JPH021880A - Electrostatic charge image developing carrier - Google Patents
Electrostatic charge image developing carrierInfo
- Publication number
- JPH021880A JPH021880A JP63144195A JP14419588A JPH021880A JP H021880 A JPH021880 A JP H021880A JP 63144195 A JP63144195 A JP 63144195A JP 14419588 A JP14419588 A JP 14419588A JP H021880 A JPH021880 A JP H021880A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carrier
- charge
- whiskers
- coat layer
- toner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical group COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynevanadium Chemical compound [V]#N SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012461 cellulose resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
- G03G9/113—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles having coatings applied thereto
- G03G9/1139—Inorganic components of coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
- G03G9/113—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles having coatings applied thereto
- G03G9/1131—Coating methods; Structure of coatings
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、電子写真、静電記録および静電印刷における
静電潜像を現像するための現像剤用キャリアに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carrier for a developer for developing electrostatic latent images in electrophotography, electrostatic recording and electrostatic printing.
特に、電子写真方式の複写機あるいはプリンターの現像
剤用キャリアに関する。In particular, the present invention relates to a developer carrier for electrophotographic copying machines or printers.
従来の技術
電子写真方式の複写機、プリンターにより画像を得るに
は、画像担体である感光体の表面に形成された静電潜像
をトナーを含む現像剤を用いて現象(可視像化)し、得
られたトナー酸を紙などの転写材へ転写する。Conventional Technology To obtain an image using an electrophotographic copying machine or printer, an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of a photoreceptor, which is an image carrier, is visualized using a developer containing toner. Then, the obtained toner acid is transferred to a transfer material such as paper.
かかる現像剤のうち絶縁性非磁性トナーおよび磁性キャ
リアからなる二成分系現像剤、あるいは磁性トナーおよ
び磁性キャリアからなる二成分系現像剤を用いる現象は
、トナーと鉄粉等のキャリアとの摩擦帯電によって発生
ずる電荷を利用する現象方式である。すなわち、磁性を
有4゛るキャリア粒子の磁気ブラシを磁石内蔵の現象ス
リーブ表面に形成してトナーを撹拌しながら現象領域に
搬送し、帯電l・ナーを感光体表面上に形成された反対
の荷電を有する静71 /Pi像に接触、移行させて現
像する方法である。Among these developers, a two-component developer consisting of an insulating non-magnetic toner and a magnetic carrier, or a two-component developer consisting of a magnetic toner and a magnetic carrier is used, and the phenomenon occurs due to frictional electrification between the toner and a carrier such as iron powder. This is a phenomenon method that utilizes the electric charge generated by That is, a magnetic brush of magnetic carrier particles is formed on the surface of a phenomenon sleeve containing a magnet, and the toner is conveyed to the phenomenon area while stirring, and the charged l.toner is transferred to the opposite side formed on the surface of the photoreceptor. This is a method of developing by contacting and transferring a static 71 /Pi image having a charge.
このような二成分系現像剤に用いられる通常のキャリア
は、体積固有電気抵抗か低い(106Ωcm以下)ため
、特に現像剤中のトナー濃度か低下した場合、静電I?
!を像担体(感光体)上の電荷がキャリアを通って逃げ
潜像の乱れあるいは画像欠損を生ずる。よだ、現像スリ
ーブからキャリアへの注入電荷により、キャリアが感光
体の画像部に磁石するという問題らある。さら1こ、か
かるキャリアは粒子の硬度が高く、感光体表面に何首す
ると、ブレードクリーナ等による清掃時に感光跡の表面
を傷付ける。Ordinary carriers used in such two-component developers have low volume specific electrical resistance (106 Ωcm or less), so especially when the toner concentration in the developer decreases, the electrostatic I?
! Charges on the image carrier (photoreceptor) escape through the carrier, causing disturbances in the latent image or image defects. However, there is another problem in that the charge injected from the developing sleeve into the carrier causes the carrier to become magnetized to the image area of the photoreceptor. Furthermore, particles of such a carrier have high hardness, and if the carrier is placed on the surface of a photoreceptor, it will damage the surface of the photoreceptor during cleaning with a blade cleaner or the like.
このような鉄粉等、磁性体単体からなるギヤリアの問題
点を解決する手段として、磁性体粒子の表面を樹脂で被
覆したコーティングキャリアも提案されている。A coated carrier in which the surface of magnetic particles is coated with a resin has also been proposed as a means to solve the problems of gears made of a single magnetic material such as iron powder.
発明が解決しようとする課題
しかしながら、従来のコーティングキャリアでは、粒子
表面が樹脂で完全に被覆されているため、粒子表面に電
荷が蓄積し、画像のコントロールか困難となる。また帯
電性か非常に不安定で、)夏写の繰り返しにより帯電量
が増加し、所定の画像0度が得られない。また、現象時
広い面積にわたって−様な黒地画像を得るには、外部よ
りバイアス電圧を印加し、画質をコントロールする必要
があるが、従来のコーティングギヤリアは表面に全く導
電性がなく、バイアス電界か有効に印加できない。さら
に、初期の帯電の立ち上がりも遅い。Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in conventional coated carriers, the particle surfaces are completely coated with resin, which causes charge to accumulate on the particle surfaces, making it difficult to control the image. In addition, the charging property is very unstable, and the amount of charging increases with repeated summer photography, making it impossible to obtain a desired 0 degree image. In addition, in order to obtain a dark-like black background image over a wide area during the phenomenon, it is necessary to apply a bias voltage from the outside to control the image quality. or cannot be applied effectively. Furthermore, the initial charge build-up is also slow.
本発明は、全体としては電気抵抗が大きく、かつ部分的
には導電性を有し、速やかな帯電の立ち−1−かりおよ
び安定した帯電性を確保し得る静電潜(象現(主11ギ
、トリアを提IJ1することを目的とする。The present invention has a large electric resistance as a whole, and is partially conductive, and has an electrostatic latent (quadrant) that can ensure rapid charging and stable charging. The purpose of this study is to present IJ1 information on Gi and Tria.
1哨頌−全部(決するための手段
4゛なイつら、本発明は磁性体からなる芯(4、該芯材
の表面を被覆ずろ樹脂コート層、および該樹脂コート層
の表面部分に固着した非絶縁性ウィスカーからなること
を特徴とする静電荷像現像用キャリアを提供する乙ので
ある。1.Meanings for Deciding All (4)The present invention provides a core made of a magnetic material (4, a resin coating layer covering the surface of the core material, and a resin coating layer fixed to the surface portion of the resin coating layer). The present invention provides a carrier for developing electrostatic images characterized by comprising non-insulating whiskers.
本発明のキャリアは、全体としては電気抵抗が大きく、
部分的には導電性を有する。The carrier of the present invention has high electrical resistance as a whole,
Parts are electrically conductive.
かかる本発明キャリアにおいて芯材として用いられる磁
性体、およびそのコーティングに用いられろ樹脂は、従
来公知のコーティングキャリアに用いられているらのが
いずれら用いられてよい。The magnetic material used as the core material in the carrier of the present invention and the filter resin used in the coating thereof may be any of those used in conventionally known coated carriers.
本発明のキャリアの芯材として用いられる磁性材料とし
ては、例えば、鉄、ニッケル、コバルト等の金属、これ
ら金属と亜鉛、アンチモン、アルミニウム、鉛、スズ、
ビスマス、ヘリリウム、マンガン、セレン、タングステ
ン、ジルコニウム、バナジウム等の金属との合金あるい
は混合物、酸化鉄、酸化チタン、酸化マグネシウム等の
金属酸化物、窒化クロム、窒化バナジウム等の窒化物、
炭化ケイ素、炭化タングステン等の炭化物との混合物お
よび強磁性フェライト、マグネタイト、並びにこれらの
混合物等が挙げられる。Examples of magnetic materials used as the core material of the carrier of the present invention include metals such as iron, nickel, and cobalt, and these metals and zinc, antimony, aluminum, lead, tin,
Alloys or mixtures with metals such as bismuth, helium, manganese, selenium, tungsten, zirconium, and vanadium; metal oxides such as iron oxide, titanium oxide, and magnesium oxide; nitrides such as chromium nitride and vanadium nitride;
Examples include mixtures with carbides such as silicon carbide and tungsten carbide, ferromagnetic ferrite, magnetite, and mixtures thereof.
また、これらの磁性体をコートキャリアの芯材として使
用する場合、その粒径としては20〜100μm、好ま
しくは30〜80μmの範囲にあることが望ましい。キ
ャリア芯材の粒径が20μmよりも小さいと、該キャリ
アを用いての現象時ギヤリアカブリが発生しやすく、ま
た芯材の粒子径が100μmより大きいと、このような
ギヤリアを用いて得られた画像の品位が著しく低下する
。Further, when these magnetic substances are used as a core material of a coated carrier, the particle size thereof is desirably in the range of 20 to 100 μm, preferably 30 to 80 μm. If the particle size of the carrier core material is smaller than 20 μm, gear rear fog is likely to occur during phenomena using the carrier, and if the particle size of the core material is larger than 100 μm, images obtained using such a gear The quality of the product deteriorates significantly.
つぎに、本発明キャリアの樹脂コート層に用いられる樹
脂としては、公知のコーティングキャリアのコーティン
グ樹脂として用いられていた熱可塑性の樹脂などがいず
れら用いことができる。すなわち、カルボキンル基、水
酸基、グリシジル基、アミノ基などの極性基を有するア
クリル系樹脂、例えばメタクリル酸、アクリル酸、マレ
イン酸、イタコン酸なとのアクリル酸系モノマー;ノメ
チルアミノエチルメタクリレートなどアミノ基を存する
モノマー、グリシジルメタクリレートなどをアクリル酸
低級アルキルエステルおよび/またはスチレンと共!■
合さけたらのを挙げることかできる。Next, as the resin used for the resin coating layer of the carrier of the present invention, any thermoplastic resin that has been used as a coating resin of a known coating carrier can be used. That is, acrylic resins having polar groups such as carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, glycidyl groups, and amino groups; acrylic acid monomers such as methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, maleic acid, and itaconic acid; amino groups such as nomethylaminoethyl methacrylate; monomers such as glycidyl methacrylate with lower alkyl acrylic esters and/or styrene! ■
I can name a combination of them.
また、ポリエステル樹脂、例えばエチレングリコール、
トリエチレングリコール、ノカルボン酸、たとえばマレ
イン酸、イタコン酸、マロン酸などを縮合させて得られ
るポリエステル樹脂、さらにエボキソ樹脂等の熱可塑性
樹脂を挙げることができろ。これらの樹脂は粘度を調整
するために3次元架橋を施してムよい。Also, polyester resins such as ethylene glycol,
Examples include polyester resins obtained by condensing triethylene glycol and nocarboxylic acids such as maleic acid, itaconic acid, and malonic acid, as well as thermoplastic resins such as eboxo resins. These resins may be three-dimensionally crosslinked to adjust their viscosity.
さらに、コート用樹脂としては、上記樹脂以外にビニル
系樹脂、ロジン変成フェノール−ホルマリン樹脂、セル
ロース樹脂、ポリエーテル樹脂、ノリコーン樹脂、フッ
素樹脂等を用いてもよい。Further, as the coating resin, in addition to the above-mentioned resins, vinyl resins, rosin-modified phenol-formalin resins, cellulose resins, polyether resins, noricone resins, fluororesins, etc. may be used.
磁性体芯打上に形成される樹脂層の平均膜厚は05〜5
μR1好ましくは3〜5μ肩である。The average thickness of the resin layer formed on the magnetic core is 0.5-5.
μR1 is preferably 3 to 5μ.
膜厚が5μmを越えるものは製造が困難であり、また膜
厚0.5μm未満ではウィスカーがキャリア表面に固着
せず耐刷時にウィスカーの剥離などを生じる。If the film thickness exceeds 5 μm, it is difficult to manufacture, and if the film thickness is less than 0.5 μm, the whiskers will not adhere to the carrier surface, resulting in peeling of the whiskers during printing.
さらに、これらコーティング樹脂の・表面部に固着され
るウィスカーは、各種の非絶縁性(導電性または半導電
性)ウィスカーが用いられる。かかるウィスカーとして
は、例えばK 20・n T io 1−x、5iNS
SiCなどの構造を存する電気抵抗10−’〜108Ω
cm、好ましくは1〜104Ωcmのものか用いられる
。電気抵抗が10−2Ωcmより小さいと帯電の立ち上
がりが悪く、一方、10’Ωcmを上回ると耐刷時の帯
電安定性が低下する。かかる市販のウィスカーとしては
、デントール)3におよびWKンリーズ(大塚化学(株
)製)あるいは東海カーボン(株)等により市販のむの
などが例示される。Furthermore, various non-insulating (conductive or semi-conductive) whiskers are used as the whiskers fixed to the surface of the coating resin. Such whiskers include, for example, K 20·n T io 1-x, 5iNS
Electrical resistance 10-' to 108Ω with structure such as SiC
cm, preferably 1 to 10 4 Ωcm. If the electrical resistance is less than 10<-2 >[Omega]cm, the rise of charging will be poor, while if it exceeds 10'[Omega]cm, the charging stability during printing will be reduced. Examples of such commercially available whiskers include Dentol) 3, WK Nries (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.), Muno commercially available from Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd., and the like.
また、該ウィスカーの繊維長は1〜10μm1好ましく
は1〜5μ次である。繊維長が1μ肩より短いとキャリ
ア表面に部分的導電性を付与するための必要量が多くな
りすぎキャリア全体の電気抵抗が低くなる。一方、繊維
長が10μ肩よりも長いとキャリア表面からのウィスカ
ーの突出割合か多くなり、感光体に傷をっけたり、トナ
ーの消費111の増大を招く。また、ウィスカーの繊維
径は01〜1μi+ 、好ましくは0.2〜05μ肩で
ある。Further, the fiber length of the whisker is 1 to 10 μm, preferably 1 to 5 μm. If the fiber length is shorter than 1 μm, the amount required to impart partial conductivity to the carrier surface becomes too large and the electrical resistance of the entire carrier becomes low. On the other hand, if the fiber length is longer than 10 μm, the proportion of whiskers protruding from the carrier surface will increase, causing scratches on the photoreceptor and increased toner consumption 111. Further, the fiber diameter of the whisker is 01 to 1 μi+, preferably 0.2 to 05 μi.
該ウィスカーの固着量は、キャリア芯材100重電部に
対して01〜20重量部、好ましくは0.5〜8重量部
である。ウィスカーの量がこの範囲より少ないと、キャ
リア表面の部分的導電性が得られず、一方この範囲より
多いと、キャリア全体の電気抵抗値が低下し、また、キ
ャリア表面に固定化されないウィスカーが存在するよう
になり、問題となる。The amount of the whiskers fixed is 01 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 8 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the carrier core material. If the amount of whiskers is less than this range, partial conductivity on the carrier surface cannot be obtained, while if it is more than this range, the electrical resistance value of the entire carrier decreases, and there are whiskers that are not immobilized on the carrier surface. This becomes a problem.
なお、従来のコーティングキャリアでは、粒子表面が樹
脂で完全に肢覆されているため、粒子表面に電荷か蓄積
し、画像のコントロールが困難となる。また帯電性が非
常に不安定で、複写の繰り返しにより帯電fnが増加し
、所定の画像濃度が得られなかった。また、現像時広い
面積にイったって−様な黒地画像を得るには、外部より
バイアス電圧を印加し、画質をコントロールする必要が
あるが、従来のコーティングキャリアは表面に全く導電
性がなく、バイアス電界が有効に印加できない。In addition, in conventional coated carriers, the particle surface is completely covered with resin, which causes charge to accumulate on the particle surface, making it difficult to control the image. Furthermore, the charging property was very unstable, and the charging fn increased with repeated copying, making it impossible to obtain a predetermined image density. In addition, in order to obtain a black-backed image over a wide area during development, it is necessary to apply an external bias voltage to control the image quality, but conventional coated carriers have no conductivity on their surfaces; Bias electric field cannot be applied effectively.
さらに安定したトナー帯電性を得るためにもキャリアの
表面に部分的な導電性を付与することが望ましい。しか
しながら、キャリア全体の電気抵抗が低くなるとキャリ
ア自身が現像され画像劣化の一要因ともなるので、全体
的に高い電気抵抗を有しつつも部分的に導電性を有する
キャリアが望まれていた。Furthermore, in order to obtain stable toner chargeability, it is desirable to impart partial electrical conductivity to the surface of the carrier. However, if the electrical resistance of the carrier as a whole becomes low, the carrier itself will be developed and become a factor in image deterioration. Therefore, a carrier that has high electrical resistance as a whole but is partially electrically conductive has been desired.
従来公知の導電性粉体の添加においては、上記のような
キャリア表面に部分的導電性を付与しつつ全体的には高
い電気抵抗108〜1015Ωcm。In the case of adding a conventionally known conductive powder, while imparting partial conductivity to the carrier surface as described above, an overall high electrical resistance of 108 to 1015 Ωcm is achieved.
好ましくは1010〜10′4Ωcmを同時に実現する
ことは困難であった。It was difficult to simultaneously achieve the desired resistance of 1010 to 10'4 Ωcm.
本発明のキャリアでは、コーティング樹脂の表面および
表面付近に非絶縁性ウィスカーを固着したことにより、
キャリア表面に部分的な導電性を付与して特に黒ベタ部
に生じる低画質を防止すると共に、キャリアの電荷の蓄
積(耐刷時において帯電Inが不安定になる)の防IF
をはかることが可能になる。また、全体的には高い?[
気抵抗を実現したことにより、スリーブ上からキャリア
の穂の先端にかけての電荷注入によるキャリア現像か防
Iヒされる。In the carrier of the present invention, by fixing non-insulating whiskers on and near the surface of the coating resin,
Provides partial conductivity to the carrier surface to prevent poor image quality, especially in solid black areas, and prevents charge accumulation on the carrier (charged In becomes unstable during printing).
It becomes possible to measure. Also, is it expensive overall? [
By realizing air resistance, carrier development due to charge injection from the top of the sleeve to the tip of the carrier spike is prevented.
なお、本発明キャリアの樹脂層には、さらにコーティン
グキャリアの成分として従来公知のカーボンブラック、
無機微粒子、荷7d制御剤、導電性物質などが適宜配合
されてよい。The resin layer of the carrier of the present invention further contains carbon black, which is conventionally known as a component of the coating carrier.
Inorganic fine particles, a charge 7d control agent, a conductive substance, and the like may be appropriately blended.
本発明にて磁性体芯材粒子の表面にコーチインク層を設
けるには、公知のコーティングキャリアの製造と同様に
樹脂を溶剤に溶解し、得られた溶液を適宜の装置を用い
てギヤリア芯材表面に吹き付けて乾燥したのち、加熱溶
融などによって溶解固定化する。また、他の方法として
はキャリア芯材とポリマー粒子とをブレンダーミル、ヘ
ンンエルミキザーなどを用いて煕械的に混合し、キャリ
ア芯材の表面に微粒子の被覆層を言わばメカノケミカル
に形成した後、加熱溶融などによって溶解固化してらよ
い。かかる操作に用いられる装置ηとしては撹拌器つき
オートクレーブ、スパイラルフロー(フロイント産業(
株)製)、あるいは通常のスプレードライ装置、オング
ミル(ホンカワミクロン(株)製)などが用いられる。In the present invention, in order to provide a coach ink layer on the surface of the magnetic core material particles, the resin is dissolved in a solvent in the same manner as in the production of known coating carriers, and the resulting solution is applied to the gearia core material using an appropriate device. After spraying it on the surface and drying it, it is dissolved and fixed by heating and melting. Another method is to mechanically mix the carrier core material and polymer particles using a blender mill, Hennel mixer, etc. to form a mechanochemical coating layer of fine particles on the surface of the carrier core material. After that, it may be melted and solidified by heating and melting. The equipment η used for such operations is an autoclave with a stirrer, a spiral flow (Freund Sangyo)
(manufactured by Honkawa Micron Co., Ltd.), or a regular spray drying device such as Ong Mill (manufactured by Honkawa Micron Co., Ltd.).
このようにして得られたコーティングキャリアの樹脂表
面に前記ウィスカーを固定するには、例えば、オングミ
ル(ホンカワミクロン(昧)製)などの装(置を用いる
。To fix the whiskers on the resin surface of the coating carrier thus obtained, a device such as Ongmill (manufactured by Honkawa Micron) is used, for example.
得られた本発明キャリアは、平均粒径20〜100μm
、好ましくは30〜80μmを有する。The obtained carrier of the present invention has an average particle size of 20 to 100 μm.
, preferably 30 to 80 μm.
平均粒径が20μm未満では静電潜像担体へのキャリア
の付着が生じやすく、帯電量の制御も困難になる。また
、平均粒径が100μmを越えると、画像にキャリアス
ジが生ずるなど鮮明な画像が得られず画質の低下を招く
。If the average particle size is less than 20 μm, the carrier tends to adhere to the electrostatic latent image carrier, making it difficult to control the amount of charge. Furthermore, if the average particle diameter exceeds 100 μm, carrier streaks may occur in the image, making it impossible to obtain a clear image, resulting in a decrease in image quality.
衷凰偽
以下に、製造例、実施例および比較例に基づき本発明を
さらに詳しく説明する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail based on production examples, working examples, and comparative examples.
なお、実施例および比較例中、各種測定、評価はつぎの
方法により行なった。In the Examples and Comparative Examples, various measurements and evaluations were performed by the following methods.
金属性の円形電極−にに厚さl闘、直径50mmとなる
様に試tトを置き、質量895.4g、直径20m口1
の電極、内径38mm、外径42mmのカート電極を載
り、500Vの直流電圧印加時の1分後の抵抗偵を読み
とり、試料の体積固有抵抗ρに換算した。−11定環境
は温度25±1℃、相対湿度55±5%である。測定は
5回繰り返し、その平均を求カた。A test sample was placed on a metallic circular electrode with a thickness of 1 and a diameter of 50 mm, and a mass of 895.4 g and a diameter of 20 m.
A cart electrode with an inner diameter of 38 mm and an outer diameter of 42 mm was placed on the sample, and the resistance value after 1 minute when a DC voltage of 500 V was applied was read and converted to the volume resistivity ρ of the sample. -11 The constant environment is a temperature of 25±1° C. and a relative humidity of 55±5%. The measurement was repeated five times and the average was calculated.
〔摩擦帯7r3.量〕
実施例および比較例で得られたキャリアに対し、1、ナ
ー混合比6重!′U1%にてトナーを混合し、現象ia
130gを調整した。得られた現像剤を50ccのポリ
エヂレンヒンに入れ12o rpmで撹拌した時の撹拌
混合時間に対するトナーの摩擦帯Td量の変化を測定し
た。[Friction band 7r3. Amount] For the carriers obtained in the Examples and Comparative Examples, the mixture ratio is 1 and 6 times! 'When mixing toner at U1%, the phenomenon ia
130g was adjusted. The obtained developer was placed in a 50 cc polyethylene bottle and stirred at 12 rpm, and the change in the amount of friction zone Td of the toner with respect to the stirring and mixing time was measured.
製造例1((−)帯電性トナー(トナーA))成 分
重量部カーボンブラ
ック 5(三菱化成工業(株)
製、MΔ#8)
上記材料をボールミルで充分混合した後、140°Cに
加熱した3本ロール上で混抹した。混綽物を放置冷却後
、フェザ−ミルを用い徂粉砕し、さらにノエソトミルで
微粉砕した。つぎに、風力分級し、平均粒径13μmの
微粉末を得た(トナーA)。Production example 1 ((-) chargeable toner (toner A)) Ingredients Part by weight Carbon black 5 (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
After thoroughly mixing the above materials in a ball mill, they were mixed on three rolls heated to 140°C. After the mixed material was left to cool, it was ground using a feather mill, and then finely ground using a Noesoto mill. Next, air classification was performed to obtain a fine powder with an average particle size of 13 μm (toner A).
製造例2 C(1)帯電性トナー((トナーB))下記
の組成により製造例1と同様の方法を用いてトナーBを
製造した。Production Example 2 C(1) Chargeable Toner ((Toner B)) Toner B was produced using the same method as Production Example 1 with the following composition.
成 分 重量部スチ
レンーn−ブチルメタ +00クリレート樹
脂
(軟化点、132°C,ガラス転移点=60°C)カー
ホンブラック 5(三菱化成工
業(昧)製、M A # 8 )ニゲ【Jンン染料
3(1臼ノエンド化学工業(株)
製、
ポントロンN−01)
実施例1
(1)キャリアの製造
ヒスフェノール型ポリエステル樹脂(軟化点:123℃
、ガラス転移点:65°C1酸価21)100重晴部会
トルエン中に溶解し2%溶液を調製した。ついで該溶液
を用いスビラーコータ91’−10(岡11]精工(株
)製)を使用してスプレー圧3 、5 kg/cm。Ingredients Parts by weight Styrene-n-butyl meth +00 acrylate resin (softening point, 132°C, glass transition point = 60°C) Carphone black 5 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation, M A #8)
3 (1 Usu Noendo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
Example 1 (1) Manufacture of carrier Hisphenol type polyester resin (softening point: 123°C
, glass transition point: 65°C, acid value 21) A 2% solution was prepared by dissolving it in 100 ml of toluene. The solution was then sprayed at a spray pressure of 3.5 kg/cm using Subirer Coater 91'-10 (manufactured by Oka 11 Seiko Co., Ltd.).
スプレーfiMOg/分、温度50°Cにて120分間
、芯材フェライトF−25o+−tn(平均粒径50μ
m:電気抵抗3.50XlO’ΩCm:日本鉄粉(昧)
製)3000iTf量部にスプレー処理した。Spray fiMOg/min, temperature 50°C for 120 minutes, core material ferrite F-25o+-tn (average particle size 50μ
m: Electrical resistance 3.50XlO'ΩCm: Japanese iron powder (difficult)
3000iTf (manufactured by) was sprayed.
得られた粒子をフルイ(フルイ目開き、105μm)を
用いて、凝集物を除去してコーチ、イングキャリアを得
た。Aggregates were removed from the obtained particles using a sieve (sieve opening, 105 μm) to obtain a coach and an ing carrier.
つぎに該コートキャリア100重量部および非イ色縁性
ウィスカー(大球化学(株)製、BK−100、チタン
酸カリウム系ウィスカーを導電性処理したもの(平均繊
維長 571m、繊Q(I径 03μm、電気抵抗率
10’Ωcm)) 3爪r1部をオングミルAM−20
F(ボッカワミクロン(株)製)を使用して1100O
rpにて40分間処理した。得られたキャリア粒子をフ
ルイ(フルイ目開き;10571m )で凝集物を除去
しキャリアを得た。Next, 100 parts by weight of the coated carrier and a non-black-rimmed whisker (manufactured by Daikyukagaku Co., Ltd., BK-100, a potassium titanate whisker treated with electrical conductivity (average fiber length 571 m, fiber Q (I diameter 03μm, electrical resistivity
10'Ωcm)) 3-jaw r1 section with Ongmill AM-20
1100O using F (manufactured by Bokkawa Micron Co., Ltd.)
It was treated with rp for 40 minutes. Aggregates were removed from the obtained carrier particles using a sieve (sieve opening: 10571 m2) to obtain a carrier.
(11)次に(1)で得られたキャリアと11ji記ト
ナーAとを用い、摩擦帯主爪を測定した。3分、10分
、30分間混合後のトナー帯電inは、各々12μC/
g、−12ttC/9、−13μC/yであった。さら
に、この現像剤を30°C185%RHの高湿下に24
時間保管した後のトナー帯電量は=13μC/9てあっ
た。該キャリアの高湿下における帯電性は通常の環境の
場合と同しであることがわかる。(11) Next, the main claw of the friction band was measured using the carrier obtained in (1) and Toner A described in 11ji. The toner charge in after mixing for 3 minutes, 10 minutes, and 30 minutes was 12μC/each.
g, -12ttC/9, -13μC/y. Furthermore, this developer was heated at 30°C, 185% RH, and high humidity for 24 hours.
The toner charge amount after being stored for a period of time was 13 μC/9. It can be seen that the chargeability of the carrier under high humidity is the same as in a normal environment.
また、この現像剤を用いて耐刷テストを行なった。その
結果、初期画質に優れ、キャリア付着やキャリア現像ら
全くなく、また、耐刷テスト後も初期の画質を維持した
。また感光体へのキャリア付着乙なかった。A printing durability test was also conducted using this developer. As a result, the initial image quality was excellent, there was no carrier adhesion or carrier development, and the initial image quality was maintained even after the printing durability test. Also, there was no carrier adhesion to the photoreceptor.
(iii )他方、このキャリアと製造例2で得たトナ
ーI3を用いて前記(11)と同様に現像剤を得た。(iii) On the other hand, using this carrier and toner I3 obtained in Production Example 2, a developer was obtained in the same manner as in (11) above.
ごの現象剤について同様に調べた結果、3分、10分、
30分間混合後のトナー帯電量は、各々→ I 2
1tC/g、−+−11μ C/47 、 +I
I μ C/9てあり、トナーΔの場合と同様に帯電
の立ち上がりが早く、かつ安定していることがわかる。As a result of the same investigation regarding the phenomenon agent, 3 minutes, 10 minutes,
The toner charge amount after mixing for 30 minutes is respectively → I 2
1tC/g, -+-11μ C/47, +I
I μ C/9, and it can be seen that charging rises quickly and is stable, as in the case of toner Δ.
また、高湿環境下24時間保存後のトナー帯電量は+I
lμC/gであり、高湿下においても帯電性は通常の環
境と同じであることがイっかる。In addition, the toner charge amount after 24 hours storage in a high humidity environment is +I.
1 μC/g, and it is interesting that the charging property is the same even under high humidity as in a normal environment.
1jii記トナーへの場合と同様の耐刷試験においてら
、初期より全くキャリア付着等のない優れた画質が得ら
れ、耐刷試験後も変わらなかった。これらの結果を後記
第1表に示す。In the same printing durability test as in the case of the toner described in Section 1jiii, excellent image quality with no carrier adhesion was obtained from the beginning, and this did not change even after the printing durability test. These results are shown in Table 1 below.
実施例2〜6
非絶縁性ウィスカーの種類および晴を後記第1表に示す
通りとした以外は、実施例1と同様にして=1−ティン
グキャリアを製造した。得られたキャリアを用いて実施
例1と同様に現像剤を調製し、耐刷テストを行った。結
果を同様に第1表に示す。Examples 2 to 6 =1-ting carriers were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the type and shape of the non-insulating whiskers were as shown in Table 1 below. A developer was prepared using the obtained carrier in the same manner as in Example 1, and a printing durability test was conducted. The results are also shown in Table 1.
比較例1
ウィスカーを用いなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にし
てコーティングキャリアを製造した。該キャリアを用い
て実施例1と同様に試験した結果を第1表に示す。Comparative Example 1 A coated carrier was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that whiskers were not used. Table 1 shows the results of tests conducted using the carrier in the same manner as in Example 1.
比較例2および3
非絶縁性ウィスカーの代わりに導電性微粒子である酸化
スズ(三菱金属(株)製、T−1(電気抵抗1〜5Ωa
m、粒子径01μシク以下))を各々3重量部および5
重量部を用いた以外は実施例Iと同様の方法によりコー
ティング型キャリアを製造した。結果を第1表に示す。Comparative Examples 2 and 3 Instead of non-insulating whiskers, conductive fine particles such as tin oxide (manufactured by Mitsubishi Metals Co., Ltd., T-1 (electrical resistance 1 to 5 Ωa) were used instead of non-insulating whiskers.
3 parts by weight and 5 parts by weight, respectively.
A coated carrier was produced in the same manner as in Example I except that parts by weight were used. The results are shown in Table 1.
比較例4
非絶縁性ウィスカーの代わりに絶縁性ウィスカー(チタ
ン酸カリウム系ウィスカー(平均繊維長5μm、vk維
径径03μm、it気低抵抗率1015Ωa
ーティングキャリアを製造した。結果を第1表に示ケ。Comparative Example 4 A coating carrier was manufactured using insulating whiskers (potassium titanate whiskers) instead of non-insulating whiskers (average fiber length 5 μm, VK fiber diameter 03 μm, low resistivity 1015Ωa. The results are shown in Table 1. Show.
第1表より明らかなごとく、実施例2〜6にて得られた
キャリアを用いた現像剤の場合、トナー帯電性および耐
粘り性はいずれも実施例1と同様良好であった。ずなわ
ら、耐刷試験を行ったところ初期および耐刷後ともに画
質に優れ、キャリア現像やキャリア付着が全くなく、使
用した感光体の表面ら良好であった。As is clear from Table 1, in the case of the developers using the carriers obtained in Examples 2 to 6, the toner chargeability and tack resistance were both as good as in Example 1. However, when a printing durability test was conducted, the image quality was excellent both at the initial stage and after printing, there was no carrier development or carrier adhesion, and the surface of the photoreceptor used was also in good condition.
これに対して、非絶縁性ウィスカーを添加しなかった比
較例1および2のキャリアを用いた場合、帯電の立ち上
がりが悪く、また撹拌時間により帯電量が不安定であっ
て、耐刷時および耐湿時において帯電性の変化等による
ID低下、かぶり等の問題点が発生した。また初期より
キャリア現象が発生し、耐刷テストを行うにつれて悪化
した。比較例3では電気抵抗値がかなり低く、初期の帯
電立ち上かりは許容しうるものの耐刷時及び耐湿時にお
いて帯電性が不安定となり、ID低下、かぶり等の問題
が発生し、特にキャリア現象が初期に比べ悪化した。さ
らに、比較例4では帯電の立ち上がりか遅く、計7tf
量の変化ら大きかった。On the other hand, when the carriers of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 to which non-insulating whiskers were not added were used, the charge build-up was slow, and the amount of charge was unstable depending on the stirring time, and the amount of charge was unstable during printing and moisture resistance. At times, problems such as a decrease in ID and fogging occurred due to changes in charging properties. Further, a carrier phenomenon occurred from the beginning and worsened as the printing durability test was conducted. In Comparative Example 3, the electrical resistance value was quite low, and although the initial charging rise was tolerable, the charging property became unstable during printing and humidity resistance, causing problems such as ID reduction and fogging, and especially carrier phenomenon. has worsened compared to the initial stage. Furthermore, in Comparative Example 4, the charging start-up was slow, with a total of 7 tf.
The changes in quantity were large.
発明の効果
本発明の静電潜像現像用キャリアは、キャリア表面に部
分的な導電性を有し、表面に電荷が蓄積せずにスリーブ
へ逃げるため画質のコントロールが容易になる。また、
帯電性が安定するので耐刷中も画像濃度低下はおこらな
い。さらに、−様かつ有効なバイアス電界を印加でき、
帯電の立ち上がりも速くなる。Effects of the Invention The carrier for developing an electrostatic latent image of the present invention has partial conductivity on the surface of the carrier, and since charges do not accumulate on the surface and escape to the sleeve, image quality can be easily controlled. Also,
Since the charging property is stable, image density does not decrease even during printing. Furthermore, a -like and effective bias electric field can be applied,
The rise of charging also becomes faster.
特許出願人 ミノルタカメラ株式会社Patent applicant: Minolta Camera Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
脂コート層、および該樹脂コート層の表面部分に固着し
た非絶縁性ウィスカーからなることを特徴とする静電荷
像現像用キャリア。(1) A carrier for developing electrostatic images characterized by comprising a core material made of a magnetic material, a resin coat layer covering the surface of the core material, and non-insulating whiskers fixed to the surface portion of the resin coat layer. .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63144195A JPH021880A (en) | 1988-06-10 | 1988-06-10 | Electrostatic charge image developing carrier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63144195A JPH021880A (en) | 1988-06-10 | 1988-06-10 | Electrostatic charge image developing carrier |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH021880A true JPH021880A (en) | 1990-01-08 |
Family
ID=15356423
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP63144195A Pending JPH021880A (en) | 1988-06-10 | 1988-06-10 | Electrostatic charge image developing carrier |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH021880A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09152749A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-06-10 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Carrier for electrostatic latent image developer, electrostatic latent image developer and image forming method |
US5683844A (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-11-04 | Xerox Corporation | Fibrillated carrier compositions and processes for making and using |
-
1988
- 1988-06-10 JP JP63144195A patent/JPH021880A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5683844A (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-11-04 | Xerox Corporation | Fibrillated carrier compositions and processes for making and using |
JPH09152749A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1997-06-10 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Carrier for electrostatic latent image developer, electrostatic latent image developer and image forming method |
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