EP3633053A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines aluminiumbehälters aus aluminiumblech - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung eines aluminiumbehälters aus aluminiumblech Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3633053A1
EP3633053A1 EP19210272.1A EP19210272A EP3633053A1 EP 3633053 A1 EP3633053 A1 EP 3633053A1 EP 19210272 A EP19210272 A EP 19210272A EP 3633053 A1 EP3633053 A1 EP 3633053A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ksi
container
yield strength
aluminum sheet
tys
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19210272.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas N. Rouns
David J. MCNEISH
Darl G. Boysel
Guy P. WILSON
Greg MROZINSKI
Jean F. CAPPS
Neesha A. GHADIALI
Samuel COMBS
Christopher R. Miller
Robert E. Dick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcoa USA Corp
Original Assignee
Alcoa USA Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Alcoa USA Corp filed Critical Alcoa USA Corp
Publication of EP3633053A1 publication Critical patent/EP3633053A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/02—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/28—Deep-drawing of cylindrical articles using consecutive dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/24—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects high-pressure containers, e.g. boilers, bottles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • B21D51/2615—Edge treatment of cans or tins
    • B21D51/2638—Necking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
    • B65D1/0207—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by material, e.g. composition, physical features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
    • B65D1/0223—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by shape
    • B65D1/0261—Bottom construction
    • B65D1/0276—Bottom construction having a continuous contact surface, e.g. Champagne-type bottom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • substantially identically shaped metal beverage containers are produced massively and relatively economically.
  • dies have been used to neck and shape the containers. Often several operations are required using several different necking dies to narrow each metal container a desired amount.
  • Open ends of containers are formed by flanging, curling, threading and/or other operations to accept closures. Necking, expanding, shaping, and finishing operations sometimes cause metal failures, such as one or more of the following: curl splits, container fracture, container collapse.
  • an aluminum sheet 100 comprises a AA 3XXX or a 5xxx alloy having a tensile yield strength (TYS) as measured in the longitudinal direction of 27-33 ksi and an ultimate tensile strength (UTS); wherein the ultimate tensile strength minus the tensile yield strength is less than 3.30 ksi (UTS-TYS ⁇ 3.30 ksi).
  • the tensile yield strength as measured in the longitudinal direction is 28 -32 ksi.
  • the tensile yield strength as measured in the longitudinal direction is 28.53 -31.14 ksi.
  • the ultimate tensile strength minus the tensile yield strength is 2.90-3.30 ksi. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength minus the tensile yield strength is 2.99-3.30 ksi.
  • the aluminum sheet comprises one of AA: 3x03, 3x04 or 3x05. In some embodiments, the aluminum sheet comprises AA 3104. In some embodiments, the aluminum sheet comprises AA 5043. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength is 30 - 36 ksi. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength is 31 - 35 ksi. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength is 31.51 - 34.51 ksi.
  • the TYS and (UTS - TYS) values described above are for an aluminum sheet coil "as shipped" to a can maker.
  • the container forming process performed by the can maker includes thermal treatments and mechanical processes, i.e. cold working, both of which affect the TYS and (UTS - TYS) values.
  • the TYS and (UTS - TYS) values of a particular container will vary depending on the thermal treatments and mechanical processes used to form the container and the TYS and (UTS - TYS) values will vary along various points on a single container. For example, sidewalls of a container generally have a lot of cold work, which will result in higher TYS. Heat treatments generally lower TYS.
  • the dome of a container will experience heat treatments but little cold work so the TYS of the dome of a formed container made with sheet described above may be slightly lower than the TYS of the sheet described above.
  • an aluminum container 200 has a dome 210, wherein the dome 210 comprises a AA 3XXX or a 5XXX alloy having a tensile yield strength as measured in the longitudinal direction of 27-33 ksi and an ultimate tensile strength; wherein the ultimate tensile strength minus the tensile yield strength is less than 3.30 ksi (UTS-TYS ⁇ 3.30 ksi).
  • the tensile yield strength as measured in the longitudinal direction is 28 -32 ksi.
  • the tensile yield strength as measured in the longitudinal direction is 28.53 -31.14 ksi.
  • the ultimate tensile strength minus the tensile yield strength is 2.90-3.30 ksi. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength minus the tensile yield strength is 2.99-3.30 ksi.
  • dome 210 comprises one of AA: 3x03, 3x04 or 3x05.In some embodiments, the dome 210 comprises AA 3104. In some embodiments, the dome 210 comprises AA 5043. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength is 30 - 36 ksi. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength is 31 - 35 ksi. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength is 31.51 - 34.51 ksi. In some embodiments, the aluminum container is a bottle. In some embodiments, the aluminum container has been formed by drawing and ironing an aluminum sheet.
  • a method comprises: forming a container 300 from an aluminum sheet comprising a 3XXX or a 5xxx alloy having a tensile yield strength as measured in the longitudinal direction of 27-33 ksi and an ultimate tensile strength; wherein the ultimate tensile strength minus the tensile yield strength is less than 3.30 ksi (UTS-TYS ⁇ 3.30 ksi); and reducing a diameter of a portion of the container 310 by at least 26%.
  • reducing a diameter of the container 310 by at least 26% comprises necking the container 320 with necking dies. In some embodiments, reducing the diameter of the container 310 by at least 26% comprises necking the container 320 at least 14 times. In some embodiments, the diameter of the container is reduced by at least 30%.
  • the tensile yield strength as measured in the longitudinal direction is 28 -32 ksi. In some embodiments, the tensile yield strength as measured in the longitudinal direction is 28.53 -31.14 ksi. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength minus the tensile yield strength is 2.90-3.30 ksi. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength minus the tensile yield strength is 2.99-3.30 ksi. In some embodiments, the aluminum sheet comprises one of AA: 3x03, 3x04 or 3x05. In some embodiments, the aluminum sheet comprises AA 3104. In some embodiments, the aluminum sheet comprises AA 5043.
  • the ultimate tensile strength is 30 - 36 ksi. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength is 31 - 35 ksi. In some embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength is 31.51 - 34.51 ksi.
  • the container is a bottle.
  • the method further comprises expanding a section of the portion of the container having a reduced diameter 330.
  • the section has a length and the length is at least 0.3 inches. In some embodiments, the length is at least 0.4 inches.
  • An aluminum sheet is rolled aluminum having a thickness of 0.006 inch to 0.030 inch.
  • a dome is the dome at the bottom of the container.
  • a bottle is a rigid container having a neck that is narrower than the body.
  • the tensile yield strength is defined as the load at 0.2% offset yield divided by the original cross sectional area of the specimen.
  • the ultimate tensile strength is the maximum load divided by the original cross sectional area.
  • alloys and tempers mentioned herein are as defined by the American National Standard Alloy and Temper Designation System for Aluminum ANSI H35.1 and "the Aluminum Association International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum and Wrought Aluminum Alloys as revised February 2009.
  • can bottle stock (as measured by reject rate after finishing the opening of the container) has been empirically demonstrated to increase with reduced ( ⁇ 3.30 ksi) UTS-TYS difference.
  • UTS-TYS differences of ⁇ 3.30 ksi have resulted in less product rejects.
  • Specimens measured were made from finished gauge sheet with a nominal width of ⁇ 0.50". The samples were oriented such that the rolling direction is parallel to the applied load.
  • finishing comprises one or a combination of the following: forming threads, expanding, narrowing, curling, flanging, or forming the opening of the container to accept a closure.
  • Bottles made from coils of aluminum sheet with UTS-TYS ⁇ 3.30 ksi have lower reject rates after finishing.
  • Rejection can be caused by container failures, such as one or more of the following: curl splits, container fracture, container collapse. Other types of container failures may cause rejection.
  • One method to produce reduced UTS-TYS difference bottle stock sheet is a reduction in Ti level and an increase in preheat soak time from standard production targets.
  • the Ti levels in the aluminum sheet are in the range of 0.0030 - 0.008 wt %.
  • the aluminum sheet experiences presoak times in the range of 3 hours at 1080°F plus 30-40 hours at 1060°F. In some embodiments, the aluminum sheet experiences presoak times in the range of 3 hours at 1080°F plus 35-40 hours at 1060°F. In some embodiments, the aluminum sheet experiences presoak times in the range of 3 hours at 1080°F plus 37-40 hours at 1060°F.
  • Aluminum sheet (10 coils) having an average TYS of ⁇ 35.35 ksi (range 34.38-36.18 ksi) with UTS-TYS average of 3.47 ksi (range 3.30-3.80 ksi) are in group 1.
  • the average UTS of group 1 was 38.89 ksi (range 38.09-39.49 ksi).
  • the material in group 1 lacked sufficient formability to be used in the manufacture of bottles.
  • Coils of aluminum sheets having an average TYS of 32.15 ksi (range 31.00-34.16 ksi) with an average UTS-TYS of 3.42 ksi (range 3.08-3.72 ksi) are in group 2.
  • the average UTS of group 2 was 35.57 ksi (range 34.34-37.49 ksi).
  • the material in group 2 lacked sufficient formability to be used in the manufacture of bottles.
  • Group 3 coils of aluminum sheet had an average TYS of 30.06 ksi (range 28.97-31.23 ksi) and an average UTS-TYS of 3.36 ksi (range 3.02-3.64 ksi).
  • the average UTS of group 3 was 33.41 ksi (range 31.65-34.81 ksi).
  • group 3 coils some were identified as performing with low bottle reject rates after finishing. Some has sufficient formability to be used in the manufacture of bottles.
  • the average UTS of group 4 was 33.03 ksi (range 31.54-34.51 ksi). Bottles made from coils of aluminum sheet in group 4 with UTS-TYS ⁇ 3.30 ksi have low reject rates after finishing.
  • the UTS of groups 1-4 is shown in the graph in Figure 6 .
  • the TYS of groups 1-4 is shown in the graph in Figure 7 .
  • the UTS-TYI of groups 1-4 is shown in the graph in Figure 8 .
  • the UTS-TYS of a subset of coils from group 3 is plotted against reject rates in Figure 9 . As can be seen in Figure 9 , there is a statistically significant difference in the UTS-TYS for known high reject rate coils and low reject rate coils.
  • a partition analysis on the reject rate can split the lots into two groups that have the minimal misclassification error at a UTS-TYS value of 3.3.
  • the table below shows the results of the partition analysis of the same data set included in Figure 9 .
  • UTS-TYS > 3.3 low reject rate lots 16 2 high reject rate lots 4 21
  • Investigation of C values between 5 and 25 resulted in significant bottle forming differences.
  • a C value in the range of 12-18 can be used to minimize reject rates.
  • a C value in the range of 15 - 25 can be used.
  • a C value in the range of 20-35 can be used.
  • a C value in the range of 25-50 can be used.
  • a C value in the range of 5 - 12 can be used.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
EP19210272.1A 2014-04-30 2015-04-30 Verfahren zur herstellung eines aluminiumbehälters aus aluminiumblech Withdrawn EP3633053A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201461986692P 2014-04-30 2014-04-30
EP15722847.9A EP3137641B1 (de) 2014-04-30 2015-04-30 Verfahren zur herstellung eines aluminiumbehälters aus aluminiumblech
PCT/US2015/028583 WO2015168443A1 (en) 2014-04-30 2015-04-30 Aluminum sheet with enhanced formability and an aluminum container made from aluminum sheet

Related Parent Applications (2)

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EP15722847.9A Division-Into EP3137641B1 (de) 2014-04-30 2015-04-30 Verfahren zur herstellung eines aluminiumbehälters aus aluminiumblech
EP15722847.9A Division EP3137641B1 (de) 2014-04-30 2015-04-30 Verfahren zur herstellung eines aluminiumbehälters aus aluminiumblech

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EP3633053A1 true EP3633053A1 (de) 2020-04-08

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EP19210272.1A Withdrawn EP3633053A1 (de) 2014-04-30 2015-04-30 Verfahren zur herstellung eines aluminiumbehälters aus aluminiumblech
EP15722847.9A Active EP3137641B1 (de) 2014-04-30 2015-04-30 Verfahren zur herstellung eines aluminiumbehälters aus aluminiumblech

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Country Status (10)

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US (3) US20150314361A1 (de)
EP (2) EP3633053A1 (de)
JP (2) JP6657116B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101920982B1 (de)
CN (2) CN105039878B (de)
BR (1) BR112016024729B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2946883C (de)
RU (1) RU2664006C2 (de)
SA (1) SA516380182B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2015168443A1 (de)

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EP3633053A1 (de) 2014-04-30 2020-04-08 Alcoa USA Corp. Verfahren zur herstellung eines aluminiumbehälters aus aluminiumblech
US20150344166A1 (en) * 2014-05-30 2015-12-03 Anheuser-Busch, Llc Low spread metal elongated bottle and production method
BR112016029844B1 (pt) * 2014-06-20 2021-06-01 Medspray B.V. Dispositivos de pulverização, método para fabricação de um dispositivo de pulverização, e, uso do dispositivo de pulverização
EP3191611B2 (de) 2014-09-12 2022-05-25 Novelis Inc. Legierungen für stark geformte aluminiumprodukte und verfahren zur herstellung davon
BR112017027678A2 (pt) * 2015-07-06 2018-08-28 Novelis Inc método para fazer uma garrafa de alumínio, pré-forma de garrafa, e, garrafa.
US10604826B2 (en) 2015-12-17 2020-03-31 Novelis Inc. Aluminum microstructure for highly shaped products and associated methods
US11433441B2 (en) * 2016-08-30 2022-09-06 Kaiser Aluminum Warrick, Llc Aluminum sheet with enhanced formability and an aluminum container made from aluminum sheet
CN108467975B (zh) * 2018-06-20 2019-12-17 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 一种3系铝合金管材的生产工艺
WO2021050746A1 (en) * 2019-09-10 2021-03-18 Anheuser-Busch, Llc Reducing material usage and plastic-deformation steps in the manufacture of aluminum containers

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