ES2304008T3 - Tapa con orificio de extraccion para el cierre de recipientes. - Google Patents

Tapa con orificio de extraccion para el cierre de recipientes. Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2304008T3
ES2304008T3 ES05714193T ES05714193T ES2304008T3 ES 2304008 T3 ES2304008 T3 ES 2304008T3 ES 05714193 T ES05714193 T ES 05714193T ES 05714193 T ES05714193 T ES 05714193T ES 2304008 T3 ES2304008 T3 ES 2304008T3
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ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
container
layer
adhesion
plastic
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
ES05714193T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Adolf Schedl
Andreas Niederer
Lambert Nekula
Martin Kornfeld
Robert Kitzberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Teich AG
Original Assignee
Teich AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teich AG filed Critical Teich AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2304008T3 publication Critical patent/ES2304008T3/es
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/06Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/76Making non-permanent or releasable joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2422Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical
    • B29C66/24221Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical being circular
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83415Roller, cylinder or drum types the contact angle between said rollers, cylinders or drums and said parts to be joined being a non-zero angle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8351Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8351Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
    • B29C66/83511Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders or drums
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0036Heat treatment
    • B32B38/004Heat treatment by physically contacting the layers, e.g. by the use of heated platens or rollers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D77/00Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
    • B65D77/10Container closures formed after filling
    • B65D77/20Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers
    • B65D77/2024Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers the cover being welded or adhered to the container
    • B65D77/2028Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab
    • B65D77/2032Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container
    • B65D77/2044Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container whereby a layer of the container or cover fails, e.g. cohesive failure
    • B65D77/2048Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container whereby a layer of the container or cover fails, e.g. cohesive failure whereby part of the container or cover has been weakened, e.g. perforated or precut
    • B65D77/2056Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container whereby a layer of the container or cover fails, e.g. cohesive failure whereby part of the container or cover has been weakened, e.g. perforated or precut the cover being weakened
    • B65D77/206Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container whereby a layer of the container or cover fails, e.g. cohesive failure whereby part of the container or cover has been weakened, e.g. perforated or precut the cover being weakened so as to uncover one or more preformed openings made through some layers of the cover
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/0009Cutting out
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
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Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

Procedimiento para la fabricación de una tapa (1) con elemento auxiliar (18) de apertura para el cierre de recipientes (17) sobre la base de un material compuesto de al menos dos capas a partir de capas compuestas de estructura continua, en el que la capa compuesta (2) dirigida hacia el recipiente se sella en el borde (17'') del recipiente, de modo que al separarse las capas compuestas (2, 3) se forma un orificio (19) para extraer el producto envasado en el recipiente, y en el que la capa compuesta (2) está hecha principalmente de un plástico, cuya resistencia interior a la rotura en la zona del orificio (4, 19) de extracción, sin que estén previstas líneas de debilitamiento para el orificio de extracción, es menor que su adherencia respecto a la capa compuesta (3) contraria al recipiente en la zona restante de la tapa y cuya adherencia respecto al borde (17'') del recipiente, al menos en la zona del elemento auxiliar (18) de apertura, es mayor que la adherencia respecto a la capa compuesta (3), caracterizado porque las capas compuestas (2, 3) se someten a una presión elevada y a una temperatura elevada en una zona (4), correspondiente al orificio de extracción, por medio de herramientas de sellado, de modo que en esta zona (4) aumenta la adherencia entre las capas compuestas (2, 3) en comparación con la sección transversal restante de la tapa.

Description

Tapa con orificio de extracción para el cierre de recipientes.
La invención se refiere a un procedimiento para la fabricación de una tapa con elemento auxiliar de apertura para el cierre de recipientes sobre la base de un material compuesto de al menos dos capas a partir de capas compuestas de estructura continua, en el que la capa compuesta dirigida hacia el recipiente se sella en el borde del recipiente, de modo que al separarse las capas compuestas se forma un orificio para extraer el producto envasado en el recipiente, y en el que la capa compuesta dirigida hacia el recipiente está hecha principalmente de un plástico, cuya resistencia interior a la rotura en la zona del orificio de extracción, sin que estén previstas líneas de debilitamiento para el orificio de extracción, es menor que su adherencia respecto a la capa compuesta contraria al recipiente en la zona restante de la tapa y cuya adherencia respecto al borde del recipiente, al menos en la zona del elemento auxiliar de apertura, es mayor que la adherencia respecto a la capa compuesta contraria al recipiente.
Es conocido el uso de una tapa con al menos dos capas para el cierre de recipientes a fin de posibilitar, por ejemplo, la conservación del aroma exigido para los alimentos.
Se ha demostrado, además, que el consumidor demanda mucha información sobre el origen, los ingredientes, así como la caducidad en el caso de alimentos perecederos. A fin de crear suficiente espacio para estas informaciones se ha pasado a imprimirlas sobre la capa exterior de la tapa de dos capas, mientras que la capa interior, por el contrario, queda en lo posible sin impresión. Esto ocurre también, porque se debe evitar un posible contacto de la tinta con los alimentos.
Las tapas de dos capas mencionadas antes garantizan también una elevada conservación del aroma cuando en la capa de la tapa dirigida hacia el producto envasado está previsto un orificio de extracción. Esto se realiza preferentemente mediante la previsión de líneas de debilitamiento que quedan expuestas al abrirse el envase, es decir, al separarse entre sí las capas de la tapa, véase el documento EP-A-1164093. Al presionarse estas líneas de debilitamiento se crea un orificio de extracción, a través del que se puede extraer total o parcialmente el producto envasado. Especialmente en los envases grandes resulta ventajoso que la capa exterior de la tapa esté provista en su lado interior, por ejemplo, de un adhesivo sensible a la presión para poder cerrar de nuevo el orificio de extracción.
Sin embargo, estas soluciones para envases tienen la desventaja de que debido a las líneas de debilitamiento en la capa de la tapa, dirigida hacia el producto envasado, queda predefinido un posible punto defectuoso. Esto se evidencia especialmente cuando la capa exterior de la tapa se daña, por ejemplo, durante el transporte y, por tanto, a través de las líneas de debilitamiento puede entrar humedad o, dado el caso, impurezas en forma de bacterias en el producto envasado. Además, especialmente las láminas de aluminio en la zona de las líneas de debilitamiento tienen una propiedad corrosiva no deseada.
Por consiguiente, el objetivo de la presente invención es evitar las desventajas, conocidas del estado de la técnica, para tapas de al menos dos capas usadas para el cierre de recipientes, debiéndose disponer a la vez en estas tapas un orificio de extracción, al que el consumidor pueda acceder fácilmente, con preferencia al abrirse el envase.
Este objetivo se consigue según la invención mediante un procedimiento del tipo mencionado al inicio, caracterizado porque las capas compuestas de la tapa se someten a una presión elevada y a una temperatura elevada en una zona, correspondiente al orificio de extracción, por medio de herramientas de sellado, de modo que en esta zona predefinida aumenta la adherencia entre las capas compuestas en comparación con la sección transversal restante de la tapa.
Se logra así el efecto de que el plástico existente en la capa compuesta dirigida hacia el recipiente se adhiere tan fuertemente a la capa compuesta exterior en la zona del orificio de extracción que durante la apertura se arranca una zona en correspondencia con el orificio de extracción y la capa restante de la tapa dirigida hacia el recipiente permanece adherida al recipiente por el efecto sellante respecto al borde del recipiente. Para que el consumidor pueda acceder fácilmente al producto envasado a través del orificio de extracción, éste sujeta la tapa por el elemento auxiliar de apertura y "desprende" la capa, contraria al envase, de la capa plástica situada debajo. Como resultado de la fuerza aplicada se separa la capa plástica del borde del recipiente al menos en la zona del elemento auxiliar de apertura, de modo que el recipiente permanece parcialmente cerrado, con excepción del orificio de extracción.
Además, en el estado no abierto se evita el riesgo de una posible entrada de impurezas, ya que las capas de material son continuas en sí, es decir, no está previsto ningún tipo de línea de debilitamiento para configurar el posible orificio de extracción.
La invención se explica detalladamente a continuación por medio de las figuras 1 a 6, así como por medio de formas posibles de realización de la invención. La figura 1 muestra formas posibles de realización de la tapa fabricada según la invención y las figuras 2 a 4 representan posibles variantes del procedimiento según la invención, especialmente para la fabricación de la zona de elevada adherencia dentro de la tapa. Asimismo, las figuras 5 y 6 muestran el uso de la tapa fabricada según la invención para el cierre de un recipiente.
En la fabricación de la tapa 1 se usan como capa compuesta 2, es decir, como capa compuesta de la tapa dirigida hacia el recipiente, principalmente plásticos, ya sea en forma de monocapa o multicapa. La capa compuesta 2 de plástico tiene, por ejemplo, un espesor en un intervalo de 6 a 100 \mum. Los plásticos usados se fabrican principalmente a partir del grupo de los poliestiroles, polietilenos, poliéster y polipropilenos, así como de los copolímeros correspondientes y sus mezclas. Los propios plásticos pueden estar rellenos o no rellenos, usándose ventajosamente como materiales de relleno el talco, el ácido silícico o la tiza.
Para la capa plástica 2 dirigida hacia el recipiente se usa ventajosamente una capa plástica que se sella en el borde 17' del recipiente. Por esta razón se podría prescindir de un medio adicional de sellado, por ejemplo, en forma de una laca de sellado, como aparece representado en la figura 1e.
Asimismo, la capa compuesta 2 dirigida hacia el recipiente se puede proveer de una impresión, dado el caso, informativa en su lado exterior, es decir, en el lado dirigido hacia el consumidor después del "desprendimiento".
La capa compuesta 3 contraria al recipiente está hecha, por ejemplo, de una lámina de aluminio con un espesor de 10 a 100 \mum. Sin embargo, es posible también usar una lámina plástica de resistencia elevada y combinarla, dado el caso, con aluminio o papel en su lado exterior.
Tras seleccionarse los materiales para las capas 2 y 3 se fabrica el material compuesto desprendible para la tapa 1. Esto se lleva a cabo por ejemplo por coextrusión, lo que resulta especialmente ventajoso en caso de usarse plásticos tanto en la capa 2 como en la capa 3. Es posible también colocar la capa 2 sobre la capa 3 mediante revestimiento por extrusión. Esto se produce cuando el plástico de la capa 2 se aplica por extrusión sobre la capa 3 y se une con ésta a continuación de modo que se mantiene la capacidad de desprendimiento de las capas 2 y 3.
Es posible también fabricar el material compuesto a partir de las capas 2 y 3 mediante pegado por capas. Esto se puede llevar a cabo en dependencia del tipo de plástico y/o su contenido de copolímeros con o sin adición de agentes adhesivos.
Tras fabricarse el material compuesto desprendible para la tapa 1, ésta se imprime y en caso necesario se provee de un medio de sellado. A tal efecto, en el lado de la capa plástica 2 dirigido hacia el recipiente se aplica una laca convencional 7 de sellado que se puede configurar con una superficie rugosa para facilitar la separación de la pila de las tapas almacenadas usualmente una sobre otra en depósitos, véase figura 1e. En este caso se puede seleccionar una configuración de superficie rugosa en forma de elementos distanciadores 7' de superficie rugosa dispuestos geométricamente (véase figura 1f).
Asimismo, la laca 6 de impresión sobre la capa compuesta exterior 3 también puede tener una superficie rugosa para facilitar adicionalmente la separación de la pila y, dado el caso, obtener una impresión decorativa especial, véase figuras 1c y 1d. En este caso, la laca 6 de impresión se aplica en forma de elementos distanciadores 6' dispuestos geométricamente (véase al respecto la figura 1d). Para identificar con más exactitud la zona 4, en la que la adherencia entre las capas 2 y 3 es elevada en comparación con la zona restante de la tapa, ésta puede presentar asimismo una impresión informativa con una configuración superficial lisa para indicarle al consumidor la posibilidad de una extracción parcial a través del orificio de extracción creado a continuación en la zona 4.
Para poder fabricar la zona 4 de adherencia elevada entre las capas 2 y 3, que también está en correspondencia a continuación con la forma del orificio 19 de extracción, según muestra la figura 5, se dispone de las siguientes variantes para ejecutar el procedimiento según la invención: Según las representaciones de las figuras 2 y 3, la zona 4 de elevada adherencia se fabrica conforme a un llamado principio de laminación. A tal efecto, los cilindros 8 ó 10 están provistos de resaltos 8' ó 10' en su superficie. Los propios cilindros se han calentado a una temperatura de entre 100 y 300ºC.
Según la figura 2, el material compuesto a partir de las capas 2 y 3 se guía entre los cilindros 9 y 8. Mediante la fuerza de compresión de los cilindros en la abertura entre cilindros y la previsión de los resaltos 8' se crea una zona 4 de elevada adherencia, según está bosquejado esquemáticamente, por ejemplo, en la figura 1a.
Para aumentar los tiempos de permanencia está previsto según la figura 3 un tambor calentado 10, por cuya superficie se guían las capas compuestas 2 y 3 mediante cilindros 11 de inversión. Mediante la forma y el tamaño del tambor, así como de los resaltos 10' previstos aquí se pueden aumentar esencialmente los tiempos de permanencia en comparación con la realización del procedimiento según la figura 2. Por medio de los cilindros 2 de presión, las capas compuestas 2, 3 están sometidas en una zona más amplia a la presión del cilindro de tambor, especialmente de los resaltos 10', de modo que en la zona 4 se puede lograr una adherencia especialmente fuerte, es decir, casi un efecto de soldadura de las capas compuestas 2 y 3.
La figura 4 muestra que la zona de adherencia elevada se puede fabricar asimismo de manera continua al troquelarse el material, disponible en rollos, para crear las tapas individuales. A tal efecto, las capas compuestas 2, 3, en forma de rollos, se guían entre una herramienta 13 de troquelado y una placa calentada 14, la herramienta de troquelado desciende para colocarse sobre la capa 3, soldándose simultáneamente las dos capas 2 y 3 por medio de la capa calentada 14 a través de la capa 3. De este modo se puede lograr una adherencia elevada, como la prevista en la zona 4, e inmediatamente después troquelar con una herramienta convencional 15 de troquelado los materiales compuestos, disponibles aún en forma de rollos, según muestra, por ejemplo, la figura 1a, para crear las tapas individuales que se pueden extraer a través del orificio 16 de salida.
Si las capas compuestas 2 y 3 están hechas, sin embargo, de plásticos termoplásticos, éstas se pueden calentar en una zona predefinida, preferentemente en la zona 4 de elevada adherencia que se va a configurar, para lograr la fluencia plástica y comprimir a presión. Esto se lleva a cabo, por ejemplo, mediante soldadura por ultrasonidos o inducción.
Mediante procedimientos convencionales de pegado por capas también es posible disponer entre las capas 2 y 3 un agente adhesivo, al que se le adicionan aceleradores latentes de reticulación. Si sobre este material compuesto se deja actuar en zonas predefinidas una presión elevada, así como una temperatura elevada, esto desencadena una reacción de reticulación, por lo que en esta zona predefinida 4 se obtiene una adherencia elevada en comparación con la sección transversal restante de la tapa.
La adherencia elevada en la zona 4 se mide a partir de la fuerza promedio de desprendimiento necesaria para separar las capas compuestas 2 y 3. A tal efecto, a partir de las capas compuestas 2 y 3 se fabrica una pieza de ensayo con una anchura de 15 mm en dirección de marcha y una longitud aproximada de 300 mm en dirección longitudinal. A continuación, las capas compuestas 2 y 3 se separan manualmente por sus extremos y se sujetan en el dispositivo de fijación de un equipo de ensayo de tracción, por ejemplo, de la empresa Zwick. El ensayo ulterior se realiza a una velocidad de salida de 100 mm/min, una longitud de sujeción de 50 mm como máximo y un ángulo de salida de 90º. El resultado de medición o el desarrollo de la resistencia al desprendimiento corresponden a una medición de la adherencia y se representan en el propio equipo de ensayo de tracción o con un registrador de diagrama. A partir de los resultados de medición de la serie de ensayos se calculan valores promedios en N/15 mm. Esto evidencia que en la zona 4 de elevada adherencia se obtienen valores de medición de > 5 N/15 mm a 160 N/15 mm como máximo, es decir, la adherencia en la zona 4 es tan alta que durante la apertura, según muestra la figura 5, "se arranca" una parte de la capa compuesta 2 y debido a la elevada adherencia permanece adherida como zona parcial 2' a la capa 3. Por el contrario, la sección transversal restante del recipiente tiene una adherencia de 0,1 a 5 N/15 mm, facilitándose "una fuerza de desprendimiento cómoda" para el consumidor mediante una adherencia en el intervalo de 0,2 a 0,4 N/15 mm. Esta adherencia es además menor que la existente entre la capa 2 y el borde 17' del recipiente, por lo que las capas 2 y 3 se pueden separar (desprender) fácilmente una de otra en la zona restante de la tapa. Este proceso se explica por medio de la figura 5:
Aquí se tira del elemento auxiliar 18 de apertura en forma de pestaña en dirección de la flecha F, de modo que las capas 2 y 3 se separan (desprenden) una de otra debido a la fuerza aplicada. Como resultado de la adherencia elevada en la zona 4 (véase al respecto la figura 1a) se arranca la capa 2' de la capa plástica 2 en correspondencia con la dimensión del orificio 19 de extracción de tal modo que por la adherencia elevada ésta permanece adherida a la capa 3, es decir, a la capa compuesta contraria al recipiente. Mediante la fuerza aplicada, la capa plástica 2 se sigue separando del borde 17' del recipiente al menos en la zona del elemento auxiliar 18 de apertura, de modo que el recipiente permanece cerrado parcialmente, con excepción del orificio de extracción. Mediante la resistencia de la costura de sellado entre el borde 17' del recipiente y la capa 2 permanece cerrado en gran parte el recipiente 17, pudiéndose extraer a través del orificio 19 de extracción el producto envasado, como yogur líquido y también especias.
Sin embargo, si sólo se debe extraer parcialmente el producto envasado y a continuación volver a cerrar el recipiente, al menos de forma separable, la capa compuesta 3 contraria al recipiente se puede proveer de un adhesivo 20 sensible a la presión. Según muestra la figura 6, el recipiente 17 se abre al quitarse la tapa 1 en dirección de la flecha F, por lo que el producto envasado se puede extraer parcialmente.
A continuación, la capa 3 se coloca de nuevo en dirección contraria a la flecha F sobre la capa compuesta 2, que queda después de la apertura, y ésta se presiona al menos ligeramente, pudiéndose activar así el efecto de pegado del adhesivo 20 sensible a la presión. El adhesivo 20 sensible a la presión puede estar presente también en la zona de la pestaña 18, de modo que la pestaña se fija al doblarse por el borde 17' del recipiente, mejorándose así en total la capacidad de volver a cerrar el recipiente 17.
A modo de resumen se puede explicar un ejemplo de realización de la invención de la siguiente forma:
Según la invención se describe un procedimiento para la fabricación de una tapa 1, compuesta esencialmente de capas compuestas 2 y 3, en la que la capa compuesta 2 dirigida hacia el recipiente está hecha de manera continua, es decir, sin ningún tipo de líneas de debilitamiento, a partir de un plástico, cuya resistencia interior a la rotura en la zona de un posible orificio de extracción es menor que su adherencia a la capa compuesta exterior 3, es decir, a la capa contraria al recipiente. Esto provoca que al desprenderse la capa 3 de la capa 2 situada debajo mediante el elemento auxiliar 18 de apertura se arranca un elemento 2' de esta capa en correspondencia con el orificio 19 de extracción y la capa compuesta restante, por el contrario, permanece adherida al borde 17' del recipiente. Como resultado de la fuerza aplicada durante el desprendimiento, la capa plástica 2 se sigue separando del borde 17' del recipiente al menos en la zona del elemento auxiliar 18 de apertura, de modo que el recipiente permanece parcialmente cerrado, con excepción del orificio de extracción. Este efecto se logra mediante el ajuste adecuado de la adherencia entre las capas 2 y 3 de la tapa, por una parte, y entre el borde 17' del recipiente y la capa 2 dirigida hacia el recipiente, por la otra parte. De este modo se ha elevado la adherencia en la zona del orificio potencial 4, 19 de extracción en comparación con la adherencia existente entre las capas 2 y 3. Sin embargo, ésta es al menos tan alta como la adherencia entre la capa 2 dirigida hacia el recipiente, es decir, como la adherencia que provoca la resistencia de la costura de sellado entre la capa interior 2 de la tapa y el borde 17' del recipiente. Esto significa que al separarse entre sí las capas 2, 3 se forma un orificio 19 de extracción y, sin embargo, la capa interior 2 permanece adherida en gran parte al borde 17' del recipiente. Esto permite extraer también parcialmente el producto envasado y después de su extracción cerrar de nuevo el recipiente al menos de manera parcial.

Claims (10)

1. Procedimiento para la fabricación de una tapa (1) con elemento auxiliar (18) de apertura para el cierre de recipientes (17) sobre la base de un material compuesto de al menos dos capas a partir de capas compuestas de estructura continua, en el que la capa compuesta (2) dirigida hacia el recipiente se sella en el borde (17') del recipiente, de modo que al separarse las capas compuestas (2, 3) se forma un orificio (19) para extraer el producto envasado en el recipiente, y en el que la capa compuesta (2) está hecha principalmente de un plástico, cuya resistencia interior a la rotura en la zona del orificio (4, 19) de extracción, sin que estén previstas líneas de debilitamiento para el orificio de extracción, es menor que su adherencia respecto a la capa compuesta (3) contraria al recipiente en la zona restante de la tapa y cuya adherencia respecto al borde (17') del recipiente, al menos en la zona del elemento auxiliar (18) de apertura, es mayor que la adherencia respecto a la capa compuesta (3), caracterizado porque las capas compuestas (2, 3) se someten a una presión elevada y a una temperatura elevada en una zona (4), correspondiente al orificio de extracción, por medio de herramientas de sellado, de modo que en esta zona (4) aumenta la adherencia entre las capas compuestas (2, 3) en comparación con la sección transversal restante de la tapa.
2. Procedimiento según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque como herramientas de sellado se usan cilindros (8, 10) con resaltos (8', 10') en la superficie, estando en correspondencia los resaltos en la superficie con la zona (4) de elevada adherencia.
3. Procedimiento según la reivindicación 1 ó 2, caracterizado porque por fuera del orificio (4, 19) de extracción existe una adherencia en un intervalo de 0,1 a 5 N/15 mm, con preferencia de 0,2 a 0,4
N/15 mm.
4. Procedimiento según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizado porque como plástico para la capa compuesta (2) dirigida hacia el recipiente se selecciona polietileno, polipropileno, poliéster y poliestirol, sus copolímeros, así como mezclas de estos.
5. Procedimiento según la reivindicación 4, caracterizado porque se adicionan materiales de relleno al plástico para la capa compuesta (2) dirigida hacia el recipiente.
6. Procedimiento según la reivindicación 5, caracterizado porque como materiales de relleno se usa talco y/o ácido silícico y/o tiza.
7. Procedimiento según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 6, caracterizado porque se usa una capa compuesta (2) de plástico que se sella en el borde (17') del recipiente.
8. Procedimiento según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 6, caracterizado porque la capa compuesta (2) de plástico está provista de un revestimiento (7) sellable con calor.
9. Procedimiento según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 8, caracterizado porque para la capa compuesta (3) contraria al recipiente se usa aluminio y/o plástico, dado el caso, en combinación con papel.
10. Procedimiento según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 9, caracterizado porque entre las capas compuestas (2, 3) está previsto un agente adhesivo.
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US7740730B2 (en) 2010-06-22
AT500343A1 (de) 2005-12-15
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WO2005100197A2 (de) 2005-10-27
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BRPI0506685A (pt) 2007-05-02

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