EP1254313B1 - Method for producing a sequence of high-voltage ignition sparks and high-voltage ignition device - Google Patents

Method for producing a sequence of high-voltage ignition sparks and high-voltage ignition device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1254313B1
EP1254313B1 EP01903597A EP01903597A EP1254313B1 EP 1254313 B1 EP1254313 B1 EP 1254313B1 EP 01903597 A EP01903597 A EP 01903597A EP 01903597 A EP01903597 A EP 01903597A EP 1254313 B1 EP1254313 B1 EP 1254313B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
energy store
spark
voltage
ignition energy
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP01903597A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1254313A2 (en
Inventor
Manfred Vogel
Werner Herden
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
    • F02P15/10—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits having continuous electric sparks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q3/00—Igniters using electrically-produced sparks
    • F23Q3/004—Using semiconductor elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for production a sequence of high voltage ignition pulses as well as a High-voltage ignition device according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • this measuring line can be used to measure the Spark current can be used. This results in an inexpensive and robust solution to the Control of the recharging process by the control unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a high-voltage ignition device 1, an ignition energy store 2, a control unit 3 and comprises a switching element 4.
  • the high voltage igniter 1 places on a spark gap 5 electrical energy for generating a high-voltage spark ready.
  • the spark gap 5 is formed on an ignition spark generating means 6, that should preferably be implemented as a spark plug can.
  • the ignition energy store 2 is in a preferred embodiment formed as an inductor, that is Ignition coil 7 realized that a primary winding 8th and has a secondary winding 9.
  • Ignition coil 7 realized that a primary winding 8th and has a secondary winding 9.
  • the ignition spark generating means 6 On the secondary winding 9 is the ignition spark generating means 6 connected, with another in this circuit Interference suppressor 10 and a so-called EFU diode 11 (switch-on spark suppression) arranged are, the anode with the spark gap 5 and their Cathode are connected to the secondary winding 9.
  • EFU diode 11 switch-on spark suppression
  • the primary winding 8 has one winding end at a supply voltage U B , which is, for example, the battery voltage of an on-board battery of a motor vehicle.
  • U B a supply voltage
  • the other winding end of the primary winding 8 can be connected to ground via the switching element 4.
  • the supply circuit for the primary winding 8 is opened or closed.
  • the switching element 4 is closed, the ignition energy store 2 is charged. After the ignition energy store 2 has been charged, the stored ignition energy is dissipated via the spark gap 5 by opening the switching element 4 and the ignition energy store 2 is thereby discharged.
  • the control device 3 has a voltage measurement input 14, which is connected to a voltage tap 15, which is located in the primary-side circuit between the primary coil 8 and the switching element 4, in order to be able to measure the so-called clear timer voltage of the ignition energy store 2. Furthermore, the control device 3 has a current measurement input 16, which is connected to a current tap 17 of the switching element 4. The primary current I P is measured via this current measurement input 16, at least during the charging process of the ignition energy store 2. In addition, the control unit 3 includes a determination device 19 which determines the state of charge of the energy store 2 at least during the generation of ignition sparks.
  • the determination device has a current measurement input 20, which is connected to a winding end of the secondary winding 9, so that the spark current I F can be measured during the ignition spark generation.
  • a measuring resistor 21, also referred to as a shunt is connected to the connecting line between the current measuring input 20 and the secondary winding 9 with its one connection, the other connection of the measuring resistor 21 being connected to ground 18.
  • control unit 3 has a control input 22, to which a standing voltage U E can be applied, which can be output by a switching device.
  • the mode of operation of the high-voltage ignition device 1 is explained below on the basis of FIGS. 1 and 2a to 2c: when the control input 22 is activated, the control voltage U E is present for a period of time t 0 to t E (FIG. 2c). Thereupon the control device 3 controls the switching element 4, so that the supply circuit for the primary winding 8 is closed and the primary current I P increases from the time t 0 .
  • the current I P changes depending on the state of charge of the ignition energy store 2.
  • the switching element 4 When a predeterminable value I P, IGNITION is reached at the time t 1 , the switching element 4 is opened again via the control unit 3, so that the subsequent discharge process of the ignition energy store 2 generates the spark current I F ( Figure 2b) at time t 1 rises, whereupon the ignition spark on the spark gap 5 burns. By progressive discharge of ignition energy 2 of the spark current I F decreases.
  • a predeterminable trigger value I TR of the spark current I F which is detected by the determination device 19, is reached, the switching element 4 is closed again via the control unit 3 and a recharging process of the ignition energy store 2 is started at time t 2 .
  • the charging process is carried out again until the specific value I P, IGNITION for the primary current is reached at time t 3 , whereupon the switching element 4 is opened again via the control unit 3, so that a subsequent ignition spark at the spark gap 5 at the time t 3 by the discharging process ignites that burns until the spark current I F has dropped back to the trigger value I TR at time t 4 , whereupon the switching element 4 is closed again and a further charging process of the ignition energy store is carried out until the value of the primary current I P again Value I P, IGNITION reached at time t 5 .
  • the ignition store 2 is discharged again, which in turn generates an ignition spark at the time t 5 on the spark gap 5.
  • control voltage U E is no longer present at the control input 22 at the time t E , so that the control unit 3 does not close the switching element 4 again and the ignition spark burns out completely. It is thus readily apparent that, depending on the activation time t 0 to t E, an initial spark can be generated at time t 1 , at least one or more subsequent sparks can be generated in time period t 2 to t 4 and a final ignition spark is generated at time t 5 , which burns out can.
  • the switching element 4 for a charging process of the ignition energy storage device 2 is only closed when the ignition spark current I F triggers the trigger value I TR for a specific one Time period, for example 20 ⁇ s to 80 ⁇ s, falls short, so that current peaks are virtually filtered out and are not taken into account when driving the switching element 4.
  • the trigger value I TR is less than the maximum current I F, max and can be, for example, 0.3 to 0.7 times the maximum ignition current I F, max .
  • This trigger value I TR can therefore be varied, preferably as a function of at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine.
  • the speed and / or the load of the internal combustion engine can be used for this.
  • a characteristic curve field is available which contains several characteristic curves, so that the trigger value I TR can be selected as a function of these operating core lines of the internal combustion engine. Changing the trigger value I TR also changes the duration of a single spark, so the number of sparks for a spark sequence can be changed.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a high-voltage ignition device 1, in which the determination device 19 is embodied in a switching unit 27 connected upstream of the control unit 3, which includes a switching unit 28, which is connected on the output side to the control input 22 of the control unit 3 and the control voltage U E provides for the control unit 3.
  • the control voltage U E is provided in a pulse-like manner in accordance with FIG. 4a, specifically as a function of the spark current I F. If this spark current I F reaches the trigger value I TR (FIG. 4c), a control voltage pulse U E is again applied to the control input 22, so that the control unit 3 closes the switching element 4 until the primary current I P has the ignition value I P, IGNITION (FIG.
  • the current measurement input 20 is tapped between a Zener diode 29 and the measuring resistor 21, the Zener diode 29 being switched in the forward direction for the spark current I F.
  • the connecting line between the secondary winding 9 and the Zener diode 29 is passed on to an ion current measuring device 30, with which the ion current in the combustion chamber can be measured during spark breaks, for example in order to be able to assess the knocking behavior of the internal combustion engine.
  • the same or equivalent parts in FIGS. 3 and 4 as in FIGS. 1 and 2 are provided with the same reference numerals. In this respect, reference is made to their description.
  • the adjustment of the discharge time of the ignition energy storage can also meet the conditions in the secondary circuit of the ignition energy storage 2 and the ignition spark generating means 6 can be adjusted so that also tolerances of resistors 12, 10 and 13 in Secondary circuit can be compensated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Folge von Hochspannungszündimpulsen sowie eine Hochspannungszündvorrichtung gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 8.The invention relates to a method for production a sequence of high voltage ignition pulses as well as a High-voltage ignition device according to the preamble of claim 8.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Im Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Hochspannungs-Zündvorrichtungen bekannt. Neben der induktiven Zündung sind außerdem kapazitive Zündsysteme sowie Wechselstrom-Zündsysteme bekannt. Ferner sind im Stand der Technik Zündsysteme bekannt geworden, bei denen eine Folge von Hochspannungszündfunken erzeugt wird. Die auch als Doppelzündung bekannte Vorrichtung erzeugt während eines Verbrennungsvorganges in einem Zylinder mehrere Zündfunken, um die Verbrennung zu verbessern. Hierfür sind beispielsweise Zündsysteme bekannt, die mehrere Zündenergiespeicher, beispielsweise Zündspulen, aufweisen. Die Zündfunkenfolge wird im Stand der Technik zeitgesteuert, wobei diese Zeitsteuerung per Software und/oder Hardware mittels eines Steuergeräts erfolgt. Nachteilig bei den bekannten Mehrfachfunkensystemen ist, dass die Zeit zwischen einem Auf- und Entladevorgang des Zündspeichers relativ lange ist. Außerdem ist bei Zündsystemen mit mehreren Zündenergiespeichern ein erhöhter Materialaufwand erforderlich.Various high-voltage ignition devices are in the prior art known. In addition to the inductive Ignition is also a capacitive ignition system as well as AC ignition systems are known. Furthermore are ignition systems have become known in the prior art, in which a sequence of high voltage ignition sparks is produced. The also known as double ignition Device generated during a combustion process several ignition sparks in a cylinder to the To improve combustion. For this are, for example Ignition systems known, the multiple ignition energy storage, for example, ignition coils. The Ignition spark sequence is time-controlled in the prior art, this time control via software and / or hardware by means of a control unit. A disadvantage of the known multiple radio systems is that the time between a rise and Discharge of the ignition storage is relatively long. In addition, ignition systems with multiple ignition energy stores an increased cost of materials is required.

Eine bekannte Vorrichtung ist in US 5488940 beschrieben.A known device is described in US 5488940.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Mit dem Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Folge von Hochspannungszündimpulsen, das die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 aufweist, und mit der Hochspannungs-Zündvorrichtung, die die Merkmale des Anspruchs 8 besitzt, ist es in vorteilhafter Weise möglich, die Zeit zwischen einem Entlade- und Aufladevorgang eines Zündenergiespeichers zu verkürzen. Dadurch ist es möglich, während eines Verbrennungsvorganges mehrere Hochspannungszündfunken bereitzustellen. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, aufgrund der Erhöhung der Anzahl der Zündfunken, die Kapazität des Zündenergiespeichers zu reduzieren, also beispielsweise eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verkleinerte Zündspule zu verwenden. Im wesentlichen wird die Verkürzung der Wiederaufladezeit des Zündenergiespeichers dadurch erreicht, dass dieser vor seiner vollständigen Entladung wieder aufgeladen wird. Es verbleibt also unabhängig von Parameteränderungen, wie beispielsweise der Zündspannung, der Brennspannung des Zündfunkens, der Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine, des Verhältnisses des Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemisches, der Batteriespannungssituation oder dergleichen, eine Restzündenergie im Zündenergiespeicher, so dass der Wiederaufladevorgang verkürzt ist, worauf der Folgefunken mit einem wesentlich geringeren Zeitabstand zum Erstfunken erzeugt werden kann. With the process of generating a sequence of High voltage ignition pulses, which are the features of the claim 1, and with the high-voltage ignition device, having the features of claim 8 owns, it is advantageously possible that Time between discharging and charging one Shorten the ignition energy storage. This is it is possible during a combustion process to provide multiple high voltage ignition sparks. It is also possible due to the increase in Number of ignition sparks, the capacity of the ignition energy storage to reduce, for example one smaller compared to the prior art Ignition coil to use. Essentially, the Shorten the recharge time of the ignition energy storage achieved by this before his fully discharged. It therefore remains independent of parameter changes, such as the ignition voltage, the burning voltage the spark, the speed of the internal combustion engine, the ratio of the air-fuel mixture, the battery voltage situation or the like, a residual ignition energy in the ignition energy storage, so that the recharging process is shortened is what the subsequent spark with an essential shorter time interval to the first spark are generated can.

Um eine vollständige Entladung des Zündenergiespeichers auf einfach Art und Weise verhindern zu können, ist in einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass -während der Zündfunken brennt- der Zündfunkenstrom gemessen und bei Unterschreiten eines festlegbaren Wertes des Zündfunkenstromes der Wiederaufladevorgang des Zündenergiespeichers gestartet wird. Um unkontrollierte Wiederzündung am Zündfunkenerzeugungsmittel auszuschließen, die beispielsweise durch Stromspitzen des Zündfunkenstromes hervorgerufen werden kann, ist in besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsform vorgesehen, dass der Wiederaufladevorgang des Zündenergiespeichers erst dann gestartet wird, wenn der Zündfunkenstrom den festlegbaren Wert für einen vorgegebenen Zeitraum unterschritten hat. Damit wird jedoch auch eine Mindestfunkendauer gewährleistet, die für die Zündung des Luft-Kraftstoffgemisches im Brennraum erforderlich ist. Da das Wiedereinschalten also erst bei Unterschreiten des Zündfunkenstroms unter den festlegbaren Wert erfolgt, wird aber auch die kurze Wiederaufladezeit des Zündfunkenspeichers erreicht, da Restzündenergie im Speicher vorhanden ist.To completely discharge the ignition energy storage to be able to easily prevent is provided in a further development of the invention, that - while the spark is burning - Ignition spark current measured and when falling below a definable value of the spark current of the Recharge process of the ignition energy storage started becomes. For uncontrolled reignition on Exclude spark generating means, for example due to current peaks in the ignition spark current is particularly preferred Embodiment provided that the recharging process of the ignition energy store first is then started when the spark current reaches the definable value for a given period has fallen below. However, this also becomes one Guaranteed minimum spark duration for the ignition of the air-fuel mixture required in the combustion chamber is. Since switching on again if the spark current falls below the definable value takes place, but will also be the short Recharge time of the ignition spark memory reached, because there is residual ignition energy in the memory.

Ist eine Messleitung von dem Zündenergiespeicher zu einem Steuergerät für eine Ionenstrommessung vorhanden, so kann diese Messleitung zur Messung des Zündfunkenstroms verwendet werden. Dadurch ergibt sich eine kostengünstige und robuste Lösung der Steuerung des Wiederaufladevorgangs durch das Steuergerät.Is a test lead from the ignition energy storage too a control unit for an ion current measurement, this measuring line can be used to measure the Spark current can be used. This results in an inexpensive and robust solution to the Control of the recharging process by the control unit.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. Further advantageous configurations result from the subclaims.

Zeichnungdrawing

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen mit Bezug auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hochspannungs-Zündvorrichtung,
Figur 2
über der Zeit aufgetragen den Ladestrom eines Zündenergiespeichers der Hochspannungszündvorrichtung, den Zündfunkenstrom sowie eine Steuerspannung,
Figur 3
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hochspannungs-Zündvorrichtung, und
Figur 4
die zur Hochspannungs-Zündvorrichtung nach Figur 3 zugehörigen Strom- und Spannungsverläufe über der Zeit.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Figure 1
a first embodiment of a high-voltage ignition device,
Figure 2
plotted against time the charging current of an ignition energy store of the high-voltage ignition device, the ignition spark current and a control voltage,
Figure 3
a second embodiment of a high-voltage ignition device, and
Figure 4
the current and voltage curves associated with the high-voltage ignition device according to FIG. 3 over time.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Figur 1 zeigt eine Hochspannungs-Zündvorrichtung 1, die einen Zündenergiespeicher 2, ein Steuergerät 3 und ein Schaltelement 4 umfasst. Die Hochspannungs-Zündvorrichtung 1 stellt an einer Funkenstrecke 5 elektrische Energie zur Erzeugung eines Hochspannungs-Zündfunkens bereit. Die Funkenstrecke 5 ist an einem Zündfunkenerzeugungsmittel 6 ausgebildet, das vorzugsweise als Zündkerze realisiert sein kann. FIG. 1 shows a high-voltage ignition device 1, an ignition energy store 2, a control unit 3 and comprises a switching element 4. The high voltage igniter 1 places on a spark gap 5 electrical energy for generating a high-voltage spark ready. The spark gap 5 is formed on an ignition spark generating means 6, that should preferably be implemented as a spark plug can.

Der Zündenergiespeicher 2 ist in bevorzugter Ausführungsform als Induktivität ausgebildet, also als Zündspule 7 realisiert, die eine Primärwicklung 8 und eine Sekundärwicklung 9 besitzt. An der Sekundärwicklung 9 ist das Zündfunkenerzeugungsmittel 6 angeschlossen, wobei in diesem Stromkreis noch ein Entstörwiderstand 10 und eine sogenannte EFU-Diode 11 (Einschalt-Funken-Unterdrückung) angeordnet sind, deren Anode mit der Funkenstrecke 5 und deren Kathode mit der Sekundärwicklung 9 verbunden sind. Ferner sind in diesem Stromkreis noch der Abbrandwiderstand 12 des Zündfunkenerzeugungsmittels und der Widerstand 13 des Zündenergiespeichers 2 eingezeichnet. Mit ihrem einen Wicklungsende ist die Sekundärwicklung 9 also mit der Funkenstrecke 5 und mit ihrem anderen Wicklungsende mit dem Steuergerät 3 verbunden.The ignition energy store 2 is in a preferred embodiment formed as an inductor, that is Ignition coil 7 realized that a primary winding 8th and has a secondary winding 9. On the secondary winding 9 is the ignition spark generating means 6 connected, with another in this circuit Interference suppressor 10 and a so-called EFU diode 11 (switch-on spark suppression) arranged are, the anode with the spark gap 5 and their Cathode are connected to the secondary winding 9. Furthermore, there is also the erosion resistance in this circuit 12 of the spark generating means and the resistor 13 of the ignition energy storage 2 is shown. With one end of the winding is the secondary winding 9 with the spark gap 5 and with its other winding end with the control unit 3 connected.

Die Primärwicklung 8 liegt mit ihrem einen Wicklungsende an einer Versorgungsspannung UB, die beispielsweise die Batteriespannung einer Bordbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs ist. Das andere Wicklungsende der Primärwicklung 8 ist über das Schaltelement 4 auf Masse legbar. Je nachdem, wie das Schaltelement 4 von dem Steuergerät 3 über einen Ansteuerausgang 4' angesteuert wird, ist also der Versorgungsstromkreis für die Primärwicklung 8 geöffnet oder geschlossen. Bei geschlossenem Schaltelement 4 wird der Zündenergiespeicher 2 geladen. Nach erfolgter Aufladung des Zündenergiespeichers 2 wird durch Öffnen des Schaltelements 4 die gespeicherte Zündenergie über die Funkenstrecke 5 abgebaut und der Zündenergiespeicher 2 dadurch entladen. The primary winding 8 has one winding end at a supply voltage U B , which is, for example, the battery voltage of an on-board battery of a motor vehicle. The other winding end of the primary winding 8 can be connected to ground via the switching element 4. Depending on how the switching element 4 is controlled by the control unit 3 via a control output 4 ', the supply circuit for the primary winding 8 is opened or closed. When the switching element 4 is closed, the ignition energy store 2 is charged. After the ignition energy store 2 has been charged, the stored ignition energy is dissipated via the spark gap 5 by opening the switching element 4 and the ignition energy store 2 is thereby discharged.

Das Steuergerät 3 weist einen Spannungsmesseingang 14 auf, der mit einem Spannungsabgriff 15 verbunden ist, der im primärseitigen Stromkreis zwischen der Primärspule 8 und dem Schaltelement 4 liegt, um die sogenannte Klarimerspannung des Zündenergiespeichers 2 messen zu können. Ferner weist das Steuergerät 3 einen Strommesseingang 16 auf, der mit einem Stromabgriff 17 des Schaltelements 4 verbunden ist. Über diesen Strommesseingang 16 wird der Primärstrom IP gemessen, und zwar zumindest während des Ladevorgangs des Zündenergiespeichers 2. Außerdem umfasst das Steuergerät 3 eine Ermittlungseinrichtung 19, die den Ladezustand des Energiespeichers 2 zumindest während der Zündfunkenerzeugung ermittelt. Hierzu weist die Ermittlungseinrichtung in bevorzugter Ausführungsform einen Strommesseingang 20 auf, der mit einem Wicklungsende der Sekundärwicklung 9 verbunden ist, so dass während der Zündfunkenerzeugung der Funkenstrom IF gemessen werden kann. Um dies einfach und leicht ausführen zu können, ist ein auch als Shunt bezeichneter Messwiderstand 21 an die Verbindungsleitung zwischen Strommesseingang 20 und Sekundärwicklung 9 mit seinem einen Anschluss angeschlossen, wobei der andere Anschluss des Messwiderstands 21 zur Masse 18 geführt ist. Schließlich weist das Steuergerät 3 einen Steuereingang 22 auf, an den eine Steherspannung UE angelegt werden kann, die von einem Schaltgerät ausgegeben werden kann.The control device 3 has a voltage measurement input 14, which is connected to a voltage tap 15, which is located in the primary-side circuit between the primary coil 8 and the switching element 4, in order to be able to measure the so-called clear timer voltage of the ignition energy store 2. Furthermore, the control device 3 has a current measurement input 16, which is connected to a current tap 17 of the switching element 4. The primary current I P is measured via this current measurement input 16, at least during the charging process of the ignition energy store 2. In addition, the control unit 3 includes a determination device 19 which determines the state of charge of the energy store 2 at least during the generation of ignition sparks. For this purpose, in a preferred embodiment, the determination device has a current measurement input 20, which is connected to a winding end of the secondary winding 9, so that the spark current I F can be measured during the ignition spark generation. In order to be able to do this simply and easily, a measuring resistor 21, also referred to as a shunt, is connected to the connecting line between the current measuring input 20 and the secondary winding 9 with its one connection, the other connection of the measuring resistor 21 being connected to ground 18. Finally, control unit 3 has a control input 22, to which a standing voltage U E can be applied, which can be output by a switching device.

Anhand der Figuren 1 und 2a bis 2c wird im Folgenden ' die Funktionsweise der Hochspannungs-Zündvorrichtung 1 erläutert: Bei aktiviertem Steuereingang 22 liegt die Steuerspannung UE in einem Zeitraum t0 bis tE an (Figur 2c). Daraufhin steuert das Steuergerät 3 das Schaltelement 4 an, so dass der Versorgungsstromkreis für die Primärwicklung 8 geschlossen ist und der Primärstrom IP ab dem Zeitpunkt t0 ansteigt. Der Strom IP ändert sich in Abhängigkeit des Ladezustands des Zündenergiespeichers 2. Bei Erreichen eines vorgebbaren Wertes IP,ZÜND zum Zeitpunkt t1 wird das Schaltelement 4 über das Steuergerät 3 wieder geöffnet, so dass der anschließende Entladevorgang des Zündenergiespeichers 2 den Funkenstrom IF (Figur 2b) zum Zeitpunkt t1 ansteigen lässt, worauf der Zündfunke an der Funkenstrecke 5 brennt. Durch fortschreitende Entladung des Zündenergiespeichers 2 nimmt der Funkenstrom IF ab. Bei Erreichen eines vorgebbaren Triggerwertes ITR des Funkenstroms IF, der durch die Ermittlungseinrichtung 19 erfasst wird, wird das Schaltelement 4 über das Steuergerät 3 wieder geschlossen und ein Wiederaufladevorgang des Zündenergiespeichers 2 zum Zeitpunkt t2 gestartet. Der Ladevorgang wird wieder bis zum Erreichen des bestimmten Wertes IP,ZÜND für den Primärstrom zum Zeitpunkt t3 durchgeführt, worauf das Schaltelement 4 über das Steuergerät 3 wieder geöffnet wird, so dass durch den Entladevorgang ein Folgezündfunken an der Funkenstrecke 5 zum Zeitpunkt t3 zündet, der so lange brennt, bis der Zündfunkenstrom IF wieder auf den Triggerwert ITR zum Zeitpunkt t4 abgefallen ist, woraufhin das Schaltelement 4 wieder geschlossen wird und ein weiterer Ladevorgang des Zündenergiespeichers durchgeführt wird, bis der Wert des Primärstrom IP wieder den Wert IP,ZÜND zum Zeitpunkt t5 erreicht. Durch nochmaliges Öffnen des Schaltelements 4 erfolgt wieder ein Entladevorgang des Zündspeichers 2, der wiederum ein Zündfunken zum Zeitpunkt t5 an der Funkenstrecke 5 erzeugt. Die Ansteuerspannung UE liegt jedoch zum Zeitpunkt tE nicht mehr am Steuereingang 22 an, so dass das Steuergerät 3 das Schaltelement 4 nicht wieder schließt und der Zündfunken vollständig ausbrennt. Ohne weiteres zeigt sich also, dass je nach Ansteuerdauer t0 bis tE zum Zeitpunkt t1 ein Erstfunken, im Zeitraum t2 bis t4 zumindest ein oder auch mehrere Folgefunken erzeugt werden können und zum Zeitpunkt t5 ein Abschlusszündfunke erzeugt wird, der ausbrennen kann.The mode of operation of the high-voltage ignition device 1 is explained below on the basis of FIGS. 1 and 2a to 2c: when the control input 22 is activated, the control voltage U E is present for a period of time t 0 to t E (FIG. 2c). Thereupon the control device 3 controls the switching element 4, so that the supply circuit for the primary winding 8 is closed and the primary current I P increases from the time t 0 . The current I P changes depending on the state of charge of the ignition energy store 2. When a predeterminable value I P, IGNITION is reached at the time t 1 , the switching element 4 is opened again via the control unit 3, so that the subsequent discharge process of the ignition energy store 2 generates the spark current I F (Figure 2b) at time t 1 rises, whereupon the ignition spark on the spark gap 5 burns. By progressive discharge of ignition energy 2 of the spark current I F decreases. When a predeterminable trigger value I TR of the spark current I F , which is detected by the determination device 19, is reached, the switching element 4 is closed again via the control unit 3 and a recharging process of the ignition energy store 2 is started at time t 2 . The charging process is carried out again until the specific value I P, IGNITION for the primary current is reached at time t 3 , whereupon the switching element 4 is opened again via the control unit 3, so that a subsequent ignition spark at the spark gap 5 at the time t 3 by the discharging process ignites that burns until the spark current I F has dropped back to the trigger value I TR at time t 4 , whereupon the switching element 4 is closed again and a further charging process of the ignition energy store is carried out until the value of the primary current I P again Value I P, IGNITION reached at time t 5 . By opening the switching element 4 again, the ignition store 2 is discharged again, which in turn generates an ignition spark at the time t 5 on the spark gap 5. However, the control voltage U E is no longer present at the control input 22 at the time t E , so that the control unit 3 does not close the switching element 4 again and the ignition spark burns out completely. It is thus readily apparent that, depending on the activation time t 0 to t E, an initial spark can be generated at time t 1 , at least one or more subsequent sparks can be generated in time period t 2 to t 4 and a final ignition spark is generated at time t 5 , which burns out can.

Um zwischen zwei Zündfunken, beispielsweise im Zeitraum t2 bis t3, ein unkontrolliertes Laden beziehungsweise Entladen des Zündenergiespeichers zu verhindern, wird das Schaltelement 4 für einen Ladevorgang des Zündenergiespeichers 2 erst dann geschlossen, wenn der Zündfunkenstrom IF den Triggerwert ITR für einen bestimmten Zeitraum, beispielsweise 20µs bis 80µs, unterschreitet, so dass Stromspitzen quasi ausgefiltert werden und bei der Ansteuerung des Schaltelements 4 nicht berücksichtigt werden. Der Triggerwert ITR ist geringer als der Maximalstrom IF,max und kann beispielsweise das 0,3 bis 0,7-fache des maximalen Zündstroms IF,max betragen. Dieser Triggerwert ITR ist also variierbar, und zwar vorzugsweise in Abhängigkeit zumindest eines Betriebsparameters der Brennkraftmaschine. Hierfür können beispielsweise die Drehzahl und/oder die Last der Brennkraftmaschine dienen. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass ein Kennlinienfeld verfügbar ist, in dem mehrere Kennlinien enthalten sind, so dass in Abhängigkeit dieser Betriebskerinlinien der Brennkraftmaschine der Triggerwert ITR gewählt werden kann. Durch Ändern des Triggerwerts ITR ändert sich auch die Dauer eines Einzelfunkens, somit kann die Funkenanzahl für eine Funkenfolge geändert werden.In order to prevent an uncontrolled charging or discharging of the ignition energy storage device between two ignition sparks, for example in the period t 2 to t 3 , the switching element 4 for a charging process of the ignition energy storage device 2 is only closed when the ignition spark current I F triggers the trigger value I TR for a specific one Time period, for example 20µs to 80µs, falls short, so that current peaks are virtually filtered out and are not taken into account when driving the switching element 4. The trigger value I TR is less than the maximum current I F, max and can be, for example, 0.3 to 0.7 times the maximum ignition current I F, max . This trigger value I TR can therefore be varied, preferably as a function of at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine. For example, the speed and / or the load of the internal combustion engine can be used for this. In particular, it is provided that a characteristic curve field is available which contains several characteristic curves, so that the trigger value I TR can be selected as a function of these operating core lines of the internal combustion engine. Changing the trigger value I TR also changes the duration of a single spark, so the number of sparks for a spark sequence can be changed.

Aus Figur 1 geht noch hervor, dass sowohl das Steuergerät 3 und der Messwiderstand 21 als auch das Schaltelement 4, das insbesondere als Leistungsschalter ausgebildet ist, als Einheit 3' auf einem Halbleitersubstrat kostengünstig hergestellt werden können, so dass lediglich vier Anschlüsse 23 bis 26 aus einem dieses Substrat aufnehmenden Gehäuse herausgeführt werden müssen. Selbstverständlich können das Steuergerät 3, der Messwiderstand 21 und das Schaltelement 4 als separate Bauelemente ausgebildet sein, die jedoch auch in einem einzigen Gehäuse angeordnet sein können, das die Anschlüsse 23 bis 26 aufweist.From Figure 1 it can still be seen that both the control unit 3 and the measuring resistor 21 as well Switching element 4, in particular as a circuit breaker is designed as a unit 3 'on a Semiconductor substrate can be produced inexpensively can, so that only four connections 23 to 26 led out of a housing receiving this substrate Need to become. Of course you can the control unit 3, the measuring resistor 21 and that Switching element 4 designed as separate components be, however, also in a single housing can be arranged that the connections 23 to 26 has.

Figur 3 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hochspannungs-Zündvorrichtung 1, bei der die Ermittlungseinrichtung 19 in einer dem Steuergerät 3 vorgeschalteten Schalteinheit 27 ausgebildet ist, die ein Schaltgerät 28 umfasst, das ausgangsseitig mit dem Steuereingang 22 des Steuergeräts 3 verbunden ist und die Steuerspannung UE für das Steuergerät 3 bereitstellt. Die Steuerspannung UE wird gemäß Figur 4a impulsartig bereitgestellt, und zwar in Abhängigkeit des Funkenstroms IF. Erreicht dieser Funkenstrom IF den Triggerwert ITR (Figur 4c), wird wieder ein Steuerspannungsimpuls UE auf den Steuereingang 22 gegeben, so dass das Steuergerät 3 das Schaltelement 4 schließt, bis der Primärstrom IP den Zündwert IP,ZÜND (Figur 4b) erreicht, worauf das Schaltelement 4 wieder geöffnet wird, so dass durch Entladen des Zündenergiespeichers 2 wieder ein Funke an der Funkenstrecke 5 bereitgestellt werden kann. Vorteilhaft bei dieser Bereitstellung der Steuerspannung UE ist, dass aus dem Gehäuse, das die Einheit 3' aufnimmt, die das Steuergerät 3 und das Schaltelement 4 aufweist, lediglich drei Anschlüsse 23, 24 und 25 herausgeführt werden müssen.FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a high-voltage ignition device 1, in which the determination device 19 is embodied in a switching unit 27 connected upstream of the control unit 3, which includes a switching unit 28, which is connected on the output side to the control input 22 of the control unit 3 and the control voltage U E provides for the control unit 3. The control voltage U E is provided in a pulse-like manner in accordance with FIG. 4a, specifically as a function of the spark current I F. If this spark current I F reaches the trigger value I TR (FIG. 4c), a control voltage pulse U E is again applied to the control input 22, so that the control unit 3 closes the switching element 4 until the primary current I P has the ignition value I P, IGNITION (FIG. 4b ) is reached, whereupon the switching element 4 is opened again, so that a spark can again be provided on the spark gap 5 by discharging the ignition energy store 2. It is advantageous with this provision of the control voltage U E that only three connections 23, 24 and 25 have to be led out of the housing which accommodates the unit 3 ′ which has the control device 3 and the switching element 4.

Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel der Hochspannungs-Zündvorrichtung 1 gemäß Figur 3 ist der Strommesseingang 20 zwischen einer Zenerdiode 29 und dem Messwiderstand 21 abgegriffen, wobei die Zenerdiode 29 für den Funkenstrom IF in Durchlassrichtung geschaltet ist. Die Verbindungsleitung zwischen Sekundärwicklung 9 und der Zenerdiode 29 wird weitergeführt zu einer Ionenstrommesseinrichtung 30, mit der in Zündfunkenpausen der Ionenstrom in. dem Brennraum gemessen werden kann, um beispielsweise das Klopfverhalten der Brennkraftmaschine beurteilen zu können. Im übrigen sind in den Figuren 3 und 4 gleiche beziehungsweise gleich wirkende Teile wie in den Figuren 1 und 2 mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen. Insofern wird auf deren Beschreibung verwiesen.In this exemplary embodiment of the high-voltage ignition device 1 according to FIG. 3, the current measurement input 20 is tapped between a Zener diode 29 and the measuring resistor 21, the Zener diode 29 being switched in the forward direction for the spark current I F. The connecting line between the secondary winding 9 and the Zener diode 29 is passed on to an ion current measuring device 30, with which the ion current in the combustion chamber can be measured during spark breaks, for example in order to be able to assess the knocking behavior of the internal combustion engine. Otherwise, the same or equivalent parts in FIGS. 3 and 4 as in FIGS. 1 and 2 are provided with the same reference numerals. In this respect, reference is made to their description.

Mit der Hochspannungs-Zündvorrichtung 1 wird also ein mehrfaches Auf- und Entladen des Zündenergiespeichers 2 realisiert, wobei zur Reduzierung der Pausewzeiten zwischen zwei Zündfunken die Ladezeit gegenüber bekannten Systemen zum Wiederaufladen des Zündenergiespeichers 2 wesentlich verkürzt ist, da immer Restenergie im Zündenergiespeicher 2 verbleibt. Es können somit kostengünstige Zündenergiespeicher, insbesondere Spulen, verwendet werden, deren Primärenergie < 100mJ ist. Durch Änderung des Triggerwertes ITR für den Funkenstrom und Änderung des Abschaltstromes IP,ZÜND kann außerdem eine Anpassung an die jeweilige Versorgungsspannungshöhe, insbesondere Ladesituation der Bordbatterie, erreicht werden. Außerdem kann die Dauer einer Funkenfolge beziehungsweise die Funkenanzahl während einer Funkenfolge variiert werden.With the high-voltage ignition device 1, multiple charging and discharging of the ignition energy store 2 is thus realized, the charging time being significantly reduced compared to known systems for recharging the ignition energy store 2 in order to reduce the pause times between two ignition sparks, since residual energy always remains in the ignition energy store 2. Inexpensive ignition energy stores, in particular coils, whose primary energy is <100 mJ can thus be used. By changing the trigger value I TR for the spark current and changing the switch-off current I P, ZÜND , an adaptation to the respective supply voltage level, in particular the charging situation of the on-board battery, can also be achieved. In addition, the duration of a spark sequence or the number of sparks during a spark sequence can be varied.

Die Anpassung der Entladezeit des Zündenergiespeichers kann außerdem an die Bedingungen im Sekundärkreis des Zündenergiespeichers 2 und des Zündfunkenerzeugungsmittels 6 angepasst werden, so dass auch Toleranzen der Widerstände 12, 10 und 13 im Sekundärkreis kompensiert werden können.The adjustment of the discharge time of the ignition energy storage can also meet the conditions in the secondary circuit of the ignition energy storage 2 and the ignition spark generating means 6 can be adjusted so that also tolerances of resistors 12, 10 and 13 in Secondary circuit can be compensated.

Claims (12)

  1. Method for producing a sequence of high-voltage ignition sparks, in which
    an ignition energy store (2) is charged to a state of charge (IP, IGNITION) which can be defined,
    an ignition spark is produced by discharging the ignition energy store (2) at an ignition spark production means (6) which is connected to the ignition energy store (2),
    a process is started in order to recharge the ignition energy store (2) before the ignition energy store (2) is completely discharged,
    a further ignition spark is produced at the ignition spark production means (6) by discharging the ignition energy store (2),
    and the ignition spark current (IF) is measured during the production of the ignition spark, and the process for recharging the ignition energy store (2) is started if the ignition spark current (IF) is less than a value (ITR) which can be defined.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the process for recharging the ignition energy store (2) is started if the ignition spark current (IF) has been less than the value (ITR), which can be defined, for a time period which can be predetermined.
  3. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that at least one charging process and one recharging process and one complete discharging process of the ignition energy store (2) take place within one combustion cycle.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of recharging processes within one combustion cycle is determined as a function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an ion current measurement is carried out during an ignition spark pause, and in that the starting time of the process of recharging the ignition energy store (2) is chosen as a function of the parameters determined from the ion current measurement.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trigger value (ITR) for the ignition spark current (IF) can be varied as a function of at least one operating parameter, in particular the rotation speed and/or the load, of the internal combustion engine.
  7. High-voltage ignition apparatus for producing a spark sequence, having an ignition energy store, a switching element for the ignition energy store which connects an energy supply device to the ignition energy store and disconnects it, and a control device for driving the switching element, characterized by a device (19) for determining the state of charge (IP,IGNITION) of the ignition energy store (2), with the control device (3) closing the switching element (4) again when the state of charge of the ignition energy store (2) is less than a value which can be predetermined, and opening the switching element (4) again when a state of charge which can be predetermined is once again reached, with the determination device (19) being a current measurement device for the spark current (IF).
  8. High-voltage ignition apparatus according to Claim 7, characterized in that the ignition energy store (2) is an inductance.
  9. High-voltage ignition apparatus according to one of Claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the control device (3) has the determination device (19).
  10. High-voltage ignition apparatus according to Claim 7, characterized in that the switching element (4) is a semiconductor switching element.
  11. High-voltage ignition apparatus according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the semiconductor switching element and the control device (3) are arranged on a common substrate.
  12. High-voltage ignition apparatus according to one of the preceding Claims 7 to 11, characterized by an ion current measurement device (30).
EP01903597A 2000-01-26 2001-01-08 Method for producing a sequence of high-voltage ignition sparks and high-voltage ignition device Expired - Lifetime EP1254313B1 (en)

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DE10003109A DE10003109A1 (en) 2000-01-26 2000-01-26 Method for generating a sequence of high-voltage ignition sparks and high-voltage ignition device
DE10003109 2000-01-26
PCT/DE2001/000031 WO2001055588A2 (en) 2000-01-26 2001-01-08 Method for producing a sequence of high-voltage ignition sparks and high-voltage ignition device

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EP0893600B1 (en) 1997-06-02 2000-11-08 Federal-Mogul Ignition S.p.A. Multi spark ignition system for an internal combustion engine

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RU2268394C2 (en) 2006-01-20
DE50100351D1 (en) 2003-08-07
US20030089355A1 (en) 2003-05-15
US6666195B2 (en) 2003-12-23
WO2001055588A2 (en) 2001-08-02
JP2003521619A (en) 2003-07-15
WO2001055588A3 (en) 2002-03-21
DE10003109A1 (en) 2001-08-02
EP1254313A2 (en) 2002-11-06

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