JP6642247B2 - 冷凍サイクル装置 - Google Patents
冷凍サイクル装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6642247B2 JP6642247B2 JP2016090708A JP2016090708A JP6642247B2 JP 6642247 B2 JP6642247 B2 JP 6642247B2 JP 2016090708 A JP2016090708 A JP 2016090708A JP 2016090708 A JP2016090708 A JP 2016090708A JP 6642247 B2 JP6642247 B2 JP 6642247B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- heat
- refrigeration cycle
- compressor
- storage member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims description 96
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 272
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 111
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021542 Vanadium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GRUMUEUJTSXQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium dioxide Chemical group O=[V]=O GRUMUEUJTSXQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 71
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00492—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices comprising regenerative heating or cooling means, e.g. heat accumulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
- B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
- F25B41/26—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves of fluid flow reversing valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/39—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in series, i.e. multi-stage expansion, on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
- F28F3/10—Arrangements for sealing the margins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00935—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising four way valves for controlling the fluid direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00961—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising means for defrosting outside heat exchangers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/021—Indoor unit or outdoor unit with auxiliary heat exchanger not forming part of the indoor or outdoor unit
- F25B2313/0211—Indoor unit or outdoor unit with auxiliary heat exchanger not forming part of the indoor or outdoor unit the auxiliary heat exchanger being only used during defrosting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/042—Details of condensers of pcm condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0409—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/24—Storage receiver heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/09—Improving heat transfers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/11—Fan speed control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
- F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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Description
さらに、通常運転時に圧縮機の吐出側から減圧装置の入口側へ至る冷媒流路を流通する高圧冷媒の有する熱を蓄える固体の蓄熱部材(17)を備え、
蓄熱部材は、金属と絶縁体とに相変化することによって蓄熱あるいは放熱を行う強相関電子系材料を有し、
蓄熱部材は、円柱状に形成されているとともに、軸方向に延びる複数の貫通穴が形成されており、
蓄熱部材は、通常運転時に圧縮機の吐出口側から減圧装置の入口側へ至る範囲の高圧冷媒が流通する冷媒配管中に、冷媒と直接接触して熱移動が可能となるように配置されており、
蒸発器に生じた霜を取り除く除霜運転時には、蓄熱部材に蓄熱された熱を熱源として蒸発器を加熱する冷凍サイクル装置である。
図1〜図4を用いて、本発明の第1実施形態を説明する。本実施形態では、図1の全体構成図に示す冷凍サイクル装置10を、暖房装置に適用している。冷凍サイクル装置10は、暖房装置において、空調対象空間である室内へ送風される送風空気を加熱する機能を果たす。従って、冷凍サイクル装置10の加熱対象流体は、送風空気である。
膨張弁15の他方の流入出口(すなわち、通常運転時における冷媒出口)には、室外熱交換器16の他方の冷媒流入出口側が接続されている。室外熱交換器16は、通常運転時に、内部を流通する冷媒を、送風ファン16aから送風された室外空気(外気)と熱交換させて蒸発させる蒸発器である。送風ファン16aは、制御装置40から出力される制御電圧によって回転数(送風空気量)が制御される電動式送風機である。
本実施形態では、第1実施形態に対して、図5の全体構成図に示すように、加熱用蓄熱部材17aを追加した例を説明する。図5では、第1実施形態と同一もしくは均等部分には同一の符号を付している。このことは、以下の図面でも同様である。
本実施形態では、第1実施形態の冷凍サイクル装置10に対して、図6の全体構成図に示すように、蓄熱部材17の配置を変更し、四方弁14を廃止した冷凍サイクル装置10aについて説明する。
本実施形態では、図9の全体構成図に示す冷凍サイクル装置10bを、車両用空調装置に適用した例を説明する。冷凍サイクル装置10bは、車両用空調装置において、空調対象空間である車室内へ送風される送風空気を冷却あるいは加熱する機能を果たす。従って、送風空気は冷凍サイクル装置10bの加熱対象流体となる。
まず、冷房運転時の作動について説明する。冷房運転時には、制御装置40は、膨張弁15を全開とし、冷房用膨張弁22を絞り状態とし、暖房用開閉弁23を閉じ、室内放熱器12の冷媒出口側と室外熱交換器16の一方の冷媒流入出口側とを接続すると同時に膨張弁15の一方の流入出口側と圧縮機11の吸入口側とを接続するように四方弁14の作動を制御する。
次に、除湿暖房運転時の作動について説明する。除湿暖房運転時には、制御装置40は、膨張弁15および冷房用膨張弁22を絞り状態とし、暖房用開閉弁23を閉じ、室内放熱器12の冷媒出口側と膨張弁15の一方の流入出口側とを接続すると同時に室外熱交換器16の一方の冷媒流入出口側と圧縮機11の吸入口側とを接続するように四方弁14の作動を制御する。
次に、暖房運転時の作動について説明する。暖房運転時には、制御装置40は、膨張弁15を絞り状態とし、冷房用膨張弁22を全閉とし、暖房用開閉弁23を開き、室内放熱器12の冷媒出口側と膨張弁15の一方の流入出口側とを接続すると同時に室外熱交換器16の一方の冷媒流入出口側と圧縮機11の吸入口側とを接続するように四方弁14の作動を制御する。
次に、除霜運転時の作動について説明する。除霜運転時には、制御装置40は、膨張弁15を絞り状態とし、冷房用膨張弁22を全閉とし、暖房用開閉弁23を開き、室内放熱器12の冷媒出口側と室外熱交換器16の一方の冷媒流入出口側とを接続すると同時に膨張弁15の一方の流入出口側と圧縮機11の吸入口側とを接続するように四方弁14の作動を制御する。
本実施形態では、図10の全体構成図に示す冷凍サイクル装置10cを、第4実施形態と同様に、車両用空調装置に適用した例を説明する。
まず、冷房運転時の作動について説明する。冷房運転時には、制御装置40は、膨張弁15を全開とし、冷房用膨張弁22を絞り状態とし、暖房用開閉弁23を閉じる。
次に、除湿暖房運転時の作動について説明する。除湿暖房運転時には、制御装置40は、膨張弁15および冷房用膨張弁22を絞り状態とし、暖房用開閉弁23を閉じる。
次に、暖房運転時の作動について説明する。暖房運転時には、制御装置40は、膨張弁15を絞り状態とし、冷房用膨張弁22を全閉とし、暖房用開閉弁23を開く。
次に、除霜運転時の作動について説明する。除霜運転時には、制御装置40は、膨張弁15を絞り状態とし、冷房用膨張弁22を全閉とし、暖房用開閉弁23を開く。
本発明は上述の実施形態に限定されることなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で、以下のように種々変形可能である。
11 圧縮機
12 室内放熱器(放熱器)
15 膨張弁(減圧装置)
16 室外熱交換器(蒸発器)
17 蓄熱部材
Claims (5)
- 冷媒を圧縮して吐出する圧縮機(11)と、
冷媒を放熱させる放熱器(12)と、
冷媒を減圧させる減圧装置(15)と、
冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器(16)と、を備え、
通常運転時には、前記圧縮機から吐出された高圧冷媒を前記放熱器にて放熱させ、前記放熱器から流出した冷媒を前記減圧装置にて減圧し、前記減圧装置にて減圧された低圧冷媒を前記蒸発器にて蒸発させ、さらに、前記蒸発器から流出した冷媒を前記圧縮機へ吸入させる冷凍サイクル装置であって、
さらに、前記通常運転時に前記圧縮機の吐出側から前記減圧装置の入口側へ至る冷媒流路を流通する高圧冷媒の有する熱を蓄える固体の蓄熱部材(17)を備え、
前記蓄熱部材は、金属と絶縁体とに相変化することによって蓄熱あるいは放熱を行う強相関電子系材料を有し、
前記蓄熱部材は、円柱状に形成されているとともに、軸方向に延びる複数の貫通穴が形成されており、
前記蓄熱部材は、前記通常運転時に前記圧縮機の吐出口側から前記減圧装置の入口側へ至る範囲の冷媒が流通する冷媒配管中に、冷媒と直接接触して熱移動が可能となるように配置されており、
前記蒸発器に生じた霜を取り除く除霜運転時には、前記蓄熱部材に蓄熱された熱を熱源として前記蒸発器を加熱する冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記強相関電子系材料は、遷移金属酸化物である請求項1に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 前記遷移金属酸化物は、二酸化バナジウムである請求項2に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 前記遷移金属酸化物は、二酸化バナジウムに添加物を加えたものであり、
前記添加物は、タングステン、クロム、ニオブ、チタン、アルミニウム、マンガン、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、銅、イットリウム、ジルコニウム、モリブデン、ルテニウム、ロジウム、パラジウム、ハフニウム、タンタル、レニウムの少なくとも1つである請求項2に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - さらに、前記通常運転時に前記放熱器を流通する冷媒の有する熱を蓄える加熱用蓄熱部材(17a)を備え、
前記放熱器は、前記通常運転時に冷媒の有する熱を加熱対象流体に放熱させて、前記加熱対象流体を加熱するものであり、
前記除霜運転時には、前記加熱用蓄熱部材に蓄熱された熱を熱源として前記加熱対象流体を加熱する請求項1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
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