EP1989029B8 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formsteinen mit fasern - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formsteinen mit fasern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1989029B8 EP1989029B8 EP07711535A EP07711535A EP1989029B8 EP 1989029 B8 EP1989029 B8 EP 1989029B8 EP 07711535 A EP07711535 A EP 07711535A EP 07711535 A EP07711535 A EP 07711535A EP 1989029 B8 EP1989029 B8 EP 1989029B8
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- formwork
- fibers
- hydraulically setting
- mats
- height
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011459 moulded brick Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011401 Portland-fly ash cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000006829 Ficus sundaica Species 0.000 description 1
- -1 admixtures Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011455 calcium-silicate brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/0056—Means for inserting the elements into the mould or supporting them in the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
- B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
- B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/0037—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with elements being able to conduct light, e.g. light conducting fibers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
- B28B23/022—Means for inserting reinforcing members into the mould or for supporting them in the mould
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the production of molded blocks from a hydraulically setting mass, in which fibers, in particular optical fibers are embedded.
- Hydraulically setting compounds hereinafter also referred to as matrix
- matrix are to be understood as meaning concrete, fine concrete, mortar, gypsum and similar materials, which as a rule contain a hydraulic binder, aggregates, admixtures, additives and water.
- stones including in addition to the classic stones with square or rectangular base and those with triangular, trapezoidal or diamond-shaped base and all imaginable round shapes, such as circle, ellipse, etc., be included.
- This object is achieved by a method and an apparatus for producing shaped blocks of hydraulically setting masses (matrix) and fibers embedded therein, in which a formwork is used from a frame with a vertically movable floor.
- the bottom of the formwork is first set to a defined height below the frame top, filled with hydraulically setting mass, placed the fibers in the desired direction and incorporated into the mass and then lowered the ground by a predetermined distance. These steps are repeated until the desired height of the block is reached.
- smaller stones can also be obtained by means of separation transversely and / or longitudinally to the fiber direction.
- the hydraulic binder for the matrix is above all cement.
- Suitable cements include Portland Cement, Portland Cement Cement, Portland Fly Ash Cement, Portland Limestone Cement, Portland Composite Cement and Blast Furnace Cement. Particularly preferred are Portland cement and Portland cottage cement.
- the matrix may contain natural and / or artificial aggregates, additives and / or additives in a manner known per se.
- Additives are, for example, natural and artificial pozzolans, color pigments, plastic dispersions, minerals, etc. Typical amounts are, for example, 3 to 8% by weight for color pigments and up to 30% by weight for fly ash, minerals etc. Additives are, for example, air-entraining agents, plasticizers, flow agents, accelerators, retarders, etc. If present, quantities of up to 5% by weight, in individual cases of up to 10% by weight, are used.
- sand gravel or grit can be used in principle.
- sand mixtures having a maximum particle size of about 2 mm have proved successful.
- the mass ratio of cement to sand is usually between 1: 1 and 1: 3.
- the fibers are, in particular, optical fibers, so that the molded blocks produced according to the invention are translucent in the direction of the incorporated fibers.
- the method and the device are also best suited for embedding other fibers, in particular where it depends on a specifically adjustable arrangement and orientation of the fibers within the molded block.
- tissue Accordingly come as fibers into consideration textile glass fibers, plastic fibers, carbon fibers, natural fibers, etc. Instead of individual fibers and mats, scrims, rovings or particularly preferred tissue can be incorporated, hereinafter referred to as tissue.
- fibers and hydraulically setting mass must be compatible with each other, as is the case for example in the known optical fibers of silicate glass and cement.
- the proportion of fibers in the matrix is adjusted so that the required strength and resilience of the molded block is guaranteed.
- the formwork is preferably in width, length and depth to adapt to the desired dimensions of the stones.
- dimensions of 50 cm x 200 cm are suitable.
- the depth which determines the maximum height of the block may e.g. 50 cm.
- the height can be varied freely within the minimum height and depth of the formwork determined by the height of a layer of hydraulic mass and fibers.
- the formwork should consist of a material or be provided at least in the interior with a material from which the matrix dissolves sufficiently to ensure a damage-free demolding. Accordingly, the formwork materials used in the precast concrete area are suitable. The use of release agents, as they are also known from the manufacture of finished parts, is possible.
- the adjustment of the soil can be done in a conventional manner via a spindle drive, a hydraulic system or the like. It is for demolding and possibly necessary cleaning advantageous if the side walls of the formwork are hinged.
- Mortar sleds are used in the laying of large-sized bricks (bricks, aerated concrete, sand-lime bricks) using a thin-bed process (thin mortar layer with a thickness of approx. 5 mm).
- the masonry mortar is applied to the top of each stone layer using a mortar carriage.
- the mortar sled is a rectangular metal box that is open at the top and bottom and its width with the stone width used matches. From above it is filled with mortar and then pulled over the top of a stone layer in the wall longitudinal direction. A thin layer of mortar is applied to the upper side of the stone via the open underside of the box and a defined gap.
- the matrix can also be applied by means of a spraying device.
- the fibers or fabrics are held on one or more roll (s) and deposited from there onto the mass and cut to length according to the required length.
- the fibers can preferably be stretched and fixed over the mold length with a suitable device, which advantageously avoids shifting the fibers within the mass.
- a clamping device with which the fibers or fabric are set on both sides of the formwork is suitable.
- finely cut fibers can also be inserted into the formwork, especially when the fibers are stiff.
- the mortar carriage or the spraying device can be guided over the formwork and / or the formwork is moved under the mortar carriage or the spraying device. With a movement of formwork and mortar carriage or spraying device can be realized particularly high production speeds.
- the fibers or the fabric are introduced through the mortar carriage and so introduced together with the hydraulically setting compound in the formwork. In this case, a bleeding of the mass is expediently carried out by an internal or external vibrator on the mortar carriage.
- the fibers can be completely or partially omitted in one or more layers.
- Figure 5 a-f Scheme of a device according to the invention with clamping device for fixing the fibers or tissues in different stages of the
- the device 1 shows a device according to the invention is shown schematically. It includes the formwork 1 from frame 2 and vertically movable bottom 3. Furthermore, a mortar carriage 4 is provided, which fills the hydraulically setting compound 5 in a controllable amount in the formwork 1.
- the fibers 6 are unrolled from a roll 7. Not shown are the drive of the bottom 3, the devices for cutting the fibers 6 and the smoothing device for incorporating the fibers.
- the bottom 3 of the formwork 1 is located at the start of production with a defined height difference s below the formwork upper edge. This height difference s corresponds to the height of a layer of hydraulically setting compound 5 and fibers 6.
- the mortar carriage 4 travels along the formwork 1 along its upper edge and thereby fills a precisely adjustable amount of matrix 5. Subsequently, the fibers 6 required for a layer, either as individual fibers or as a fabric, are laid on the fresh surface of the matrix 5, installed with the smoothing device and cut to length.
- the bottom 3 of the formwork 1 is lowered by the height s of a layer of matrix 5 and fibers 6 and the filling process is repeated in the same way.
- the formwork 1 for venting the matrix 5 can be vibrated from the outside or there is a compression by means of the smoothing device.
- FIG. 2 shows a formwork 1 of a device according to the invention, wherein the bottom 3 is in the uppermost position, which is set at the start of production.
- the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals.
- the fibers 6 are unrolled from the roll 7 and incorporated in the mortar carriage 4 in the matrix 5.
- the filling of matrix 5 and fibers 6 takes place at the same time.
- the mortar carriage 4 is provided with an internal or external vibrator for venting the matrix 5, a smoothing device is thereby unnecessary but can also be integrated on the mortar carriage.
- FIG. 4 shows three variants of the device.
- the mortar carriage 4 is movable and moves over the Formwork 1 away to fill the mass 5.
- the mortar carriage 4 is arranged stationary and the formwork 1 is movable, so that for filling the mass 5, the formwork 1 is guided under the mortar slide 4 along.
- both mortar carriage 4 and formwork 1 are movable and are moved to fill the mass 5 and, if necessary. Also the fibers 6 against each other. This allows an increase in production speed.
- FIG. 5 a-f shows the method sequence and, schematically, a corresponding device, wherein a clamping device fixes the fibers or tissue during smoothing and cutting to length.
- the procedure and basic structure corresponds to that of Figure 1.
- the glass layer 6 is fixed immediately outside the formwork 1 on one side with a clamping device 8 (see Figure 5a).
- a clamping device 8 see Figure 5a.
- FIG. 5 b the glass layer 6 is pressed onto the surface of the matrix 5 with a pressure roller 10.
- FIG. 5c it can be seen how the other side of the glass layer 6 is then fixed with a clamping device 9.
- the clamping device 8, 9 can be positioned so that a certain amount of tension is exerted on the glass layer 6. Then, a smoothing and compacting process with a smoothing plate 11, which is shown in Figure 5d. Analogous to the procedure in a road paver, an additional compaction energy can be applied via the screed plate 11 by means of vibrator / vibrator 12.
- the glass layer 6 between the clamping device 8 and 9 is severed with a suitable sawing device 13.
- the clamping devices 8, 9 prevent a shifting of the fiber layer 6 in the fresh matrix 5 both during smoothing and compacting as well as during the severing of the fibers 6.
- the bottom 3 of the formwork 1 is lowered and filled again matrix 5. Then the process repeats, s. FIG. 5f.
- the invention has been explained using the example of a rectangular stone, by appropriate selection of the formwork can be analog other forms with triangular, trapezoidal, polygonal, round or curved bases obtained.
- the walls can be designed vertically or inclined to the base.
- mechanical post-processing e.g. Saws to adapt the outer contour even more specifically to desired shapes.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006007920A DE102006007920B3 (de) | 2006-02-21 | 2006-02-21 | Herstellung von Formsteinen mit Fasern |
PCT/EP2007/001302 WO2007096083A1 (de) | 2006-02-21 | 2007-02-15 | Herstellung von formsteinen mit fasern |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1989029A1 EP1989029A1 (de) | 2008-11-12 |
EP1989029B1 EP1989029B1 (de) | 2011-12-21 |
EP1989029B8 true EP1989029B8 (de) | 2012-03-21 |
Family
ID=38051913
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07711535A Not-in-force EP1989029B8 (de) | 2006-02-21 | 2007-02-15 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formsteinen mit fasern |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090200703A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1989029B8 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE537950T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006007920B3 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2008137408A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007096083A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006044160A1 (de) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-27 | Delunamagma Industries Gmbh | Baustein mit lichtdurchlässigen Fasern |
EP1970497A3 (de) | 2007-03-13 | 2009-08-19 | LUCCON Lichtbeton GmbH | Beleuchtetes Bauteil und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE102007013199A1 (de) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-11-06 | Delunamagma Industries Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines lichtdurchlässigen Mehrschicht-Verbund-Bauelementes für Fassaden |
DE102007040083B4 (de) * | 2007-08-24 | 2011-06-22 | robatex GmbH, 52222 | Lichtleitendes Bauelement sowie, Vorrichtung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
DE102007045898B4 (de) * | 2007-09-26 | 2017-03-02 | Rwth Aachen | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauelements mit interner Leiteranordnung und mit einem entsprechenden Verfahren hergestelltes Bauelement |
DE202008007105U1 (de) | 2008-05-27 | 2008-08-07 | Robatex Gmbh | Transparente Fassaden und Außenwände |
DE102008027799A1 (de) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-24 | Robatex Gmbh | Lichtleitende Steine, Platten und Werksteine |
DE102008028219A1 (de) | 2008-06-12 | 2009-12-24 | Robatex Gmbh | Lichttextil |
DE102008046769A1 (de) | 2008-09-11 | 2010-03-18 | Oliver Fischer | Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Herstellung eines lichtleitenden Baukörpers |
DE202008012108U1 (de) | 2008-09-12 | 2008-11-13 | Robatex Gmbh | Formkörper für lichtleitende Betonelemente mit definierter Einzelfaseranordnung |
EP2177332A1 (de) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-04-21 | Jürgen Frei | Lichtleitendes Bauelement mit thermischer Trennung |
DE202009016496U1 (de) | 2009-12-07 | 2010-02-25 | Barlé, Ampai | Dekorative Betonelemente |
CN101906836B (zh) * | 2010-07-28 | 2011-10-26 | 湖南科技大学 | 一种透光混凝土构件及其制造工艺方法 |
DE202011004546U1 (de) | 2011-03-29 | 2011-06-09 | lucem GmbH, 52222 | Lichtdurchlässige Betonelemente |
CN103978562B (zh) * | 2014-04-14 | 2016-02-24 | 广西大学 | 一种多自由度石膏模型加工机床 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH591318A5 (en) * | 1975-11-12 | 1977-09-15 | Gips Union Ag | Vertical mould for cast concrete blocks - has bottom ejection profiles and top levelled by movement of grille across overflowed material |
DE2713090C3 (de) * | 1977-03-24 | 1981-04-02 | Josef 8999 Weiler Rudolph | Betonwerkstein, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und dessen Verwendung |
US4183188A (en) * | 1977-07-12 | 1980-01-15 | Goldsby Claude W | Simulated brick panel, composition and method |
JPS61291105A (ja) * | 1985-06-20 | 1986-12-20 | 安藤 成雄 | 補強セメントモルタル成形品の製造方法とその装置 |
IT1218642B (it) * | 1987-03-31 | 1990-04-19 | Luca Toncelli | Procedimento per la realizzazione di blocchi multistrato, mediante opportuna distribuzione dell'impasto, atti alla produzione di lastre agglomerate di marmo, granito, sabbia o pietre in genere |
JPS63257606A (ja) * | 1987-04-16 | 1988-10-25 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | セメント成形体の製造方法 |
DE9310500U1 (de) * | 1993-07-14 | 1994-03-17 | Weidmann, Uwe, 52428 Jülich | Lichtdurchlässiges Bauelement |
AT3640U1 (de) * | 1999-05-03 | 2000-06-26 | Leinweber Maschinen Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum befüllen einer presse |
SE522171C2 (sv) * | 2002-05-17 | 2004-01-20 | Aron Losonczi | Byggnadsblock innefattande ljusgenomsläppliga fibrer och metod för framställning av detsamma |
-
2006
- 2006-02-21 DE DE102006007920A patent/DE102006007920B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-02-15 EP EP07711535A patent/EP1989029B8/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-02-15 AT AT07711535T patent/ATE537950T1/de active
- 2007-02-15 WO PCT/EP2007/001302 patent/WO2007096083A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-02-15 RU RU2008137408/03A patent/RU2008137408A/ru unknown
- 2007-02-15 US US12/280,141 patent/US20090200703A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007096083A1 (de) | 2007-08-30 |
DE102006007920B3 (de) | 2007-12-06 |
EP1989029A1 (de) | 2008-11-12 |
EP1989029B1 (de) | 2011-12-21 |
US20090200703A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
ATE537950T1 (de) | 2012-01-15 |
RU2008137408A (ru) | 2010-03-27 |
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