上記リヤアクスルハウジングの上側面及び
下側面に夫々当接する第１のシート部材と、Ｕボルト等
の緊締部材により上記重ね板ばね装置に締結されて上記
第１シート部材に当接される第２のシート部材とを介し
上記リヤアクスルハウジングに連結され、更に上記第１
及び第２シート部材が、何れか一方のシート部材に形成
された球面からなる突起を、他方のシート部材に形成さ
れ上記突起の半径より大きい半径の球面からなる凹所内
に係合させることによつて、上記リヤアクスルハウジン
グの転舵時に車体前後方向及び車巾方向に相対変位可能
に当接連結されていることを特徴とするトラツク等の後
輪操舵装置。1. A chassis frame, a rear axle housing that supports rear wheels at both ends in the vehicle width direction, a leaf spring device interposed between the rear axle housing and the chassis frame, and a longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body. Upper radius rods, one end of which is pivotally attached to the central portion of the rear axle housing in the vehicle width direction and the other end of which is pivotally attached to the chassis frame, respectively, and is substantially symmetrical on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body. And one end of each of the left and right lower radius rods pivotally attached to the rear axle housing, and the other ends of the lower radius rods are respectively connected,
In response to steering of the vehicle at high speed, the left and right lower radius rods are driven in opposite front and rear directions to rotate the rear axle housing around one end pivot point of the upper radius rod and steer the rear wheel steering actuator. In addition, in the leaf spring device, the first leaf member that abuts the intermediate portion in the vehicle front-rear direction with the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the rear axle housing, respectively, and the leaf spring with the tightening member such as a U bolt. A second seat member that is fastened to the device and abuts against the first seat member, and is connected to the rear axle housing;
And the second sheet member engages a projection formed of a spherical surface on one of the sheet members with a recess formed of a spherical surface formed on the other sheet member and having a radius larger than the radius of the projection. A rear wheel steering device such as a truck, which is abuttingly connected so as to be relatively displaceable in a vehicle longitudinal direction and a vehicle width direction when the rear axle housing is steered.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10834592A JPH05262256A (en) | 1992-03-17 | 1992-03-17 | Rear wheel steering device for truck and the like |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10834592A JPH05262256A (en) | 1992-03-17 | 1992-03-17 | Rear wheel steering device for truck and the like |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05262256A true JPH05262256A (en) | 1993-10-12 |
Family
ID=14482347
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10834592A Withdrawn JPH05262256A (en) | 1992-03-17 | 1992-03-17 | Rear wheel steering device for truck and the like |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05262256A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009113692A (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-28 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Rear axle adjustment mechanism for vehicle |
-
1992
- 1992-03-17 JP JP10834592A patent/JPH05262256A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009113692A (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-28 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Rear axle adjustment mechanism for vehicle |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 19990518 |