JP3377892B2 - 金属層用化学・機械研磨スラリー - Google Patents
金属層用化学・機械研磨スラリーInfo
- Publication number
- JP3377892B2 JP3377892B2 JP25887595A JP25887595A JP3377892B2 JP 3377892 B2 JP3377892 B2 JP 3377892B2 JP 25887595 A JP25887595 A JP 25887595A JP 25887595 A JP25887595 A JP 25887595A JP 3377892 B2 JP3377892 B2 JP 3377892B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- slurry
- alumina
- less
- range
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical group [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical group [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 34
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 34
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000128206 Pyracantha coccinea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003105 Pyracantha coccinea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001454 recorded image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AWDBHOZBRXWRKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(6+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+6].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] AWDBHOZBRXWRKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium tungsten Chemical compound [Ti].[W] MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1436—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
- C09K3/1463—Aqueous liquid suspensions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/32115—Planarisation
- H01L21/3212—Planarisation by chemical mechanical polishing [CMP]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
Description
ナ化(planarization) のための化学・機械研磨スラリー
に関し、特に詳しくは、金属層の研磨に用いるための化
学・機械研磨スラリーに関する。
コン又はヒ化ガリウムウェーハのような基板を含み、基
板上には複数の集積回路が形成されている。集積回路は
基板内の領域と基板上の層とをパターン化することによ
って基板中に化学的及び物理的に集積される。層は導電
性、絶縁性及び半導性のいずれかを有する、種々な物質
から一般に形成される。高い歩留まり(yield) を有する
素子のためには、平坦な半導体ウェーハによって開始す
ることが非常に重要であり、その結果、半導体ウェーハ
の面又は部分を研磨することがしばしば必要である。素
子製造のプロセス工程を均一ではないウェーハ表面で実
施する場合には、多数の作動不能な素子を生ずる、種々
な問題が起こりうる。例えば、近代的な半導体集積回路
の製造では、既製構造体の上に導電性ライン又は同様な
構造を形成することが必要である。しかし、先行技術の
表面形成はしばしばウェーハの上面のトポグラフィー(t
opography,微細構成) を、***、不均一な高さの領域、
トラフ、溝(trench)及び他の同様な種類の表面不規則性
を有する、非常に不規則なままに残す。その結果、フォ
トリトグラフィー(photolithography,写真平版)中に充
分な焦点深さを確保し、製造プロセスの種々な段階中に
不規則性と表面欠陥を除去するために、このような表面
の全体的なプレーナ化が必要である。ウェーハ表面のプ
レーナリティ(planarity, 平坦状態の品質) を確保する
ために、幾つかの研磨方法が存在するが、歩留まり、性
能及び信頼性を改良するための、素子製造の種々な段階
中のウェーハ表面のプレーナ化に、化学・機械プレーナ
化又は研磨を用いる方法が広範囲に用いられている。一
般に、化学・機械研磨(“CMP”)は通常の研磨スラ
リーで飽和された研磨パッドと共に制御された下向き圧
力下でウェーハを円運動させることを含む。化学・機械
研磨についてのより詳細な説明に関しては、米国特許第
4,671,851号、第4,910,155号及び第
4,944,836号明細書を参照のこと。これらの明
細書は言及することにより本明細書に組み入れられる。
な、典型的な研磨スラリーは、酸性又は塩基性溶液中に
例えばシリカ又はアルミナのような研磨粒子を含む。例
えば、ジャービック(Jerbic)への米国特許第5,24
5,790号明細書は超音波エネルギーと、KOH溶液
中のシリカに基づくスラリーとを用いる、半導体ウェー
ハの化学・機械研磨方法を開示する。ユー(Yu)等への米
国特許第5,244,534号明細書は絶縁層中の導電
性プラグ(conductive plug) の形成方法を開示する。こ
の方法は、例えばタングステンのような、物質のプラグ
を生じ、このプラグは通常の方法によって得られるより
も、絶縁層表面とより高度に同一平面(moreeven) であ
る。第1CMP工程においては、絶縁材を殆ど除去せず
に、予測可能な速度でタングステンを除去するために例
えばAl2 O3 のような研磨粒子と、例えばH2 O2 の
ようなエッチング剤と、KOH又はNH4 OHのいずれ
かとのスラリーが用いられる。第2CMP工程は例えば
酸化アルミニウムのような研磨材と、過酸化水素の酸化
性成分と、水とから成るスラリーを用いる。同様に、ユ
ー等への米国特許第5,209,816号明細書はH3
PO4 、H2 O2 、H2O及び個体研磨材を含むCMP
スラリーを開示し、他方では、メデリン(Medellin)への
米国特許第5,157,876号及び第5,137,5
44号明細書は水、コロイドシリカ及び次亜塩素酸ナト
リウム含有漂白剤の混合物を含む、半導体ウェーハ研磨
用の無応力CMP剤(stress free CMP agent) を開示す
る。コーテ(Cote)等への米国特許第4,956,313
号はAl2 O3 粒子、脱イオン水、塩基及び酸化剤から
成るスラリーを開示する。
間にわたって上首尾に用いられてきたので、半導体工業
の最近の傾向は金属層の研磨にCMP方法とスラリーを
用いることである。しかし、幾つかのスラリーと研磨方
法とが、例えばタングステン、アルミニウム及び銅のよ
うな、金属層、フィルム及びプラグに適用されてきたと
しても、素子製造のためのこれらの金属の化学・機械研
磨は充分に理解されている又は開発されているとは言え
ない。その結果、金属層への通常のシリカ又はアルミナ
スラリーの使用は許容されない研磨性能を生じ、不良な
品質の素子を生成している。したがって、好ましくない
汚染物及び表面欠陥のない、均質な金属層を生成する、
改良された化学・機械研磨方法と同方法のためのスラリ
ーとが依然として切望されている。
媒質中に均一に分散した、高純度の金属酸化物微粒子を
含む、半導体素子の金属層を研磨するための化学・機械
研磨スラリーに関する。この粒子は約40m2 /g〜約
430m2 /gの範囲の表面積と、約1.0μ未満の凝
集体サイズ分布と、約0.4μ未満の平均凝集体直径
と、粒子間のファンデルワールス力に反発し、これを克
服するために充分な力とを有する。好ましい実施態様で
は、金属酸化物粒子は約±10ミリボルトより大きい最
大ζ電位を有する。本発明の研磨スラリーによってタン
グステン層を研磨する方法も開示する。
均一に分散した、高純度の金属酸化物微粒子を含む、半
導体素子の金属層を研磨するための化学・機械研磨スラ
リーに関する。本発明の粒子は、約40m2 /g〜約4
30m2 /gの範囲の表面積と、約1.0μ未満の凝集
体サイズ分布と、約0.4μ未満の平均凝集体直径と、
粒子間のファンデルワールス力に反発し、これを克服す
るために充分な力とを有することによって、先行技術の
“研磨粒子”とは異なる。説明のために、図1は本発明
のスラリー中のヒュームド(fumed) アルミナの金属酸化
物粒子のTEM(透過電子顕微鏡写真)である。
(S.Brunauer)、エメット(P.H.Emmet)及びテーラー(I.Te
ller),J.Am.Chemical Societ
y,60巻,309頁(1938)の窒素吸着方法によ
って測定される、粒子の表面積は典型的に約40m2 /
g〜約430m2 /gの範囲である。粒子は必要な研磨
度に依存して、スラリーの0.5%〜55%を占める。
次に、金属酸化物粒子の研磨は、粒子組成、結晶化度及
び結晶相(例えば、アルミナではγ又はα)の関数であ
る。望ましい選択性と研磨速度とを得るために、最適の
表面積と負荷レベル(loading level) が、特定の研磨ス
ラリーのために如何なる金属酸化物粒子が選択されたか
と、結晶化度及び結晶相とに依存して変化することが判
明している。1実施態様では、高度の選択性が望ましい
場合に、約70m2 /g〜約170m 2 /gの範囲の表
面積を有するアルミナ粒子の12重量%未満の固体負荷
量(solid loading) が好ましい。これより低い表面積、
すなわち70m2 /g未満では、アルミナ粒子に関して
7%未満の固体負荷量が好ましい。同様に、低い選択性
が望ましい場合には、金属酸化物微粒子がヒュームドシ
リカであるときに、40m2 /g〜250m2 /gの表
面積が約0.5〜約20重量%の範囲内に存在すべきで
あることが発見されている。
研磨中の引っ掻き傷、へこみ痕跡(pit mark)、くぼみ(d
ivot) 及び他の表面欠陥を避けるために、約1.0μ未
満の凝集体サイズ分布を有する。例示のために、図2と
3は、それぞれヒュームドアルミナとシリカに関して、
本発明の金属酸化物の凝集体サイズ分布を説明する。高
純度とは、総不純物含量が典型的に1%未満、好ましく
は0.01%(すなわち、100ppm)未満であるこ
とを意味する。不純物の源(source)は典型的に原料物質
不純物と痕跡の(trace) 加工汚染物とを含む。粒子の凝
集体サイズとは、融合した一次粒子の三次元分枝鎖の寸
法(measurement) を意味する。“粒子”、“一次粒子”
及び“凝集体粒子”なる用語は一般に互換的に指示され
るが、このような指示は不正確であり、誤解を生じるこ
とに注意すべきである。例えば、“粒度”なる用語が典
型的に意味することは、実際には、“凝集体粒子又は凝
集体”の平均最大サイズであり、“一次粒子”のサイズ
ではない。それ故、凝集体と一次粒子とを注意深く認識
して、区別することが当業者にとって重要である。
法は、透過電子顕微鏡検査(TEM)による方法であっ
た。この方法では、金属酸化物粒子サンプルを液体媒質
中に、塊(agglomerate) が凝集体に完全に変化するま
で、分散させる。次に、分離した凝集体がTEMグリッ
ド上に示されるまで、その濃度を調節する。次に、Ko
ntron Instruments(マサチューセッ
ツ州,エバーレット)によって製造された画像分析系を
用いて、グリッド上の多重フィールドを映写して(image
d)、1000個より多い凝集体が映写され、記録される
まで、ビデオテープに記録した。記録された画像を次
に、さらに処理するための、すなわち収差を解消し、バ
ックグランドを調節し、画像を正常化するためのフレー
ム−グラバー(frame-grabber) ボードを備えた画像分析
コンピュータに供給する。二元(binary)フィールドでの
個々の凝集体を幾つかの粒子パラメータ(すなわち、凝
集体サイズ)に関して、例えば、ASTM D3849
−89に述べられているような、周知の方法を用いて測
定する。測定値は個々に、又は統計的分布若しくはヒス
トグラム分布として再現することができる。
効果的な代替え手段であるためには、金属酸化物粒子の
凝集体が安定な水性媒質中に均一に分散することが重要
である。均一に分散するとは、凝集体が単離して、媒質
中に充分に分配されることを意味する。安定なとは、凝
集体が再塊状化して、沈降する(例えば、硬質の緻密な
沈降を形成する)ことがないことを典型的に意味する。
好ましい実施態様では、凝集体は少なくとも3か月間安
定であり続ける。スラリー安定性を得るために重要であ
ることは、本発明の金属酸化物粒子が、1.0μ未満の
凝集体サイズ分布を有することの他に、約0.4μ未満
の平均(average or mean) 凝集体直径を有し、本発明の
粒子が粒子間のファンデルワールス引力に反発し、これ
を克服するために充分な力を有することであることがさ
らに判明している。平均凝集体直径は、TEM画像分析
を用いた場合に、すなわち凝集体の横断面積に基づい
た、平均等価球直径(average equivalent spherical di
ameter) を意味する。力とは、金属酸化物粒子の表面電
位(surface potenntial)又は水和力が粒子間のファンデ
ルワールス引力に反発し、これを克服するために充分で
なければならないことを意味する。
0.3μ未満の平均凝集体サイズ分布を有し、±10ミ
リボルトより大きい最大ζ電位をも有する。ζ電位は電
気二重層の範囲を超えた、剪断面と液体の大部分(bulk)
との間の液体中で測定された電位差である。ζ電位は、
図4に示すように、水性媒質のpHに依存する。一定の
金属酸化物粒子の組成に関して、等電点は、その点でζ
電位が零であるpHとして定義される。pHが等電点か
ら増加又は減少するにつれて、表面電荷はそれぞれ、陰
性に又は陽性に増加する。pHが増加又は減少し続ける
につれて、表面電荷は漸近線(asymptote) に達する、こ
の漸近線は最大ζ電位と呼ばれる。最大ζ電位と等電点
とが金属酸化物組成の関数であり、最大ζ電位が水性媒
質への塩の添加によって影響されうることは注目すべき
である。ζ電位のさらに完全な考察に関しては、ハンタ
ー(R.J.Hunter),Zeta Potential in
Colloid Science(Academic
Press,1981)を参照のこと。
えば電気泳動、動電学的音波振幅(electrokinetic soni
c amplitude)、及び超音波振動電位を含む分析方法のよ
うな、多くの周知方法によって測定することもできる。
本発明では、上記ζ電位をMatec MBS−800
0機器(Matec Applied Science
s,Inc.,マサチューセッツ州,ホプキントン)を
用いて、動電学的音波振幅の測定によって評価した。
物に酸化するために、研磨スラリーに酸化性成分を加え
ることができる。例えば、本発明では、タングステンか
ら酸化タングステンにのように、金属層をその対応酸化
物に酸化するために酸化性成分を用いる。層を機械的に
研磨して、層から酸化タングステンを除去する。広範囲
な酸化性成分を用いることができるが、好ましい成分に
は、酸化性金属塩、酸化性金属錯体、例えば硝酸塩、硫
酸塩、EDTA、クエン酸塩、ヘキサシアノ鉄(III) 酸
カリウム等のような鉄塩、アルミニウム塩、ナトリウム
塩、カリウム塩、アンモニウム塩、第4級アンモニウム
塩、ホスホニウム塩、過酸化物、塩素酸塩、過塩素酸
塩、過マンガン酸塩、過硫酸塩及びこれらの混合物があ
る。典型的に、酸化性成分は、スラリーの機械・化学研
磨成分にバランスを保たせながら、金属層を確実に迅速
に酸化するために充分な量でスラリー中に存在する。さ
らに、酸化性成分の濃度と研磨スラリーのコロイド安定
性との間に重要な関係が存在することが判明している。
酸化性成分は、このようなものとして、典型的に約0.
5〜約15重量%、好ましくは1〜7重量%の範囲内で
スラリー中に存在する。
分の沈降、フロキュレーション(flocculation)及び分解
に対してさらに安定化するために、例えば、界面活性
剤、ポリマー安定剤又は他の界面活性分散剤のような、
種々な添加剤を用いることができる。本発明に用いるた
めに適切な界面活性剤の多くの例が、例えばキルク−オ
トマー(Kirk-Othmer), Encyclopedia o
f ChemicalTechnology,第3版,
22巻(John Wiley & Sons,198
3);シスレットとウッド(Sislet & Wood), Ency
clopedia of Surface Activ
e Agents(ChemicalPublishi
ng Co.,Inc.,1964)並びに、例えばマ
ククッチェオン(McCutcheon)のEmulsifiers
& Detergents,North Ameri
can and International Edi
tion(McCutcheon Division,
The MC Publishing Co.199
1);アッシュ(Ash) ,The Condensed
Encyclopedia of Surfactan
ts,(Chemical Publishing C
o.,Inc.1989);アッシュ,WhatEve
ry Chemical Technologists
Wantsto Know About・・・Emu
lsifiers and Wetting Agen
ts,1巻(Chemical Publishing
Co.,Inc.1988);タドロス(Tadros),S
urfactants(Academic Pres
s,1984);ナッパー(Napper),Polymeri
c Stabilization of Colloi
dal Dispersion(Academic P
ress,1983);及びローゼン(Rosen) ,Sur
factants & Interfacial Ph
enomena,第2版(John Wiley &
Sons,1989)を含めた、入手可能な製造に関す
る文献に開示されており、これらの全ては本明細書に援
用される。1実施態様では、ポリジメチルシロキサンと
ポリオキシアルキレンエーテルとのコポリマーから成る
界面活性剤が適切であると判明した。
界面活性剤)の使用量はスラリーの有効な立体的安定性
(steric stabilization)を得るために充分であるべきで
あり、典型的に、選択された特定の界面活性剤と金属酸
化物粒子の表面の性質とに依存して、変化する。例え
ば、選択された界面活性剤の充分でない量を用いる場合
には、この界面活性剤は安定化に対して殆ど又は全く効
果を有さない。他方では、あまりに多量の界面活性剤は
スラリー中に好ましくない泡立ち及び/又はフロキュレ
ーションを生じる恐れがある。その結果、界面活性剤の
ような添加剤は一般に、約0.001〜10重量%の範
囲内で存在すべきである。さらに、添加剤はスラリーに
直接加えるか、又は金属酸化物粒子の表面上に周知の方
法を用いて塗布することができる。いずれの場合にも、
添加剤の量は研磨スラリー中に望ましい濃度が得られる
ように調節される。
アルミナ、ヒュームドシリカ又はヒュームドアルミナで
あり、好ましくはヒュームドシリカ又はヒュームドアル
ミナである。ヒュームドシリカとヒュームドアルミナと
の製造は、水素又は酸素の火炎中で例えば四塩化ケイ素
又は塩化アルミニウムのような、適当なフィードストッ
ク蒸気を加水分解することを含む、充分に知られた方法
である。ほぼ球形の溶融粒子がこの燃焼プロセス中に形
成され、溶融粒子の直径はプロセスパラメータによって
変化する。典型的に一次粒子と呼ばれる、ヒュームドシ
リカ又はヒュームドアルミナの溶融球は、それらの接触
点において衝突することによって、相互に融合して、三
次元分枝鎖様の凝集体を形成する。凝集体を破壊するた
めに必要な力は相当な力であり、しばしば不可逆的と考
えられる。冷却及び回収中に、凝集体はさらに衝突し
て、幾らかの機械的もつれを生じて、塊を形成すること
がある。塊はファンデルワールス力によってゆるく結合
していると考えられ、元に戻ることができる、すなわ
ち、適切な媒質中に適当に分散させることによって、再
び非塊状化する(de-agglomerate)ことができる。
製造することができ、典型的には、高い塩濃度、酸又は
他の凝固剤(coagulant) の影響下で、水性媒質から所望
の粒子を凝固させることによって形成される。粒子を濾
過し、洗浄し、乾燥させて、他の反応生成物の残渣から
当業者に周知の通常の方法によって分離させる。
脱イオン水に迅速に加えて、コロイド分散液を形成す
る。この分散液を通常の条件を用いて高剪断混合にさら
すことによってスラリーが完成する。コロイド安定性を
最大にするために、スラリーのpHを等電点から離れる
ように調節する。本発明の研磨スラリーを1パッケージ
系(安定な水性媒質中に金属酸化物粒子と、必要な場合
の酸化性成分とを含む)として、又は2パッケージ系
(第1パッケージは安定な水性媒質中の金属酸化物粒子
から成り、第2パッケージは酸化性成分から成る)とし
て、ウェーハの目的金属層上に用いるために適当な、任
意の標準研磨装置によって用いることができる。酸化性
成分がある種の金属酸化物粒子の存在下で時間が経つに
つれて分解又は加水分解する場合には、2パッケージ系
を用いる。2パッケージ系では、研磨の直前に酸化性成
分をスラリーに加えることができる。
損(defect)を最小にしながら、所望の研磨速度で金属層
を効果的に研磨することに有用であることが判明してい
る。以下では、本発明の研磨スラリーを実施例によっ
て、非限定的に説明する。
量%のヒュームドアルミナと、5重量%の硝酸第二鉄
と、残部の脱イオン水とから成るものであった。第2ス
ラリーは3重量%のヒュームドシリカと、5重量%の硝
酸第二鉄と、残部の脱イオン水とから成るものであっ
た。両スラリーの他の性質を表Iに要約する。両スラリ
ーを用いて、約7500Åの厚さを有するタングステン
層を化学・機械研磨した。研磨条件と性能結果とを表II
に示す。
明されるように、本発明の両研磨スラリーは許容される
研磨速度と高品質のウェーハ表面とを得るために効果的
であった。さらに、金属酸化物粒子の組成とその相(pha
se) とはタングステン層の研磨速度と、選択性(すなわ
ち、タングステンと熱酸化物(thermal oxide) との研磨
速度比)とに影響を与えることを見ることができる。こ
の結果、タングステン層の研磨のための特定の金属酸化
物の選択は所望の選択性と研磨速度とに依存する。
硝酸第二鉄と、残部の脱イオン水とから成る通常のスラ
リーを製造した。このスラリーを用いて、約7500Å
の厚さを有するタングステン層を化学・機械研磨した。
実施例1で用いた条件と同様な研磨条件下で、市販アル
ミナのスラリーは750Å/分を除去し、不充分な品質
のウェーハを生成した。市販アルミナのスラリーによっ
て得られた研磨速度は大抵の研磨用途のために許容され
なかった。
の研磨性能に及ぼす影響を調べるために、5種類の研磨
スラリーを製造した。8重量%のヒュームドアルミナ
と、5重量%の硝酸第二鉄と、残部の脱イオン水とから
成る、第1、第2及び第3のスラリーは攻撃的な(aggre
ssive)研磨条件(すなわち、高圧、高い研磨盤速度(tab
le speed) 、高い固体負荷量(solid loading) )下での
粒子形状と結晶化度との影響を試験するために製造し
た。3重量%のヒュームドアルミナと、5重量%の硝酸
第二鉄と、残部の脱イオン水とから成る、第4及び第5
のスラリーは攻撃的でない(less aggressive) 研磨条件
(すなわち、低圧、低い研磨盤速度、及び低い固体負荷
量)下での粒子形状と結晶化度との影響を試験するため
に製造した。スラリーの他の性質を表III に要約する。
5スラリーを用いて、約7500Åの厚さを有するタン
グステン層を化学・機械研磨した。研磨条件と性能結果
とを表IVに示す。
うに、スラリー1〜3の攻撃的な研磨条件下では、ヒュ
ームドアルミナ粒子の相と形状(すなわち、表面積)と
は、選択性(すなわち、タングステンと熱酸化物との研
磨速度比)と表面品質とに有意な影響を与え、研磨速度
にはあまり明白でない(less dramatic) 影響を与えるこ
とが判明した。スラリー4と5の攻撃的でない研磨条件
下では、相と形状とは、研磨速度と表面品質とに有意な
影響を有する。例えば、スラリー3(8%負荷量)、4
(3%負荷量)及び5(3%負荷量)によって研磨する
ことによって、高品質ウェーハが製造された。しかし、
適当な研磨速度を得るためにも、高表面積アルミナに関
しては、高い固体負荷量レベルが必要であった。他方で
は、スラリー1(8%負荷量)とスラリー2(8%負荷
量)とは、非常に高い研磨速度を得るにも拘わらず、低
い表面品質のウェーハを生成した。完全に理解された訳
ではないが、本明細書で実証されたように、スラリーの
組成と、金属酸化物微粒子の形状(すなわち、表面積、
凝集体サイズと直径、結晶化度、結晶相)との間の相互
関係が効果的な研磨スラリーを得るために決定的である
ことを認識することが重要である。
と、残部の脱イオン水とから成る研磨スラリーを製造し
た。このスラリーの他の性質を表Vに要約する。このス
ラリーを用いて、約7500Åの厚さを有するアルミニ
ウム層を化学・機械研磨した。研磨条件と性能結果とを
表VIに示す。
に、本発明の研磨スラリーはアルミニウム層の許容され
る研磨速度と、高い表面品質を有するウェーハとを得る
ために効果的である。
と最大ζ電位との影響を説明するために、2スラリーを
製造した。第1スラリーは8重量%の、本発明で述べる
ようなヒュームドアルミナと、5重量%の硝酸第二鉄
と、残部の脱イオン水とから成るものであった。第2ス
ラリーはUltralox M100の名称で商業的に
入手可能な沈降アルミナ固体 8重量%から成るもので
あった。これらのスラリーの他の性質は表VII に記載す
る。
スラリーの金属酸化物粒子量を示す。粒子をByk G
ardner Inc.によって製造されたDynom
eter機器を用いて測定した。認められるように、本
発明のスラリー1では沈殿が検出されなかった。他方で
は、市販アルミナのスラリー2は24時間にわたって沈
殿の連続的な増加を示した。この期間の終了時に、アル
ミナの大部分が沈殿して、緻密な硬質のケーキを形成し
た。このときに、ケーキを再分散させて、スラリーを安
定化させる追加工程なしに用いた場合に、スラリー2は
低い研磨速度を示し、ウェーハ表面に顕著な引っ掻きを
生じて、不良な品質のウェーハを生成した。
ラリーは不均一なトポグラフィーと、物質の層と、引っ
掻き傷、ざらつき又は例えばごみ若しくはダストのよう
な汚染物粒子を含めた表面欠陥とを除去するための化学
・機械的プレーナ化のために特に有用であることが判明
した。この結果、このスラリーを用いる半導体プロセス
は表面品質、素子信頼性及び歩留まりを、通常のエッチ
ングバック(etch back) 方法に比べて、改良する。金属
酸化物微粒子はアルミナとシリカとを指定したが、本明
細書の開示が他の金属酸化物微粒子、例えば、ゲルマニ
ア、セリア、チタニア等に適用可能であることは理解さ
れる。さらに、金属酸化物粒子を用いて、例えば銅及び
チタンのような、他の金属並びに例えばチタン、窒化チ
タン及びチタンタングステンのような基層(underlayer)
を研磨することができる。
実施態様に限定されず、種々な変更及び改良が本発明の
範囲及び要旨から逸脱せずになされうることが、さらに
理解されよう。
子構造を倍率50,000倍で示す透過電子顕微鏡写
真。
ドアルミナの金属酸化物粒子の凝集体サイズ分布のグラ
フ。
ドシリカの金属酸化物粒子の凝集体サイズ分布のグラ
フ。
論的プロットのグラフ。
ウェーハに関するタングステン研磨速度と熱酸化物選択
性とに対する粒子組成の影響を示すグラフ。X軸はウェ
ーハ番号を示し、Y軸はタングステン研磨速度(Å/
分)を示す。
ウェーハに関するタングステン研磨速度に対する粒子形
状、相及び固体含量の影響を示すグラフ。X軸はウェー
ハ番号を示し、Y軸はタングステン研磨速度(Å/分)
を示す。
ウェーハに関するアルミナの研磨速度と熱酸化物選択性
とを示すグラフ。
よって、凝集体サイズ分布とζ電位とがコロイド安定性
に及ぼす影響を説明するグラフ。
Claims (28)
- 【請求項1】 基板の金属層を化学的機械的に研磨する
方法において、 (a) 水性媒質中に均一に分散した、40m2/g〜43
0m2/gの範囲の表面積と、1.0μ未満の凝集体サ
イズ分布と、0.4μ未満の平均凝集体直径と、粒子間
のファンデルワールス力に反発し、これを克服するため
に充分な力とを有する、高純度のアルミナ粒子を含み、
安定である化学・機械研磨スラリーを与え、次いで (b) 半導体基板上の金属層を前記スラリーによって化学
的機械的に研磨する、諸工程を含む、上記方法。 - 【請求項2】 金属層がタングステン、アルミニウム、
銅、チタン及びこれらの合金から成る群から選択される
請求項1記載の方法。 - 【請求項3】 アルミナ粒子が0.5重量%〜55重量
%の範囲内で存在する請求項1記載の方法。 - 【請求項4】 アルミナ粒子が70m2/g未満の表面
積を有し、7重量%未満の範囲内でスラリー中に存在す
る請求項1記載の方法。 - 【請求項5】 アルミナ粒子が70m2/g〜170m2
/gの範囲の表面積を有し、12重量%未満の範囲内で
スラリー中に存在する請求項1記載の方法。 - 【請求項6】 アルミナが沈降アルミナ又はヒュームド
アルミナである請求項4又は5に記載の方法。 - 【請求項7】 アルミナ粒子が±10ミリボルトより大
きい最大ζ電位を有する請求項1記載の方法。 - 【請求項8】 スラリーは酸化性成分を更に含む、請求
項1記載の方法。 - 【請求項9】 スラリーは界面活性剤を更に含む、請求
項1記載の方法。 - 【請求項10】 金属層を研磨するための化学・機械研
磨スラリーにおいて、 水性媒質中に均一に分散した、40m2/g〜430m2
/gの範囲の表面積と、1.0μ未満の凝集体サイズ分
布と、0.4μ未満の平均凝集体直径と、粒子間のファ
ンデルワールス力に反発し、これを克服するために充分
な力とを有し、高純度アルミナ粒子を含み、コロイド的
に安定である、上記スラリー。 - 【請求項11】 アルミナ粒子が0.5重量%〜55重
量%の範囲内で存在する請求項10記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項12】 アルミナ粒子が70m2/g未満の表
面積を有し、7重量%未満の範囲内でスラリー中に存在
する請求項10記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項13】 アルミナ粒子が70m2/g〜170m
2/gの範囲の表面積を有し、12重量%未満の範囲内で
スラリー中に存在する、請求項10記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項14】 アルミナが沈降アルミナ又はヒューム
ドアルミナである、請求項12又は13に記載のスラリ
ー。 - 【請求項15】 アルミナ粒子が±10ミリボルトより
大きい最大ζ電位を有する請求項10記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項16】 界面活性剤を更に含む、請求項10記
載のスラリー。 - 【請求項17】 金属層を研磨するための化学・機械研
磨スラリーにおいて、 水性媒質中に均一に分散した、40m2/g〜430m2
/gの範囲の表面積と、1.0μ未満の凝集体サイズ分
布と、0.4μ未満の平均凝集体直径と、粒子と酸化性
成分との間のファンデルワールス力に反発し、これを克
服するために充分な力とを有する、高純度のアルミナ粒
子を含み、コロイド的に安定である、上記スラリー。 - 【請求項18】 アルミナ粒子が0.5重量%〜55重
量%の範囲内で存在する請求項17記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項19】 アルミナ粒子が70m2/g未満の表
面積を有し、7重量%未満の範囲内でスラリー中に存在
する請求項17記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項20】 アルミナ粒子が70m2/g〜170
m2/gの範囲の表面積を有し、12重量%未満の範囲
内でスラリー中に存在する請求項17記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項21】 アルミナが沈降アルミナ又はヒューム
ドアルミナである請求項19又は20に記載のスラリ
ー。 - 【請求項22】 アルミナ粒子が±10ミリボルトより
大きい最大ζ電位を有する請求項17記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項23】 酸化性成分が酸化性金属塩である、請
求項17記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項24】 酸化性成分が酸化性金属錯体である、
請求項17記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項25】 酸化性成分が鉄塩、アルミニウム塩、
ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、アンモニウム塩、第4級ア
ンモニウム塩、ホスホニウム塩、過酸化物、塩素酸塩、
過塩素酸塩、過マンガン酸塩、過硫酸塩及びこれらの混
合物から成る群から選択される請求項17記載のスラリ
ー。 - 【請求項26】 酸化性成分の分解を阻止し、スラリー
のコロイド安定性を維持するために充分な量の添加剤を
更に含む請求項17記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項27】 添加剤が界面活性剤である請求項26
記載のスラリー。 - 【請求項28】 アルミナ粒子は、γ相を少なくとも5
0%含むヒュームドアルミナであり、酸化性成分は硝酸
鉄である、請求項17記載のスラリー。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/319,213 US5527423A (en) | 1994-10-06 | 1994-10-06 | Chemical mechanical polishing slurry for metal layers |
US319213 | 1994-10-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH08197414A JPH08197414A (ja) | 1996-08-06 |
JP3377892B2 true JP3377892B2 (ja) | 2003-02-17 |
Family
ID=23241322
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP25887595A Expired - Lifetime JP3377892B2 (ja) | 1994-10-06 | 1995-10-05 | 金属層用化学・機械研磨スラリー |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5527423A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0708160B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3377892B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100362141B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1074035C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE220711T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU3549495A (ja) |
DE (2) | DE69527406T2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2159495T3 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1004666A1 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL115454A (ja) |
MY (1) | MY112735A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996011082A1 (ja) |
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- 1995-09-01 WO PCT/US1995/011424 patent/WO1996011082A1/en active Application Filing
- 1995-09-01 AU AU35494/95A patent/AU3549495A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-09-13 MY MYPI95002712A patent/MY112735A/en unknown
- 1995-09-28 IL IL11545495A patent/IL115454A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-10-03 EP EP95306994A patent/EP0708160B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-03 DE DE69527406T patent/DE69527406T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-03 ES ES95306994T patent/ES2159495T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-03 AT AT95306994T patent/ATE220711T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-10-03 DE DE0708160T patent/DE708160T1/de active Pending
- 1995-10-05 JP JP25887595A patent/JP3377892B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-06 KR KR1019950034358A patent/KR100362141B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-05-08 HK HK98103979A patent/HK1004666A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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ATE220711T1 (de) | 2002-08-15 |
CN1166805A (zh) | 1997-12-03 |
IL115454A0 (en) | 1995-12-31 |
DE69527406D1 (de) | 2002-08-22 |
CN1074035C (zh) | 2001-10-31 |
EP0708160A2 (en) | 1996-04-24 |
WO1996011082A1 (en) | 1996-04-18 |
ES2159495T1 (es) | 2001-10-16 |
KR100362141B1 (ko) | 2003-02-11 |
KR960013577A (ko) | 1996-05-22 |
EP0708160B1 (en) | 2002-07-17 |
ES2159495T3 (es) | 2003-03-16 |
US5527423A (en) | 1996-06-18 |
EP0708160A3 (en) | 1997-06-11 |
DE69527406T2 (de) | 2003-03-13 |
AU3549495A (en) | 1996-05-02 |
IL115454A (en) | 2000-02-17 |
HK1004666A1 (en) | 1998-12-04 |
MY112735A (en) | 2001-08-30 |
DE708160T1 (de) | 2001-10-11 |
JPH08197414A (ja) | 1996-08-06 |
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