JP2014504316A - 粒状物質、それらを含む複合材料、それらの調製および使用 - Google Patents
粒状物質、それらを含む複合材料、それらの調製および使用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2014504316A JP2014504316A JP2013542602A JP2013542602A JP2014504316A JP 2014504316 A JP2014504316 A JP 2014504316A JP 2013542602 A JP2013542602 A JP 2013542602A JP 2013542602 A JP2013542602 A JP 2013542602A JP 2014504316 A JP2014504316 A JP 2014504316A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- plasma
- processing method
- graphite
- particle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 carboxy, carbonyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011852 carbon nanoparticle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002064 nanoplatelet Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003334 potential effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- CEBDXRXVGUQZJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-benzofuran-7-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C2OC(C)=CC2=C1 CEBDXRXVGUQZJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZRGKCOWNLSUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iodochlorine Chemical compound ICl QZRGKCOWNLSUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CODNYICXDISAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine monochloride Chemical compound BrCl CODNYICXDISAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBEQRNSPHCCXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine monobromide Chemical compound IBr CBEQRNSPHCCXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001182 laser chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSGZKHJWRITPII-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoniumylideneazanide Chemical group O[N] JSGZKHJWRITPII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPNPIHIZVLFAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus tribromide Chemical compound BrP(Br)Br IPNPIHIZVLFAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZHNNJXWQYFUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus triiodide Chemical compound IP(I)I PZHNNJXWQYFUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005211 surface analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- MJNHIYILRDOOTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorophosphanium Chemical compound Cl[P+](Cl)(Cl)Cl MJNHIYILRDOOTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- FQFKTKUFHWNTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoro-$l^{3}-bromane Chemical compound FBr(F)F FQFKTKUFHWNTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOHWNGGYGAVMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluorochlorine Chemical compound FCl(F)F JOHWNGGYGAVMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/21—After-treatment
- C01B32/22—Intercalation
- C01B32/225—Expansion; Exfoliation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/168—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/168—After-treatment
- C01B32/174—Derivatisation; Solubilisation; Dispersion in solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
- H05H1/2431—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes using cylindrical electrodes, e.g. rotary drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0809—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes employing two or more electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0816—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes involving moving electrodes
- B01J2219/0818—Rotating electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0824—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes
- B01J2219/0826—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear
- B01J2219/083—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear cylindrical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0837—Details relating to the material of the electrodes
- B01J2219/0841—Metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0845—Details relating to the type of discharge
- B01J2219/0847—Glow discharge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0869—Feeding or evacuating the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
- B01J2219/0881—Two or more materials
- B01J2219/0886—Gas-solid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/84—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by UV- or VIS- data
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
カーボンナノチューブ(CNTs)の顕著な特性と潜在的な特性およびそれらを製造する方法は、長期間にわたって知られてきた。しかし、それらの工業的な使用は依然として極めて限定されていて、その理由の多くは加工と処理の問題にある。それらは様々なプロセスによって製造することができるが、主要なプロセスは、炭素を含有する電極からのアーク放電、およびレーザーアブレーションまたはCVDによる金属触媒粒子上への炭素の気相堆積である。これらの方法によって単層タイプと多層タイプのCNTs(SWCNTsおよびMWCNTs)を製造することができ、それらは当業者に良く知られている。
別に、グラフェンは炭素からなる単一層の六角形態のものとして知られていて、黒鉛構造の単一層のものに相当するが、しかし、隣接する層が存在しないために黒鉛の特性を上回る特性を有する。グラフェンの層は、濃縮した硫酸や硝酸のような酸化剤を利用した黒鉛からの入念な機械的「剥脱作用」または挿入(インターカレーション)によって、あるいは剥脱されたグラフェンの酸化物の還元によって、あるいは他の材料からなる基板上へのエピタキシャル成長によって、極めて大きなサイズにすることができる。しかし、これらの公知の方法は面倒で費用のかかるものである。
ここでの目的は、新規で有用な粒状物質、その粒状物質を含む複合材料、その複合材料を含む物品と装置、それらを調製するための方法およびそれらの用途を提供することである。
光起電力素子において、素子の層を導電性にするために、ITO(インジウムスズ酸化物)は、それらの層のポリマーマトリックス中に混合するのに工業上標準的な物質である。グラフェンまたは少ない層の黒鉛小板は本来、ポリマーマトリックス中に分散することができるならば、優れた面内導電性を提供するだろう。本発明の少ない層の黒鉛小板物質は実際に満足できる透明度も提供し、従って、それらをこの非常に重要な技術領域(例えば、ITOに代わるものとして)において用いることができることを、我々は見いだした。
これは同じ容器の中で行うことができる。
WO2010/142953号において、CNTsおよびその他の小さな粒子に化学的な活性を与え、そしてそれらを分散させる手段として、低圧(グロー)プラズマ処理の特定の方法が提案された。WO2010/142953号からの特定の一般的な方法と装置がここで適用可能であり、例えば以下に示す通りのものである。
前述したように、黒鉛粒子(例えば、触媒上への蒸着やアーク放電のような周知の「バルク(塊状)」方法によって製造される粒子)または(グラフェンのための)天然の黒鉛粒子あるいは黒鉛繊維から粒子(例えばCNT含有粒子)を離解させるのに、そしてグラフェンまたは数層の黒鉛シートを剥脱させるのに特に有効であることが見いだされた、下記のプロセスの態様を用いることが、強く推奨される。
図6と図7は、CNTsを含む粒子または黒鉛粒体を処理するのに適した、さらに進んだ処理ドラムを示す。これは、対電極として作用する金属製(例えば鋼またはアルミニウム)の円筒形のドラム壁2004を有する。これは、真空チャンバの中で回転させるために、例えば支持ローラー上に取り付けられる。
図24は処理ドラムの第三の態様をやや詳細に示している。これは容積が約60リットルの大型のドラムであり、内部のそらせ板または引上げ器が存在せず、従って、処理を行う間は接触体の床(溜り)(例えば鋼製のボール)が底部に存在するだろう。管状の中心電極が、前方の端部における黄銅製の焼結された栓(図示せず)を通してガスを供給するために用いられる。前方の壁は、(窓状の栓(図示せず)を有する)狭い開口を伴った円錐形に形成されていて、それにより処理後に生成物を出して空にするのが容易となる。後方の壁は、前述したものと同様に、フィルターとなっている。機械的駆動系、真空の流通系およびガス供給系の構成要素も、熟練した読者の理解を助けるために示されている。この装置の大きな容積を通してのガスの流れは比較的にゆっくりしていて、極めて微細な粒状生成物がフィルターを通して漏れ出る傾向がない、すなわち、生成物はガスの流れによって「運び出される」ことがない、ということを我々は見いだした。
実験作業において、我々は、実質的に図6と図7に示すような、また図24にも示すような鋼製の処理ドラムであって、内部の引上げ用そらせ板がないものを用いた。内部の容積が約12リットル、直径400mm、中心電極の直径が3mmであり、前方の壁に鋼製の中心電極と観察窓が存在する。接触体として、我々は通常の鋼製のボールベアリングを用いた(大きさ:10mm、重量:12グラム、数:約500)。重量が約100グラムの出発物質の各々の装填物(処理すべき凝集した炭素粒子または最初の炭素粒子)を鋼製のボールとともにドラムの中に入れ、そして蓋を閉じた。処理のために、ドラムの中の条件を、例えば次のようにした:
供給するガスの雰囲気: 酸素
ガスの流れの速度: 1000cm3/分
圧力: 50トル
ドラムの回転速度: 60rpm
印加される圧力(プラズマ):100ボルト
処理時間: 30分。
(1)CVDプロセスによって製造されたMWCNT物質(Bayerから);
(2)アーク放電プロセスによって製造された大きな黒鉛物質(Rosseter(キプロス)から);
(3)天然の黒鉛粉末。
供給されたままの(すなわち、製造されたままの)MWCNT物質は図8と図9のSEM画像において認められ、その粒子サイズ分布は図12(a)に示される。これらはサイズが1mm(1000μm)に近い大きくて密に凝集した粒体である。処理された物質は図10と図11のSEM画像において認められ、その粒子サイズ分布は図12(b)に示される。粒子サイズは1〜10μmの間の範囲まで劇的に低下したこと、すなわち、かなりの離解が生じ、また処理された物質は、SEM画像において視認されるように、かなりの割合の分離して遊離したCNTsを含むことが、容易に理解できる。
主として不規則な積層した黒鉛の塊りと小板からなり、少量の小さなフラーレンを含む出発物質(図13)を、上記したのと同じ処理に供した。処理された物質の一部は図14に認められる。小板のかなりの薄片化、多少のグラフェンの剥脱、およびサイズの低下が生じたことが、容易に理解できる。
出発物質は粉末化した天然黒鉛であった。図15は典型的な粒子を示していて、多層の黒鉛小板であり、これはグラフェンの特有の性質を示さないだろう。図16は処理後の物質を示す。かなりの剥脱が生じ、多数の単独のグラフェンの薄片が生じている。そこでわかるように、これらはそれらの縁部において官能化されうる。
主として不規則な積層した黒鉛の塊りと小板からなり、少量の小さなフラーレンを含む出発物質(図17)を、上記したのと同じ処理に供した。処理された物質の一部は図18に認められる。小板のかなりの薄片化、多少のグラフェンの剥脱、およびサイズの低下が生じたことが、容易に理解できる。
出発物質は粉末化した天然黒鉛であった。図19は典型的な粒子を示していて、多層の黒鉛小板であり、これはグラフェンの特有の性質を示さないだろう。図20は処理後の物質を示す。かなりの剥脱が生じ、多数の単独のグラフェンの薄片が生じている。そこでわかるように、これらはそれらの縁部において官能化されうる。
出発物質は中国産の粉末化した天然黒鉛であった。図21は処理された生成物の典型的な状態であり、完全に分離した小板を伴っている。測定された小板の中に57nmよりも厚いものはなかった。大部分は25nm未満の厚さのものであった。最も薄いものは2.7nmであった。
実施例6において得られた剥脱された黒鉛を水中での分散と超音波処理による分級に供したところ、最も細かい粒子だけがジャーの最上部に残った。これらを物理的に分離し、そして回収した。図23は、それらが非常に小さく、そして等しく非常に薄い小板であることを示していて、極めて価値の高い物質が簡単で経済的なプロセスによって得られた。
図25と図26は、処理されたカーボンナノチューブ(ベイチューブ(Baytubes:登録商標))についてのXPS(ESCA)表面分析を示す。この未処理のチューブは96%の炭素と4%の酸素を示した。
Claims (23)
- 粒子を離解させるための、解凝集させるための、剥脱させるための、清浄化するための、または官能性にするための粒子処理方法であって、処理するための粒子は、多数の導電性の固体接触体または固体接触構成物を含む処理チャンバまたはそれらで構成される処理チャンバの中でプラズマ処理に供され、粒子は処理チャンバの中で前記の接触体または接触構成物とともに攪拌され、そしてプラズマと接触する、前記粒子処理方法。
- 処理すべき粒子は炭素粒子である、請求項1に記載の粒子処理方法。
- 処理すべき粒子は黒鉛、カーボンナノチューブ(CNTs)またはその他のナノ粒子からなるか、あるいはそれらのナノ粒子を含む、請求項2に記載の粒子処理方法。
- 処理チャンバの中で移動することのできる前記の接触体を用いる、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の粒子処理方法。
- 処理チャンバはドラムであり、好ましくは回転可能なドラムであり、この中で複数の接触体が処理すべき粒子とともに混転される、請求項4に記載の粒子処理方法。
- 処理容器の壁は導電性であり、そして処理チャンバの内部空間の中に伸びる電極に対する対電極を形成する、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の粒子処理方法。
- 接触体または接触構成物の表面でグロープラズマが形成される、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の粒子処理方法。
- 接触体は金属のボールまたは金属を被覆したボールである、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の粒子処理方法。
- 接触体または接触構成物はある直径を有していて、その直径は少なくとも1mmで、60mm以下である、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の粒子処理方法。
- 処理容器の中の圧力は500Pa未満である、請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の粒子処理方法。
- 処理を行う間、処理チャンバにガスが供給され、そしてガスはフィルターを通して処理チャンバから取り出される、請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の粒子処理方法。
- 処理される物質、すなわち、処理によって生じる粒子または離解、解凝集または剥脱される粒子の成分は、プラズマ形成ガスの成分によって化学的に官能化され、例えば、それらの表面にカルボキシ、カルボニル、OH、アミン、アミドまたはハロゲンの官能性が形成される、請求項1から11のいずれかに記載の粒子処理方法。
- 処理チャンバの中のプラズマ形成ガスは、酸素、水、過酸化水素、アルコール、窒素、アンモニア、アミノ含有有機化合物、フッ素などのハロゲン、CF4などのハロゲン化炭化水素および希ガスのうちのいずれかであるか、あるいはこれらを含んでいる、請求項1から12のいずれかに記載の粒子処理方法。
- 粒子は黒鉛炭素(例えば、採掘された黒鉛)から成るか、あるいは黒鉛炭素を含み、これが処理によって剥脱され、そして処理を行った後、処理された物質は分離した黒鉛の小板またはグラフェンの小板を含むか、あるいはそのような小板から成っていて、それらの小板は100nm未満の小板厚さとその厚さに垂直な主寸法を有し、その主寸法は厚さの少なくとも10倍である、請求項1から13のいずれかに記載の粒子処理方法。
- 前記の処理は、少なくとも30分間、および/または、処理された炭素物質が、厚さが100nm未満で主寸法が厚さの少なくとも10倍、好ましくは厚さの少なくとも100倍の小板を少なくとも90重量%含むようになるまで、継続される、請求項14に記載の粒子処理方法。
- 前記の処理は、処理された炭素物質が、厚さが30nm未満、好ましくは厚さが20nm未満で主寸法が厚さの少なくとも10倍、好ましくは厚さの少なくとも100倍の小板を少なくとも80重量%、好ましくは少なくとも90重量%含むようになるまで、継続される、請求項15に記載の粒子処理方法。
- 粒子の分散体または複合材料を調製する方法であって、
(a)請求項1から15のいずれかに係る粒子処理方法によって粒子を処理すること、および
(b)処理された物質を液状ビヒクルまたはマトリックス材料の中に分散させること、
を含む前記方法。 - 粒子はポリマーであるマトリックス材料の中に分散され、マトリックス材料は例えばエポキシ樹脂、ポリオレフィン、ポリウレタン、ポリエステル、ポリアミドまたはポリ(メト)アクリル材料またはそれらのポリマー種の混合物またはコポリマー、またはそれらのポリマーの先駆物質(例えばオリゴマーまたはモノマー)である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 処理された物質はカーボンナノチューブを含んでいて、あるいは請求項14から16のいずれかにおいて定義される黒鉛の小板またはグラフェンの小板を含んでいて、それらの物質は前記のポリマーマトリックス材料の中に(好ましくは複合材料の10重量%未満で)分散され、それにより導電性の複合材料が形成される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から16のいずれかに係る方法によって得られた、または得ることのできる粒状炭素物質であって、分離した黒鉛の小板および/またはカーボンナノチューブを含む粒状炭素物質。
- 液状ビヒクルまたはマトリックス材料の中に分散された請求項20に係る粒状炭素物質を含む粒子の分散体または複合材料。
- 粒子はポリマーであるマトリックス材料の中に分散されていて、マトリックス材料は例えばエポキシ樹脂、ポリオレフィン、ポリウレタン、ポリエステル、ポリアミドまたはポリ(メト)アクリル材料またはそれらのポリマー種の混合物またはコポリマー、またはそれらのポリマーの先駆物質(例えばオリゴマーまたはモノマー)である、請求項21に記載の複合材料。
- 請求項22に係る複合材料あるいは請求項17から19のいずれかに係る方法によって得られた複合材料を含む(または、から成る)導電性の要素または導電性の層を含む物品または装置であって、例えば、光起電力装置、電界放出装置、水素貯蔵装置、電池または電池の電極である前記物品または装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1020836.1 | 2010-12-08 | ||
GBGB1020836.1A GB201020836D0 (en) | 2010-12-08 | 2010-12-08 | Particle processing and products thereof |
GB1117129.5 | 2011-10-03 | ||
GBGB1117129.5A GB201117129D0 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2011-10-03 | Particulate materials, composites, preparation and uses thereof |
PCT/GB2011/001707 WO2012076853A1 (en) | 2010-12-08 | 2011-12-08 | Particulate materials, composites comprising them, preparation and uses thereof |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2014504316A true JP2014504316A (ja) | 2014-02-20 |
JP2014504316A5 JP2014504316A5 (ja) | 2015-01-29 |
JP6124796B2 JP6124796B2 (ja) | 2017-05-10 |
Family
ID=45507706
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013542602A Active JP6124796B2 (ja) | 2010-12-08 | 2011-12-08 | 粒状物質、それらを含む複合材料、それらの調製および使用 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9764954B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2649136B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6124796B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN105148818B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2011340316B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112013014376B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2819999C (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2649136T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2560466T3 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2649136T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012076853A1 (ja) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016113364A (ja) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-06-23 | 国立大学法人東北大学 | 窒素含有炭素材料及びその製造方法 |
KR20160102791A (ko) * | 2015-02-23 | 2016-08-31 | 한국전기연구원 | 쿠에트-테일러 반응기를 이용한 은입자와 탄소나노소재 복합체 제조방법 |
JP2017012970A (ja) * | 2015-06-29 | 2017-01-19 | 株式会社電子技研 | プラズマ粉体処理装置およびプラズマ粉体処理方法 |
JP2017076603A (ja) * | 2015-10-16 | 2017-04-20 | 学校法人 中村産業学園 | プラズマ処理装置およびその方法 |
JP2017512741A (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2017-05-25 | ペルペトゥウス リサーチ アンド ディヴェロップメント リミテッドPerpetuus Research & Development Limited | 積層されたグラフェン層を含む粒子 |
KR20170084154A (ko) * | 2014-11-07 | 2017-07-19 | 알이씨 실리콘 인코포레이티드 | 실리콘 분말을 관리하기 위한 장치 및 방법 |
JP2019505699A (ja) * | 2016-01-26 | 2019-02-28 | ヘイデール・グラフェン・インダストリーズ・ピーエルシー | 加熱可能な衣服、そのような衣服用の布、および製作の方法 |
CN110877910A (zh) * | 2018-09-06 | 2020-03-13 | 天津大学 | 一种用作超级电容器电极的氟氮双掺杂活性炭的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (57)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9763287B2 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2017-09-12 | Michael R. Knox | Single mode microwave device for producing exfoliated graphite |
GB2497725A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-26 | Mahle Int Gmbh | A sliding bearing having a composite layer |
GB201214181D0 (en) | 2012-08-08 | 2012-09-19 | Innovative Carbon Ltd | Conductive polymeric materials and uses thereof |
EP3068727B1 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2020-01-15 | Perpetuus Research&Development Limited | Method and apparatus for treating carbon nanoparticles or graphite particles with plasma |
CN103687269A (zh) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-26 | 苏州市奥普斯等离子体科技有限公司 | 一种颗粒材料旋转等离子体处理装置 |
GB201405616D0 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-05-14 | Perpetuus Res & Dev Ltd | A composite material |
GB201405973D0 (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2014-05-14 | Haydale Graphene Ind Plc | Method of characterising surface chemistry |
CA2945142A1 (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2015-10-15 | Powder Treatment Technology LLC | Surface energy modified particles, method of making, and use thereof |
WO2016012367A1 (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2016-01-28 | Basf Se | Modification of carbon particles |
AU2015370928A1 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2017-07-20 | Haydale Graphene Industries Plc | Piezoresistive device |
EP3238825A4 (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2018-06-20 | South China University of Technology | Application method for cold field plasma discharge assisted high energy ball milled powder and device |
US10420199B2 (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2019-09-17 | Applied Quantum Energies, Llc | Methods and apparatuses for treating agricultural matter |
EP3358929B1 (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2021-02-24 | Applied Quantum Energies, LLC | Methods and apparatuses for treating agricultural matter |
US11168404B2 (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2021-11-09 | Global Graphene Group, Inc. | Electrochemical method of producing single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets |
US11247906B2 (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2022-02-15 | Global Graphene Group, Inc. | Electrochemical production of graphene sheets directly from graphite mineral |
DK3778471T3 (da) * | 2016-07-15 | 2022-05-23 | Oned Mat Inc | Fremstillingsfremgangsmåde til fremstilling af siliciumnanowirer på carbonbaserede pulvere til anvendelse i batterier |
US11312663B2 (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2022-04-26 | Blue Horizons Innovations, Llc | Nano particle agglomerate reduction to primary particle |
KR101914732B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-11-05 | 한국기초과학지원연구원 | 형광 탄소 나노입자 및 그 제조방법 |
GB2556879A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-06-13 | Mahle Engine Systems Uk Ltd | Sliding component, material and method |
US11634545B2 (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2023-04-25 | Adeka Corporation | Layered-substance-containing solution and method of manufacturing same |
CN107777674B (zh) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-11-29 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | 一种利用常压等离子体制备二维材料的方法 |
CN107715789B (zh) * | 2017-10-23 | 2023-10-03 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种制备聚合物颗粒的新方法及装置 |
KR20200088405A (ko) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-07-22 | 2디 플루이딕스 피티와이 엘티디 | 박막 화학 처리용 디바이스 및 방법 |
WO2019140264A1 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-18 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Electron conducting carbon-based cement, method of making it and supercapacitator |
DE102018103949A1 (de) * | 2018-02-21 | 2019-08-22 | Christof-Herbert Diener | Niederdruckplasmakammer, Niederdruckplasmaanlage und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Niederdruckplasmakammer |
DE102018108588A1 (de) * | 2018-04-11 | 2019-10-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Barriereschichten sowie Zusammensetzungen für deren Herstellung |
CN109302790A (zh) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-02-01 | 苏州海唐智能装备有限公司 | 一种新型等离子体粉体改性装置 |
US20220332656A1 (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2022-10-20 | Blue Horizons Innovations,LLC | Nano particle agglomerate reduction to primary particle |
US11901133B2 (en) | 2019-03-20 | 2024-02-13 | Blue Horizons Innovations, Llc | Dense energy storage element with multilayer electrodes |
CN110010441A (zh) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-12 | 苏州科技大学 | 一种粉体处理设备及使用方法 |
US11545343B2 (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2023-01-03 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Rotary plasma reactor |
US11648729B2 (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2023-05-16 | The Boeing Company | Additive manufacturing powder particle, method for treating the additive manufacturing powder particle, and method for additive manufacturing |
WO2021026888A1 (zh) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-02-18 | 常州机电职业技术学院 | 石墨烯表面等离子体改性处理装置及处理方法 |
US11812540B1 (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2023-11-07 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama, For And On Behalf Of The University Of Alabama In Huntsville | Continuous large area cold atmospheric pressure plasma sheet source |
CN110808317B (zh) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-08-25 | 东北石油大学 | 基于法拉第电磁感应定律的传光方向可调的全光二极管 |
GB2588960A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-05-19 | Tor Corp Ltd | Reinforced biodegradable polymer nanocomposite and method of manufacture thereof |
KR102377106B1 (ko) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-03-21 | 한국세라믹기술원 | 흑연 표면 개질 방법, 흑연 표면 개질 장치, 및 흑연 복합체의 제조 방법. |
CN111039276B (zh) * | 2019-12-27 | 2023-01-24 | 吉林聚能新型炭材料股份有限公司 | 一种采用石墨电弧法的硬炭纳米材料生产设备 |
GB202012895D0 (en) | 2020-08-18 | 2020-09-30 | Univ Durham | Composition |
GB2598936B (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2023-10-18 | Haydale Graphene Ind Plc | Method and apparatus for plasma processing |
GB2598934B (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2023-10-18 | Haydale Graphene Ind Plc | Method and apparatus for plasma processing |
EP4213982A1 (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2023-07-26 | Haydale Graphene Industries plc | Methods and apparatus for delivering feedstocks for plasma treatment |
GB2600786A (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2022-05-11 | Haydale Tech Thailand Company Limited | Primer composition |
CN112591739A (zh) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-02 | 衢州晶洲科技发展有限公司 | 一种石墨烯的制备方法 |
CN112702827B (zh) * | 2020-12-30 | 2023-02-28 | 苏州睿祥宝材料科技有限公司 | 一种常压滚筒式粉体改性装置 |
CN112724710A (zh) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-04-30 | 贵州玖碳科技有限公司 | 等离子石墨烯粉体表面改性工艺 |
WO2022214423A1 (en) | 2021-04-05 | 2022-10-13 | HAYDALE TECHNOLOGIES (Thailand) Company Limited | Maternity bra |
GB2606202A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-02 | Haydale Tech Thailand Company Limited | Face mask |
CN113402750A (zh) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-17 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | 一种具有三维网络结构的石墨烯预浸料的制备方法 |
GB2609421A (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2023-02-08 | Airbus Operations Ltd | Laminate structure |
EP4136974A1 (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2023-02-22 | Fixed Phage Limited | Plasma treatment process and apparatus therefor |
GB2610394A (en) | 2021-09-01 | 2023-03-08 | Haydale Graphene Ind Plc | Shoe sole |
GB2612057A (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2023-04-26 | Haydale Graphene Ind Plc | Heatable garment, fabrics for such garments, and methods of manufacture |
GB2613548A (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2023-06-14 | Haydale Graphene Ind Plc | Rfid |
CN114289711B (zh) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-05-02 | 广东工业大学 | 一种石墨烯包覆金属材料的制备方法及其制备*** |
CN115000381B (zh) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-01-30 | 重庆信合启越科技有限公司 | 一种工业化大批量生产硅复合直立式石墨烯的方法 |
GB202213894D0 (en) | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-09 | Haydale Graphene Ind Plc | Composition |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS57177342A (en) * | 1981-04-23 | 1982-11-01 | Toshiba Corp | Plasma treating apparatus of powder |
JPS63107743A (ja) * | 1986-06-20 | 1988-05-12 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | 粉体処理方法および装置 |
JPH06365A (ja) * | 1992-06-22 | 1994-01-11 | Ii C Kagaku Kk | 粉体のプラズマ処理方法 |
JPH07194968A (ja) * | 1994-01-10 | 1995-08-01 | Tomoegawa Paper Co Ltd | 粉体表面の改質方法 |
JPH1015380A (ja) * | 1996-07-03 | 1998-01-20 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | プラズマ式流動層炉 |
JP2003300715A (ja) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-10-21 | Toray Ind Inc | 多層カーボンナノチューブ、分散液、溶液および組成物、これらの製造方法、ならびに粉末状カーボンナノチューブ |
JP2003300716A (ja) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-10-21 | Toray Ind Inc | 炭素質材料の処理方法、カーボンナノチューブ分散液、溶液を得る方法。 |
WO2009014193A1 (ja) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-29 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | 粉体処理装置 |
US20120145041A1 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2012-06-14 | Innovative Carbon Limited | Methods and apparatus for particle processing |
Family Cites Families (68)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5234723A (en) | 1990-10-05 | 1993-08-10 | Polar Materials Inc. | Continous plasma activated species treatment process for particulate |
US5414324A (en) | 1993-05-28 | 1995-05-09 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation | One atmosphere, uniform glow discharge plasma |
BR9707477A (pt) | 1996-02-06 | 1999-04-06 | Du Pont | Método para tratar a superfície de materiais particulados método para preparar uma composição colorida composição colorida aperfeiçoamento em aparelho para tratamento subatmosférico de superfícies de partícula e módulo para dispersar partículas |
DE19612270C1 (de) | 1996-03-28 | 1997-09-18 | Schnabel Rainer Prof Dr Ing Ha | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Polymerpulvern in einemNiederdruckplasma |
ATE380895T1 (de) | 1996-09-17 | 2007-12-15 | Hyperion Catalysis Int | Plasma-behandelte kohlenstoffibrillen und herstellungsverfahren |
US6147452A (en) | 1997-03-18 | 2000-11-14 | The Trustees Of The Stevens Institute Of Technology | AC glow plasma discharge device having an electrode covered with apertured dielectric |
US6383301B1 (en) | 1998-08-04 | 2002-05-07 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Treatment of deagglomerated particles with plasma-activated species |
US20020054995A1 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2002-05-09 | Marian Mazurkiewicz | Graphite platelet nanostructures |
US6413487B1 (en) | 2000-06-02 | 2002-07-02 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Method and apparatus for producing carbon nanotubes |
US6428861B2 (en) | 2000-06-13 | 2002-08-06 | Procter & Gamble Company | Apparatus and process for plasma treatment of particulate matter |
JP3625197B2 (ja) | 2001-01-18 | 2005-03-02 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | プラズマ装置およびプラズマ生成方法 |
JP4209612B2 (ja) | 2001-12-19 | 2009-01-14 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | プラズマ処理装置 |
JP4420611B2 (ja) | 2003-03-03 | 2010-02-24 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 酸化チタン粉体表面改質方法 |
JP2008069015A (ja) | 2003-04-04 | 2008-03-27 | Canon Inc | 薄片炭素粒子及びその製造方法 |
JP2004323593A (ja) | 2003-04-22 | 2004-11-18 | Toyota Industries Corp | フッ素樹脂粉体の改質方法及びフッ素樹脂粉体 |
EP1623064B1 (en) | 2003-05-05 | 2012-04-11 | Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation | Plasma treatment apparatus and method |
JP2005135736A (ja) | 2003-10-30 | 2005-05-26 | Nippon Spindle Mfg Co Ltd | 粉粒体用プラズマ処理装置 |
US20080299205A1 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2008-12-04 | Mayer Lawrence D | Particulate Constructs For Release of Active Agents |
CN1304631C (zh) | 2004-08-18 | 2007-03-14 | 吉林大学 | 直流辉光等离子体化学气相沉积方法制备碳纳米管的工艺 |
WO2006040398A1 (en) | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-20 | Amroy Europe Oy | Novel hybride materials and related methods and devices |
US20080095705A1 (en) | 2004-11-09 | 2008-04-24 | Virtanen Jorma A | Methods and Devices for Facile Fabrication of Nanoparticles and Their Applications |
DE102004054959A1 (de) | 2004-11-13 | 2006-05-18 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Katalysator zur Herstellung von Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen durch Zersetzung von gas-förmigen Kohlenverbindungen an einem heterogenen Katalysator |
FR2884113B1 (fr) | 2005-04-06 | 2007-05-25 | Air Liquide | Procede par lequel on modifie les qualites hygieniques, physico-chimiques et sensorielles d'un fromage par controle du potentiel redox |
CN2780327Y (zh) * | 2005-04-07 | 2006-05-17 | 华南理工大学 | 一种电晕放电等离子体辅助高能球磨机 |
WO2007136389A2 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2007-11-29 | Directa Plus Patent & Technology Limited | Process for the use of metal carbonyls for the production of nano-scale metal particles |
WO2007021769A2 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2007-02-22 | Directa Plus Patent & Technology Limited | Process and apparatus for the production of engineered catalyst materials |
BRPI0614681A2 (pt) | 2005-08-10 | 2011-04-12 | Directa Plus Patent & Technology Ltd | processo e aparelho para produção de materiais de suporte revestidos de catalisador |
US20090289396A1 (en) | 2005-09-02 | 2009-11-26 | Ian Walters | Processing of particulate materials, recycling methods, especially for rubber |
US7658901B2 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2010-02-09 | The Trustees Of Princeton University | Thermally exfoliated graphite oxide |
US7754184B2 (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2010-07-13 | Directa Plus Srl | Production of nano-structures |
DE102006038934A1 (de) | 2006-08-18 | 2008-02-21 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Herstellung von α-Hydroxyketonen über Carbenkatalysierte Umpolungsreaktion von Aldehyden |
US7892514B2 (en) * | 2007-02-22 | 2011-02-22 | Nanotek Instruments, Inc. | Method of producing nano-scaled graphene and inorganic platelets and their nanocomposites |
US8828481B2 (en) | 2007-04-23 | 2014-09-09 | Applied Sciences, Inc. | Method of depositing silicon on carbon materials and forming an anode for use in lithium ion batteries |
DE102007029008A1 (de) | 2007-06-23 | 2008-12-24 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines leitfähigen Polymerverbundwerkstoffs |
US7824741B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2010-11-02 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method of forming a carbon-containing material |
US7993780B2 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2011-08-09 | Nanotek Instruments, Inc. | Process for producing carbon anode compositions for lithium ion batteries |
WO2009073246A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 | 2009-06-11 | Universal Display Corporation | Method for the synthesis of iridium (iii) complexes with sterically demanding ligands |
WO2009085015A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-09 | National University Of Singapore | Functionalised graphene oxide |
CN102318450B (zh) | 2008-02-05 | 2016-10-19 | 普林斯顿大学理事会 | 印刷电子设备 |
CN105670394A (zh) | 2008-02-05 | 2016-06-15 | 普林斯顿大学理事会 | 包含官能化的石墨烯片的涂料以及用其涂覆的物品 |
CN102015529B (zh) * | 2008-02-28 | 2014-04-30 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 纳米石墨片和组合物 |
WO2009127901A1 (en) | 2008-04-14 | 2009-10-22 | High Power Lithium S.A. | Lithium metal phosphate/carbon nanocomposites as cathode active materials for secondary lithium batteries |
WO2009158117A2 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-30 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Chemical modulation of electronic and magnetic properties of graphene |
WO2009153051A1 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2009-12-23 | MAX-PLANCK-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. | Use of a superfine expanded graphite and preparation thereof |
JP2011525557A (ja) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-09-22 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 顔料混合物 |
US8257867B2 (en) | 2008-07-28 | 2012-09-04 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Nanocomposite of graphene and metal oxide materials |
GB0820342D0 (en) | 2008-11-06 | 2008-12-17 | Haydale Ltd | Processing of waste materials |
US8487296B2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2013-07-16 | New Jersey Institute Of Technology | Graphene deposition and graphenated substrates |
WO2010065518A1 (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-10 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Methods for graphene-assisted fabrication of micro- and nanoscale structures and devices featuring the same |
US9093693B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2015-07-28 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Process for producing nano graphene reinforced composite particles for lithium battery electrodes |
FI122511B (fi) | 2009-02-26 | 2012-02-29 | Valtion Teknillinen | Grafeenia sisältävät hiutaleet ja menetelmä grafeenin eksfoliaatiota varten |
KR101074027B1 (ko) | 2009-03-03 | 2011-10-17 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 그래펜 복합 나노섬유 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR101659537B1 (ko) | 2009-04-03 | 2016-09-23 | 보르벡크 머터리얼스 코포레이션 | 그라핀 시트 및 흑연을 함유하는 중합체 조성물 |
EP3865454A3 (en) | 2009-05-26 | 2021-11-24 | Belenos Clean Power Holding AG | Stable dispersions of single and multiple graphene layers in solution |
CN101717083A (zh) | 2009-12-29 | 2010-06-02 | 北京大学 | 一种石墨烯及其制备方法 |
CN101800302A (zh) | 2010-04-15 | 2010-08-11 | 上海交通大学 | 锂离子电池石墨烯纳米片-氧化亚钴复合负极材料及其制备方法 |
CN101867046A (zh) | 2010-04-15 | 2010-10-20 | 上海交通大学 | 锂离子电池石墨烯纳米片-氢氧化钴复合负极材料及其制备方法 |
US9309124B2 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2016-04-12 | National University Of Singapore | Methods of forming graphene by graphite exfoliation |
CN102054869B (zh) | 2010-09-17 | 2012-12-19 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 一种石墨烯器件及其制造方法 |
KR101788285B1 (ko) | 2010-10-22 | 2017-10-20 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 발광 표시 장치 |
KR101060463B1 (ko) | 2010-10-22 | 2011-08-29 | 인제대학교 산학협력단 | 그래핀을 전기영동법으로 증착시켜 제조하는 상대전극의 제조방법, 그 방법에 의하여 제조된 상대전극 및 이를 포함하는 염료감응형 태양전지 |
JP5664119B2 (ja) | 2010-10-25 | 2015-02-04 | ソニー株式会社 | 透明導電膜、透明導電膜の製造方法、光電変換装置および電子機器 |
US20120105046A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-03 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Current mirror using ambipolar devices |
KR20120044541A (ko) | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-08 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 도전성 접착 필름, 상기 필름을 구비한 태양전지 패널 및 상기 패널의 제조 방법 |
KR20120044545A (ko) | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-08 | 삼성엘이디 주식회사 | 반도체 발광 소자 |
US20140014495A1 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2014-01-16 | High Temperature Physics, Llc | System and Process for Functionalizing Graphene |
US8167190B1 (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2012-05-01 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Electrically conductive polymer compositions containing metal particles and a graphene and methods for production and use thereof |
EP2562766A1 (de) | 2011-08-22 | 2013-02-27 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Kohlenstoffnanoröhren und Graphenplättchen umfassende Dispersionen |
-
2011
- 2011-12-08 PL PL11810859T patent/PL2649136T3/pl unknown
- 2011-12-08 EP EP11810859.6A patent/EP2649136B1/en active Active
- 2011-12-08 US US13/992,201 patent/US9764954B2/en active Active
- 2011-12-08 ES ES11810859.6T patent/ES2560466T3/es active Active
- 2011-12-08 WO PCT/GB2011/001707 patent/WO2012076853A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-12-08 CN CN201510509686.1A patent/CN105148818B/zh active Active
- 2011-12-08 AU AU2011340316A patent/AU2011340316B2/en active Active
- 2011-12-08 CN CN201180067150.9A patent/CN103476878B/zh active Active
- 2011-12-08 BR BR112013014376-2A patent/BR112013014376B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2011-12-08 EP EP15191861.2A patent/EP3000849B1/en active Active
- 2011-12-08 CA CA2819999A patent/CA2819999C/en active Active
- 2011-12-08 JP JP2013542602A patent/JP6124796B2/ja active Active
- 2011-12-08 DK DK11810859.6T patent/DK2649136T3/da active
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS57177342A (en) * | 1981-04-23 | 1982-11-01 | Toshiba Corp | Plasma treating apparatus of powder |
JPS63107743A (ja) * | 1986-06-20 | 1988-05-12 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | 粉体処理方法および装置 |
JPH06365A (ja) * | 1992-06-22 | 1994-01-11 | Ii C Kagaku Kk | 粉体のプラズマ処理方法 |
JPH07194968A (ja) * | 1994-01-10 | 1995-08-01 | Tomoegawa Paper Co Ltd | 粉体表面の改質方法 |
JPH1015380A (ja) * | 1996-07-03 | 1998-01-20 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | プラズマ式流動層炉 |
JP2003300715A (ja) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-10-21 | Toray Ind Inc | 多層カーボンナノチューブ、分散液、溶液および組成物、これらの製造方法、ならびに粉末状カーボンナノチューブ |
JP2003300716A (ja) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-10-21 | Toray Ind Inc | 炭素質材料の処理方法、カーボンナノチューブ分散液、溶液を得る方法。 |
WO2009014193A1 (ja) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-29 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | 粉体処理装置 |
JP2009022895A (ja) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-02-05 | Toyota Motor Corp | 粉体処理装置 |
CN101687171A (zh) * | 2007-07-20 | 2010-03-31 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 粉体处理装置 |
US20100180820A1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2010-07-22 | Hirokazu Ishimaru | Apparatus for treating powder |
US20120145041A1 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2012-06-14 | Innovative Carbon Limited | Methods and apparatus for particle processing |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2017512741A (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2017-05-25 | ペルペトゥウス リサーチ アンド ディヴェロップメント リミテッドPerpetuus Research & Development Limited | 積層されたグラフェン層を含む粒子 |
KR20170084154A (ko) * | 2014-11-07 | 2017-07-19 | 알이씨 실리콘 인코포레이티드 | 실리콘 분말을 관리하기 위한 장치 및 방법 |
KR102354436B1 (ko) * | 2014-11-07 | 2022-01-21 | 알이씨 실리콘 인코포레이티드 | 실리콘 분말을 관리하기 위한 장치 및 방법 |
JP2016113364A (ja) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-06-23 | 国立大学法人東北大学 | 窒素含有炭素材料及びその製造方法 |
KR20160102791A (ko) * | 2015-02-23 | 2016-08-31 | 한국전기연구원 | 쿠에트-테일러 반응기를 이용한 은입자와 탄소나노소재 복합체 제조방법 |
KR102310352B1 (ko) | 2015-02-23 | 2021-10-08 | 한국전기연구원 | 쿠에트-테일러 반응기를 이용한 은입자와 탄소나노소재 복합체 제조방법 |
JP2017012970A (ja) * | 2015-06-29 | 2017-01-19 | 株式会社電子技研 | プラズマ粉体処理装置およびプラズマ粉体処理方法 |
JP2017076603A (ja) * | 2015-10-16 | 2017-04-20 | 学校法人 中村産業学園 | プラズマ処理装置およびその方法 |
JP2019505699A (ja) * | 2016-01-26 | 2019-02-28 | ヘイデール・グラフェン・インダストリーズ・ピーエルシー | 加熱可能な衣服、そのような衣服用の布、および製作の方法 |
US11918061B2 (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2024-03-05 | Haydale Graphene Industries Plc | Heatable garment, fabrics for such garments, and methods of manufacture |
CN110877910A (zh) * | 2018-09-06 | 2020-03-13 | 天津大学 | 一种用作超级电容器电极的氟氮双掺杂活性炭的制备方法 |
CN110877910B (zh) * | 2018-09-06 | 2022-04-05 | 天津大学 | 一种用作超级电容器电极的氟氮双掺杂活性炭的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP6124796B2 (ja) | 2017-05-10 |
BR112013014376B1 (pt) | 2020-12-15 |
CN103476878B (zh) | 2015-09-16 |
US20130320274A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
EP3000849B1 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
EP3000849A1 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
ES2560466T3 (es) | 2016-02-19 |
BR112013014376A2 (pt) | 2016-09-27 |
WO2012076853A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
PL2649136T3 (pl) | 2016-04-29 |
EP2649136B1 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
AU2011340316A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
AU2011340316B2 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
US9764954B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 |
CN103476878A (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
CN105148818B (zh) | 2018-02-06 |
DK2649136T3 (da) | 2016-02-08 |
CA2819999C (en) | 2018-09-04 |
EP2649136A1 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
CA2819999A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
CN105148818A (zh) | 2015-12-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6124796B2 (ja) | 粒状物質、それらを含む複合材料、それらの調製および使用 | |
Tkalya et al. | Latex-based concept for the preparation of graphene-based polymer nanocomposites | |
US20180127274A1 (en) | Treating Particles | |
EP2905096B1 (en) | Method of making surface energy modified particles and apparatus therefor | |
TW201841828A (zh) | 具有碳同素異形體之無晶種粒子 | |
CA2977295A1 (en) | Nanoparticle surface-modified carbonaceous material and methods for producing such material | |
KR20120123108A (ko) | 디번들링된 나노튜브들의 분산 및 회수 | |
JP2014504316A5 (ja) | ||
US10971281B2 (en) | Conducting polymer composite containing ultra-low loading of graphene | |
Burk et al. | Mechanochemical routes to functionalized graphene nanofillers tuned for lightweight carbon/hydrocarbon composites | |
Saman et al. | Application of cold plasma in nanofillers surface modification for enhancement of insulation characteristics of polymer nanocomposites: a review | |
AU2015238859B2 (en) | Particulate materials, composites comprising them, preparation and uses thereof | |
Zhang et al. | High-conductivity graphene nanocomposite via facile, covalent linkage of gold nanoparticles to graphene oxide | |
Wang et al. | Preparation of short and water-dispersible carbon nanotubes by solid-state cutting | |
Adamska et al. | Purification of Carbon Nanotubes—A Review of Methodology | |
Texter | 20 Visible Optical Extinction and Dispersion of Graphene in Water | |
Rosillo-Lopez | Preparation, chemistry and applications of novel carbon nanomaterials | |
Rezvani-Moghaddam et al. | Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures | |
Awasthi et al. | Surface Grafting of Carbon Nanostructures | |
Gaquere-Parker et al. | Application of Ultrasounds to Carbon Nanotubes | |
Mohammad et al. | Optimization of Cuprous Oxide Nanocrystals Deposition on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes | |
Kim et al. | Preparation and Characterization of Gold-Decorated Graphite Nanosheet Composites | |
BUNTAT | Application of Cold Plasma in Nanofillers Surface Modification for Enhancement of Insulation Characteristics of Polymer Nanocomposites: A Review |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20141202 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20141202 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20150910 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20150925 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20151216 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20151218 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20160224 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20160325 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20160902 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170104 |
|
A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20170215 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20170314 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20170404 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6124796 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |