JP2007154764A - 内燃機関 - Google Patents
内燃機関 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2007154764A JP2007154764A JP2005351093A JP2005351093A JP2007154764A JP 2007154764 A JP2007154764 A JP 2007154764A JP 2005351093 A JP2005351093 A JP 2005351093A JP 2005351093 A JP2005351093 A JP 2005351093A JP 2007154764 A JP2007154764 A JP 2007154764A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
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- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
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- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
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- F01N3/0885—Regeneration of deteriorated absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. desulfurization of NOx traps
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
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- F01N2560/027—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting SOx
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Abstract
【解決手段】機関排気通路内にSOxトラップ触媒11、NOx吸蔵還元触媒を担持したパティキュレートフィルタ13およびNOx吸蔵還元触媒15からなる後処理装置と、これら後処理装置に後処理用燃料を供給するための燃料供給弁17とを配置する。いずれかの触媒の劣化度合が予め定められた劣化度合を越えたときには劣化度合の最も低い触媒に排気ガスの浄化作用を担わせるために、劣化度合の最も低い触媒に対し排気ガスの浄化に必要な後処理用燃料を供給しうるように後処理用燃料の供給方法を再設定する。
【選択図】図1
Description
図1を参照すると、1は機関本体、2は各気筒の燃焼室、3は各燃焼室2内に夫々燃料を噴射するための電子制御式燃料噴射弁、4は吸気マニホルド、5は排気マニホルドを夫々示す。吸気マニホルド4は吸気ダクト6を介して排気ターボチャージャ7のコンプレッサ7aの出口に連結され、コンプレッサ7aの入口はエアクリーナ8に連結される。吸気ダクト6内にはステップモータにより駆動されるスロットル弁9が配置され、更に吸気ダクト6周りには吸気ダクト6内を流れる吸入空気を冷却するための冷却装置10が配置される。図1に示される実施例では機関冷却水が冷却装置10内に導かれ、機関冷却水によって吸入空気が冷却される。
本発明による実施例では時間が経過するにつれてSOxがSOxトラップ触媒11およびNOx吸収剤47に徐々に蓄積され、この場合、上流側の触媒から順にSOx被毒、即ち触媒劣化が生じる。図1に示す例では各センサ18,19,20としてSOxセンサが使用されており、各触媒が劣化したか否かはこのSOxセンサ18,19,20の出力信号により検出される。即ち、SOxセンサ18により検出されたSOx濃度が予め定められた濃度を越えたときにはSOxトラップ触媒11が劣化したと判断され、SOxセンサ19により検出されたSOx濃度が予め定められた濃度を越えたときにはパティキュレートフィルタ13上のNOx吸蔵還元触媒が劣化したと判断され、SOxセンサ20により検出されたSOx濃度が予め定められた濃度を越えたときにはNOx吸蔵還元触媒15が劣化したと判断される。
図10を参照するとまず初めにステップ100において下流側NOx吸蔵還元触媒15が劣化したか否かが判別される。下流側NOx吸蔵還元触媒15が劣化していないときにはステップ101に進んで図5に示すマップから単位時間当り吸蔵されるNOx量NOXAが算出される。次いでステップ102ではこのNOXAがNOx吸収剤47に吸収されているNOx量ΣNOXに加算される。
5 排気マニホルド
7 排気ターボチャージャ
11 SOxトラップ触媒
13 パティキュレートフィルタ
15 NOx吸蔵還元触媒
17 燃料供給弁
Claims (6)
- 機関排気通路内に排気ガスの後処理装置を配置し、後処理装置において排気ガス中の有害成分を処理するための後処理用燃料が供給され、該後処理用燃料の供給方法が予め設定されている内燃機関において、後処理装置が排気通路内において直列に配置された複数の排気浄化用触媒を有しており、いずれかの触媒の劣化度合が予め定められた劣化度合を越えたときには劣化度合の最も低い触媒に排気ガスの浄化作用を担わせるために、劣化度合の最も低い触媒に対し排気ガスの浄化に必要な後処理用燃料を供給しうるように後処理用燃料の供給方法を再設定するようにした内燃機関。
- 機関排気通路内に直列に配置された複数の触媒が、流入する排気ガスの空燃比がリーンのときには排気ガス中に含まれるNOxを吸蔵し流入する排気ガスの空燃比が理論空燃比又はリッチになると吸蔵したNOxを放出するNOx吸蔵還元触媒からなり、該NOx吸蔵還元触媒からNOxを放出すべくNOx吸蔵還元触媒に流入する排気ガスの空燃比をリッチにするときには燃焼室内又は最も上流側に位置するNOx吸蔵還元触媒上流の排気通路内に後処理用燃料が供給され、このとき劣化度合の最も低い触媒が下流に位置するほど排気ガスの空燃比のリッチの度合が高められる請求項1に記載の内燃機関。
- 排気ガスの空燃比のリッチの度合を高めたときには空燃比のリッチ時間を短かくするようにした請求項2に記載の内燃機関。
- 排気ガスの空燃比のリッチの度合を高めたときには空燃比がリッチにされる間隔を長くするようにした請求項2に記載の内燃機関。
- 全てのNOx吸蔵還元触媒の劣化度合が予め定められた劣化度合を越えてNOx吸蔵還元触媒が選択還元触媒の機能しか有さなくなったときには排気ガスの空燃比をリーンの範囲内に維持した状態で後処理用燃料を燃焼室内又は最も上流側に位置するNOx吸蔵還元触媒上流の排気通路内に供給するようにした請求項2に記載の内燃機関。
- 最も上流側に位置するNOx吸蔵還元触媒上流の排気通路内に排気ガス中のSOxを捕獲しうるSOxトラップ触媒を配置した請求項2に記載の内燃機関。
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WO2013035155A1 (ja) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JPWO2013035155A1 (ja) * | 2011-09-06 | 2015-03-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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KR20070095379A (ko) | 2007-09-28 |
CN100547233C (zh) | 2009-10-07 |
KR100878747B1 (ko) | 2009-01-14 |
US20080223020A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
US8015800B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 |
CN101155977A (zh) | 2008-04-02 |
EP1843016A4 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
JP4270201B2 (ja) | 2009-05-27 |
WO2007066743A1 (ja) | 2007-06-14 |
EP1843016B1 (en) | 2011-04-13 |
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