JPH01124868A - Carrier for developing electrostatic charge image - Google Patents
Carrier for developing electrostatic charge imageInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01124868A JPH01124868A JP62283674A JP28367487A JPH01124868A JP H01124868 A JPH01124868 A JP H01124868A JP 62283674 A JP62283674 A JP 62283674A JP 28367487 A JP28367487 A JP 28367487A JP H01124868 A JPH01124868 A JP H01124868A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carrier
- toner
- whiskers
- electrostatic charge
- charge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(C)COC(C)COCC(C)OC(=O)C=C ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOVCUELHTLHMEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 QOVCUELHTLHMEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)COC=C OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEVVKKAVYQFQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2,4-dimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C(C)=C1 OEVVKKAVYQFQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZBSIABKXVPBFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OCC(CO)(CO)CO GZBSIABKXVPBFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTHJXDSHSVNJKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LTHJXDSHSVNJKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNRDNFBAJALSEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl benzoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UNRDNFBAJALSEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-prop-2-enoyloxyhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JUDXBRVLWDGRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)-2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JUDXBRVLWDGRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- ZWDKULOBXUJNPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl hydrogen phosphate;ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C.CCOP(O)(=O)OCC ZWDKULOBXUJNPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960000834 vinyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl methyl ketone Natural products CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
- G03G9/107—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles having magnetic components
- G03G9/1088—Binder-type carrier
- G03G9/10882—Binder is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
１１五ｑ秤１分互
本発明は、電子写真用キャリアに関する。さらに詳しく
は、電子写真方式の複写機あるいはプリンターの現像剤
用キャリアに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a carrier for electrophotography. More specifically, the present invention relates to a developer carrier for an electrophotographic copying machine or printer.
従来の技術
電子写真方式の複写機、プリンターにより画像を得るに
は、画像担体である感光体の表面に形成された静電潜像
をトナーを含む現像剤を用いて現像（可視像化）し、得
られたトナー像を紙などの転写材へ転写する。Conventional Technology To obtain an image using an electrophotographic copying machine or printer, an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of a photoreceptor, which is an image carrier, is developed (visualized) using a developer containing toner. The resulting toner image is then transferred to a transfer material such as paper.
かかる現像剤のうち絶縁性非磁性トナーおよび磁性キャ
リアからなる二成分系現像剤、あるいは磁性トナーおよ
び磁性キャリアからなる二成分系現像剤を用いる現像は
、トナーと鉄粉等のキャリアとの摩擦帯電によって発生
する電荷を利用する現像方式である。すなわち、磁性を
有するキャリア粒子の磁気ブラシを磁石内蔵の現像スリ
ーブ表面に形成してトナーを撹拌しながら現像領域に搬
送し、帯電トナーを感光体表面上に形成された反対の荷
電を有する静電潜像に接触、移行さけて現像する方法で
ある。Among these developers, development using a two-component developer consisting of an insulating non-magnetic toner and a magnetic carrier, or a two-component developer consisting of a magnetic toner and a magnetic carrier, involves frictional electrification between the toner and a carrier such as iron powder. This is a development method that utilizes the electric charge generated by the process. In other words, a magnetic brush of magnetic carrier particles is formed on the surface of a developing sleeve with a built-in magnet, and the toner is conveyed to the developing area while stirring, and the charged toner is transferred to the oppositely charged electrostatic brush formed on the surface of the photoreceptor. This is a method of developing the latent image while avoiding contact or transfer.
この上うな二成分系現像剤を用いた現像方法では、一般
にキャリア粒子間の磁気の強度が大きすぎ磁気ブラシの
穂が硬いため現像された画像上に白スジが発生したり、
また、キャリアの体積固有 ′電気抵抗が低いため、静
電潜像担体（感光体）上の電荷がキャリアを通って逃げ
画像欠損を生じたり、あるいは現像スリーブからキャリ
アへの注入電荷によりキャリアが静電潜像担体の画像部
に付着したりするという問題がある。Furthermore, in developing methods using two-component developers, the magnetic strength between carrier particles is generally too high and the ears of the magnetic brush are hard, resulting in white streaks on the developed image.
In addition, because the volume-specific electrical resistance of the carrier is low, the charge on the electrostatic latent image carrier (photoreceptor) may escape through the carrier and cause image defects, or the charge injected from the developing sleeve into the carrier may cause the carrier to become static. There is a problem that it may adhere to the image area of the latent image carrier.
このような鉄粉等、磁性体単体からなるキャリアの問題
点を解決する手段として、これまで粒子径の小さな磁性
粉を絶縁性のバインダ樹脂中に配合したバインダー型キ
ャリアとよばれるキャリアを用い現像を行なう方法が提
案されている。As a means to solve the problem of carriers made of single magnetic substances such as iron powder, development has been done using carriers called binder-type carriers, in which magnetic powders with small particle diameters are blended into an insulating binder resin. A method has been proposed to do this.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
しかしながら、かかるバインダ型キャリアも帯電の立ち
上がり、耐刷時の帯電安定性が未だ充分ではない。Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, such binder-type carriers are still insufficient in charging start-up and charging stability during printing.
また、現像時広い面積にわたって−様な黒地画像を得る
には、外部よりバイアス電圧を印加し、画質のコントロ
ールを行う必要がある。また、キャリアとしては、安定
したトナー帯電性を得るために表面に部分的な導電性を
付与することが望ましい。しかも、キャリア自体の電気
抵抗が低くなるとキャリア自身が現像され画像劣化の一
要因となる。この為、全体的に高い電気抵抗を有し、か
つ部分的に導電性を有するキャリアが望ましいが、従来
かかるキャリアを得ることはできなかった。Furthermore, in order to obtain a -like black background image over a wide area during development, it is necessary to control the image quality by applying a bias voltage from the outside. Further, as for the carrier, it is desirable to impart partial electrical conductivity to the surface in order to obtain stable toner chargeability. Moreover, when the electrical resistance of the carrier itself becomes low, the carrier itself is developed and becomes a factor in image deterioration. For this reason, it is desirable to have a carrier that has high electrical resistance as a whole and is partially conductive, but it has not been possible to obtain such a carrier in the past.
本発明は、キャリア粒子全体としては高い電気抵抗を有
し速やかな帯電の立ち上がりを示すとともに、部分的に
は導電性を有して安定した摩擦帯電量の確保できる耐久
性に優れた静電潜像現像用キャリアを提供することを目
的とずろ。In the present invention, the carrier particles as a whole have a high electrical resistance and show a rapid charge rise, and some parts have conductivity to ensure a stable amount of triboelectric charging. The purpose is to provide a carrier for image development.
問題点を解決するための手段
すなわち、本発明は、熱可塑性樹脂、磁性粉および非絶
縁性ウィスカーを含有することを特徴とする静電荷像現
像用キャリアを提供するものである。Means for solving the problems, that is, the present invention provides a carrier for developing electrostatic images characterized by containing a thermoplastic resin, magnetic powder, and non-insulating whiskers.
本発明に用いるウィスカーは、非絶縁性（導電性または
非導電性）のウィスカーが用いられる。The whiskers used in the present invention are non-insulating (conductive or non-conductive) whiskers.
かかるウィスカーとしては、例えば
ＫＩＯ・ｎ ’Ｔ ｒ Ｏｔ−ｘ、ＳｉＣなどの構造を
有する電気抵抗ｔｏ”” 〜ｔｏ”Ωｃｍ、好ましくは
ｌＯ４〜１０”Ωｃｍのものが用いられる。電気抵抗が
１０−１０ｃｍより小さいと帯電の立ち上がりが悪く、
一方、１０８０ｃｍを上回ると耐刷時の帯電安定性が低
下する。As such a whisker, for example, one having a structure such as KIO·n'TrOt-x or SiC and having an electrical resistance of to""to"Ωcm, preferably lO4 to 10"Ωcm is used. If the electrical resistance is less than 10-10cm, charging will not start up properly.
On the other hand, if it exceeds 1080 cm, charging stability during continuous printing will decrease.
また、該ウィスカーの繊維長は１〜４０μ次、好ましく
は５〜２０μｌである。繊維長り月μ度より短いとキャ
リア表面の導電性を得るために多屯の添加が必要となり
キャリア全体の電気抵抗が低くなる。一方、繊維長が４
０μ麓よりも長くなると樹脂、磁性粉との分散性および
溶融混練性が悪くなり、かつ粉砕効率も低下する。また
、ウィスカーの繊維径は０．１−１μ１１好ましくは０
゜２〜０．５μ屑である。Further, the fiber length of the whisker is 1 to 40 μl, preferably 5 to 20 μl. If the fiber length is shorter than μ degrees, it is necessary to add a fiber to obtain conductivity on the surface of the carrier, and the electrical resistance of the entire carrier becomes low. On the other hand, the fiber length is 4
If the length is longer than 0μ, the dispersibility and melt-kneading properties with the resin and magnetic powder will deteriorate, and the pulverization efficiency will also decrease. In addition, the fiber diameter of the whisker is 0.1-1μ11, preferably 0.
゜2~0.5μ debris.
該ウィスカーの配合量は、バインダー樹脂１００重量部
に対して０．１ 〜３０ 重量部、好ましくは １〜２
０ 重量部である。ウィスカーの配合量がこれより少な
いと耐刷時の帯電安定性が得られず、一方この範囲を越
えると、樹脂、磁性粉との分散性および溶融混練性が悪
くなり、またキャリア全体の電気抵抗が低くなる。The blending amount of the whisker is 0.1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 2 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.
0 parts by weight. If the whisker content is less than this, charging stability during printing cannot be obtained, while if it exceeds this range, dispersibility and melt-kneading properties with resin and magnetic powder will deteriorate, and the electrical resistance of the entire carrier will deteriorate. becomes lower.
なお、従来の導電性粉体の添加においてはキャリア表面
に部分的導電性を付与しつつ全体的には高い電気抵抗１
０６〜ＩＱ１５Ωｅｆｆｉ、好ましくは１Ｑｌｏ〜１０
′４Ωｃｍを同時に実現することは困難であった。上記
本発明のキャリアではキャリア表面に部分的な導電性を
付与して画質のコントロール上およびキャリアの電荷の
蓄積（耐刷時において帯電ｍが不安定になる）を防止す
ることが可能になる。全体的には高い電気抵抗ｉｏ８〜
１Ｑ１５Ωｃｍ（好ましくは１０１０〜１０１’ΩｃＩ
１１）を実現したことによりスリーブ上からキャリアの
穂の先端にかけての電荷注入によるキャリアかぶりを防
止する。In addition, in the conventional addition of conductive powder, while imparting partial conductivity to the carrier surface, the overall electrical resistance is high.
06~IQ15Ωeffi, preferably 1Qlo~10
It was difficult to simultaneously achieve a resistance of '4Ωcm. In the carrier of the present invention, partial conductivity is imparted to the surface of the carrier, thereby making it possible to control image quality and prevent accumulation of charge on the carrier (charging m becomes unstable during printing). Overall high electrical resistance io8~
1Q15Ωcm (preferably 1010-101'ΩcI
By realizing 11), carrier fogging due to charge injection from the top of the sleeve to the tip of the carrier ear can be prevented.
なお、本発明のキャリアは非絶縁性ウィスカーおよび磁
性粉が共にキャリア表面に一部露出している。特に非絶
縁性ウィスカーは露出面積が小さくかつ粒子内部に延び
ているためキャリア表面が部分的に導電性となり表面電
荷の蓄積が起こらない。しかしながら、導電性物質（非
絶縁性ウィスカーおよび磁性粉）はキャリア中において
完全な連続性はなく、キャリア表面は高抵抗の樹脂でそ
のほとんどがおおわれておりキャリア全体としての電気
抵抗値は保持される。In addition, in the carrier of the present invention, both the non-insulating whiskers and the magnetic powder are partially exposed on the carrier surface. In particular, non-insulating whiskers have a small exposed area and extend into the interior of the particle, making the carrier surface partially conductive and preventing surface charge accumulation. However, conductive substances (non-insulating whiskers and magnetic powder) are not completely continuous in the carrier, and the carrier surface is mostly covered with high-resistance resin, so the electrical resistance value of the carrier as a whole is maintained. .
つぎに、本発明においてバインダとして用いられる熱可
塑性樹脂、磁性粉など他の成分は従来公知のバインダー
型キャリアに用いられているものが用いられてよい。Next, other components such as thermoplastic resin and magnetic powder used as a binder in the present invention may be those used in conventionally known binder type carriers.
本発明においてバインダーとして使用する熱可塑性樹脂
としては、以下のモノマーを重合して得られたものがあ
る。The thermoplastic resin used as a binder in the present invention includes those obtained by polymerizing the following monomers.
かかるモノマーとしては、単官能性モノマーあるいは多
官能性モノマーを使用することができる。As such monomers, monofunctional monomers or polyfunctional monomers can be used.
単官能性モノマーとしては、スチレン、α−メチルスチ
レン、０−メチルスチレン、ｍ−メチルスチレン、ｐ−
メチルスチレン、ｐ−エチルスチレン、２．４−ジメチ
ルスチレン、ｐ−ｎ−ブチルスチレン、ｐ−ｔｅｒｔ−
ブチルスチレン、ｐ−ｎ−へキシルスチレン、ｐ−ｎ−
オクチルスチレン、ｐ−ｎ−ノニルスチレン、ｐ−ｎ−
デシルスチレン、ｐ−ｎ−ドデシルスチレン、ｐ−メト
キシスチレン、ｐ−フェニルスチレンなどのスチレン系
モノマー；メチルアクリレート、エチルアクリレート、
ｎ−プロピルアクリレート、１ｓｏ−プロピルアクリレ
ート、ｎ−ブチルアークリレート、１ｓｏ−ブチルアク
リレート、ｔｅｒｔ−ブチルアクリレート、ｎ−アミル
アクリレート、ｎ−ヘキシルアクリレート、２−エチル
へキシルアクリレート、ｎ−オクチルアクリレート、ｎ
−ノニルアクリレート、シクロへキシルアクリレート、
ベンジルアクリレート、ジメチルフォスフェートエチル
アクリレート、ジエチルフォスフェートエヂルアクリレ
ート、ジブデルフォスフェートエチルアクリレート、２
−ベンゾイルオキシエチルアクリレートなどのアクリル
系モノマー；メチルメタクリレート、エチルメタクリレ
ート、ロープロピルメタクリレート、１ｓｏ−プロピル
メタクリレート、ｎ−ブチルメタクリレート、１ｓｏ−
ブチルメタクリレート、ｔｅｒｔ−ブチルメタクリレー
ト、ｎ−アミルメタクリレート、ｎ−ヘキシルメタクリ
レート、２−エチルへキシルメタクリレート、ｎ−オク
チルメタクリレート、ｎ−ノニルメタクリレート、ジエ
チルフォスフェートエチルメタクリレート、ジブチルフ
ォスフェートエチルメタクリレートなどのメタクリレー
ト系モノマー；メチレン脂肪族モノカルボン酸エステル
類；酢酸 ゛ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、ベ
ンジェ酸ビニル、酪酸ビニル、安息香酸ビニル、ギ酸ビ
ニル等のビニルエステル類、ビニルメチルエーテル、ビ
ニルエチルエーテル、ビニルイソブチルエーテル等のビ
ニルエーテル類、ビニルメチルケトン、ビニルヘキシル
ケトン、メチルイソプロピルケトン等のビニルケトン類
などのビニル系モノマー：が挙げられる。Examples of monofunctional monomers include styrene, α-methylstyrene, 0-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, and p-methylstyrene.
Methylstyrene, p-ethylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, p-n-butylstyrene, p-tert-
Butylstyrene, pn-hexylstyrene, pn-
Octylstyrene, pn-nonylstyrene, pn-
Styrenic monomers such as decylstyrene, p-n-dodecylstyrene, p-methoxystyrene, p-phenylstyrene; methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate,
n-propyl acrylate, 1so-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 1so-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, n-amyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, n
-nonyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate,
Benzyl acrylate, dimethyl phosphate ethyl acrylate, diethyl phosphate ethyl acrylate, dibdelphosphate ethyl acrylate, 2
- Acrylic monomers such as benzoyloxyethyl acrylate; methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, low propyl methacrylate, 1so-propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, 1so-
Methacrylates such as butyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, n-amyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, n-nonyl methacrylate, diethyl phosphate ethyl methacrylate, dibutyl phosphate ethyl methacrylate Monomer; Methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acid esters; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl benzoate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl benzoate, vinyl formate, vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl isobutyl ether, etc. Examples include vinyl monomers such as vinyl ethers, vinyl ketones such as vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone, and methyl isopropyl ketone.
多官能性モノマーとしては、ジエチレングリコールジア
クリレート、トリエチレングリコールジアクリレート、
テトラエチレングリコールジアクリレート、ポリエチレ
ングリコールジアクリレート、１．６−ヘキサンジオー
ルジアクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジアクリレ
ート、トリプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、ポリ
プロピレングリコールジアクリレート、 ２．２’−ビ
ス［４−（アクリロキシ・ジェトキシ）フェニル］プロ
パン、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート、テト
ラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレート、エチレングリ
コールジメタクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジメタ
クリレート、トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート
、テトラエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ポリエ
チレングリコールジメタクリレート、１．３−ブチレン
グリコールジメタクリレート、１．６−ヘキサンジオー
ルジアクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジメタクリ
レート、ポリプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート、
２．２゛−ビス［４−（メタクリロキシ・ジェトキシ）
フェニル］プロパン、２，２゛−ビス［４−（メタクリ
ロキシ・ポリエトキシ）フェニルコプロパン、トリメチ
ロールプロパントリメタクリレート、テトラメチロール
メタントリメタクリレート、ジビニルベンゼン、ジビニ
ルナフタリン、ジビニルエーテル等を挙げることができ
る。Examples of polyfunctional monomers include diethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate,
Tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, 1.6-hexanediol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, polypropylene glycol diacrylate, 2.2'-bis[4-(acryloxy/jetoxy) ) Phenyl] propane, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate methacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate,
2.2゛-bis[4-(methacryloxy jetoxy)
Examples include phenyl]propane, 2,2'-bis[4-(methacryloxy polyethoxy)phenylcopropane, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, tetramethylolmethane trimethacrylate, divinylbenzene, divinylnaphthalene, and divinyl ether.
前記単官能性モノマーは単独であるいは、２種以上組み
合わせて、また、単官能性モノマーと多官能性モノマー
を組み合わせて使用することができる。また、これらの
樹脂は、粘度を調整するために三次元架橋を行ってもよ
い。The monofunctional monomers can be used alone, in combination of two or more, or in combination with monofunctional monomers and polyfunctional monomers. Further, these resins may be subjected to three-dimensional crosslinking in order to adjust the viscosity.
一方、本発明のキャリアに配合される磁性材料は、例え
ば、鉄、ニッケル、コバルト等の金属、これらの金属と
亜鉛、アンチモン、アルミニウム、鉛、スズ、ビスマス
、ベリリウム、マンガン、セレン、タングステン、ジル
コニウム、バナジウム等の金属との合金あるいは混合物
、酸化鉄、酸化ヂタン、酸化マグネシウム等の金属酸化
物、窒化クロム、窒化バナジウム等の窒化物、炭化ケイ
素、炭化タングステン等の炭化物との混合物および強磁
性フェライト、マグネタイト、並びにこれらの混合物等
が挙げられる。On the other hand, magnetic materials to be mixed in the carrier of the present invention include metals such as iron, nickel, and cobalt, and combinations of these metals with zinc, antimony, aluminum, lead, tin, bismuth, beryllium, manganese, selenium, tungsten, and zirconium. , alloys or mixtures with metals such as vanadium, metal oxides such as iron oxide, titanium oxide, and magnesium oxide, nitrides such as chromium nitride and vanadium nitride, mixtures with carbides such as silicon carbide and tungsten carbide, and ferromagnetic ferrites. , magnetite, and mixtures thereof.
これら磁性体をバインダ型キャリアの磁性粉として使用
する場合、その粒径は一次粒子として２μ肩以下、好ま
しくはｌμｌ以下である。磁性粉の粒径が２μｌより大
きいと好ましいバインダ型キャリアの粒径との関係から
バインダ中での均一分散が困難となり均質なキャリアが
得られず、またキャリア粒子が脆くなる。When these magnetic substances are used as magnetic powder for a binder-type carrier, the particle size thereof is 2 μl or less as a primary particle, preferably 1 μl or less. If the particle size of the magnetic powder is larger than 2 μl, it will be difficult to uniformly disperse it in the binder due to the relationship with the particle size of the preferable binder-type carrier, making it impossible to obtain a homogeneous carrier and making the carrier particles brittle.
該磁性粉の配合割合は、樹脂１００重量部に対して磁性
粉１００〜９００重量部、好ましくは２００〜８００重
量部である。磁性、粉の混合量が９００重量部より多い
と、磁性粉の二次粒子化を生じ均一分散されずキャリア
粒子が脆くなり、混練性が悪く、生産性が低下する。一
方１００重量部より少ないと、充分な磁性が得られない
。The blending ratio of the magnetic powder is 100 to 900 parts by weight, preferably 200 to 800 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the resin. If the mixed amount of magnetic powder is more than 900 parts by weight, the magnetic powder becomes secondary particles and is not uniformly dispersed, making the carrier particles brittle, resulting in poor kneading properties and reduced productivity. On the other hand, if it is less than 100 parts by weight, sufficient magnetism cannot be obtained.
本発明のキャリアには、さらにバインダー型キャリアの
成分として従来公知のカーボンブラック、荷電制御剤、
導電性物質などが適宜配合されてよい。The carrier of the present invention further includes carbon black, a charge control agent, which is conventionally known as a component of a binder type carrier,
A conductive substance or the like may be appropriately blended.
これらの成分を用いてバインダ型キャリアを製造するに
は、例えば、萌記材料をミキサーなどにより充分混合し
た後、粉砕し、次いで、押出し混練機を用いて、溶融、
混練する。得られた混練物を冷却後、微粉砕して分級し
、２０〜２００μ肩、好ましくは３０〜１００μｍの所
定の粒径を有する磁性キャリアを得る。In order to manufacture a binder-type carrier using these components, for example, the Moeki materials are thoroughly mixed using a mixer, etc., then pulverized, and then melted using an extrusion kneader.
Knead. After cooling the obtained kneaded material, it is finely pulverized and classified to obtain a magnetic carrier having a predetermined particle size of 20 to 200 μm, preferably 30 to 100 μm.
寒嵐園
以下に、製造例、実施例および比較例に基づき本発明を
さらに詳しく説明する。Kanranen The present invention will be explained in more detail below based on production examples, working examples, and comparative examples.
なお、実施例および比較例中、各種測定値はっぎの方法
により求めた。In addition, in the examples and comparative examples, various measured values were determined by Haggi's method.
金属性の円形電極上に厚さ１ｍｍ、直径５０ｍｍとなる
様に試料を置き、質量８９５．４９、直径２０韻の電極
、内径３８ｍｎ＋、外径４２ｍｍのガード電極を載せ、
５００ｖの直流電圧印加時の１分後の抵抗値を読みとり
、試料の体積固有抵抗ρに換算した。測定環境は温度２
５±１℃、相対湿度５５±５％である。測定は５回繰り
返し、その平均を求めた。A sample was placed on a metallic circular electrode with a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 50 mm, and an electrode with a mass of 895.49 mm and a diameter of 20 rhymes, a guard electrode with an inner diameter of 38 mm + and an outer diameter of 42 mm was placed.
The resistance value 1 minute after applying a DC voltage of 500 V was read and converted to the volume resistivity ρ of the sample. Measurement environment is temperature 2
The temperature was 5±1° C. and the relative humidity was 55±5%. The measurement was repeated five times and the average was calculated.
実施例および比較例で得られたキャリアに対し、トナー
混合比１０重量％にてトナーを混合し、現像剤３０ｇを
調整した。得られた現像剤を５０ｃｃのポリエチレンビ
ンに入れ１２Ｏｒｐｍで撹拌した時の撹拌混合時間に対
するトナーの摩擦帯電量の変化を測定した。Toner was mixed with the carriers obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples at a toner mixing ratio of 10% by weight to prepare 30 g of developer. The obtained developer was placed in a 50 cc polyethylene bottle and stirred at 12 rpm, and the change in the amount of triboelectric charge of the toner with respect to the stirring and mixing time was measured.
〔耐刷テスト〕。[Printing durability test].
（（−）トナーを使用した場合）
（＋）帯電性Ｓｅ系感光体と、テフロンコーティングし
た加熱定着ロールとを備えた複写機（ＥＰ−８７０：ミ
ノルタカメラ（株）製）を用いて、磁気ブラシ現像法に
より正極性の静電荷像を連続現像（６万枚）した。(When using (-) toner) (+) Magnetic Positive electrostatic charge images were continuously developed (60,000 sheets) using a brush development method.
（（＋）トナーを使用した場合）
（−）帯電性積層有機感光体を有する複写機（ＥＰ−４
７０７，：ミノルタカメラ（昧）製）を用いて負極性の
静電潜像を連続現像（６万枚）した。(When using (+) toner) (-) Copying machine with chargeable laminated organic photoreceptor (EP-4
Electrostatic latent images of negative polarity were continuously developed (60,000 sheets) using a Minolta camera (manufactured by MAI).
初期および耐刷テスト後のかぶり、キャリア現像、解像
値、階調性等を次に示す総合的な画質評価の基準に基づ
きランク付けした。Fog, carrier development, resolution value, gradation, etc. after initial and printing durability tests were ranked based on the following comprehensive image quality evaluation criteria.
○：全く問題なし
△：問題点は発生しているが、実用上許容範囲×：実用
上許容できない
製造例１（（−）帯電性トナー（トナーＡ））酸価２５
．水酸価３８）
カーボンブラック ５（三菱化
成工業（株）製、ＭＡ＃８）
上記材料をボールミルで充分混合した後、１４０℃に加
熱した３本ロール上で混練した。混練物を放置冷却後、
フェザ−ミルを用い粗粉砕し、さらにジェットミルで微
粉砕した。つぎに、風力分級し、平均粒径１３μｍの微
粉末を得た（トナーＡ）。○: No problem at all △: Problems have occurred, but within a practically acceptable range ×: Practically unacceptable Production Example 1 ((-) Chargeable toner (toner A)) Acid value 25
．． Hydroxy value: 38) Carbon black 5 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd., MA#8) The above materials were thoroughly mixed in a ball mill, and then kneaded on a three-roll roller heated to 140°C. After cooling the kneaded material,
It was coarsely ground using a feather mill and further finely ground using a jet mill. Next, air classification was performed to obtain a fine powder with an average particle size of 13 μm (toner A).
製造例２ （（＋）帯電性トナー（トナーＢ））つぎの
組成により製造例１と同様の方法を用いてトナーＢを製
造した。Production Example 2 ((+) Chargeable Toner (Toner B)) Toner B was produced using the same method as Production Example 1 with the following composition.
店−一立 ！１星スチレンー
ｎ−ブチルメタ １００クリレート樹脂
（軟化点＝１３２℃、ガラス転移点二６０℃）カーボン
ブラック ５（三菱化成工業（
株）製、ＭＡ＃８）
ニグロシン染料 ３実施例１
（ｉ）キャリアの製造
成 分 重量部酸価２３
．水酸価４０）
無機磁性粉 ５００（戸田工
業（株）製、ＥＰＴ−１０００）カーボンブラック
２（三菱化成工業（株）製、ＭＡ
＃８）
上記材料をヘンシェルミキサーにより充分混合粉砕し、
次いで、シリンダ部１８０℃、シリンダヘッド部１７０
℃に設定した押出し混練機を用０て、溶融、混練した。Store - Ichiri! 1 star styrene-n-butyl meth 100 acrylate resin (softening point = 132°C, glass transition point - 60°C) carbon black 5 (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation (
Co., Ltd., MA#8) Nigrosine dye 3 Example 1 (i) Manufacturing components of carrier Acid value by weight 23
．． Hydroxyl value 40) Inorganic magnetic powder 500 (manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd., EPT-1000) Carbon black
2 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd., MA
#8) Thoroughly mix and grind the above materials using a Henschel mixer,
Next, the cylinder part is heated to 180°C, and the cylinder head part is heated to 170 degrees Celsius.
The mixture was melted and kneaded using an extrusion kneader set at 0°C.
混練物を冷却後ジエ・ソトミルで微粉砕したのち、分級
機を用いて分級し、平均粒径６０μｍ、電気抵抗１．２
ＸｌＯ”Ωｃｍの磁性キャリアを得た。After cooling the kneaded material, it was finely pulverized using a die-soto mill, and then classified using a classifier to obtain an average particle size of 60 μm and an electrical resistance of 1.2.
A magnetic carrier of XlO"Ωcm was obtained.
（ｉｉ ）次に（ｉ）で得られたキャリアと前記トナー
Ａとを用い、摩擦帯電量を測定した。３分、１０分、３
０分間混合後のトナー帯電量は各々−１３μＣ／１−１
４μＣ／９、−１４μＣ／９であった。さらに、この現
像剤を３０℃、８５％ＲＨの高湿下に２４時間保管した
後のトナー帯電量は一１３μＣ／９である。該キャリア
の高湿下における帯電性は通常の環境の場合と同じであ
ることがわかる。(ii) Next, using the carrier obtained in (i) and the toner A, the amount of triboelectric charge was measured. 3 minutes, 10 minutes, 3
The toner charge amount after mixing for 0 minutes is -13μC/1-1 respectively.
They were 4 μC/9 and -14 μC/9. Further, the toner charge amount after storing this developer for 24 hours under high humidity at 30° C. and 85% RH was -13 μC/9. It can be seen that the chargeability of the carrier under high humidity is the same as in a normal environment.
また、この現像剤を用いて耐刷テストを行なった。その
結果、初期画質に優れ、キャリア付着やキャリア現像も
全くなく、また、耐刷テスト後も初期の画質を維持した
。また感光体へのキャリア付着もなかった。A printing durability test was also conducted using this developer. As a result, the initial image quality was excellent, there was no carrier adhesion or carrier development, and the initial image quality was maintained even after the printing durability test. Further, there was no carrier adhesion to the photoreceptor.
（ｉｉｉ ）他方、このキャリアと製造例２で得たトナ
ーＢを用いて前記（ｉｉ ）と同様に現像剤を得た。(iii) On the other hand, using this carrier and toner B obtained in Production Example 2, a developer was obtained in the same manner as in (ii) above.
この現像剤について同様に調べた結果、３分、１０分、
３０分間混合後のトナー帯電量は、各々＋１３μＣ／Ｉ
？、＋１２μＣ／９、＋１２μＣ／ｖであり、トナーＡ
の場合と同様に帯電の立ち上がりが早く、かつ安定して
いることがわかる。また、高温環境下２４時間保存後の
トナー帯電量は＋１２μＣ／９であり、高湿下において
も帯電性は通常の環境と同じであることがわかる。As a result of a similar investigation regarding this developer, 3 minutes, 10 minutes,
The toner charge amount after mixing for 30 minutes is +13μC/I for each
? , +12μC/9, +12μC/v, and toner A
As in the case of , it can be seen that the charging rises quickly and is stable. Further, the toner charge amount after being stored for 24 hours in a high temperature environment was +12 μC/9, indicating that the chargeability was the same even under high humidity as in a normal environment.
前記トナーＡの場合と同様の耐刷試験においても、初期
より全くキャリア付着等のない優れた画質が得られ、耐
刷試験後も変わらなかった。Even in the same printing durability test as in the case of Toner A, excellent image quality with no carrier adhesion was obtained from the initial stage, and this did not change even after the printing durability test.
これらの結果を後記第３表に示す。These results are shown in Table 3 below.
実施例２〜６および比較例１
導電性ウィスカーの種類および量を下記の第１表に示す
通りとした以外は、実施例１と同様にしてバインダー型
キャリアを製造した。結果を同様にして第１表に示す。Examples 2 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 Binder-type carriers were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the type and amount of conductive whiskers were as shown in Table 1 below. The results are similarly shown in Table 1.
比較例２および３
導電性ウィスカーの代わりに導電性微粒子である酸化ス
ズ（三菱金属（株）製、Ｔ−１（電気抵抗１〜５ΩｃＩ
１１１粒子径０．１μｘ以下））を各々５重量部および
１０重量部添加した以外は実施例１と同様の方法により
バインダ型キャリアを製造した。結果を第１表に示す。Comparative Examples 2 and 3 Instead of conductive whiskers, conductive fine particles such as tin oxide (manufactured by Mitsubishi Metals Co., Ltd., T-1 (electrical resistance 1 to 5 ΩcI) were used instead of conductive whiskers.
A binder-type carrier was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 5 parts by weight and 10 parts by weight of 111 (particle size of 0.1 μx or less)) were added, respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.
第 １ 表
実施例Ｉ ＢＫ−１００５６０１，２ｘｌＯ”〃２
ＢＫ−１００２６０１，８ｘｌＯ”／／ ３
／／ １０ ６２５．９ＸｌＯ”” ４８に−２０
０５６０９，６ＸＩＯ”〃５ ＢＫ−３００５６１６，
７ｘｌＯ”〃１３ ＷＫ−１００５６１１，３ｘｌＯ”
比較例１ − ６０ ２
．ｌＸ１０”〃 ２ 酸化スズＴ−１５６０１，３ｘ
ｌＯ”〃３ ｔｔ １０
６０ ７．６ｘｌＯ”用いたウィスカーの物性はつぎ
の第２表とおりである。Table 1 Example I BK-1005601, 2xlO”〃2
BK-1002601, 8xlO”// 3
// 10 625.9XlO"" -20 to 48
05609,6XIO”〃5 BK-3005616,
7xlO”〃13 WK-1005611,3xlO”
Comparative example 1-60 2
．． lX10"〃 2 Tin oxide T-15601, 3x
lO"〃3 tt 10
The physical properties of the whiskers used are as shown in Table 2 below.
第２表
ＢＫ−１ｏｏ ｌ Ｏ’ １０〜２０ ０．２〜０
．５８に−２００１〜５１０〜２０ ０．２〜０．５３
に−３００１０−１１０〜２０ ０．２〜０．５ＷＫ−
１００１０” ｔｏ〜２０ ０．２〜０．５ここで用い
たウィスカーはに、０・ｎＴｔ０２−ｘの組成式で示さ
れ、式中Ｏ！−８で示されるごとく、結晶構造中の酸素
を引き抜いて欠陥格子を作ることにより導電性を付与し
たものである。Table 2 BK-1oo l O' 10~20 0.2~0
．． 58 -2001~510~20 0.2~0.53
-30010-110~20 0.2~0.5WK-
10010" to ~20 0.2~0.5 The whiskers used here have a compositional formula of 0.nTt02-x, and as shown by O!-8 in the formula, oxygen in the crystal structure is extracted. Conductivity is imparted by creating a defect lattice.
これら実施例２〜６および比較例１〜３にて得られたキ
ャリア各々に、実施例１（ｉｉ）および（ｉｉｉ）と同
様、トナーＡおよびトナーＢを用いて各２種の現像剤を
得た。実施例１と同様の試験を行った結果を次の第３表
に示す。Two types of developers were obtained using toner A and toner B for each of the carriers obtained in Examples 2 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, as in Example 1 (ii) and (iii). Ta. The results of the same test as in Example 1 are shown in Table 3 below.
第３表
実施例１ １．２Ｘ１０’″Ｏ−１３−１４−１４−１
３０〃２ １．８刈Ｏ１！○ −１４−１５−１６−
１５０〃３５．９ＸＩＯ”Ｏ−１３−１３−１４−１３
０＃ ４ ９．６Ｘ１０目○ −１４−１４−１５
−１３０〃５６．７Ｘ１０”Ｏ−１３−１３−１３−１
３０〃６１．３ＸｌＯ”○−１４−１５−１５−１４０
比較例１ ２．１ＸＩＯ”△ −１１−１３−１６−
１ｏ ｘ△ １３１５１１１０ Ｘ
／／２１．３Ｘ１０”△−１１−１３−１５−９Ｘ△
１３１５１２ ９ Ｘ
〃３７．６ＸＩＯ’ Ｘ −１２−１３−１４−１ｏ
Ｘｘ １４１５１３１２ Ｘ
第３表より明らかなごとく、実施例２〜６にて得られた
キャリアを用いた現像剤の場合、トナー帯電性および耐
刷性はいずれら実施例１と同様良好であった。すなわち
、耐刷試験を行ったところ初期および耐刷後と乙に画質
に優れ、キャリア現像やキャリア付着が全くなく、使用
した感光体の表面も良好であった。Table 3 Example 1 1.2X10'''O-13-14-14-1
30〃2 1.8 cut O1! ○ -14-15-16-
150〃35.9XIO"O-13-13-14-13
0# 4 9.6X10th ○ -14-14-15
-130〃56.7X10"O-13-13-13-1
30〃61.3XlO"○-14-15-15-140
Comparative example 1 2.1XIO"△ -11-13-16-
1o x△ 13151110 X //21.3X10”△-11-13-15-9X△
131512 9 X 〃37.6XIO' X -12-13-14-1o
Xx 14151312 That is, when a printing durability test was conducted, the image quality was excellent at the initial stage and after printing, and there was no carrier development or carrier adhesion at all, and the surface of the photoreceptor used was also good.
これに対して、比較例１および２のキャリアを用いた場
合は、トナーＡ１ トナーＢいずれの場合も、実施例と
比較して、帯電の立ち上がりが遅く、かつ帯電は不安定
であった。また、耐刷試験時および高湿下において、帯
電性の変化によるＩＤ低下、かぶり等が発生した。また
、初期よりキャリア現像が発生し、耐刷テストを行なっ
ていくにつれ悪化した。On the other hand, when the carriers of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were used, both Toner A1 and Toner B, the charging start-up was slower and the charging was unstable compared to the Example. Further, during a printing durability test and under high humidity conditions, ID reduction, fogging, etc. occurred due to changes in chargeability. In addition, carrier development occurred from the beginning and worsened as printing durability tests were conducted.
また、比較例３は電気抵抗値がかなり低くなり、耐刷時
および耐湿時において帯電性が不安定となりＩＤの低下
、かぶり等の問題が発生し、特にキャリア現像について
は初期より悪化し耐刷テストを行っていくにつれ悪化し
た。In addition, in Comparative Example 3, the electrical resistance value was quite low, and the charging property became unstable during printing and humidity resistance, causing problems such as a decrease in ID and fogging. In particular, carrier development deteriorated from the initial stage, and the charging performance became unstable during printing and humidity resistance. It got worse as the tests progressed.
発明の効果
本発明の静電潜像現像用キャリアは、高い電気抵抗を有
して速やかな帯電の立ち上がりを示すとともに部分的に
導電性を有して安定した摩擦帯電量が確保でき耐久性に
優れる。また、耐刷時および高湿下において、かぶり、
キャリア現像がない。Effects of the Invention The carrier for developing electrostatic latent images of the present invention has high electrical resistance and exhibits rapid charge build-up, and is partially conductive to ensure a stable amount of triboelectric charge and is durable. Excellent. In addition, during printing and under high humidity, fogging and
There is no carrier development.
特許出廓人 ミノルタカメラ株式会社Patent distributor: Minolta Camera Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
を含有することを特徴とする静電荷像現像用キャリア。(1) A carrier for developing electrostatic images characterized by containing a thermoplastic resin, magnetic powder, and non-insulating whiskers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62283674A JP2590962B2 (en) | 1987-11-10 | 1987-11-10 | Carrier for developing electrostatic images |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62283674A JP2590962B2 (en) | 1987-11-10 | 1987-11-10 | Carrier for developing electrostatic images |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01124868A true JPH01124868A (en) | 1989-05-17 |
| JP2590962B2 JP2590962B2 (en) | 1997-03-19 |
Family
ID=17668595
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62283674A Expired - Lifetime JP2590962B2 (en) | 1987-11-10 | 1987-11-10 | Carrier for developing electrostatic images |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2590962B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5654120A (en) * | 1994-10-05 | 1997-08-05 | Toda Kogyo Corporation | Magnetic carrier for electrophotography |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56114954A (en) * | 1980-02-18 | 1981-09-09 | Toray Ind Inc | Dry type toner |
-
1987
- 1987-11-10 JP JP62283674A patent/JP2590962B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56114954A (en) * | 1980-02-18 | 1981-09-09 | Toray Ind Inc | Dry type toner |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5654120A (en) * | 1994-10-05 | 1997-08-05 | Toda Kogyo Corporation | Magnetic carrier for electrophotography |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2590962B2 (en) | 1997-03-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |