JP7327852B1 - 有用成分包含タウリン結晶を配合した皮膚外用剤組成物 - Google Patents
有用成分包含タウリン結晶を配合した皮膚外用剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7327852B1 JP7327852B1 JP2022204969A JP2022204969A JP7327852B1 JP 7327852 B1 JP7327852 B1 JP 7327852B1 JP 2022204969 A JP2022204969 A JP 2022204969A JP 2022204969 A JP2022204969 A JP 2022204969A JP 7327852 B1 JP7327852 B1 JP 7327852B1
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Abstract
Description
また、結晶に他の成分を含有させる技術については、これらの組成物は水が存在しない状態での粉末の混合物であったり、油類の中に分散状態で存在するものであり、非水系での利用に用途が限定されるものであった。
水溶性結晶内に、有用な有機化合物、ペプチド、色素などを安定的に含有することができれば、結晶に着色をすることや、様々な製剤中に安定的に有用成分を配合することが可能となる。本発明の目的は、有用成分の皮内への新たな送達手段を提供することにある。
本発明は、以下に示す通りである。
〔1〕 結晶中に有用成分を包含するタウリンの微細針状結晶を含有することを特徴とする皮膚外用剤組成物。
〔2〕 前記タウリンの微細針状結晶が少なくとも一部分散されて含有していることを特徴とする、〔1〕に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
〔3〕 前記タウリンの微細針状結晶中に空間を有し、該空間中に有用成分が内包されていることを特徴とする、〔1〕に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
〔4〕 前記タウリンの微細針状結晶の太さ150マイクロメートル以下、長さ3000マイクロメートル以下である、〔1〕に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
〔5〕 前記有用成分が、ビタミン類及びビタミン誘導体、ハイドロキノン及びその誘導体、美白成分、抗炎症成分、抗酸化成分、血行促進成分、細胞賦活成分、補酵素及びその中間代謝物、糖類、植物抽出成分、ペプチド、タンパク質、並びに色素からなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上であることを特徴とする、〔1〕又は〔3〕に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
〔6〕 前記タウリンの微細針状結晶中の空間容積が、タウリン結晶体積中の0.001%~30%を占めることを特徴とする、〔3〕に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
〔7〕 前記タウリンの微細針状結晶中の有用成分の包含率が0.001%~30%であることを特徴とする、〔3〕に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
〔8〕 さらに、皮膚外用剤組成物媒体中にも前記有用成分が溶解ないし分散している、〔1〕に記載の皮膚用外用剤組成物。
〔9〕 タウリンが溶解した水溶液(A)を、タウリンの溶解性の低い液体物質(B)に混合、又は接触させた環境下で結晶成長させる工程を含み、ここで、該水溶液(A)中又は該液体物質(B)中に有用成分が溶解又は分散していることにより、該有用成分は、結晶成長に伴って該結晶に包含されることを特徴とする、結晶中に有用成分を包含するタウリンの微細針状結晶の製造方法。
〔10〕 前記液体物質(B)が水溶性有機溶媒であることを特徴とする、〔9〕に記載の製造方法。
〔11〕 前記有用成分の濃度が、前記水溶液(A)中又は前記液体物質(B)中、0.001質量%以上であることを特徴とする、〔9〕に記載の製造方法。
〔12〕 前記水溶液(A)中のタウリンの濃度が3~28質量%であることを特徴とする、〔9〕に記載の製造方法。
〔13〕 前記液体物質(B)が、前記水溶液(A)全量に対して50質量%以下であることを特徴とする、〔9〕に記載の製造方法。
〔14〕 前記水溶性有機溶媒が、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、エチレングリコール、1,2-プロパンジオール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,2-ブタンジオール、1,3-ブタンジオール、イソプレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、グリセリン、ジグリセリン、1,2-ペンタンジオール、1,2-ヘキサンジオール、シクロヘキシルグリセリン、及びn-ヘキシルグリセリンからなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上であることを特徴とする、〔10〕に記載の製造方法。
〔15〕 結晶中に有用成分を包含するタウリンの微細針状結晶を含有する皮膚外用剤組成物の製造方法であって、下記工程:
タウリンが溶解した水溶液(A)を、タウリンの溶解性の低い液体物質(B)に混合、又は接触させた環境下で結晶成長させる工程、ここで、該水溶液(A)中又は該液体物質(B)中に有用成分が溶解又は分散していることにより、該有用成分は、結晶成長に伴って該結晶に包含される、及び、
前記結晶成長させる工程で得られた、結晶中に有用成分を包含するタウリンの微細針状結晶を皮膚外用剤組成物に配合する工程、
を含む、製造方法。
〔16〕 前記有用成分の濃度が、前記水溶液(A)中又は前記液体物質(B)中、0.001質量%以上であることを特徴とする、〔15〕に記載の製造方法。
〔17〕 前記水溶液(A)中のタウリン濃度が3~28質量%であることを特徴とする、〔15〕に記載の製造方法。
〔18〕 前記液体物質(B)が、前記水溶液(A)全量に対して50質量%以下であることを特徴とする、〔15〕に記載の製造方法。
〔19〕 前記液体物質(B)が水溶性有機溶媒であり、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、エチレングリコール、1,2-プロパンジオール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,2-ブタンジオール、1,3-ブタンジオール、イソプレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、グリセリン、ジグリセリン、1,2-ペンタンジオール、1,2-ヘキサンジオール、シクロヘキシルグリセリン、及びn-ヘキシルグリセリンからなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上であることを特徴とする、〔15〕~〔18〕のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
本発明におけるタウリンの微細針状結晶は、タウリンが溶解した水溶液(A)を、タウリンの溶解性の低い液体物質(B)(例えば、水溶性有機溶媒)と混合すること、または、タウリンが溶解した水溶液(A)とタウリンの溶解性の低い液体物質(B)(例えば、水溶性有機溶媒)とを接触させること(例えば、水溶液(A)に液体物質(B)を静かに注ぐことで界面を形成させること)、等により、タウリンの極端に溶解度の低い状態を作り出し、そこで再結晶を進行させること(結晶成長させること)で製造することが可能である。得られるタウリンの微細針状結晶は、結晶形が制御されている。また、結晶を製造する際にタウリンの微細針状結晶中に中空部分が形成されるが、この中空部分を空間容積と定義する。
したがって、前記タウリンの微細針状結晶は、該タウリンの微細針状結晶中に空間を有する 。前記タウリンの微細針状結晶の前記空間容積は、タウリン結晶体積中の0.001%~30%を占めることが好ましく、0.1%~30%を占めることがより好ましい。ここで、タウリン微細針状結晶の空間容積の大きさは、結晶の顕微鏡写真を解析することにより算定される。
本発明における有用成分包含タウリンの微細結晶は、針状結晶であるが、柱状結晶であってもよい。ここで、針状結晶とは、結晶の長径が短径の3倍以上の形状をいい、柱状結晶とは、結晶の長径が短径の3倍未満の形状をいう。本発明におけるタウリンの微細針状又は柱状結晶は、原料タウリンの塊状結晶とは顕微鏡観察により区別できる結晶形である。微細針状結晶の一例を図2に示し、塊状結晶の一例を図3に示す。以下、本発明に使用するタウリン再結晶を、タウリン微細針状結晶と称する。
タウリン微細針状結晶の大きさは、皮膚外用剤組成物に含有させて使用する時にザラザラとした感触が残らず、さらさらとした塗布感を付与する観点から、太さが150マイクロメートル以下、長さが3000マイクロメートル以下であることが好ましく、太さ5~150マイクロメートル、長さ100~3000マイクロメートルであることがより好ましく、太さ10~100マイクロメートル、長さ100~2000マイクロメートルであることがさらに好ましく、太さ10~60マイクロメートル、長さ150~2000マイクロメートルであることが最も好ましい。
ここで、結晶の太さ、長さについては、デジタルマイクロスコープ(株式会社キーエンス製デジタルマイクロスコープ VHX-7000)を用いて計測を行った際の、太さとは結晶の短辺の長さであり、長さとは結晶の長辺の長さである。
太さ150マイクロメートル、長さ3000マイクロメートルを超える結晶形(例えば、原料として市販されている、タウリン結晶及びタウリン結晶性粉末)は、塗布時にザラザラとした異物感が肌上に残るため好ましくない。
具体的な再結晶(結晶成長)条件とは、タウリンが溶解した水溶液(A)を、タウリンの溶解性の低い液体物質(B)に混合、又は接触させた環境下で結晶成長させる工程である。
前記ビタミン類およびビタミン誘導体、ハイドロキノンおよびその誘導体、美白成分、抗炎症成分、抗酸化成分、血行促進成分、細胞賦活成分、補酵素およびその中間代謝物には、例えば、ニコチン酸アミド、グリチルリチン酸塩、トラネキサム酸、L-アスコルビン酸-2-グルコシド、アスコルビルリン酸ナトリウム、グリセリルアスコルビン酸、ビスグリセリルアスコルビン酸、3-グリセリルアスコルビン酸、ヘキシル3-グリセリルアスコルビン酸、ミリスチル3-グリセリルアスコルビン酸、3-ラウリルグリセリルアスコルビン酸、アルブチン、コウジ酸、アラントイン、シアノコバラミン、リボフラビン、ピリドキシン塩、グルコシルヘスペリジン、テトラヘキシルデカン酸アスコルビル、3-O-エチルアスコルビン酸、酢酸トコフェロール、銅クロロフィリンナトリウム、葉酸、ハイドロキノン、ユビキノン、ピロロキノリンキノン、トパキノン、トリプトファン-トリプトフィルキノン、リシンチロシルキノン、システニル-トリプトファンキノン、チアミン二リン酸、パントテン酸、ビオチン、アデノシン三リン酸、ウリジン二リン酸グルコース、リボヌクレオチド、デオキシヌクレオチド、ニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチド、β-カロテン、アスタキサンチンが含まれる。
前記糖類には、D-グリセリルアルデヒド、ジヒドロキシアセトン、D-エリトロ-ス、D-エリトルロ-ス、Dートレオ-ス、エリスリトール、L-アラビノ-ス、D-キシロ-ス、L-リキソ-ス、D-アラビノ-ス、D-リボ-ス、D-リブロ-ス、D-キシルロ-ス、L-キシルロ-ス、D-グルコ-ス、D-タロ-ス、D-ブシコ-ス、D-ガラクト-ス、D-フルクト-ス、L-ガラクト-ス、L-マンノ-ス、D-タガト-ス、アルドヘプト-ス、ヘプロ-ス、オクツロ-ス等、2-デオキシ-D-リボ-ス、6-デオキシ-L-ガラクト-ス、6-デオキシ-L-マンノ-ス、D-グルコサミン、D-ガラクトサミン、シアル酸、アミノウロン酸、ムラミン酸等、D-グルクロン酸、D-マンヌロン酸、L-グルロン酸、D-ガラクツロン酸、L-イズロン酸ソルビトール、スクロース、マンニトール、フルクトース、ラフィノース、マルトース、キシリトール、マルチトール、パラチノース、アラビノース、マルトトリオ-ス、ショ糖、エリトリトール、グルコ-ス、デンプン分解糖、グンチアノース、ウンベリフェロース、ラクトース、プランテオース、イソリクノース類、トレハロース、リクノース類、ウンビリシン、スタキオースベルバスコース、加水分解水添デンプン、グリセルグルコシドが含まれる。
前記植物抽出成分には、例えば、オタネニンジン、アシタバ、アルニカ、イチョウ、ウイキョウ、ウコン、エンメイソウ、オランダカシ、カミツレ、ローマカミツレ、カロット、ゲンチアナ、ゴボウ、コメ、サンザシ、シイタケ、ショウガ、セイヨウサンザシ、セイヨウネズ、センキュウ、センブリ、タイム、チョウジ、チンピ、トウガラシ、トウキ、トウニン、トウヒ、ニンジン、ニンニク、ブッチャーブルーム、ブドウ、ボタン、マロニエ、メリッサ、ユズ、ヨクイニン、リョクチャ、ローズマリー、ローズヒップ、チンピ、トウキ、トウヒ、モモ、アンズ、クルミ、トウモロコシ、ゴールデンカモミール、イクタモール、カンタリスチンキ、セファランチンが含まれる。
前記ペプチドには、(アルギニン/リシン)ポリペプチド、3-アスコルビルカルボニルジペプチド、アセチルシクロヘキサペプチド、アセチルテトラペプチド、アセチルテトラペプチド、アセチルテトラペプチド、アセチルテトラペプチド、アセチルヘキサペプチド、アセチルヘキサペプチド、アセチルヘプタペプチド、アセチルペンタペプチド、オリゴペプチド、カフェオイルトリペプチド、カプリロイルジペプチド、カプリロイル合成ヒトノナペプチド、ジペプチド、ジ酢酸ジペプチドジアミノブチロイルベンジルアミド、デカペプチド、テトラペプチド、トリフルオロアセチルトリペプチド、トリペプチド、トリペプチド-1銅、ノナペプチド、パルミチン酸ヘプタペプチド、パルミトイルオクタペプチド、パルミトイルオリゴペプチド、パルミトイルジペプチド、パルミトイルジペプチド-5ジアミノヒドロキシ酪酸、パルミトイルジペプチド-5ジアミノブチロイルヒドロキシトレオニン、パルミトイルテトラペプチド、ヒト遺伝子組換オリゴペプチド、ヒト遺伝子組換ポリペプチド、合成ヒトノナペプチド、酢酸N-プロリルパルミトイルトリペプチド、酢酸ヘキサノイルジペプチド-3ノルロイシンが含まれる。
前記タンパク質には、アーモンドタンパク、コメタンパク、コムギタンパク、コムギ胚芽タンパク、ダイズタンパク、トウモロコシグルテンタンパク、真珠層タンパクが含まれる。
前記色素には、天然色素と合成色素が含まれ、天然色素としては、例えば、クチナシ黄色素、ベニバナ黄色素、ウコン色素、ベニコウジ黄色素、マリーゴールド色素、ベニコウジ色素、クチナシ赤色素、ベニバナ赤色素、トマト色素、コチニール色素、シソ色素、アカキャベツ色素、アカダイコン色素、ムラサキイモ色素、ブドウ果皮色素、カカオ色素、カラメル色素、クチナシ青色素、など、合成色素としては、例えば、赤色201号、赤色202号、赤色204号、赤色205号、赤色220号、赤色226号、赤色228号、赤色405号、橙色203号、橙色204号、黄色205号、黄色401号、及び青色404号等の有機顔料、赤色3号、赤色104号、赤色106号、赤色227号、赤色230号、赤色401号、赤色505号、橙色205号、黄色4号、黄色5号、黄色202号、黄色203号、緑色3号及び青色1号などが挙げられる。
タウリンの微細針状結晶に、上記有用成分を、1種または2種以上を包含させることが可能である。
包含する有用成分の量は、結晶全体の重量に占める有用成分の包含量を包含率として示した際に、0.001~30質量%であることが好ましく、0.001~25質量%がより好ましく、0.001~20質量%が最も好ましい。
0.001質量%未満では包含する有用成分の効果が十分に得られないため、好ましくない。
化粧油剤、軟膏剤については、有用成分包含タウリン微細針状結晶は、ろ過、乾燥したものを配合することで調製することが可能である。
タウリンが溶解した水溶液(A)を、タウリンの溶解性の低い液体物質(B)に混合、又は接触させた環境下で結晶成長させる工程、ここで、該水溶液(A)中又は該液体物質(B)中に有用成分が溶解又は分散していることにより、該有用成分は、結晶成長に伴って該結晶に包含される、及び、
前記結晶成長させる工程で得られた、結晶中に有用成分を包含するタウリンの微細針状結晶を皮膚外用剤組成物に配合する工程。
タウリン10%、シアノコバラミン0.1%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、室温まで放冷し、24時間静置後析出した結晶を濾別、乾燥し、桃色結晶物を得た。
タウリン10%、シアノコバラミン0.1%、エタノール15mLを含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、室温まで放冷し、24時間静置後析出した結晶を濾別、乾燥し、桃色結晶物を得た。
タウリン10%、ニコチン酸アミド5.0%、エタノール15mLを含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、室温まで放冷し、24時間静置後析出した結晶を濾別、乾燥し、無色透明の結晶を得た。得られた結晶を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析し、ニコチン酸アミドが含有されていることを確認した。
タウリン10%、ニコチン酸アミド5.0%、エタノール15mLを含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、スパチュラで攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、析出した結晶を濾別、乾燥し、無色透明の結晶を得た。得られた結晶を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析し、ニコチン酸アミドが含有されていることを確認した。
タウリン10%、グリセリン10%、ニコチン酸アミド0.0008%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、エタノール15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥させた。得られた結晶を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、ニコチン酸アミドは検出されなかった。
タウリン2.5%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、静置後、ニコチン酸アミド5%含有エタノール溶液80mLをゆっくりと注いだが、結晶は得られなかった。
タウリン10%、シアノコバラミン0.1%を含む水溶液100mLを60℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、15mLの1,3-ブタンジオールをディスパーで強攪拌しながら添加し、析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、桃色結晶物を得た。
タウリン10%、グリセリン10%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、シアノコバラミン1.0%含有エタノール溶液15mLをディスパーで強攪拌しながら添加し、析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、桃色結晶物を得た。
タウリン15%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら40℃まで冷却し、静置後、40℃に加温したシアノコバラミン1%含有エタノール溶液15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、桃色結晶物を得た。
タウリン10%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、静置後、ニコチン酸アミド5%含有エタノール溶液15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、無色透明の結晶を得た。得られた結晶を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析し、ニコチン酸アミドが含有されていることを確認した。
タウリン5%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、静置後、3-O-エチルアスコルビン酸5%含有エタノール溶液15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、無色透明の結晶を得た。得られた結晶を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析し、3-O-エチルアスコルビン酸が含有されていることを確認した。
タウリン20%、グリチルリチン酸ジカリウム3%を含む水溶液100mLを70℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら50℃まで冷却し、静置後、50℃に加温した1,3-プロパンジオール15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、50%エタノール水溶液で洗浄後、乾燥し、無色透明の結晶を得た。得られた結晶を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析し、グリチルリチン酸ジカリウムが含有されていることを確認した。
タウリン8%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、静置後、L-アスコルビン酸-2-グルコシド5%含有エタノール溶液15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、無色透明の結晶を得た。得られた結晶を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析し、L-アスコルビン酸-2-グルコシドが含有されていることを確認した。
タウリン25%およびアルブチン5%を含む水溶液100mLを80℃に加温し均一溶解後、静置し、80℃に加温した1,3-ブチレングリコール15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、無色透明の結晶を得た。得られた結晶を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析し、アルブチンが含有されていることを確認した。
タウリン10%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、静置後、テトラヘキシルデカン酸アスコルビル10%含有エタノール溶液15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、無色透明の結晶を得た。得られた結晶を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析し、テトラヘキシルデカン酸アスコルビルが含有されていることを確認した。
タウリン15%、アラントイン0.01%を含む水溶液100mLを60℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら40℃まで冷却し、静置後、エタノール15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、50%エタノール水溶液で洗浄後、乾燥し、無色透明の結晶を得た。得られた結晶を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析し、アラントインが含有されていることを確認した。
タウリン12%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、静置後、酢酸トコフェロール0.1%含有エタノール溶液15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、無色透明の結晶を得た。得られた結晶を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析し、酢酸トコフェロールが含有されていることを確認した。
タウリン10%、銅クロロフィリンナトリウム0.5%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、静置後、エタノール15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、50%エタノール水溶液で洗浄後、乾燥し、緑色結晶物を得た。
タウリン10%、クチナシ青1%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、静置後、エタノール15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、50%エタノール水溶液で洗浄後、乾燥し、青色結晶物を得た。
タウリン12%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら35℃まで冷却し、静置後、40℃に加温したユビデカレノン5%含有エタノール溶液15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、40℃に加温したエタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、ユビデカレノンを含む淡黄色の針状結晶を得た。
タウリン10%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら35℃まで冷却し、静置後、β-カロテンの懸濁液(β-カロテン30%懸濁液:DSM株式会社)3%含有エタノール溶液15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、40℃に加温したエタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、β-カロテンを含む淡桃色の針状結晶を得た。
タウリン8%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら35℃まで冷却し、静置後、アスタキサンチン溶解液(アスタキサンチン-5C:オリザ油化株式会社)3%含有エタノール溶液15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、40℃に加温したエタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、アスタキサンチンを含む橙色の針状結晶を得た。
化粧油剤については、A相を100℃に加熱し混合後、25℃まで冷却し、B層のタウリン結晶物を混合することで結晶を含有した化粧油剤を調製した。
タウリン10質量%、グリセリン10質量%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら40℃まで冷却し、静置後、40℃に加温したウラニン(蛍光性物質)5質量%含有エタノール溶液15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、橙黄色結晶物を得た。得られた結晶物の顕微鏡写真を図4-7に示す。
図4-7に示すように、得られたタウリンの微細結晶の形状は針状であった。微細針状結晶は、最大太さ30マイクロメートル、最大長さ230マイクロメートルであった。
図5及び7に示すように、得られた結晶を蛍光顕微鏡で観察したところ、ウラニンが結晶内に内包されていることが確認された。
実施例17で得られた結晶を配合した下記の組成物を調製し、内包成分の皮内への浸透について評価を行った。
〔A〕
精製水 81.60質量%
タウリン 8.00質量%
カルボキシビニルポリマー 0.20質量%
〔B〕
アルギニン 0.20質量%
〔C〕
実施例17で得られた微細針状結晶 10.0質量%
得られた組成物をヒト摘出皮膚(厚み700マイクロメートル)(米国組織バンクから提供)に塗布し、5分後の皮膚断面の蛍光観察を行ったところ、ウラニンを含む微細針状結晶が刺さり、角層、表皮、真皮に到達していることが確認された(図8)。
さらに、30分後の状態を観察したところ、皮膚に刺さった結晶が溶解し、皮膚内にウラニンが拡散していることが確認された(図9)。
グリチルリチン酸ジカリウムを内包した微細針状結晶を調製し、グリチルリチン酸ジカリウムの皮内への浸透量について測定を行った。
タウリン10質量%、グリチルリチン酸ジカリウム3質量%を含む水溶液100mLを60℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら40℃まで冷却し、静置後、エタノール15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、結晶物を得た。
得られたタウリンの微細結晶の形状は針状であった。微細針状結晶は、最大太さ30マイクロメートル、最大長さ180マイクロメートルであった。
また、得られた結晶を液体クロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、0.101質量%のグリチルリチン酸ジカリウムが含有されていることが確認された。
この微細針状結晶10質量%を含む下表の組成物、および、これと同濃度となるようにグリチルリチン酸ジカリウムを溶解した比較例の組成物を調製し、得られた組成物をヒト皮膚に塗布した際のグリチルリチン酸ジカリウムの皮内への浸透量を比較した。
6時間後、試料皮膚よりテープストリッピングにより角質層と表皮・真皮を分離し、角質層、表皮・真皮、レセプター溶液のそれぞれに含まれているグリチルリチン酸ジカリウムを高速液体クロマトグラフにより定量を行った。
〔A〕
精製水 71.60質量%
タウリン 7.80質量%
グリセリン 5.00質量%
ジグリセリン 0.50質量%
ベタイン 0.50質量%
フェノキシエタノール 0.30質量%
〔B〕
ジプロピレングリコール 10.00質量%
1,2-ペンタンジオール 2.50質量%
〔C〕
(アクリレーツ/メタクリル酸ステアレス-20)コポリマー 0.45質量%
精製水 1.05質量%
〔D〕
実施例1で得られた結晶 0.30質量%
80℃に加温し、均一溶解したA相を35℃まで冷却し、攪拌しながらB相に加え、35℃で10分間攪拌した。これにC相を加え、ホモミキサーで10分間攪拌し均一混合後、D相の結晶を加え、5分間攪拌し、化粧水組成物を得た。
得られた組成物中のタウリンの微細結晶の形状は針状で、最大太さ30マイクロメートル、最大長さ300マイクロメートルであり、組成物の使用感は滑らかで、使用感の良好な組成物が得られた。
〔A〕
精製水 71.40質量%
タウリン 8.00質量%
グリセリン 5.00質量%
ラフィノース 0.50質量%
フェノキシエタノール 0.30質量%
〔B〕
ジプロピレングリコール 10.00質量%
1,2-ペンタンジオール 2.50質量%
〔C〕
ポリアクリレートクロスポリマー-6 2.00質量%
〔D〕
実施例14で得られた結晶 0.30質量%
80℃に加温し、均一溶解したA相を35℃まで冷却し、攪拌しながらB相に加え、35℃で10分間攪拌し、タウリンの微細針状結晶を析出させた。これにC相を加え、ホモミキサーで10分間攪拌し均一混合後、D相の結晶を加え、5分間攪拌し、水性ゲル組成物を得た。
得られた組成物中のタウリンの微細結晶の形状は針状で、最大太さ30マイクロメートル、最大長さ230マイクロメートルであった。得られた組成物の使用感は滑らかで、使用感の良好な組成物が得られた。
〔A〕
精製水 60.20質量%
タウリン 8.00質量%
グリセリン 5.00質量%
〔B〕
1,3-プロパンジオール 15.00質量%
3-O-エチルアスコルビン酸 3.00質量%
ペンチレングリコール 1.50質量%
フェノキシエタノール 0.30質量%
〔C〕
(アクリル酸ヒドロキシエチル/アクリロイルジメチルタウリンNa)コポリマー 0.75質量%
イソヘキサデカン 0.45質量%
ポリソルベート80 0.15質量%
精製水 0.65質量%
〔D〕
スクワラン 5.00質量%
80℃に加温し、均一溶解したA相を35℃まで冷却し、攪拌しながらB相に加え、35℃で10分間攪拌し、タウリンの微細針状結晶を析出させた。これにC相の混合物を加え、ホモミキサーで5分間攪拌し均一混合後、D相を加え10分間ホモミキサーで攪拌して乳化し、乳液組成物を得た。
得られた組成物中のタウリンの微細結晶の形状は針状で、最大太さ30マイクロメートル、最大長さ250マイクロメートルであり、高速液体クロマトグラフィーの分析により、3-O-エチルアスコルビン酸が含有されていることが確認された。得られた組成物の使用感は滑らかで、使用感の良好な組成物が得られた。
〔A〕
精製水 63.00質量%
タウリン 8.00質量%
グリセリン 5.00質量%
ニコチン酸アミド 5.00質量%
〔B〕
1,3-プロパンジオール 15.00質量%
ペンチレングリコール 1.50質量%
フェノキシエタノール 0.30質量%
〔C〕
(アクリル酸ヒドロキシエチル/アクリロイルジメチルタウリンNa)コポリマー 0.75質量%
ポリソルベート80 0.15質量%
精製水 0.65質量%
〔D〕
スクワラン 0.65質量%
80℃に加温し、均一溶解したA相を35℃まで冷却し、攪拌しながらB相に加え、35℃で10分間攪拌し、タウリンの微細針状結晶を析出させた。これにC相の混合物を加え、ホモミキサーで5分間攪拌し均一混合後、D相を加え10分間ホモミキサーで攪拌して乳化し、O/W型クリーム組成物を得た。
得られた組成物中のタウリンの微細結晶の形状は針状で、最大太さ30マイクロメートル、最大長さ250マイクロメートルであり、高速液体クロマトグラフィーの分析により、ニコチン酸アミドが含有されていることが確認された。得られた組成物の使用感は滑らかで、使用感の良好な組成物が得られた。
〔A〕
精製水 32.30質量%
タウリン 7.00質量%
グリセリン 5.00質量%
L-アスコルビン酸-2-グルコシド 2.00質量%
〔B〕
1,3-プロパンジオール 9.00質量%
1,2-ヘキサンジオール 0.70質量%
フェノキシエタノール 0.30質量%
〔C〕
ミリスチン酸イソプロピル 33.70質量%
ホホバ油 5.00質量%
ポリリシノレイン酸ポリグリセリル-6 3.25質量%
イソステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-2 1.00質量%
ジステアルジモニウムヘクトライト 0.75質量%
80℃に加温し、均一溶解したA相を35℃まで冷却し、攪拌しながらB相に加え、35℃で10分間攪拌し、タウリンの微細針状結晶を析出させた。この混合液を均一混合したC相にホモミキサーをかけながらで5分間かけて加えたのち、10分間ホモミキサーで攪拌して乳化し、W/O型クリーム組成物を得た。
得られた組成物中のタウリンの微細結晶の形状は針状で、最大太さ25マイクロメートル、最大長さ200マイクロメートルであり、高速液体クロマトグラフィーの分析により、L-アスコルビン酸-2-グルコシドが含有されていることが確認された。得られた組成物の使用感は滑らかで、使用感の良好な組成物が得られた。
〔A〕
2-エチルヘキサン酸セチル 63.40質量%
水添ポリデセン 29.00質量%
水添(スチレン/イソプレン)コポリマー 7.00質量%
トコフェロール 0.10質量%
〔B〕
実施例11で得られたタウリン微細針状結晶 0.50質量%
A相を100℃に加温し、均一になるまで攪拌した。これを35℃まで冷却しB相を加え、攪拌して均一に分散し、化粧油組成物を得た。
得られた組成物中のタウリンの微細結晶の形状は針状で、最大太さ40マイクロメートル、最大長さ520マイクロメートルであった。得られた組成物の使用感は滑らかで、使用感の良好な組成物が得られた。
以上において製造した各種有用成分入りタウリンにおいて、有用成分がタウリン結晶中に包含されていることを実証する試験を実施した。以下に記載するのは実施例14において製造したアスタキサンチン入りタウリン針状結晶のX線回折の結果である。
対照として、タウリン単独の針状結晶を以下の工程により製造した。
タウリン10%を含む水溶液100mLを50℃に加温し均一溶解後、攪拌しながら30℃まで冷却し、静置後、エタノール15mLをゆっくりと注ぎ、二相に分離した界面で析出した結晶を濾別、エタノールで洗浄後、乾燥し、無色透明の結晶を得た。
株式会社リガク社製X線回折装置、型番 SmartLabを用いてタウリン針状結晶及びアスタキサンチン含有タウリン針状結晶のX線回折を実施した。X線はCuKα線(波長=0.154nm)を用い、出力45kV、200mA、検出器にHyPix-3000を使用し、2θ/θ測定法で、走査速度10°/分で、2θが10~80°の範囲について測定を行った。
得られたX線回折パターンを図1に示す。上がアスタキサンチン含有タウリン結晶、下がタウリン結晶からの回折パターンである。
上記の結果からアスタキサンチン入りタウリン結晶とタウリン結晶とは同一の回折パターンを示さない。111面と200面の回折角を下記表8にまとめる。具体的には、111面と200面の広がりをBraggの式を用いて下記のデータから格子定数を計算した(2θが小さくなることは面間隔の広がりを示す)。
Claims (12)
- 結晶中に有用成分を包含するタウリンの微細針状結晶を含有することを特徴とする皮膚外用剤組成物。
- 前記タウリンの微細針状結晶が少なくとも一部分散されて含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
- 前記タウリンの微細針状結晶中に空間を有し、該空間中に有用成分が内包されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
- 前記タウリンの微細針状結晶が、太さ150マイクロメートル以下、長さ3000マイクロメートル以下である、請求項1に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
- 前記有用成分が、ビタミン類及びビタミン誘導体、ハイドロキノン及びその誘導体、美白成分、抗炎症成分、抗酸化成分、血行促進成分、細胞賦活成分、補酵素及びその中間代謝物、糖類、植物抽出成分、ペプチド、タンパク質、並びに色素からなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は3に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
- 前記タウリンの微細針状結晶中の空間容積が、タウリン結晶体積中の0.001%~30%を占めることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
- 前記タウリンの微細針状結晶中の有用成分の包含率が0.001%~30%であることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
- さらに、皮膚外用剤組成物媒体中にも前記有用成分が溶解ないし分散している、請求項1に記載の皮膚外用剤組成物。
- タウリンが溶解した水溶液(A)を、タウリンの溶解性の低い液体物質(B)に混合、又は接触させた環境下で結晶成長させる工程を含み、ここで、該水溶液(A)又は該液体物質(B)中に有用成分が溶解又は分散していることにより、該有用成分は、結晶成長に伴って該結晶に包含されることを特徴とする、結晶中に有用成分を包含するタウリンの微細針状結晶の製造方法であって、
該液体物質(B)は水溶性有機溶媒であり、該水溶性有機溶媒は、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、エチレングリコール、1,2-プロパンジオール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,2-ブタンジオール、1,3-ブタンジオール、イソプレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、グリセリン、ジグリセリン、1,2-ペンタンジオール、1,2-ヘキサンジオール、シクロヘキシルグリセリン、及びn-ヘキシルグリセリンからなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上であり、
該有用成分の濃度は、該水溶液(A)又は該液体物質(B)中、0.001質量%以上であり、
該水溶液(A)中のタウリンの濃度は、3~28質量%である、製造方法。 - 前記液体物質(B)が、前記水溶液(A)の全量に対して50質量%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の製造方法。
- 結晶中に有用成分を包含するタウリンの微細針状結晶を含有する皮膚外用剤組成物の製造方法であって、下記工程:
タウリンが溶解した水溶液(A)を、タウリンの溶解性の低い液体物質(B)に混合、又は接触させた環境下で結晶成長させる工程、ここで、該水溶液(A)中又は該液体物質(B)中に有用成分が溶解又は分散していることにより、該有用成分は、結晶成長に伴って該結晶に包含される、及び、
前記結晶成長させる工程で得られた、結晶中に有用成分を包含するタウリンの微細針状結晶を皮膚外用剤組成物に配合する工程、
を含み、
該液体物質(B)は水溶性有機溶媒であり、該水溶性有機溶媒は、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、エチレングリコール、1,2-プロパンジオール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,2-ブタンジオール、1,3-ブタンジオール、イソプレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、グリセリン、ジグリセリン、1,2-ペンタンジオール、1,2-ヘキサンジオール、シクロヘキシルグリセリン、及びn-ヘキシルグリセリンからなる群より選ばれる1種又は2種以上であり、
該有用成分の濃度は、該水溶液(A)又は該液体物質(B)中、0.001質量%以上であり、
該水溶液(A)中のタウリン濃度は3~28質量%である、製造方法。 - 前記液体物質(B)が、前記水溶液(A)全量に対して50質量%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の製造方法。
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