EP1868412A2 - Dispositif de haut-parleur pour la sonorisation directionnelle d'un siège de véhicule automobile - Google Patents

Dispositif de haut-parleur pour la sonorisation directionnelle d'un siège de véhicule automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1868412A2
EP1868412A2 EP07010104A EP07010104A EP1868412A2 EP 1868412 A2 EP1868412 A2 EP 1868412A2 EP 07010104 A EP07010104 A EP 07010104A EP 07010104 A EP07010104 A EP 07010104A EP 1868412 A2 EP1868412 A2 EP 1868412A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loudspeaker
sound
low
frequency part
motor vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP07010104A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1868412A3 (fr
Inventor
Holger Opfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
Original Assignee
Volkswagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Publication of EP1868412A2 publication Critical patent/EP1868412A2/fr
Publication of EP1868412A3 publication Critical patent/EP1868412A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
    • H04R19/02—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker arrangement and an associated method for directional sonication of a motor vehicle seat.
  • Speaker arrangements for sonicating the interior of a motor vehicle e.g. with music or acoustic information, which are provided for example by a radio, CD player, DVD player or a telecommunications or navigation system as an audio signal
  • Common loudspeaker systems usually use electrodynamic loudspeakers, the diaphragm being driven by the interaction between electric current and a magnetic constant field and the Lorentz force being utilized as the power source.
  • electrodynamic speakers are usually quite voluminous and heavy due to their usual cone design and the permanent magnet used, so that in particular in an arrangement of multiple speakers an enormous amount of space is required, especially in the limited space in the interior of a motor vehicle compromises in terms of installation , Sound power and optimal radiation characteristics required.
  • an acoustic element comprising any number, preferably two, layers and at least one plastic film spaced from the layer, wherein at least one layer comprises at least one porous layer, and the porous film and the plastic film substantially only in contact with each other at certain support points come while at the other locations an air gap between the porous layer and the plastic film is present.
  • the porous layer is either electrically conductive or at least coated on one of its surfaces so that it is electrically conductive.
  • the plastic film is charged or provided with an electrically conductive surface.
  • the support points at which the plastic film and the porous layer come into contact with each other are arranged so that the entire structure can change its thickness.
  • Electrostatic Area loudspeakers have the property of a particularly pronounced directional characteristic, ie a pronounced sound radiation perpendicular to the loudspeaker level. Since they are usually made of plastic, they are characterized in addition to their flat design further by good formability and low weight. However, the directivity of the electrostatic surface speakers depends on the frequency, the directional characteristic is worse at low frequencies.
  • a targeted single-station sound for example, when the driver calls via a speakerphone or operated by voice control vehicle functions.
  • a single-seat sound reinforcement allows different individual music programs or the establishment of a voice channel between two vehicle seats, without disturbing the other vehicle occupants.
  • the invention is therefore the technical problem of providing a loudspeaker arrangement for the directional sound of a motor vehicle seat and an associated method for controlling such a loudspeaker arrangement, by means of which the other vehicle occupants are less disturbed.
  • the loudspeaker arrangement for directional sounding of a motor vehicle seat comprises at least two loudspeakers which can be controlled by at least one audio processor, wherein the first loudspeaker is designed as at least one electrostatic surface loudspeaker and the at least one second loudspeaker is arranged in the headrest of the associated motor vehicle seat, wherein the audio signal to be radiated is decomposed in a high-frequency part and a low-frequency part, wherein the electrostatic surface speaker is driven with the high-frequency part and the second speaker is driven with the low-frequency part, wherein the amplitude of the low-frequency part is selected such that the low-frequency Parts should not be emitted as sound.
  • the low-frequency components are perceived as a moving medium mass in the near field of the headrest, without affecting the neighboring seats, since no sound radiation takes place in the far field.
  • the high-frequency components are emitted by the electrostatic flat-panel loudspeaker with its good directional characteristic. This can then be increased by further measures such as beamforming by individual flat speaker segments are operated with different transfer functions.
  • the audio signal is general is understood and may be, for example, music or natural language, so the device can also be used for a speaker-adaptive system application.
  • the at least second loudspeaker is designed as an electrodynamic loudspeaker.
  • electro-dynamic loudspeakers are inexpensive and move sufficiently large air masses.
  • the low-frequency parts are less than or equal to 500 Hz, more preferably less than or equal to 300 Hz.
  • the electrostatic surface loudspeaker has means for active and / or passive attenuation of the sound radiation in a radiation direction opposite to a main radiation. In this way, a directional speaker with unidirectional radiation characteristic can be generated. This in turn suppresses disturbing radiations, which could then disturb the neighboring places again by reflections.
  • the electrostatic flat loudspeaker is arranged on the headliner or forms it.
  • the at least one first loudspeaker is arranged pivotably in the interior of a motor vehicle.
  • the speaker can be brought into almost any position and be adapted in particular with regard to its emission characteristics of the acoustic conditions of the interior and the individual use situation within the vehicle or the needs of the user, so that in particular the irradiation of the sound to produce all-round sound or a single-station PA be enabled.
  • the at least one loudspeaker is arranged fold-out on the headliner of the motor vehicle.
  • the speaker can be folded down for use and placed in the acoustically optimal position, so that the folded down speaker can radiate the audio signal according to its pronounced directional characteristics optimally and directly from the front of the passenger. If the speaker is no longer needed, it can be folded back up into the rest position in the headliner and thus takes no additional space or does not interfere with the user's free view.
  • the means for passive attenuation of the sound radiation are designed as at least one sound-insulating layer on the side of the loudspeaker facing away from the main emission direction.
  • the rear volume of the flat-panel loudspeaker is preferably acoustically attenuated as much as possible acoustically on the side facing away from the main emission direction, and is limited to the outside by a preferably preferably reverberant termination.
  • the means for actively attenuating the sound radiation are designed as at least one active sound cancellation device comprising at least one further loudspeaker, wherein the active sound cancellation by generating a signal which is in phase opposition to the signal of the at least one loudspeaker, and by Controlling the other speaker with the opposite-phase signal takes place.
  • the further loudspeaker is preferably also designed as an electrostatic flat loudspeaker which actively dampens the radiation of sound in the direction opposite to the main emission direction.
  • the active damping is carried out according to the well-known in theory and practice "Active Noise Cancellation” principle (ANC), often referred to as “antinoise” principle.
  • a sound signal is generated with the help of the other speaker, which is at least opposite to the desired Hauptabstrahlraum out of phase with the sound signal of the at least one (main) speaker.
  • the sound amplitudes of the opposing phases in the opposite direction of the main radiation cancel each other out almost completely in the ideal case, resulting in an active sound attenuation in the respective emission direction.
  • the combination of such active damping measures with an additional passive damping is extremely effective and leads to good results.
  • the ANC principle can also advantageously be used in the main emission direction to improve the emission characteristic, ie to reduce undesired lateral crosstalk effects in single-station sonication.
  • the generation of the antiphase signal takes place as a function of a sound signal of the at least one first loudspeaker detected by a microphone and / or as a function of one by means of the audio processor conditioned signal for controlling the at least one first speaker.
  • the control of the further loudspeaker for generating the antiphase signal can be done adaptively with the aid of a microphone, by which the radiated sound signal of the (main) loudspeaker is detected. Although this procedure requires additional hardware, it is relatively easy and inexpensive to implement.
  • the actual emission conditions in the context of a closed "feedback" control circuit can be taken into account in the best possible way, since the microphone actually detects the sound actually emitted by the at least one (main) loudspeaker and generates an "error signal" based thereon into the regulation.
  • the control of the further loudspeaker for generating the mutual signal can also take place directly on the basis of the processed signal for controlling the at least one (main) loudspeaker, which then serves as a reference signal.
  • the emission characteristic or transfer function of the (main) loudspeaker is known, then preferably by means of the audio processor from the transmitted reference signal of the (main) loudspeaker in the context of a feedforward "control, ie without the use of the error signal, the active damping necessary "counter signal” can be calculated. Furthermore, it is also conceivable to operate the activation of the further loudspeaker by means of a combination of feedback and feedforward control, ie in dependence on the error signal output by the microphone and the conditioned reference signal for controlling the (main) loudspeaker, in order to achieve the most efficient possible to achieve active damping. The realization of the controller is conceivable both in analog and digital mode of operation.
  • the microphone is designed as an electrostatic surface microphone.
  • electrostatic loudspeakers can be exploited, that they can be operated relatively simply as a microphone, ie for the conversion of sound pressure into an electrical signal. If no signal voltage is actively applied to the porous layers of electrostatic loudspeakers, an incident sound wave leads to a deflection of the plastic layer, which results in a voltage change at the electrodes of the porous layers, which can be tapped off as signal voltage. Therefore, it is possible in a simple manner to operate the electrostatic speakers alternately as a microphone, for example for the hands-free or in-vehicle communication between different occupants. Thus opens up the possibility of using directional microphones in the limited interior of a motor vehicle due to the flat design of Elektrostaten.
  • the at least one loudspeaker and the at least one further loudspeaker are designed as electrostatic surface loudspeakers, wherein the one each is designed as a surface dipole and the other one as a surface monopole.
  • Electrostatic flat loudspeakers can be operated both as surface monopole and as surface dipole loudspeakers.
  • a surface dipole is to be understood as an area loudspeaker whose directional characteristic brings about a radiation of the sound which occurs in opposite directions perpendicular to the loudspeaker surface in both directions.
  • a surface monopole is to be understood as an area loudspeaker whose directional characteristic entails a radiation of the sound which is in phase in both directions perpendicular to the loudspeaker surface.
  • An area monopole can be produced, for example, by means of a so-called multilayer panel, which corresponds to an electrostatic area loudspeaker composed of several layers and membranes.
  • active damping by means of ANC it is particularly advantageous if in each case one of the two speakers used is designed as a surface dipole and the other one as a surface monopole.
  • the at least one loudspeaker can be used as a microphone and / or as an acoustic damping element.
  • the at least one loudspeaker can also be used as damping elements due to their flat design, the porous layers and the volume of air contained in them. This is particularly useful in the hinged on the headliner variant, when the speakers are in the folded up position.
  • the damping layer may be arranged on the front side of the area loudspeaker. In this case, depending on the attenuation, in the case of active radiation, frequency-dependent radiation is emitted to a greater extent in order to compensate the attenuation again.
  • the at least one second loudspeaker in the headrest can also be used for active sound field compensation.
  • microphones are arranged in the headrest, with which the sound field is recorded in the region of the headrest, in which case the second loudspeaker are driven accordingly to produce a destructive interference.
  • This local ANC is preferably carried out in the frequency range of 500-1000 Hz, more preferably in the range of 500-800 Hz. More preferably, in the ANC a transfer function between the microphone and ear position is taken into account so that the maximum destructive interference at the ear and not at Microphone takes place.
  • the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment.
  • the single figure shows a schematic block diagram of a loudspeaker arrangement.
  • the loudspeaker arrangement 1 comprises an audio processor 2, a crossover 3, an electrostatic surface loudspeaker 4 and two electrodynamic loudspeakers 5, 6, which are arranged in a headrest 7 of a motor vehicle seat 8.
  • the audio processor 2 transmits a stereo audio signal 9 to the crossover 3, where for each stereo channel a high-frequency part and low-frequency part are separated from each other.
  • the two high-frequency parts 10, 11 are each supplied to a segment or a number of segments of the electrostatic area loudspeaker 4.
  • the two low-frequency parts 12, 13 are each supplied to one of the electrodynamic loudspeakers 5, 6, wherein the electrical supply lines for this purpose are preferably guided by the linkage 14 of the headrest 7.
  • the amplitude of the high-frequency parts 10, 11 is sufficiently high, so that the electrostatic surface speaker 4 emits sound into the far-field field. Since the directional characteristic of the electrostatic flat panel loudspeakers is very good at high frequencies and can possibly be increased by further measures such as beamforming, the adjacent seats are hardly influenced.
  • the amplitude of the low-frequency parts 12, 13, however, is chosen so low that no sound is emitted, but only the medium mass is reciprocated. Due to the immediate proximity to the head of the vehicle occupant, the latter perceives the moving medium mass, whereas due to the suppressed sound radiation, the neighboring seats do not perceive this. By this combination, a very good directional vehicle seat sound is achieved over the entire frequency range. It should be noted that the audio signal 9 could of course also be a mono signal.
  • the adjustment of the amplitude for the low-frequency parts 12, 13 may be in the audio processor 2 and / or before, in or behind the crossover 3.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
EP07010104A 2006-06-13 2007-05-22 Dispositif de haut-parleur pour la sonorisation directionnelle d'un siège de véhicule automobile Ceased EP1868412A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006027618 2006-06-13
DE102006049543A DE102006049543A1 (de) 2006-06-13 2006-10-20 Lautsprecheranordnung zur gerichteten Beschallung eines Kraftfahrzeugsitzes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1868412A2 true EP1868412A2 (fr) 2007-12-19
EP1868412A3 EP1868412A3 (fr) 2011-03-16

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ID=38475910

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EP07010104A Ceased EP1868412A3 (fr) 2006-06-13 2007-05-22 Dispositif de haut-parleur pour la sonorisation directionnelle d'un siège de véhicule automobile

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1868412A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006049543A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3133831A1 (fr) * 2015-08-20 2017-02-22 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Système et méthode pour communication embarquée
DE102018125795A1 (de) 2018-10-17 2020-04-23 Christian Zimmerli Audio-System und Verfahren zur gezielten Beschallung einer auf einem Fahrzeugsitz sitzenden Person
CN111159945A (zh) * 2019-12-27 2020-05-15 哈尔滨工程大学 一种基于主辐射模态的水下圆柱壳低频声辐射预报方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008035181A1 (de) * 2008-06-26 2009-12-31 Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh Verfahren und System zur Reduzierung akustischer Störungen
DE102017200488A1 (de) 2016-07-13 2018-01-18 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Kompensationsmittel für ein lautsprechersystem und lautsprechersystem

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989011841A1 (fr) * 1988-06-07 1989-12-14 Noise Cancellation Technologies, Inc. Systeme d'attenuation de son pour siege individuel
WO1999056498A1 (fr) 1998-04-27 1999-11-04 Panphonics Oy Element acoustique
DE19938170A1 (de) 1999-08-16 2001-03-08 Daimler Chrysler Ag Kopfstütze für ein Fahrzeug
DE10036435C1 (de) * 2000-07-26 2001-09-20 Siemens Ag Aktives Geräuschunterdrückungssystem
DE102004048990A1 (de) 2004-10-04 2006-04-06 Volkswagen Ag Lautsprecheranordnung in einem Kraftfahrzeug

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19903393A1 (de) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-10 Harman Audio Electronic Sys Kraftfahrzeug mit elektroakustischer Anlage
DE102004008614A1 (de) * 2004-02-21 2005-09-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schallkompensation in einem Fahrzeug

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989011841A1 (fr) * 1988-06-07 1989-12-14 Noise Cancellation Technologies, Inc. Systeme d'attenuation de son pour siege individuel
WO1999056498A1 (fr) 1998-04-27 1999-11-04 Panphonics Oy Element acoustique
DE19938170A1 (de) 1999-08-16 2001-03-08 Daimler Chrysler Ag Kopfstütze für ein Fahrzeug
DE10036435C1 (de) * 2000-07-26 2001-09-20 Siemens Ag Aktives Geräuschunterdrückungssystem
DE102004048990A1 (de) 2004-10-04 2006-04-06 Volkswagen Ag Lautsprecheranordnung in einem Kraftfahrzeug

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3133831A1 (fr) * 2015-08-20 2017-02-22 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Système et méthode pour communication embarquée
DE102018125795A1 (de) 2018-10-17 2020-04-23 Christian Zimmerli Audio-System und Verfahren zur gezielten Beschallung einer auf einem Fahrzeugsitz sitzenden Person
CN111159945A (zh) * 2019-12-27 2020-05-15 哈尔滨工程大学 一种基于主辐射模态的水下圆柱壳低频声辐射预报方法
CN111159945B (zh) * 2019-12-27 2023-06-13 哈尔滨工程大学 一种基于主辐射模态的水下圆柱壳低频声辐射预报方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1868412A3 (fr) 2011-03-16
DE102006049543A1 (de) 2007-12-20

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