JP6577548B2 - 疎水性有効成分のデポー製剤及びその調製方法 - Google Patents
疎水性有効成分のデポー製剤及びその調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
一部の実施形態では、ストック製剤の粘度は1000〜2000cPの範囲内である。
本明細書で使用されるとき、低水溶性のAPIは、室温(すなわち、約25℃の温度)で10mg/ml未満の純水における溶解性、さらに好ましくは1mg/ml未満の純水における溶解性を持つAPIである。一部の実施形態では、APIは少なくとも1.5のLogP(Pはオクタノール/水分配係数である)を有すると本明細書で定義される疎水性である。
デポー製剤の投与は治療の長い期間にわたる活性治療剤の緩慢な放出に有用である。一部の実施形態では、生体内でリポソーム様の構造を形成するデポー製剤の投与は活性治療剤の緩慢な放出に有用である。一部の実施形態では、活性治療剤は、数時間から多数の日数まで続く期間にわたって活性治療剤の緩慢な放出を提供するキャリアと共に製剤化される。デポー製剤は、体内で徐々に分散し活性治療剤を放出する分解するマトリクスに基づくことが多い。デポー製剤は、活性剤の当初のバースト放出を可能にする又は妨げるように設計することができる。デポー製剤の成分はすべて生体適合性及び生分解性である。一部の実施形態では、用語「組成物」及び「製剤」は相互交換可能に使用される。一部の実施形態では、用語「デポー製剤」、「デポー組成物」、「本発明の製剤」、「プロリポソーム型製剤」、「油性製剤」及び「非水性製剤」は相互交換可能に使用される。
低水溶性の疎水性API
一部の実施形態によれば、APIは疎水性である。APIは一部の実施形態では、少なくとも1.5の実験的LogP疎水性値を有する。別の実施形態では、APIは少なくとも1.6の実験的LogP疎水性値を有する。さらに別の実施形態では、APIは少なくとも2の実験的LogP疎水性値を有する。
リン脂質は、本明細書で記載される徐放性デポー製剤の有用な成分である。リン脂質は少なくとも1つの極性頭基と少なくとも1つの非極性尾基を含み、少なくとも1つの極性頭基はリン酸基である。非極性部分は脂肪酸に由来することができる。リン脂質は、単一の非極性基で十分であるが、通常、2つの非極性基を含有する。1を超える非極性基が存在する場合、それらは同一であっても異なっていてもよい。好適なリン脂質の極性頭基には、ホスファチジルコリン(PC)、ホスファチジルエタノールアミン、ホスファチジルセリン及びホスファチジルイノシトールが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
米国薬局方(USP)によれば、レシチンは、種々の量の、たとえば、トリグリセリド、脂肪酸及び炭水化物のような他の物質と組み合わせられた、主としてホスファチジルコリン(PC)、ホスファターゼエタノールアミン(PE)、ホスファチジルセリン(Ptd−L−Ser又はPS)及びホスファチジルイノシトール(PtdIns又はPI)から成るアセトン不溶性リン脂質の複雑な混合物を記載する一般名である。レシチンの組成及び故にその物性は、レシチンの供給源及び正確なリン脂質の組成、たとえば、ホスファチジルコリンの含量等によって変化する。市販のレシチン製品(レシチン)は2つの主要な供給源:卵黄及び大豆を有する。レシチンには、レシチン(一般的な)、大豆レシチン又はダイズレシチン及び卵黄レシチン又は卵レシチンが挙げられる。
本明細書で記載されるデポー製剤で使用され得る天然に存在する供給源に由来するリン脂質の他の例には、スフィンゴシンの形態でのスフィンゴ脂質及び誘導体(大豆、卵、脳又は乳に由来する)、フィトスフィンゴシン及び誘導体(酵母に由来する)、ホスファチジルエタノールアミン、ホスファチジルセリン及びホスファチジルイノシトールが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
任意で、本明細書で記載されるデポー製剤は1を超えるリン脂質を含む。デポー製剤におけるリン脂質すべての合わせた量をリン脂質総含量と呼ぶ。
一実施形態では、薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアはゴマ油、綿実油、ベニバナ油又は1以上のトリグリセリドを含む。別の実施形態では、薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアはヒマシ油である。一部の実施形態では、薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアは表面活性剤である。一部の実施形態では、薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアは約20〜約60重量%の量で存在する。さらに別の実施形態では、薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアは約30〜約50重量%の量で存在する。
一部の実施形態では、製剤はさらに共溶媒を含む。一部の実施形態によれば、共溶媒は、エタノール、プロピレングリコール、ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルイソソルビド、ジメチルスルホキシド、N−メチル−2−ピロリジン等であり得るが、これらに限定されない。一部の実施形態では、共溶媒はグリセロールである。一部の実施形態では、共溶媒はエタノールである。一部の実施形態では、共溶媒は94.9〜96.0%v/vのエチルアルコールを含有するアルコールUSPである。別の実施形態では、共溶媒は1〜15重量%の量で製剤に存在する。別の実施形態では、共溶媒は0.5〜10重量%の量で製剤に存在する。別の実施形態では、共溶媒は4〜8重量%の量で製剤に存在する。別の実施形態では、共溶媒は5〜7重量%の量で製剤に存在する。別の実施形態では、共溶媒は5.5〜6.5重量%の量で製剤に存在する。ベンジルアルコールのような、しかし、これに限定されない芳香族共溶媒を使用する場合、モルモットの切開傷への組成物の投与が適用部位での皮膚の刺激のような有害反応を引き起こすことが驚くべきことに見いだされた。
一部の実施形態では、共溶媒は、18〜25Gの注射針を介した注射に組成物を好適にする粘度調節剤として役立つ。別の実施形態では、共溶媒は、21Gの針を介した注射に組成物を好適にする粘度調節剤として役立つ。
一部の実施形態では、徐放性デポー製剤は1以上の抗酸化剤含む。抗酸化剤は本明細書で記載されるデポー製剤におけるリン脂質の酸化を防ぐ又は減らすために使用することができる。任意の非毒性で生体適合性の抗酸化剤をこの目的で使用することができる。例となる抗酸化剤には、アスコルビン酸(ビタミンC)、システイン(L−システイン)、N−アセチル−L−システイン(NAC)、L−カルニチン、アセチル−L−カルニチン、αリポ酸、グルタチオン、αトコフェロール(ビタミンE)、2−カルボキシ−2,5,7,8−テトラメチル−6−クロマノール(CTMC)、パルミチン酸アスコルビル、及び尿酸が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。これらの又は他の抗酸化剤の薬学上許容可能な塩も抗酸化剤と見なされ、本明細書で記載されるデポー製剤にて使用することができる。上記で言及されたこれらの例となる抗酸化剤は種々の供給源から市販されている。
低水溶性の疎水性APIのデポー製剤には種々の賦形剤を含めることができる。
一部の実施形態では、徐放性デポー製剤は、非水性、油性又はその組み合わせである。製剤は(a)低水溶性の疎水性APIと、(b)第1のリン脂質又は薬学上許容可能なその塩と、(c)任意で第2のリン脂質又は薬学上許容可能なその塩と、(d)たとえば、油のような、しかし、これに限定されない薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアと、(e)たとえば、アルコールのような、しかし、これに限定されない共溶媒を含むことができる。一部の実施形態では、デポーはプロリポソーム型である又はその場でリポソームを形成する。
一部の実施形態では、本発明のプロリポソーム型非水性デポー製剤は以下のように調製される:
(1)API(たとえば、ジクロフェナク)と、天然の合成ではないリン脂質(たとえば、ホスホリポン(登録商標)90G)と、薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリア(たとえば、ヒマシ油)と、任意で抗酸化剤(たとえば、システインHCl)を、温めること及び/又は超音波処理、及び/又は成分を分散し及び/又は混合するための他の手段によって、共溶媒(たとえば、アルコール、たとえば、エタノール)に溶解する。
(2)たとえば、蒸発及び/又は真空ポンプ乾燥によって過剰のアルコールを取り除く又は部分的に取り除く。アルコールの除去に他の方法を使用することができ、又は正確な量のアルコールの最終濃度で製剤を製造する。
(3)任意で工程2の最終産物における残留アルコールの量を事前に決定する。
(4)必要に応じて、追加の量の同一の又は異なる共溶媒を加え、約4〜8%(w/w)の最終濃度に工程2の生成物とともに混合してもよい。6%(w/w)のアルコール最終濃度は功を奏することが判定されている。
(5)任意で工程4の生成物をバイアルに移し及び/又は無菌化する(たとえば、オートクレーブ滅菌することによって)。
本発明は、その中で疎水性APIが容易に混合されるすぐに使えるストック製剤を形成することができるという驚くべき発見に部分的に基づく。ストック製剤は、天然の合成ではないリン脂質と、薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアと、粘度調節剤としての共溶媒とを含む。一部の実施形態によれば、ストック製剤は、組成物を作製するのに使用される賦形剤に存在し得る残留湿気を除いて水分を欠いている。特定の実施形態では、残留湿気は、水分量の自動測定用のKarl Fisher法を用いて測定したとき0.3%を下回った。特定の実施形態では、残留湿気は、水分量の自動測定用のKarl Fisher法を用いて測定したとき0.15%を下回った。
一部の実施形態によれば、本発明のプロリポソーム型非水性医薬組成物は、事前に調製されたストック製剤に疎水性APIを添加することによって調製した。この方法を用いて、有利なことに、過剰なエタノールを加え、その後、APIの存在下でエタノールを蒸発させる必要性はない。
(1)薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリア(たとえば、ヒマシ油)と、任意で抗酸化剤(たとえば、システインHCl)を含有する任意で共溶媒(たとえば、アルコール、たとえば、エタノール)とを65℃にて平衡化する。
(2)天然の合成ではないリン脂質(レシチン、たとえば、ホスホリポン(登録商標)90G)を加え、65℃にて高トルクで高剪断の混合を行う。
(3)合成ではないリン脂質を完全に溶解した際、混合物を室温に冷却する。
(4)任意で、工程3の生成物をバイアルに移し、及び/又は無菌化する(たとえば、オートクレーブ滅菌)。
本明細書で記載される組成物は、疎水性APIを運び、それをゆっくり放出する(持続放出)するのに有用である。
キット
本発明は疎水性APIのデポー製剤の対象への投与を簡単にすることができるキットを提供する。
特定の実施形態によれば、本発明は本明細書で記載されるデポー製剤で満たされた事前に充填された注射器を提供する。デポー製剤は疎水性APIを含む。事前に充填された注射器はまた、デポー製剤の注入に好適な針及び製剤を分散する手段を含むこともできる。一実施形態では、針は18〜25Gの針である。別の実施形態では、針は21Gの針である。
プロリポソーム型非水性の油性ロピバカインデポー製剤の調製
ロピバカインのプロリポソーム型非水性デポー製剤を以下のように調製した。必要とされた量のロピバカインHCl一水和物を事前に秤量した(風袋重量)丸底フラスコに入れ、必要とされた量のシステインHClを加える。必要とされた量のレシチン(PL90G、ホスファチジルコリン)をフラスコに加え、その後、必要とされた量のヒマシ油を加えた(成分の順は重要ではない)。必要とされた最終量に等しい又は過剰な量で無水エタノールをフラスコに加えた。フラスコを密封し、秤量した。成分入りのフラスコを水槽超音波破砕機に入れ、約50℃に加熱した。成分がすべて溶解し、無水エタノールの量が必要とされた最終量を超えたら、フラスコを好適な蒸発装置(たとえば、Rotavapor)に接続し、水槽を約50℃の熱で維持した。真空を200ミリバールに合わせ、フラスコを約60rpmで回転した。真空を40ミリバールに達するまで10ミリバールずつ徐々に低下させた。フラスコと、エバポレータの外側で捕捉された蒸発させ、冷却したアルコールの含量又は量とを秤量することによって算出されるように、フラスコの重量が6%以下(w/w)の必要とされた最終量の無水エタノールを含有していることを示すまで、蒸発を続けた。フラスコ及びその中味を室温に冷却した。必要に応じて、6%(w/w)に達するように無水エタノールを加えた。溶液が6%未満(w/w)の無水エタノールを含有すると判定されたら、エタノールを加えて所望の比率%(w/w)にした。バイアル又は注射器の充填が予定されるまで、フラスコを冷蔵庫又は室温で保存し得る。最終容器に分配する前に、フラスコを50℃に加熱した超音波破砕槽にて約1時間加熱し、回転した。フラスコ及びその中味を室温に冷却した。好適な充填装置を用いて、得られた溶液をガラスバイアル又は他の容器に充填した。
プロリポソーム型非水性のストックデポー製剤の調製
APIの存在下でエタノールの蒸発を必要としないプロリポソーム型非水性のすぐに使えるデポー製剤を調製することができることが有利に見いだされた。熱、トルク及び高剪断混合の組み合わせが、安定であり、過剰のエタノールを含有せず、必要とされる疎水性APIの添加を円滑にする、すぐに使えるストック製剤を調製することを可能にした。
ロピバカインのプロリポソーム型非水性の油性製剤
実施例3に記載された工程に従って非水性のプロリポソーム型油性ストック製剤を調製した。すぐに使えるストック製剤にロピバカインを加えた。表3は種々の量のロピバカインを伴った組成物の構成成分を提供する。
ジクロフェナクのプロリポソーム型非水性の油性組成物
実施例3に記載された工程に従って非水性のプロリポソーム型油性ストック製剤を調製した。その後、すぐに使えるストック製剤にジクロフェナクを加えた。表4は種々の量のジクロフェナクを伴った製剤を提供する。
デキサメタゾンのプロリポソーム型非水性組成物
実施例3に記載された工程に従って非水性のプロリポソーム型油性ストック製剤を調製した。すぐに使えるストック製剤にデキサメタゾンを加えた。表5は種々の量のデキサメタゾンを伴った製剤を提供する。
ケトプロフェンのプロリポソーム型非水性組成物
実施例3に記載された工程に従って非水性のプロリポソーム型油性ストック製剤を調製した。その後、すぐに使えるストック製剤にケトプロフェンを加えた。表6は種々の量のケトプロフェンを伴った製剤を提供する。
ロピバカインデポー製剤の粘度の測定
スピンドル5を装備し、30℃の槽温度、30、60及び100rpmの速度で粘度計(BrookfieldモデルDV−II)を用いたスピンドル法によってロピバカイン製剤3及び4と同様にデポーロピバカイン製剤Aの粘度を測定した。
異なる濃度の共溶媒を伴ったロピバカイン組成物の粘度の測定
スピンドル5を装備し、30℃の槽温度、30、60及び100rpmの速度で粘度計(BrookfieldモデルDV−II)を用いたスピンドル法によって、種々の量のエタノールを伴ったデポーロピバカイン製剤の粘度を測定した。表9に見られるように、粘度の試験はエタノール濃度の上昇に伴って粘度が低下することを明らかにした。
異なる濃度の共溶媒を伴ったロピバカインデポー製剤の注射可能性試験の測定
事前に秤量した皿への所定の量の組成物の21G注射器からの押し出しによって、種々の量のエタノールを伴ったデポーロピバカイン組成物の注射可能性を測定した。
生理食塩水又はブタ血漿への暴露の際のリポソーム様構造の形成
ロピバカインデポー製剤Aをシンチレーションバイアルに保持し、0.9%NaCl溶液又はブタ血漿を、製剤/生理食塩水の1:1の比に達する製剤総重量の50%(w/w)の量まで製剤にゆっくり注入した。次いで、得られた混合物を水槽振盪器を用いて37℃で200rpmにて撹拌した。
(1)粒度分布:CoulterLS230粒度アナライザを用いて粒度分布を分析した。
(2)CryoTEM形態評価:TEM(−180℃で維持されるGatan低温ホルダーを伴ったFEI Technai 12 G2 120 kV)によって形態的評価を行い、低速度走査の冷却した電荷結合素子CCDカメラ(Gatanメーカー)によって画像を記録した。
ロピバカインのプロリポソーム型非水性製剤のin vivoおける有効性
この試験では、Von Frey法を用いた術後疼痛のための若年ブタモデルにてロピバカイン製剤を評価した。Von Frey被毛フィラメントは様々な直径のナイロンフィラメントから作られる。フィラメントは、被毛が曲り、U字型を形成するように十分な力で皮膚に対して押しつけられるべきである。各フィラメントが曲がるのに必要とされるグラム力は一定であり、すなわち、これらの被毛を用いて、皮膚の特定の所定の領域を調べるのに非常に正確で反復可能な力を適用できるので、Von Frey被毛を診断、研究及びスクリーニングのツールにすることができる。過敏な又は感受性低下の領域と同様に正常な応答性を持つ皮膚の領域を調べるのにそれは容易に使用される。
フェーズI−健常なヒト志願者における臨床有効性試験
この試験の目的は、ヒトの実験的疼痛モデルにて皮下(SC)注射によって投与されたデポー製剤A、ロピバカイン溶液(ナロピン(登録商標))及び偽薬ゲル製剤それぞれの2.5mlの鎮痛の開始及び持続時間を評価することだった。
デポー製剤の粒度分布
ミクロン以下の範囲の(試験範囲≧0.5nm≦1μm)の粒度を測定できるMalvern Zetasizer,Coulter N4plus又はNicomp300粒度アナライザ用いた動的光散乱によって、実施例3で記載したように調製した疎水性APIを欠くデポー製剤の粒度分布を測定する。
(1)ゴマ油、大豆レシチン及びベンジルアルコールをガラスのフラスコに計り分ける。
(2)エタノールUSP200度を加え、フラスコを回転させてすべて溶解する。
(3)真空乾燥してエタノールを1重量%未満まで取り除く。
(4)KH2PO4、EDTA及びDI水を加える。
(5)均質化してナノ分散液を形成する。
(6)NaOH/HCl用いてpHを7±0.2に合わせる。
(7)0.2μm孔のフィルターを介してナノ分散液を濾過滅菌する。
(8)ナノ分散液を凍結乾燥して2%未満まで水分を取り除く。
(9)エタノールを加える。
(10)混合して無水ゲルを得る。
従来技術の製剤と比べたロピバカインのプロリポソーム型非水性の油性製剤の生体内有効性
傷組織と血液の間でのロピバカインの分布を種々の製剤について比較する。ナロピン(登録商標)、製剤A、又は実施例16で記載された方法に従って調製されたロピバカインを含有する製剤5を0日目に1回だけ手術傷に染み込ませる。傷組織又は浸出液及び血液の試料を投与の4日後まで毎日採取する。実施例13に記載されたようにHPLC/MS/MSを用いることによって濃度を決定する。
Claims (15)
- プロリポソーム型非水性の医薬組成物であって、
ジクロフェナク、デキサメタゾン、オキシコドン、フェンタニル及びケトプロフェンから成る群から選択される疎水性の有効医薬成分と
約40重量%〜約60重量%のホスファチジルコリン(PC)又は薬学上許容可能なその塩と、
ゴマ油、綿実油、ベニバナ油、ヒマシ油から選択される約30重量%〜約50重量%の薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアと、
約4重量%〜約8重量%のエタノールと
を含み、
前記組成物が透明な溶液の形態であり、100nmを超えるサイズの粒子を欠き、常温で少なくとも6ヵ月安定であり、水分及びPC以外のリン脂質を実質的に欠いており、前記組成物の粘度は2500cP未満であり、前記組成物が体液にさらされると生体内でリポソームを形成する、
組成物。 - (i)前記組成物が1000〜2000cPの範囲の粘度を有すること、及び/又は、
(ii)前記組成物が50nmを超えるサイズの粒子を欠いていること、及び/又は、
(iii)前記疎水性の有効医薬成分が約0.2重量%〜約12重量%に等しい量で存在する若しくは約0.5重量%〜約10重量%に等しい量で存在すること、及び/又は、
(iv)前記組成物が充填剤を実質的に欠いていること、及び/又は、
(v)前記薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアがヒマシ油であること、及び/又は、
(vi)前記組成物がさらに抗酸化剤を含む、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1の組成物。 - 前記抗酸化剤がシステイン又は薬学上許容可能なその塩である請求項2の組成物。
- ジクロフェナク、デキサメタゾン及びケトプロフェンから成る群から選択される疎水性の有効医薬成分(API)と
約40重量%〜約60重量%のホスファチジルコリン(PC)又は薬学上許容可能なその塩と
約30重量%〜約50重量%のヒマシ油と
約4重量%〜約8重量%のエタノールと
を含む請求項1の組成物。 - さらに抗酸化剤を含む請求項4の組成物。
- 前記抗酸化剤がシステイン又は薬学上許容可能なその塩である請求項5の組成物。
- プロリポソーム型非水性の医薬組成物であって、
ジクロフェナク、デキサメタゾン、オキシコドン、フェンタニル及びケトプロフェンから成る群から選択される疎水性の有効医薬成分(API)と、
約40重量%〜約60重量%のホスファチジルコリン(PC)又は薬学上許容可能なその塩と、
ゴマ油、綿実油、ベニバナ油、ヒマシ油から選択される約30重量%〜約50重量%の薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアと、
約4重量%〜約8重量%のエタノールと
抗酸化剤と
から成り、
前記組成物が透明な溶液の形態であり、100nmを超えるサイズの粒子を欠き、常温で少なくとも6ヵ月安定であり、水分を実質的に欠いており、前記組成物の粘度が2500cP未満であり、前記組成物が体液にさらされると生体内でリポソームを形成する、
プロリポソーム型非水性の医薬組成物。 - キットであって
請求項1の医薬組成物を含有する容器と
使用のための指示書と、
を含むキット。 - (a)ゴマ油、綿実油、ベニバナ油、ヒマシ油から選択される薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアを(i)ジクロフェナク、デキサメタゾン、オキシコドン、フェンタニル及びケトプロフェンから成る群から選択される疎水性の有効医薬成分(API)、(ii)ホスファチジルコリン(PC)又は薬学上許容可能なその塩、及び(iii)エタノールと混合して非水性溶液を形成することと、
(b)非水性溶液からエタノールの全部又は一部を取り除くことと、
(c)約4重量%〜約8重量%の総量までエタノールを非水性溶液に加えることと
を含む、請求項1のプロリポソーム型非水性の医薬組成物を作製する方法であって、
作製された組成物は、約40重量%〜約60重量%のホスファチジルコリン(PC)又は薬学上許容可能なその塩と、約30重量%〜約50重量%の薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアとを含み、前記作製された組成物は、水分及びPC以外のリン脂質を実質的に欠いており、前記作製された組成物の粘度は2500cP未満であり、前記作製された組成物が体液にさらされると生体内でリポソームを形成する、
方法。 - (i)前記非水性溶液からエタノールの全部又は一部を取り除くことが結果的に油性溶液を生じること、及び/又は
(ii)前記方法が薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアを抗酸化剤と混合することをさらに含むこと、及び/又は
(iii)蒸発、真空乾燥又はその両方によって前記エタノールの少なくとも一部を非水性溶液から取り除くこと、及び/又は
(iv)前記方法が得られた製剤をオートクレーブ滅菌することをさらに含む
ことを特徴とする、請求項9の方法。 - 請求項1の医薬組成物を含む事前に充填された注射器。
- 請求項1に記載のプロリポソーム型非水性の医薬組成物を作製する方法であり、
(a)ゴマ油、綿実油、ベニバナ油、ヒマシ油から選択される薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアを平衡化することと、(b)加熱及び高トルク及び/又は高剪断の混合によって前記薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアにホスファチジルコリン(PC)又は薬学上許容可能なその塩を溶解することとを含む方法であって、前記方法がさらに、工程(a)又は(b)にてエタノールを加えることと、工程(a)、(b)又は追加の工程(c)にてジクロフェナク、デキサメタゾン、オキシコドン、フェンタニル及びケトプロフェンから成る群から選択される疎水性の有効医薬成分を加えることとを含み、
前記医薬組成物は、約40重量%〜約60重量%のホスファチジルコリン(PC)又は薬学上許容可能なその塩と、約30重量%〜約50重量%の薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアと、約4重量%〜約8重量%のエタノールと、を含み、前記医薬組成物の粘度が2500cP未満である、方法。 - ストック製剤と、ジクロフェナク、デキサメタゾン、オキシコドン、フェンタニル及びケトプロフェンから成る群から選択される疎水性の有効医薬成分と、使用のための指示書とを含むキットであって、前記ストック製剤は、
約40重量%〜約60重量%のホスファチジルコリン(PC)又は薬学上許容可能なその塩と、
ゴマ油、綿実油、ベニバナ油、ヒマシ油から選択される約30重量%〜約50重量%の薬学上許容可能な非水性キャリアと、
約4重量%〜約8重量%のエタノールと
を含み、
前記ストック製剤が透明な溶液の形態であり、100nmを超えるサイズの粒子を欠き、常温で安定であり、水分及びPC以外のリン脂質を実質的に欠いており、前記製剤の粘度が2500cP未満であり、前記製剤が体液にさらされると生体内でリポソームを形成する、
キット。 - (i)前記ストック製剤が1000〜2000cPの範囲の粘度を有すること、及び/又は
(ii)前記ストック製剤が50nmを超えるサイズの粒子を欠いていること、及び/又は
(iii)前記ストック製剤が充填剤を実質的に欠いていること、及び/又は
(iv)前記ストック製剤がさらに抗酸化剤を含む、請求項13のキット。 - 前記抗酸化剤がシステイン又は薬学上許容可能なその塩である請求項14のキット。
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