EP1076211A2 - Dispositif permettant de maintenir sans fumée les sorties de secours des bâtiments - Google Patents

Dispositif permettant de maintenir sans fumée les sorties de secours des bâtiments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1076211A2
EP1076211A2 EP00116550A EP00116550A EP1076211A2 EP 1076211 A2 EP1076211 A2 EP 1076211A2 EP 00116550 A EP00116550 A EP 00116550A EP 00116550 A EP00116550 A EP 00116550A EP 1076211 A2 EP1076211 A2 EP 1076211A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
escape route
signal
fire
control unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00116550A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1076211A3 (fr
EP1076211B1 (fr
Inventor
Horst Dr. Ermer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BranTech GmbH
Original Assignee
BranTech GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BranTech GmbH filed Critical BranTech GmbH
Publication of EP1076211A2 publication Critical patent/EP1076211A2/fr
Publication of EP1076211A3 publication Critical patent/EP1076211A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1076211B1 publication Critical patent/EP1076211B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement for keeping smoke free of escape routes in buildings, especially internal ones Stairwells.
  • DE 297 16 474 U1 describes a device for stationary positive pressure ventilation of a building.
  • the device consists of a High performance fan in front of an opening in the outer wall of a building is positioned, and the smoke-free fresh air in the event of fire Promotes opening in the outer wall into the interior of the building. It is also provided that the opening in the outer wall can be closed by means of slats make, the fins by the delivery pressure of the fan or by means of an actuating device which responds to a fire signal can.
  • a ventilation device can be provided in the building be, so that through the pressure ventilation an air flow in to Ventilation provided rooms.
  • the High-performance fan and the ventilation device via smoke sensors can be controlled.
  • a device for keeping smoke free from Escape routes in buildings containing the components listed below comprises in a compact device, preferably in a common Housing are integrated.
  • the device comprises a fan unit, which has at least one fan, which is preferably encapsulated is.
  • the fan unit is designed to allow smoke-free air into the escape route to promote, especially air from the surroundings of the building.
  • the device comprises a control unit which has an input for a supply voltage, an input for a first signal line from a fire and / or smoke detector or a manual alarm button and an output for a first control line for the fan unit having.
  • the control unit is intended to consist of one at the entrance the signal applied to the first signal line, which signals a fire, generate a control signal by means of which the fan unit is controlled via the first control line, so that smoke-free air in the Escape route is promoted.
  • the first control line can also be complete run inside the compact device so that the output for the first Control line is not necessarily accessible from outside the compact device have to be.
  • the device according to the invention represents a minimal configuration that smoke-free escape routes in buildings, especially internal ones Stairways, safe in case of fire by means of positive pressure ventilation prevented.
  • the compact device has a mounting frame that allows mounting of the compact device in the frame of windows, skylights or doors preferably standardized size allows. In this way, the Installation of the device according to the invention without major structural changes on the building simply by exchanging a window or skylight respectively.
  • the compact device is designed so that with such Assembly automatically promotes smoke-free air from the environment of the building in the escape route using the fan unit is. In this way, the cost of equipping buildings can be minimized with a device according to the invention.
  • control unit of the compact device has an output for a second Control line, which for controlling a variable outflow opening is provided.
  • the control unit is set up to consist of one signal present at the input of the first signal line, which is a Fire signals that a control signal is generated by means of which a variable outflow opening is controlled via the second control line.
  • variable outflow opening in this way is controlled that there is a preset flow resistance the outflow opening.
  • a preset Flow resistance have been determined in preliminary tests, the default Flow resistance was determined in such a way that an optimal Overpressure ventilation of the escape route results.
  • the Flow resistance to be set from the delivery rate of the fan unit depend on the compact device.
  • control signal a complete opening of the outflow opening, d. H. a minimization of the flow resistance of the outflow opening.
  • the compact device has one Input for a second signal line for signals from one in the escape route arranged pressure sensor.
  • the control unit is modified so that that it is set up to provide a control signal for the outflow opening to generate a change in the flow resistance of the Outflow opening in such a way that a preset pressure value is set in the escape route.
  • control unit of the compact device is designed to do so in the main claim of the patent application Arrangement for setting a pressure difference "by the same applicant from the same day.
  • the control unit of the arrangement for setting a pressure difference is now integrated in the control unit of the compact device.
  • the methods specified in subclaims 2 and 3 of the parallel patent application are used for the determination Both methods can advantageously be carried out by the control unit of the compact device.
  • a comparable effect can be achieved if in addition to the pressure sensor
  • Another pressure sensor in the escape route in the vicinity of the building is arranged which detects the ambient pressure.
  • the ambient pressure is used as a reference print.
  • a particular simplification can be made at this Spot can be achieved by using a differential pressure sensor instead of two Pressure sensor for the pressure in the escape route and the ambient pressure is used.
  • a pre-set pressure in the escape route can be achieved using the compact device can be set when the control unit of the compact device is designed to control the delivery rate of the fan unit, for example via a speed control.
  • the compact device is expanded by additional fan units can be. This can preferably be done by simply flanging on further ones Fan units take place on the compact device, whereby special There are advantages if the compact device and the additional fan unit are designed so that the mechanical connection of Compact device and additional fan unit automatically an electrical Contact between the output for a first control line of the control unit and the corresponding input of the additional fan unit results.
  • the compact device has an emergency power supply comprises, which supplies at least the control unit. If so Emergency generators with a sufficiently compact design and sufficient Power is available that also supplies the fan unit such an emergency power supply can be taken for granted supply both the control unit and the fan unit of the compact device.
  • the control unit of the compact device can be further developed that a further output is provided for a fourth control line, can be controlled via the automatic door closer.
  • Such Door closers are preferably attached to doors leading to the escape route to lead.
  • the control unit controls the door closer in such a way that it closes the door leading to the escape route.
  • the automatic door closer preferably as a freewheel door closer be executed, d. H. as a door closer which has no or only in normal operation exerts a small force on the door, but in the event of fire, the door with a large one Power closes.
  • control unit has another Output for a fifth control line for a door actuator, which controlled by the control unit a door in the escape route in the Fire opens or closes.
  • the compact device can be equipped with an internal signal transmitter for warning purposes be equipped, which in the event of fire from the control unit via a third Control line controlled and for transmission, for example, acoustic or visual warning signals.
  • a connection for an external signal transmitter can also be provided.
  • an operating state is set on the control unit can be used for the ventilation of escape routes outside in the event of a fire.
  • Such an operating state is due to a fresh air supply by means of the fan unit and / or by ventilation characterized a controlled open discharge opening.
  • Advantageously is ensured in such an operating state that the resulting Pressure increase in the escape route remains below 5 Pa, preferably below 1 Pa. This ensures that doors leading to the escape route opened and thus opened against the excess pressure in the escape route must be easy, even by small or light people can be opened.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a first embodiment of the inventive Contraption.
  • a fan unit 2 and a control unit 3 are shown in FIG a common housing 1 connected to a compact device.
  • the fan unit 2 has an input 22 for a first control line 332 on.
  • the control unit 3 has an input for a voltage supply 31 and a first signal input 321 for a fire or Smoke detector 41 and a further first signal input 321 for one manual alarm button 42 on. Both the detector 41 and the alarm button 42 are connected to the corresponding ones via separate first control lines 322 first signal inputs 321 connected.
  • first two signal inputs 321 for a first Signal line 322 is omitted.
  • control unit 3 is set up to consist of a Signal which is present at a first signal input 321 and which signals a fire or alarm, a control signal in this way generate that over a first control line 332 at the first control output 331 connected fan unit 2 begins to convey air.
  • the device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 is preferred in a low-lying area of an escape route in a building mounted in such a way that the fan unit 2 is smoke-free as efficiently as possible Deliver fresh air from the surroundings of the building to the escape route can.
  • the fan unit 2 can be in the immediate vicinity, for example of a wall opening.
  • the housing 1 of the invention Device for mounting in the framework of a skylight, window or a door, preferably of a standardized size.
  • suitable mounting rails 11 can be attached to the housing 1 be provided so that the compact device completely instead of a window can be used in an existing window frame.
  • this is a Existing buildings can be retrofitted particularly easily.
  • the delivery rate is preferred of the compact device by varying the number of modular gate units 2 adapted to the structural conditions of the escape route.
  • FIG corresponds to Figure 1.
  • the multiple fan units 2 do not have a common first Control line 332 controlled synchronously, but via individual first Control lines 332 individually controlled.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, which is based on the device shown in FIG. 1. From Figure 3 visible device additionally has a second signal input 341 for a second signal line 342, which is supplied by a pressure sensor 6 originates, and a second control output 351 for a second control line 352, which leads to an actuating device 51 of a variable outflow opening 5 leads on.
  • control unit 3 is set up to with the alarm signal present at the first signal input 321 on the first Control output 331 a signal to control the fan unit 2 generate, as well as a signal for the steep device at the second control output 351 51 to generate the variable outflow opening 5 in such a way that the adjusting device 51 the flow resistance of the outflow opening 5 sets a preset value.
  • delivery rate of the fan unit / units 2 and the preset Value of the flow resistance of the outflow opening 5 to the structural Escape route conditions can be adjusted.
  • FIG. 4 shows an extension of the inventive device known from FIG. 3 Device which additionally has a second signal input 341 for a has second signal line 342, which for connecting a pressure sensor 6 is provided.
  • a first pressure sensor 61 is preferably in the escape route arranged and serves a controlled pressure in the escape route by regulating the flow resistance of the variable outflow opening 5 and / or the delivery rate of the fan units 2.
  • This control task is carried out by the control unit 3.
  • the control unit 3 is for this set up, the current pressure measured by the first pressure sensor 61 in the escape route with a reference value and compare the difference between the measured pressure in the escape route and the reference value to regulate a preset target difference.
  • This regulation can on the one hand by regulating the delivery capacity of the fan unit 2 and on the other hand by varying the flow resistance of the outflow opening 5.
  • a combination of both control parameters is also conceivable.
  • Figure 5 shows the use of an inventive device for positive pressure ventilation of a stairwell in a multi-storey building.
  • the inventive device is by means of mounting rails 11 in the Skylight of the outer door of the stairwell of the housing, which as Escape route serves, assembled.
  • the control unit 3 is via a first signal line 322 with a fire and / or smoke detector 41 and a manual Alarm button 42 connected, both in the area of the escape route are arranged.
  • the escape route points in its upper area a variable outflow opening 5, which in this embodiment in the roof of the building is integrated.
  • the actuator 51 of the variable Outflow opening 5 is connected to the second one via a second control line 352 Control output 351 of the control unit 3 of the compact device connected.
  • Farther is a first pressure sensor in the immediate vicinity of the outflow opening 5 61 arranged within the escape route, via a second signal line 342 with the second signal input 341 of the control unit 3 of the Compact device is connected.
  • An alarm signal goes over a first signal line 322 control unit 3 controls fan unit 2 in this way that the fan unit 2 smokeless fresh air from the environment of the building in the escape route, d. H. in the stairwell.
  • the control unit 3 controls the adjusting device 51 of the variable outflow opening 5 via the second control line 352 such that an in Preliminary tests determined flow resistance of the outflow opening 5 achieved becomes.
  • the combination of the delivery capacity of the fan unit is advantageous 2 and flow resistance of the outflow opening 5 in such a way the structural conditions in the escape route matched the optimal Conditions for positive pressure ventilation in relation to that through the escape route flowing air quantity per time, their flow velocity as well as the resulting overpressure in the escape route.
  • the device according to the invention holds one constant overpressure in the stairwell. This is done by using the first pressure sensor 61 the pressure conditions in the stairwell with a Reference value are compared and the delivery rate of the fan unit 2 and / or the flow resistance of the outflow opening 5 is regulated in this way that the difference between that measured in the stairwell Pressure and the reference pressure as close as possible to a preset Differential pressure.
  • This target differential pressure is chosen so that there is an overpressure in the stairwell, the value of which is preferably between 15 Pa and 35 Pa, in particular between 10 Pa and 50 Pa.
  • the reference value can be obtained using a second pressure sensor 62 (not shown) determined pressure in the vicinity of the building, where at this point, a differential pressure sensor 63 (not shown) is advantageous instead two separate pressure sensors 61 and 62 for measuring the Pressure in the stairwell and the measurement of the pressure in the vicinity of the Building is used.
  • the above can be used as the reference pressure as already described an interval of duration ⁇ 1 averaged pressure in the stairwell was used the interval before the fire should occur.
  • This Pressure in the stairwell averaged over a period of time before the fire corresponds with good accuracy to the pressure in the vicinity of the building.
  • a second pressure sensor 62 for measuring the External pressure can be saved.
  • stairways in high Buildings can advantageously have a plurality of devices according to the invention be used.
  • This plurality is according to the invention Devices essentially along the entire length of the escape route distributed, so that in the event of fire smoke-free fresh air at several Places at the same time in the escape route is promoted, the arrangement is advantageously chosen so that it is as homogeneous as possible Pressure distribution in the escape route results. For example, in one thirty-storey building all five floors devices according to the invention to be ordered.
  • a device for keeping escape routes smoke-free according to the present invention in an advantageous manner with an arrangement for setting a pressure difference such as that mentioned Patent application of the same applicant from the same day is known an overall arrangement for smoke-free escape routes in buildings can be combined using positive pressure ventilation.
  • an overall arrangement for smoke-free escape routes in buildings can be combined using positive pressure ventilation.
  • additional inputs and outputs for signal and Control lines of pressure sensors and control devices of the outflow opening on the control unit of the device according to the invention whereby the installation of such an overall arrangement is further simplified.
  • a further significant increase in operational security can be achieved be, if the inventive device for smoke control of Escape routes in buildings with a self-opening discharge opening is combined, as it further registration of the same applicant from same day is known.
  • the self-adjusting outflow opening in combination with the inventive device for Smoke-free escape routes in buildings will be self-regulating Outflow opening 5 configured such that in the event of a failure of the Power supply to the self-regulating discharge opening or a control signal on the second control line 352 to the self-adjusting outflow opening 5, the adjusting device 51 of the outflow opening 5, the flow resistance the outflow opening 5 is automatically reduced. In this way, a safe function of the overall arrangement for smoke-free escape routes in buildings by means of positive pressure ventilation even if the Mains supply or in the event of destruction of an otherwise conventional control line between Outflow opening and control unit are guaranteed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
EP00116550A 1999-08-09 2000-08-01 Dispositif permettant de maintenir sans fumée les sorties de secours des bâtiments Expired - Lifetime EP1076211B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19937531A DE19937531A1 (de) 1999-08-09 1999-08-09 Vorrichtung zur Rauchfreihaltung von Rettungswegen in Gebäuden
DE19937531 1999-08-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1076211A2 true EP1076211A2 (fr) 2001-02-14
EP1076211A3 EP1076211A3 (fr) 2003-11-05
EP1076211B1 EP1076211B1 (fr) 2007-09-26

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Family Applications (1)

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EP00116550A Expired - Lifetime EP1076211B1 (fr) 1999-08-09 2000-08-01 Dispositif permettant de maintenir sans fumée les sorties de secours des bâtiments

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Country Link
EP (1) EP1076211B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE374343T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19937531A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1524404A2 (fr) * 2003-10-09 2005-04-20 Industrie Elektronik Brandenburg Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour la surveillance de bâtiments
EP2180269A1 (fr) 2008-10-27 2010-04-28 Wildeboer, Werner Dispositif d'aération de pièce hybride
WO2013001301A3 (fr) * 2011-06-30 2013-03-07 AHMAD, Danish Évacuation de fumée
EP2722607A1 (fr) 2012-10-16 2014-04-23 Smay Sp. z.o.o. Dispositif de pression différentielle
EP2314944A3 (fr) * 2009-10-20 2014-11-05 Smay Sp. z.o.o. Système à base de surpression pour protéger les voies d'évacuation verticales contre l'infiltration de fumée
FR3013070A1 (fr) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-15 Finsecur Dispositif d'aeration d'un local, dispositif de securisation d'un site et procede d'aeration d'un site
CN113432225A (zh) * 2021-07-27 2021-09-24 绿康环境技术发展(广东)有限公司 一种吸烟室的净化处理***

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107062521A (zh) * 2017-01-25 2017-08-18 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 变频空调防火控制方法
CN106766000A (zh) * 2017-01-25 2017-05-31 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 变频空调防火控制方法及控制***
CN109529499A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2019-03-29 安徽中固建设有限公司 一种大型楼宇空气循环***
CN111852300A (zh) * 2020-07-23 2020-10-30 湖南理工学院 一种火灾逃生门控制***

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29716474U1 (de) 1997-09-13 1998-01-08 Bader, Jürgen, 89537 Giengen Vorrichtung zur stationären Überdruckbelüftung eines Gebäudes

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DE9409176U1 (de) * 1994-06-07 1995-10-12 Pafamax Brandschutztechnik GmbH, 34123 Kassel Rauchschutzeinrichtung für einen geschlossenen Treppenraum
GB9415837D0 (en) * 1994-08-05 1994-09-28 Colt Int Ltd Safety apparatus
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Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29716474U1 (de) 1997-09-13 1998-01-08 Bader, Jürgen, 89537 Giengen Vorrichtung zur stationären Überdruckbelüftung eines Gebäudes

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1524404A2 (fr) * 2003-10-09 2005-04-20 Industrie Elektronik Brandenburg Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour la surveillance de bâtiments
EP1524404A3 (fr) * 2003-10-09 2008-01-16 Industrie Elektronik Brandenburg Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour la surveillance de bâtiments
EP2180269A1 (fr) 2008-10-27 2010-04-28 Wildeboer, Werner Dispositif d'aération de pièce hybride
EP2314944A3 (fr) * 2009-10-20 2014-11-05 Smay Sp. z.o.o. Système à base de surpression pour protéger les voies d'évacuation verticales contre l'infiltration de fumée
WO2013001301A3 (fr) * 2011-06-30 2013-03-07 AHMAD, Danish Évacuation de fumée
CN103797307B (zh) * 2011-06-30 2017-07-18 戴维·约翰·罗伊尔 烟雾通风
EP2722607A1 (fr) 2012-10-16 2014-04-23 Smay Sp. z.o.o. Dispositif de pression différentielle
FR3013070A1 (fr) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-15 Finsecur Dispositif d'aeration d'un local, dispositif de securisation d'un site et procede d'aeration d'un site
CN113432225A (zh) * 2021-07-27 2021-09-24 绿康环境技术发展(广东)有限公司 一种吸烟室的净化处理***

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19937531A1 (de) 2001-02-15
EP1076211A3 (fr) 2003-11-05
ATE374343T1 (de) 2007-10-15
DE50014672D1 (de) 2007-11-08
EP1076211B1 (fr) 2007-09-26

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