JP4841425B2 - 運転者の行動解釈に基づいて自動車のサブシステムを制御する方法および機構 - Google Patents
運転者の行動解釈に基づいて自動車のサブシステムを制御する方法および機構 Download PDFInfo
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Description
Claims (82)
- 自動車の運転者が、該運転者の注意を運転のための制御タスクからそらさせる潜在的な注意散漫要因である二次タスクを行なうことによる前記運転者の過剰な作業負荷を評価するとともに、前記評価に基づいて運転作業、および/または、自動車電話やナビゲーション援助装置、インターネットおよびその他の種類の電子サービスの少なくともいずれか一つからなる運転情報システムを自動化する自動車サブシステムを相応に適応させる方法において:
運転者の頭部または目の動きの変動性の一連の測定値を得るとともに、前記測定値をコンピュータ処理装置に入力して分析する段階と;
前記コンピュータ処理装置を用いて前記入力された測定値を分析するとともに、該分析に基づいて、運転者が二次タスクに払っている注意量は、所定のスレッショルドレベルを超える過剰な運転作業負荷であることを評価する段階と;
前記評価によって運転者の過剰な運転作業負荷が判断された状態で、運転のための制御タスク遂行能力の低下を検出する段階と;
前記評価によって運転者の過剰な運転作業負荷が判断された状態で、運転のための制御タスク遂行能力が低下していることの判断に基づいて、前記サブシステムの開始動作を阻止すること、または、前記サブシステムの作動状態を解除することによって、前記自動車の動作が運転のための制御タスクに対する前記運転者の現在の注意レベルと適切に合致することを保証する段階と;
からなる方法。 - 前記サブシステムの動作を制御して、前記サブシステムにより前記運転者作業負荷評価が前記所定のスレッショルドレベルを超えると本質的に危険性を増す走行条件が確立されることを防ぐ段階をさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者作業負荷評価が前記所定のスレッショルドレベルを超える場合に前記自動車の前記サブシステムの開始動作を阻止する請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記運転者作業負荷評価が前記所定のスレッショルドレベルを超える場合に自動的に前記自動車の前記サブシステムの作動状態を解除する請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記自動車の前記サブシステムの前記自動作動解除に先立って運転者警告を発する段階をさらに含む請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記運転者が前記自動車の前記サブシステムの自動作動解除を阻止することを可能にする段階をさらに含む請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記自動車の前記サブシステムは、クルーズコントロール機能である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記クルーズコントロール機能は、前方車間距離を基本とする適応型である請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者作業負荷評価が前記所定のスレッショルドレベルを超える場合に、前記クルーズコントロール機能を制御して、クルーズコントロールが作動せしめられるときに設定速度を低くする段階をさらに含む請求項7または8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記自動車の前記サブシステムは、車線維持支援機能である請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記車線維持支援機能は、前記自動車のステアリングシステムを介して前記自動車を走行車線内の所定の相対的な幅方向位置の方へと自動的に付勢する請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記自動車に配置されている自動車状態検出手段により提供される自動車状態データを評価する段階と、前記自動車に配置されている環境検出手段により提供される環境データを評価する段階と、前記自動車状態データと前記環境データとの少なくとも一方の関数として前記所定のスレッショルドレベルを判断する段階とをさらに含む請求項1乃至11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記自動車状態検出手段は、ステアリングコラム検出手段と;自動車速度検出手段と;ギヤシフト検出手段と;ブレーキ検出手段と;スロットルペダル検出手段と;クラッチ検出手段と;車輪速度検出手段とによって構成されるグループから選択される検出手段からなる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記環境検出手段は、明るさ検出手段と;道路状態検出手段と;自動車位置検出手段と;近接検出手段と;車線位置検出手段とによって構成されるグループから選択される検出手段からなる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 運転者の過剰な作業負荷が、二次タスクに対する前記運転者の注意に起因しうると評価されたときに運転のための制御タスクに対する前記運転者の注意を促す段階をさらに含む請求項1乃至14のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記運転のための制御タスク遂行能力の低下は、ハンドル操作のふらつきに基づいて評価される請求項1乃至15のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記運転のための制御タスク遂行能力の低下は、車線維持のふらつきに基づいて評価される請求項1乃至15のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記運転のための制御タスク遂行能力の低下は、自動車速度のふらつきに基づいて評価される請求項1乃至15のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記運転者の視覚活動の前記測定値は、前記運転者の頭部の動きの観察から導出される請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者の視覚活動の前記測定値は、前記運転者の目の動きの観察から導出される請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者の視覚活動の前記測定値は、前記運転者の脇見行動の観察から導出される請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者の過剰な作業負荷の評価を所定の許容可能レベルと比較する段階と、前記比較の結果を前記運転者に視覚的に表示する段階とをさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 運転者可聴警告刺激モードを用いて、運転のための制御タスクに対する前記運転者の注意を促す段階をさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者可聴警告刺激モードは、使用者により録音されるメッセージである請求項23に記載の方法。
- 運転者触覚警告刺激モードを用いて、運転のための制御タスクに対する前記運転者の注意を促す段階をさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者触覚警告刺激モードは、座席振動である請求項25に記載の方法。
- 複数個の選択可能な運転者警告刺激モードの1つを用いて、運転のための制御タスクに対する前記運転者の注意を促す段階をさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 既存の運転者視覚活動に基づいて、前記複数個の選択可能な運転者警告刺激モードから特定の運転者警告刺激モードを選択する段階をさらに含む請求項27に記載の方法。
- 運転者が前記複数個の選択可能な運転者警告刺激モードから既に用いられた前記特定の運転者警告刺激モードを選択することを可能にする段階をさらに含む請求項27に記載の方法。
- 運転者が前記複数個の選択可能な運転者警告刺激モードから最大3個の運転者警告刺激モードを選択することを可能にする段階をさらに含む請求項29に記載の方法。
- 運転者の作業負荷が過剰であると評価されると、前記運転者により選択される最大3個の運転者警告刺激モードを同時に作動させる段階をさらに含む請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記警告刺激モードを既存の運転者視覚活動に基づいて適応させる段階をさらに含む請求項27に記載の方法。
- 運転者の作業負荷が過剰であると評価されると、前記運転者の視覚的注意を異なる方向に再誘導する段階をさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者の視覚的注意が再誘導される前記異なる方向は、前方の運転場面である請求項33に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者の視覚的注意の前記再誘導は、光波によって行なわれる請求項33に記載の方法。
- 前記光波は、前記運転者にとって閾下である請求項35に記載の方法。
- 前記光波は、一連のLED灯火の漸進的照明によって構成される請求項35に記載の方法。
- 前記光波は、前記運転者の凝視が検出された位置に対応する位置から始動する請求項35に記載の方法。
- 前記光波は、前記光波の光路の幅より大きい点灯面積で終わる請求項35に記載の方法。
- 前記光波は、最初にゆっくりと点滅して、以って前記運転者の反応を評価することを可能にする請求項35に記載の方法。
- 運転者の反応が不十分であることが検出されると、前記光波の点滅時間を増加させる段階をさらに含む請求項40に記載の方法。
- 運転者の反応が不十分であることが検出されると、前記光波の強さが増加せしめられる請求項40に記載の方法。
- 過剰な運転者作業負荷に直面していると評価された前記運転者に警告を発する段階と、前記運転者に前記警告の評価根拠に関する情報を提供する段階とをさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記警告の前記評価根拠は、ハンドル操作のふらつきである請求項43に記載の方法。
- ハンドル操作のふらつきの視覚的表示が前記運転者に対して表示される請求項44に記載の方法。
- ハンドル操作のふらつきが起こっていることを前記運転者に伝える可聴メッセージが前記運転者に対して発せられる請求項44に記載の方法。
- 前記警告の前記評価根拠は、車線維持のふらつきである請求項43に記載の方法。
- 車線維持のふらつきの視覚的表示が前記運転者に対して表示される請求項47に記載の方法。
- 車線維持のふらつきが起こっていることを前記運転者に伝える可聴メッセージが前記運転者に対して発せられる請求項47に記載の方法。
- 既存の視覚活動に基づいて、運転者の運転者作業負荷が過剰であると評価される場合にその推定される原因を判断する段階と、前記判断に基づいて、複数個の可能な刺激モードから特定の運転者警告刺激モードを選択する段階とをさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 運転者の作業負荷が過剰であることを示す前記既存の視覚活動は、実質的に同じ位置方向を過度に頻繁に一瞥することを特徴とする請求項50に記載の方法。
- 二次タスクに対する前記運転者の注意に起因しうる過剰な運転者作業負荷の評価に基づいて作業負荷管理プロトコルを実行する段階をさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記作業負荷管理プロトコルは、情報を類別するとともに、前記運転者の作業負荷が許容不能なレベルにあると評価される場合に、前記運転者に対する前記情報の提示を遅らせる優先順位システムからなる請求項52に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者に対して遅らされる前記情報は、電子装置による可聴音声である請求項53に記載の方法。
- 前記可聴音声は、車載電話から発せられる対話である請求項54に記載の方法。
- 前記可聴音声は、車載ナビゲーション・システムから発せられる位置情報である請求項54に記載の方法。
- 前記可聴音声は、車載ナビゲーション・システムから発せられる航行指示である請求項54に記載の方法。
- 前記可聴音声は、テキスト・音声電子変換である請求項54に記載の方法。
- 前記可聴音声は、電子メールのメッセージのテキスト・音声電子変換である請求項54に記載の方法。
- 運転者の注意が再び許容可能なレベルになったときに情報の伝達を再開する段階をさらに含む請求項53に記載の方法。
- 運転のための制御タスクに対する運転者の注意が許容可能なレベルにあることを評価する段階と、前記評価に基づいて、たとえ二次タスクに対する前記運転者の注意に起因しうる運転者の作業負荷が過剰であると評価される場合でも、運転のための制御タスクに対する前記運転者の注意を促すことを遅らせる段階とをさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 運転のための制御タスクに対する運転者の注意が許容可能なレベルにあることを評価する段階と、前記評価に基づいて、たとえ二次タスクに対する前記運転者の注意に起因しうる運転者の作業負荷が過剰であると評価される場合でも、運転のための制御タスクに対する前記運転者の注意を促すことを取り消す段階とをさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 特に特徴づけられる運転者視覚活動を、さもなければ二次タスクに対する運転者の過剰な注意を示す許容不能な運転者視覚活動と評価される運転のための制御タスクの遂行能力と関連あるものとして類別する段階と;
前記運転者に対する刺激を阻止する段階とをさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。 - 前記運転者視覚活動は、バックミラーの方向を一瞥することである請求項63に記載の方法。
- 運転者の過剰な作業負荷の前記評価に基づいて前側衝突警告システムの動作を適応させる段階をさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 運転者の過剰な作業負荷の前記評価に基づいて後側衝突警告システムの動作を適応させる段階をさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 運転者の過剰な作業負荷の前記評価に基づいて車線変更衝突警告システムの動作を適応させる段階をさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 運転者の過剰な作業負荷の評価の実時間表示の形態をとる運転者フィードバックを提供する段階をさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者フィードバックは、積み重ねられた灯火の点灯数が運転者の過剰な作業負荷のレベル評価と相関付けられる、積み重ねられた灯火の形態で提供される請求項68に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者フィードバックは、運転者の過剰な作業負荷のレベル評価が、積み重ねられた灯火の長さに沿って示される、積み重ねられた灯火の形態で提供される請求項68に記載の方法。
- 運転者の過剰な作業負荷の最新レベル評価に関する傾向情報は、フェードアウトで示される請求項70に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者フィードバックは、伸縮する光の棒の形態で提供され、前記棒の点灯長さは、運転者の過剰な作業負荷の実時間レベル評価と相関付けられる請求項68に記載の方法。
- さらに、運転者の過剰な作業負荷の評価の履歴統計値を示す固定長の各光の棒を隣接して配置されて含む請求項72に記載の方法。
- 前記隣接して配置される固定長の光の棒は、前記伸縮する光の棒より狭い幅を有する請求項73に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者フィードバックは、運転者の過剰な作業負荷の実時間評価が最適な注意度に対して示される比較形式で提供される請求項68に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者フィードバックは、運転者の過剰な作業負荷の評価のヒストグラムの形態で提供される請求項68に記載の方法。
- 前記運転者の過剰な作業負荷の評価を記録する段階と、運転者フィードバックを走行後報告の形態で提供する段階とをさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 運転者の運転者作業負荷が過剰であると評価される推定原因を判断する段階と、要求に応じて前記推定原因を前記運転者に対して特定する段階とをさらに含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- 請求項1乃至78のいずれかに記載の方法を行なうシステム。
- プログラム可能なマイクロコンピュータにおいて実行されたときに、請求項1乃至79のいずれかに記載の方法を実行するようになっているコンピュータプログラム・コード手段からなるコンピュータプログラム。
- インターネットに接続されているコンピュータにおいて実行されたときに、請求項79に記載のシステムまたは該システムの1つの構成要素にダウンロードされるようになっている請求項80に記載のコンピュータプログラム。
- 請求項80に記載のコンピュータプログラム・コード手段からなる、コンピュータ使用可能媒体に記憶されるコンピュータプログラム製品。
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2004
- 2004-06-07 BR BRPI0411056-0A patent/BRPI0411056A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-06-07 CN CN2004800158039A patent/CN1802273B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-07 US US10/862,786 patent/US7639148B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-07 JP JP2006508581A patent/JP4841425B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-07 EP EP04736293A patent/EP1638801A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-06-07 WO PCT/SE2004/000895 patent/WO2004108466A1/en active Search and Examination
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JPH10166895A (ja) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 車両用追従走行制御装置 |
JP2002002325A (ja) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 車両用警報装置 |
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JP2003118423A (ja) * | 2001-10-11 | 2003-04-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 自動巡航制御装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1638801A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
CN1802273B (zh) | 2010-05-12 |
CN1802273A (zh) | 2006-07-12 |
US7639148B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 |
JP2007528815A (ja) | 2007-10-18 |
WO2004108466A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
US20050030184A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
BRPI0411056A (pt) | 2007-04-17 |
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