EP0745764B1 - Soupape d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0745764B1
EP0745764B1 EP96107546A EP96107546A EP0745764B1 EP 0745764 B1 EP0745764 B1 EP 0745764B1 EP 96107546 A EP96107546 A EP 96107546A EP 96107546 A EP96107546 A EP 96107546A EP 0745764 B1 EP0745764 B1 EP 0745764B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
pilot
valve
face
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96107546A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0745764A3 (fr
EP0745764A2 (fr
Inventor
Marco A. Ganser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ganser Hydromag AG
Original Assignee
Ganser Hydromag AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0745764A2 publication Critical patent/EP0745764A2/fr
Publication of EP0745764A3 publication Critical patent/EP0745764A3/fr
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Publication of EP0745764B1 publication Critical patent/EP0745764B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/161—Means for adjusting injection-valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/12—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship providing a continuous cyclic delivery with variable pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0017—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0056—Throttling valves, e.g. having variable opening positions throttling the flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0059—Arrangements of valve actuators
    • F02M63/0068—Actuators specially adapted for partial and full opening of the valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/04—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for avoiding effect of cavitation, e.g. erosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2547/00—Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M2547/003—Valve inserts containing control chamber and valve piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve for intermittent Fuel injection into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • Fuel injection valves of this type are known, for example, from the patents EP 0 228 578 or EP 0 262 539.
  • the control of the opening and Closing movement of the injection valve member exclusively by controlling the Control room pressure.
  • the opening and closing speed is from System pressure dependent; at high fuel pressure the movement of the Injector valve member faster than at low.
  • the pilot valve stem type at everyone Switching process of the solenoid valve from a constant movement with given course.
  • the present invention has for its object to a fuel injection valve create, which makes it possible, at any given system pressure, the time course of the Injection process optimally that required by the internal combustion engine Adapt conditions.
  • a fuel injector 1 is via a High-pressure fuel connection 10 and via a fuel return connection 11 a high-pressure delivery device for the fuel and electrical connections 13 connected to an electronic control.
  • the high pressure conveyor and the electronic controls are not shown in the drawing.
  • the housing of the fuel injector 1 is designated 14. At the bottom is the housing 14 with a retaining part 16 designed as a union nut, at the top End screwed with an outer part 17 of a solenoid valve 5.
  • a nozzle body 18 is inserted, the nozzle tip 19 from the Holding part 16 protrudes.
  • the nozzle tip 19 is provided with a nozzle needle seat 20 and has a plurality of injection openings 21 in this area.
  • In the nozzle body 18 is one an axially adjustable nozzle needle 24 forming an injection valve member in one Needle guide bore 23 slidably guided.
  • the injection openings 21 of the nozzle tip 19 can be closed by a lower end 25 of the nozzle needle 24.
  • About one Intermediate element 26 and a connecting rod 27 is the nozzle needle 24 with a Control piston 30 operatively connected.
  • the connecting rod 27 is in a central Bore 31 of the housing 14 is axially adjustable.
  • the movement of the Control piston 30 and thus also the nozzle needle 24 is by means of a Solenoid valve 5 cooperating control device 15 controlled further below is described in more detail with reference to FIG.
  • an intermediate element 26 receiving pressure plate 32 arranged and clamped by the holding part 16, wherein between the nozzle body 18 and the pressure plate 32 and between the pressure plate 32 and the housing 14 sealing surfaces 33, 34 are formed.
  • a nozzle needle spring 37 arranged biased.
  • the fuel is fed through the high-pressure delivery device High-pressure fuel connection 10 and a first short fuel supply bore 40 in two high-pressure supply lines arranged in the housing 14 parallel to the bore 31 41.42 promoted.
  • the upper high pressure supply line 42 leads to the control device 15.
  • the lower high-pressure supply line 41 is inclined in the pressure plate 32 arranged connection bore 35 connected to a nozzle body bore 28, the opens into an annular space 29 in the nozzle body 18. From the annular space 29 the Fuel through passages, not shown, to the nozzle needle seat 20 or to the Injection openings 21. In the area of the annular space 29, the nozzle needle 24 is provided with a Paragraph 22 provided.
  • control body 50 In the central bore 31 of the housing 14 is a control body 50 in the upper region Control device 15 used and its flange 49 from the outer part 17 of the Solenoid valve 5 held.
  • the control body 50 has a guide bore 51 in which of the control piston 30 is axially displaceable and closely sliding.
  • the Control piston 30 is provided with a central bore 53, which has a transverse bore 54 and an annular groove 55 in the control piston 30 and 56.57 in cross holes Control body 50 and in the housing 14 to the upper high pressure supply line 42 is connected (Fig. 2).
  • the central bore 53 of the control piston tapers at the top 30 in a first control bore 58, which in a between the control piston 30 and the Control body 50 opens on the end face to the control piston 30 arranged control chamber 60 and connects it to the high pressure zone.
  • the control body 50 is with a second Control bore 61 provided which the control chamber 60 with an end face 62 of the Control body 50 connects, and in the position shown in Fig.1 and 2 by a pilot valve stem 70 of the solenoid valve 5 is closed.
  • the solenoid valve 5 has an inner part 73 inserted in the outer part 17 on, which is provided with a coil 74.
  • the coil 74 is above those already mentioned electrical connections 13 with the electronic control, not shown connected.
  • the solenoid valve 5 is connected to the pilot valve stem 70 Anchor 75 assigned. That part of the pilot valve stem 70 which receives the armature 75 is designated 76; its upper shoulder surface 84 is slightly higher than the upper end face 85 of the armature 75, which can be seen particularly well from FIGS. 3a, 3b, 3c (see distance L1).
  • the pilot valve stem 70 is made of hard material, the armature 75 made of soft magnetic Made of material.
  • pilot valve stem 70 protrudes axially into one sleeve-shaped stroke stop 78, which is also axially displaceable in a central Bore 77 of the inner part 73 is inserted.
  • One of the second control bore 61 associated end of the pilot valve stem 70 is denoted by 71.
  • the one with the Pilot valve stem 70 axially movable armature 75 is in a bore 79 of the outer part 17 slidably arranged.
  • the axially movable stroke stop 78 has a flange 80 in the upper region. In the position shown in Figure 2, the flange 80 abuts a shoulder 81, the lower end of the stroke stop 78 with its lower end face 82 from the inner part 73 protrudes (in Fig. 3a, the position shown in Fig.1 and 2 of the Corresponds to fuel injector 1, this is designated H2).
  • a pole face of the Inner magnet part 73 is designated 83.
  • An adjustment screw 88 is screwed into the inner part 73 of the solenoid valve 5, which is associated with a spacer 89. Between the adjusting screw 88 and the Flange 80 of the stroke stop 78 is a spring 90 coaxial with the pilot valve stem 70 biased.
  • a shoulder 93 provided Pin 92 inserted in the upper part 72 of the pilot valve stem 70 is a shoulder 93 provided Pin 92 inserted.
  • a further spring 97 is biased is also arranged coaxially to the pilot valve axis inside the spring 90.
  • the one with a guide pin 98 for the spring 97 provided adjusting screw 95 is a Spacer 96 assigned.
  • 3a, 3b, 3c show in three different phases on the one hand the relative position of the Pilot valve stem parts 76, 72 with the armature 75, the movable stroke stop 78, and of the solenoid valve inner part 73, on the other hand the relative position from the end 71 of the pilot valve stem 70 to the upper end face 62 or to the control bore 61 of the Control body 50.
  • FIG. 4a, 4b, 4c characterize the time course of the injection process, wherein Fig.4a the current quantity for the solenoid valve 5, Fig.4b the stroke of the solenoid valve 5 (i.e. the pilot valve stem 70 and the armature 75) and FIG. 4c the stroke of the control piston 30 and thus also show the nozzle needle 24.
  • the high-pressure part of fuel injector 1 i.e. in the fuel supply bore 40, in both high pressure supply lines 41, 42, in the annular spaces 29, 55 and in the control space 60 the same high pressure or Injection pressure, which can be up to 1500 bar.
  • the fuel injector 1 is in the closed position shown in Fig. 1, 2 and 3a.
  • the top face 85 of the armature 75 is according to FIG. 3a by a distance L from the lower pole face 83 of the Magnet inner part 73 removed.
  • the pressure drop causes the nozzle needle 24 and also the control piston 30 by the prevailing in the annular space 29 and acting on the paragraph 22
  • Fuel pressure is raised from the nozzle needle seat 20 and begins to rise move (see time t2 in Fig.4c).
  • the injection openings 21 are opened, and it finds a first phase of the injection process with slow opening of the Nozzle needle 24 instead.
  • the controller switches on second electrical pulse issued to solenoid valve 5.
  • the anchor 75 is together with the pilot valve stem 70 corresponding to the larger current I2 according to FIG increased tractive force, which is capable of, in addition to the force of the spring 97 also the Force to overcome the spring 90 and the stroke stop 78 on the shoulder surface 84 of the Pilot valve stem 70 to move further up.
  • the flange 80 of the stroke stop 78 is raised by paragraph 81, the stroke stop 78 inside the solenoid valve inner part 73 pressed until the part 76 of the pilot valve stem receiving the armature 75 70 rests with its shoulder surface 84 on the inner part 73.
  • the pilot valve stem 70 leads with the armature 75 in FIGS. 3b and 4b from H2 designated second stroke.
  • the final 71 of the The pilot valve stem 70 moves further away from the end face 62 of the face by the stroke H2 Guide element 50, which increases the cross section of the fuel flow, the pressure drop in the control chamber 60 accelerates and the nozzle needle 24 accelerates is moved up (from time t4 in Fig. 4b and 4c).
  • FIG. 5 shows a further fuel injection valve 2, which has a solenoid valve 6 and is provided with a control device 100.
  • the lower part of the injector is in the drawing not shown; it can have the same shape as the corresponding part of the fuel injector 1 known from FIG. 1.
  • the from FIG. 1 to 3c already known, identical and equivalent parts will continue with the same reference numerals.
  • the control device 100 has a control body 101, which with a light Press fit or a tight sliding fit into the central bore 31 of the housing 14 inserted and via its upper flange 102 from the outer part 17 of the solenoid valve 6 is held.
  • a control piston 110 slidably axially displaceable arranged.
  • the control piston 110 has a stepped diameter Piston part 111.
  • the corresponding sales area is designated 112.
  • the control body 101 is provided with an annular circumferential groove 104 through which an annular space 105 connected to the upper high-pressure supply line 42 is formed.
  • a number of bores 106 connect the annular space 105 to the seat surface 103
  • Annulus 105 or the circumferential groove 104 is also with a small bore 107 a central bore 108 coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the fuel injector 2 connected, which tapers into a control bore 109 at the top, which is functionally the second Control bore 60 corresponds to Figure 2 and also in the upper end face of the Control body 101 opens.
  • This upper end face of the control body 101 is the same formed like that of the pressure control element 50 of Figure 2 and therefore also with Designated 62; an exact configuration of this end face 62 is shown below 8 to 10 described in more detail.
  • the intermediate part 115 has a small, centrally arranged control bore 118 which the control chamber 114 with the bore 108 and thus also via the small bore 107 connects to the high pressure zone.
  • the solenoid valve 6 in turn has an inner part 73 provided with the coil 74.
  • a pilot valve stem 125 In the central bore 77 of the inner part 73 is a pilot valve stem 125 with its upper part 126 axially slidably arranged.
  • the Pilot valve stem 125 In the lower area the Pilot valve stem 125 has the same shape as the pilot valve stem known from FIG 70.
  • the part receiving the anchor 75 and the end are therefore in FIG provided with the same reference number 76.71.
  • Stop element 122 made of wear-resistant material used; this stop element is preferably also in the embodiment of the Solenoid valve 5 used, but is not shown in Fig.2.
  • pilot valve stem 125 In the upper part 126 of the pilot valve stem 125 is in turn one with a shoulder 129 provided pin 128 used, which in the same way as in Figure 2 on the Adjusting screw 95 is assigned biased spring 97.
  • the injection process is essentially the same as for the fuel injector 1 in two stages.
  • the first application of current to the Solenoid valve 6 instead of lifting the pilot valve stem 125 by the first stroke H1 has against the force of the spring 97 until its upper end face 127 to the plant on the lower end face 131 of the spring 90 pressed down Stop plate 130 comes.
  • the size of the first stroke H1 optionally set.
  • Pilot valve stem 125 performs the second stroke H2, causing the pressure drop in Control room 114 and the consequent movement of the nozzle needle upwards be accelerated.
  • the second phase of the injection takes place.
  • the control system switches the power supply to Solenoid valve 6 interrupted, the armature 75 with the pilot valve stem 125 from the springs 90.97 moved down and the outlet of the control bore 109 through the End of 71 closed.
  • the pressure in the central bore 108 of the Control body 101 rises and, together with that in bores 106, can existing fuel pressure, the intermediate part 115 against the force of the moment Spring 113 to move away from the lower seat 103 of the control body 101. This will result in a larger flow cross-section of the fuel through the holes 106 and the annular space 117 as only via the control bore 118 to the control space 114 released what an abrupt closing of the control piston 110 Injection openings causes.
  • the control device 100 corresponds essentially to that from EP-PS 0 426 205 known control device, in which a quick and clean in the same way Completion of the injection process is realized.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a solenoid valve 7, the also both in cooperation with the control device 15 of the 1 and 2 as well as in cooperation with the Control device 100 of the fuel injector 2 according to FIG. 5 can be used could.
  • the pilot valve stem of the solenoid valve 7 has essentially the same shape as that of Figure 5 and is therefore also designated 125.
  • a valve head 141 screwed in with a central, with the Pilot valve stem 125 is provided with coaxial bore 142.
  • the bore 142 faces below an extension 143, in which a via a pin 146 in the pilot valve stem 125 inserted and with this axially displaceable piston 145 is arranged closely sliding.
  • a spring 150 is arranged in a bore 147 of the piston 145 and on a Supported paragraph 148, which on the other hand by a screwed into the valve head 141, adjusting screw 151 provided with a guide pin 152 is biased.
  • the A spacer 153 is assigned to the adjusting screw 151.
  • a lower space 157 is formed, which has a connecting bore 156 the discharge space 65 belonging to the low-pressure part of the fuel injection valve connected is.
  • An upper space located above the piston 145 is 158 in FIG designated. This upper space 158 is connected to the lower one via a throttle bore 159 Room 157 connected.
  • the control At a certain point in time, the control generates an electrical control pulse issued the solenoid valve 7.
  • the end face 62 has an annular relief recess or end groove 163 through which an annular surrounding the outlet of the control bore 109 Sealing surface 162 of smaller diameter is limited.
  • the outside diameter of the End groove 163 is smaller than the diameter of the end 71; thereby stands for the Flat seat between the end 71 and the end face 62 another, in essential annular seat 164 available (in the same plane as the Sealing surface 162 lying), which may be due to two in the ring Stirnut 163 opening, groove-shaped relief outputs 165 is interrupted. This one extend symmetrically arranged, as a groove relief ports 165 extending beyond the diameter of the end 71.
  • Both forehead 163 and The relief outputs 165 can also be machined Machining, by stamping, by electroerosion or by chemical Material removal can be made.
  • a small sealing surface is particularly important when the outlet is closed abruptly large mechanical stress. This strain is caused by the Arrangement of an additional seat 164 according to the invention, which in addition to the Sealing surface 162 absorbs the mechanical forces, significantly reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Soupape d'injection de combustible pour l'injection de combustible par intermittence dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, comportant un carter (14), un élément de siège de soupape (19) pourvu d'ouvertures d'injection (21), un organe de soupape d'injection monté de façon réglable longitudinalement dans le carter (14) pour refermer ou ouvrir les ouvertures d'injection (21), un dispositif de commande (15 ; 100) pour commander le mouvement de réglage de l'organe de soupape, le dispositif de commande (15 ; 100) comprenant un piston de commande (30 ; 110) agencé en déplacement longitudinal et en liaison d'action avec l'organe de soupape, ledit piston étant sollicité avec la pression de système du combustible d'une part à partir d'une conduite d'amenée sous haute pression (40 ; 41) et d'autre part à partir de la pression de commande du combustible dans une chambre de commande (60 ; 114), soupape dans laquelle la chambre de commande (60 ; 114) est en liaison avec la conduite d'amenée sous haute pression (40) via une première ouverture de commande (58 ; 107 ; 118), et la pression de commande dans la chambre de commande (60 ; 114) peut être commandée par action d'ouverture ou de fermeture d'au moins une seconde ouverture de commande (61 ; 109), ce pourquoi une électrovanne (5 ; 6, ; 7) à commande électrique est associée au dispositif de commande (15 ; 100) et comprend une tige de vanne pilote (70 ; 125) axialement mobile et refermant la seconde ouverture de commande (61 ; 109) dans sa position de fermeture, dont le mouvement d'ouverture s'effectue lors de l'activation de l'électrovanne (5 ; 6 ; 7) à l'encontre de la force d'un ressort (97 ; 150) et dont le mouvement de fermeture s'effectue lors d'une désactivation de l'électrovanne (5 ; 6 ; 7) par la force de ce ressort (97 ; 150), caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu des moyens par lesquels le déroulement temporel du mouvement d'ouverture de la tige de vanne pilote (70 ; 125) est commandé après activation de l'électrovanne (5 ; 6 ; 7).
  2. Soupape d'injection de combustible selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'électrovanne (5 ; 6 ; 7) comprend un induit (75) relié à la tige de vanne pilote (70 ; 125), et une bobine (74) alimentée en courant pour activer l'électrovanne (5 ; 6 ; 7).
  3. Soupape d'injection de combustible selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens comprennent un élément de butée (78 ; 130) en liaison d'action avec un second ressort (90) et déplaçable à l'encontre de la force de ce ressort (90), élément de butéejusqu'au niveau duquel la tige de vanne pilote (70 ; 125) peut être soulevée à l'encontre de la force du ressort (97) par une première impulsion de courant dans une première phase du mouvement d'ouverture, dans laquelle, pour surmonter la force du second ressort (90) en liaison d'action avec l'élément de butée (78 ; 130), la force d'actionnement est augmentée dans une seconde étape par émission d'une seconde impulsion de courant.
  4. Soupape d'injection de combustible selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens comprennent un piston (145) en liaison d'action avec la tige de vanne pilote (125), lequel pénètre en coulissement étroit et de façon axialement mobile dans une chambre (158) fermée à l'exception d'une ouverture d'étranglement (159), la chambre (158) étant reliée à une zone de basse pression du combustible via l'ouverture d'étranglement (159), la pression du combustible dans la chambre (158) s'opposant, après activation de l'élément d'actionnement (5 ; 6 ; 7), au mouvement d'ouverture de la tige de vanne pilote (125) et du piston (145) en raison d'un refoulement du combustible via le perçage d'étranglement (159).
  5. Soupape d'injection de combustible selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le piston (145) est mobile conjointement avec la tige de vanne pilote (125) par le ressort (150), après désactivation de l'élément d'actionnement (5 ; 6 ; 7) pour refermer la seconde ouverture de commande (61, 109), et la chambre (158) qui s'agrandit ainsi peut être remplie de nouveau avec le combustible via l'ouverture d'étranglement (159) par la différence de pression qui en résulte.
  6. Soupape d'injection de combustible selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 2 et 3, comportant une partie intérieure d'électrovanne (73), stationnaire et pourvue de la bobine (74), ladite partie présentant un perçage de guidage (77) pour la tige de vanne pilote axialement mobile (70 ; 125), caractérisée en ce que l'élément de butée est réalisé sous forme de butée de levée (78) en forme de douille qui est agencée de façon axialement mobile dans le perçage de guidage (77) et qui comprend dans la zone supérieure une bride (80) avec laquelle ladite butée peut être pressée par le ressort (90) contre un talon (81) du perçage de guidage (77), position dans laquelle elle dépasse dans la zone inférieure par sa surface frontale inférieure (82) hors de la partie intérieure (73), la tige de vanne pilote (70) étant axialement mobile dans la butée de levée (78), et le déplacement de la tige de vanne pilote (70) dans la butée de levée (78) étant limité vers le haut par une surface de talon (84) venant en butée contre la surface frontale (82).
  7. Soupape d'injection de combustible selon les revendications 2 et 3, comportant une partie intérieure d'électrovanne (73), stationnaire et pourvue de la bobine (74) et présentant un perçage de guidage (77) pour la tige de vanne pilote (70 ; 125) axialement mobile, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de butée est réalisé sous forme de plaque de butée (130), agencée dans une partie évasée du perçage de guidage (77), et susceptible d'être pressée contre un talon (81) du perçage de guidage (77) par le ressort (90) par l'intermédiaire une rondelle d'écartement (132), une distance définie par l'épaisseur de la rondelle d'écartement (132) existant entre la surface frontale supérieure (127) de la tige de vanne pilote (125) et une surface frontale inférieure (131) de la plaque de butée lorsque l'électrovanne (6) est désactivée.
  8. Soupape d'injection de combustible selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2, 6 et 7, caractérisée en ce que l'instant pour émettre la seconde impulsion de courant (I) en vue de commencer la seconde phase du mouvement d'ouverture de la tige de vanne pilote peut être choisi.
  9. Soupape d'injection de combustible selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisée en ce qu'une partie (76), recevant l'induit (75), de la tige de vanne pilote (70 ; 125) s'appuie dans la position supérieure par une surface de talon (84) contre un élément de butée (122) en matériau résistant à l'usure qui est mis en place de façon stationnaire dans la partie intérieure d'électrovanne (73) pourvue de la bobine (74), une distance (L) existant entre la surface frontale supérieure (85) de l'induit (75) et la surface de pôle inférieure (83) de la partie intérieure d'électrovanne (73).
  10. Soupape d'injection de combustible selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, comportant un corps de commande (50 ; 101) qui est pourvu de la seconde ouverture de commande (61 ; 109) et qui comprend une surface frontale (62) orientée vers l'extrémité de fermeture (71) de la tige de vanne pilote (70 ; 125), caractérisée en ce que la surface frontale (62) est pourvue d'un renfoncement de décharge (163) coaxial par rapport à la seconde ouverture de commande (61 ; 109), lequel délimite une surface d'étanchement (162) de petite taille entourant la sortie de l'ouverture de commande (61 ; 109), le bord extérieur du renfoncement de décharge (163) étant plus petit que le diamètre de l'extrémité de fermeture (71), la surface frontale (62) étant pourvue d'au moins une sortie de décharge (165) qui débouche dans le renfoncement de décharge (163) et qui s'étend au-delà du diamètre de l'extrémité de fermeture (71).
  11. Soupape d'injection de combustible selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un siège plat est réalisé entre l'extrémité de fermeture (71) de la tige de vanne pilote (70) et un corps de commande (101) pourvu de la seconde ouverture de commande (109), et comprend une surface d'étanchement annulaire (162) qui est coaxiale à la seconde ouverture de commande (109), qui entoure celle-ci et qui est séparée par une gorge annulaire (163) vis-à-vis d'une surface de siège annulaire coaxiale (164) située dans le même plan, la surface de siège (164) étant interrompue par au moins une sortie de décharge (165) qui débouche dans la gorge annulaire (163) pour faire évacuer hors de la zone du siège plat le combustible qui s'échappe par des défauts d'étanchéité de la surface d'étanchement (162) hors de la seconde ouverture de commande (109).
EP96107546A 1995-06-02 1996-05-21 Soupape d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0745764B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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CH1628/95 1995-06-02
CH162895 1995-06-02
CH162895 1995-06-02

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EP0745764A2 EP0745764A2 (fr) 1996-12-04
EP0745764A3 EP0745764A3 (fr) 1996-12-27
EP0745764B1 true EP0745764B1 (fr) 2001-03-21

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US (2) US5694903A (fr)
EP (1) EP0745764B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08326619A (fr)
AT (1) ATE199966T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59606610D1 (fr)

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US10754356B2 (en) 2017-05-08 2020-08-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for actuating at least one solenoid valve

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ATE199966T1 (de) 2001-04-15
JPH08326619A (ja) 1996-12-10
EP0745764A3 (fr) 1996-12-27
EP0745764A2 (fr) 1996-12-04
US5694903A (en) 1997-12-09
US5775301A (en) 1998-07-07
DE59606610D1 (de) 2001-04-26

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