JP6999650B2 - 電池に使用される固体-液体電解質 - Google Patents
電池に使用される固体-液体電解質 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6999650B2 JP6999650B2 JP2019511450A JP2019511450A JP6999650B2 JP 6999650 B2 JP6999650 B2 JP 6999650B2 JP 2019511450 A JP2019511450 A JP 2019511450A JP 2019511450 A JP2019511450 A JP 2019511450A JP 6999650 B2 JP6999650 B2 JP 6999650B2
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- liquid electrolyte
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- carbonate
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- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 97
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 179
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000005677 organic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003660 carbonate based solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017008 AsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WVQUCYVTZWVNLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;oxalic acid Chemical compound OB(O)O.OC(=O)C(O)=O WVQUCYVTZWVNLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 23
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229920006373 Solef Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- -1 cyclic alkylene carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000840 electrochemical analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010281 constant-current constant-voltage charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011263 electroactive material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001317 nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001507 sample dispersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(O)C(F)(F)F BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine Chemical compound O1CCOC2=CSC=C21 GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFPREQKUSFFFTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,5-trifluoro-5-(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)OC(=O)OC1(F)F MFPREQKUSFFFTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000927 Ge alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018122 Li 3-x M Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015118 LiMO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002992 LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Fe] Chemical compound [Li].[Fe] QSNQXZYQEIKDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Si] Chemical compound [Li].[Si] ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRTALTYTFFNPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N boroxin Chemical compound B1OBOBO1 BRTALTYTFFNPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003060 catalysis inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001787 chalcogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- BGSFCOHRQUBESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl prop-2-enyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC=C BGSFCOHRQUBESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFKPABFAJKUPTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Ge] YFKPABFAJKUPTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;manganese;nickel;oxocobalt Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Ni].[Co]=O VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003115 supporting electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/16—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte
- H01M6/162—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte characterised by the electrolyte
- H01M6/164—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte characterised by the electrolyte by the solvent
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
- G02F1/1525—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material characterised by a particular ion transporting layer, e.g. electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
- H01G11/06—Hybrid capacitors with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/56—Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/60—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solvent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2004—Light-sensitive devices characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte
- H01G9/2009—Solid electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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Description
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩と、
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒と、
- 沈降シリカと
を含む固体-液体電解質である。
(a)MeI、Me(PF6)、Me(BF4)、Me(ClO4)、Me-ビス(オキサラト)ボレート(「Me(BOB)」)、MeCF3SO3、Me[N(CF3SO2)2]、Me[N(C2F5SO2)2]、Me[N(CF3SO2)(RFSO2)](式中、RFは、C2F5、C4F9、又はCF3OCF2CF2、Me(AsF6)、Me[C(CF3SO2)3]、Me2Sであり、Meは、Li又はNaである)、
(b)
(式中、R’Fは、F、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、C2HF4、C2H2F3、C2H3F2、C2F5、C3F7、C3H2F5、C3H4F3、C4F9、C4H2F7、C4H4F5、C5F11、C3F5OCF3、C2F4OCF3、C2H2F2OCF3及びCF2OCF3からなる群から選択される)、及び
(c)これらの混合物
からなる群から選択される。
・Hydro 2000G試料分散ユニット
・攪拌条件:500rpm
・ポンプ条件:1250rpm
・超音波プローブ:100%
測定パラメータ:
・隠蔽範囲:8~15
・バックグラウンド測定期間:10秒
測定期間:10秒
測定間の遅延:1秒
- 100~270m2/gのBET比表面及び3.0~80.0μmのメジアン粒径、又は
- 300~650m2/gのBET比表面及び3.0~80.0μmのメジアン粒径
を有することができる。
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩と、
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒と、
- 電解質の総重量に対して8.0重量%~25.0重量%の範囲に含まれる量の沈降シリカと
を含む。沈降シリカの重量による量は、電解質の総重量に対して有利には8.5%~25.0%、好ましくは9.0%~25.0%、更には10.0%~25.0%であり得る。
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩と、
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒と、
- 電解質の総重量に対して8.0重量%~15.0重量%、好ましくは9.0重量%~15.0重量%、更には10.0重量%~15.0重量%の範囲に含まれる量の沈降シリカと
を含む固体-液体電解質を提供し、この場合、沈降シリカは、100~270m2/gのBET比表面及び3.0~80.0μmのメジアン粒径を有する。いくつかの例において、メジアン粒径は、5.0μm超、更には6.0μm超であり得る。
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩と、
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒と、
- 電解質の総重量に対して20.0重量%~25.0重量%の範囲に含まれる量の沈降シリカと
を含む固体-液体電解質を提供し、この場合、沈降シリカは、300~650m2/gのBET比表面及び3.0~80.0μmのメジアン粒径を有する。いくつかの例において、メジアン粒径は、5.0μm超、更には6.0μm超であり得る。
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩と、
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒と、
- 電解質の総重量に対して1.0重量%~8.0重量%の量の沈降シリカと
を含む固体-液体電解質を提供する。
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩と、
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒と、
- 電解質の総重量に対して1.0重量%~8.0重量%の範囲に含まれる量の沈降シリカと
を含む固体-液体電解質を提供し、この場合、沈降シリカは、100~270m2/gのBET比表面及び3.0~80.0μmのメジアン粒径を有する。いくつかの例において、メジアン粒径は、5.0μm超、更には6.0μm超であり得る。
- ビニレンカーボネート(VC)、ビニルエチレンカーボネート(VEC)、フルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)、アリルエチルカーボネートなどのフィルム形成カーボネート、
- ポリチオフェン、ポリ(3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェン(PEDOT)などの伝導性コーティング、
- Liビス(トリフルオロスルホニル)イミド、オキサリルジフルオロホウ酸リチウムなどの更なるリチウム塩、
- SO2、CS2、環状アルキル亜硫酸塩などの触媒抑制剤、
- B2O3、有機ボレート、ボロキシンなどの固体電解質界面相(SEI)安定剤、
- ペルフルオロ-オクチル-エチレンカーボネート(PFO-EC)などの界面活性剤、
- ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール、無水コハク酸などの不動態化剤、
- イオン液体
- レドックスシャトル、及び
- 難燃剤
からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの添加剤も好都合に含有し得る。
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性リチウム又はナトリウム塩と、
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒と、
- 沈降シリカと
を含む固体-液体電解質を含むリチウム又はナトリウムイオン一次又は二次電池、好ましくはリチウムイオン電池に関する。
- リチウムをホストする粉末、フレーク、繊維又は球体(例えば、メソカーボンマイクロビーズ)などの形態で典型的に存在する、リチウムを挿入することができるグラファイト炭素と、
- リチウム金属と、
- 特に米国特許第6203944号明細書及び/又は国際公開第00/03444号パンフレットに記載されているものを含むリチウム合金組成物と、
- 一般的に式Li4Ti5O12で表される、リチウムチタネート(これらの化合物は、可動イオン、即ちLi+を受け入れるときに低レベルの物理的膨脹を有する「ゼロ歪」挿入材料と一般的に考えられる)と、
- 高いLi/Si比のケイ化リチウムとして一般的に知られるリチウム-ケイ素合金、特に式Li4.4Siのケイ化リチウムと、
- 式Li4.4Geの結晶相を含むリチウム-ゲルマニウム合金と
を含むことができる。
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩と、
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒と、
- 電解質の総重量に対して1.0重量%~8.0重量%の量の沈降シリカと
を含む固体-液体電解質を含む従来のリチウム又はナトリウム電池に関する。
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩と、
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒と、
- 電解質の総重量に対して8.0重量%~25.0重量%の量の沈降シリカと
を含む固体-液体電解質を含む従来のリチウム又はナトリウム電池に関する。
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩と、
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒と、
- 電解質の総重量に対して8.0重量%~25.0重量%の量の沈降シリカと
を含む固体-液体電解質を含むセパレータ不使用リチウム又はナトリウム電池に関する。
沈降シリカ1:SBET=633m2/g、メジアン粒径17.0μm(レーザー回折により測定)、結合水含有量=4.2%。
沈降シリカ2:SBET=147m2/g、メジアン粒径3.8μm(レーザー回折により測定)。結合水含有量=4.4%、SolvayからTixosil(登録商標)365として市販されている。
沈降シリカ3:SBET=217m2/g、メジアン粒径10.5μm(レーザー回折により測定)、結合水含有量=4.1%、SolvayからTixosil(登録商標)43として市販されている。
発熱性シリカ1:SBET=200m2/gを有する発熱性シリカ、メジアン粒径4.3μm(レーザー回折により測定)、結合水含有量=1.0%、EvonikからAerosil(登録商標)200vとして市販されている。
LP30:EC:DMC(1:1体積%)99.9%における1M LiPF6、SolvionicからSolvionic(登録商標)E001として市販されている。
2.0重量%のVCを有するLP30中の21.0重量%の沈降シリカ1を含む固体-液体電解質を調製した(電解質A)。
- 負極:人工グラファイト
配合:[SCMG-ARグラファイト]+[スーパーPカーボン]+[PVDF 8%Solef(登録商標)5130]重量で90:4:6(Umicore製)
電極ローディング:9.3mg/cm2、厚さ200~202μm、
- 正極:LiCoO2Cellcore(登録商標)LCO(Umicore製)
配合:LiCoO2+[スーパーPカーボン]+[PVDF 8%Solef(登録商標)5130]、重量比92:4:4
電極ローディング:17.3mg/cm2、厚さ175~177μm、
理論容量:161mAh/g。
・C/20-C/20速度で2倍のGCPL*充電/放電サイクル
・C/10-C/10速度で5倍のGCPL*充電/放電サイクル
・C/5-C/5速度で5倍のGCPL*充電/放電サイクル
・C/2-C/2速度で5倍のGCPL*充電/放電サイクル
・C/2-1C速度で5倍のGCPL*充電/放電サイクル
・C/2-2C速度で5倍のGCPL*充電/放電サイクル
・C/2~5C速度で5倍のGCPL*充電/放電サイクル
実施例1に記載されるように第1の電池を調製した(電池A)。
2.0重量%のVCを有するLP30中の11.6重量%の沈降シリカ3を含む固体-液体電解質を調製した(電解質C)。
- 負極:人工グラファイト
配合:[SCMG-ARグラファイト]+[スーパーPカーボン]+[PVDF8%Solef(登録商標)5130]重量で90:4:6(Umicore製)、
電極ローディング:9.3mg/cm2、厚さ200~202μm、
- 正極:LiCoO2 Cellcore(登録商標)LCO(Umicore社製)、
配合:LiCoO2+[スーパーPカーボン]+[PVDF8%Solef(登録商標)5130]、重量比92:4:4
電極ローディング:17.3mg/cm2、厚さ175~177μm、
理論容量:161mAh/g。
2.0重量%のVCを有するLP30中の1.8重量%の沈降シリカ2を含む固体-液体電解質を調製した(電解質D)。
- 負極:グラファイト
[SMG-Aグラファイト(Hitachi、日本)]+[スーパーC65カーボン]+PVDF Solef(登録商標)5130、重量比90:5:5、
電極ローディング:10mg/cm2、厚さ70μm、
- 正極:NMC
配合:LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2+[スーパーC65カーボン]+[KS6Lグラファイト]+PVDF Solef(登録商標)5130、重量比90:3:4:3、
電極ローディング:17mg/cm2、厚さ70μm、
理論容量:148mAh/g。
・C/10-C/10速度で5倍のGCPL充電/放電サイクル
・C/5-C/5速度で5倍のGCPL充電/放電サイクル
・C/2-C/2速度で5倍のGCPL充電/放電サイクル
・C/2-1C速度で5倍のGCPL充電/放電サイクル
・C/2-2C速度で5倍のGCPL充電/放電サイクル
・C/2-5C速度で5倍のGCPL充電/放電サイクル。
・C/10速度で3回の充電/放電サイクル
・1時間又はC/20の電流に達するまで、4.2VでのCCCVで1C速度において97回の充電/放電サイクル
2.0重量%のVCを有するLP30中の11.9重量%の沈降シリカ2を含む固体-液体電解質を調製した(電解質E)。
- 負極:人工グラファイト
配合:[SCMG-ARグラファイト]+[スーパーPカーボン]+[PVDF8%Solef(登録商標)5130]90:4:6(Umicore製)
電極ローディング:9.3mg/cm2、厚さ200~202μm、
- 正極:LiCoO2 Cellcore(登録商標)LCO(Umicore製)
配合:LiCoO2+[スーパーPカーボン]+[PVDF 8%Solef(登録商標)5130]、重量比92:4:4
電極ローディング:17.3mg/cm2、厚さ175~177μm
理論容量:161mAh/g。
・C/10速度で3回の充電/放電サイクル
・1時間又はC/20の電流に達するまで、4.2VでのCCCVで1C速度において97回の充電/放電サイクル。
Claims (18)
- ゲルの形態の固体-液体電解質であって、
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩と、
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒と、
- 沈降シリカと
を含む固体-液体電解質。 - 沈降シリカは、粒子形態である、請求項1に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 沈降シリカは、100~650m2/gのBET比表面積を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 沈降シリカは、電解質の総重量に対して1.0重量%~25.0重量%の量で存在する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 沈降シリカは、電解質の総重量に対して1.0重量%~8.0重量%の範囲に含まれる量で存在する、請求項4に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 沈降シリカは、電解質の総重量に対して8.0重量%~25.0重量%の範囲に含まれる量で存在する、請求項4に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 沈降シリカは、電解質の総重量に対して20.0重量%~25.0重量%の範囲に含まれる量で存在する、請求項4に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 沈降シリカは、100~270m2/gのBET比表面を有する、請求項5又は6に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 沈降シリカは、300~650m2/gのBET比表面を有する、請求項6又は7に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 沈降シリカは、3.0~80.0μmのメジアン粒径を有する、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩は、
(a)MeI、Me(PF6)、Me(BF4)、Me(ClO4)、Me-ビス(オキサラト)ボレート、MeCF3SO3、Me[N(CF3SO2)2]、Me[N(C2F5SO2)2]、Me[N(CF3SO2)(RFSO2)](式中、RFは、C2F5、C4F9、又はCF3OCF2CF2、Me(AsF6)、Me[C(CF3SO2)3]、Me2Sであり、Meは、Li又はNaである)、
(b)
(式中、R’Fは、F、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、C2HF4、C2H2F3、C2H3F2、C2F5、C3F7、C3H2F5、C3H4F3、C4F9、C4H2F7、C4H4F5、C5F11、C3F5OCF3、C2F4OCF3、C2H2F2OCF3及びCF2OCF3からなる群から選択される)、及び
(c)これらの混合物
からなる群から選択される、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の固体-液体電解質。 - 少なくとも1つのイオン伝導性塩は、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、リチウムビス(オキサラト)ボレート(「LiBOB」)、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiN(C2F5SO2)2、Li[N(CF3SO2)(RFSO2)]n(式中、RFは、C2F5、C4F9、CF3OCF2CF2、LiAsF6、LiC(CF3SO2)3である)及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒は、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、ブチレンカーボネート、フルオロエチレンカーボネート及びフルオロプロピレンカーボネートからなる群から選択される不飽和環状カーボネートと、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、エチルメチルカーボネート、ジメチルエタンからなる群から選択される不飽和非環状カーボネートとを含む、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 少なくとも1つの有機カーボネート系溶媒は、少なくとも1つの不飽和非環状カーボネートと少なくとも1つの不飽和環状カーボネートとの混合物である、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の固体-液体電解質。
- 請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の固体-液体電解質を含む電子デバイス。
- 電池である、請求項15に記載の電子デバイス。
- 固体-液体電解質は、電池の正極と負極との間の層の形態で塗布される、請求項16に記載の電子デバイス。
- 請求項6又は7に記載の固体-液体電解質を含むセパレータ不使用二次電池。
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CN110752420B (zh) * | 2019-11-06 | 2023-04-07 | 江苏宇石能源集团有限公司 | 一种镁空气电池缓蚀电解液 |
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