EP0464008A1 - Modulares, mit einer Putzschicht überzogenes und mit benachbarten Elementen verbindbares Schaumstoffelement und Verfahren zum Formen einer Putzschicht und Aufbau einer Wand - Google Patents

Modulares, mit einer Putzschicht überzogenes und mit benachbarten Elementen verbindbares Schaumstoffelement und Verfahren zum Formen einer Putzschicht und Aufbau einer Wand Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0464008A1
EP0464008A1 EP91830283A EP91830283A EP0464008A1 EP 0464008 A1 EP0464008 A1 EP 0464008A1 EP 91830283 A EP91830283 A EP 91830283A EP 91830283 A EP91830283 A EP 91830283A EP 0464008 A1 EP0464008 A1 EP 0464008A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
modular
cement mortar
synthetic material
mortar
preformed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91830283A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0464008B1 (de
Inventor
Piero Cretti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Plastedil SA
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Plastedil SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Plastedil SA filed Critical Plastedil SA
Publication of EP0464008A1 publication Critical patent/EP0464008A1/de
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Publication of EP0464008B1 publication Critical patent/EP0464008B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to techniques for constructing perimeter walls and partitions of buildings using modular elements of expanded synthetic material predisposed to receiving an external covering layer.
  • This invention relates in particular to a modular element made of expanded synthetic material having a cement mortar coating preformed on the two external faces, the method for forming this coating and the method of erecting a wall using these panels.
  • a first problem relates to the erection procedures and in particular to the need to adequately support the structure laid to be able to proceed with the reinforcement and the pouring of the internal concrete pillars without risk of displacement of the laid panels which may be subject to high stresses or shocks.
  • Another problem relates to the predisposition of the two external faces of the panels to receive a suitable coating layer which generally consists of a layer of plaster or mortar.
  • a common solution to the first problem was that of providing stirrups or external reinforcements of the wall or walls of panels placed in a position to give the assembly sufficient stability against the stresses, which are removed after the casting and the solidification of the load-bearing and connecting elements (pillars often cast at the same time as the beams and cords of the floor located above).
  • the expanded polystyrene panels are provided with metal grids or expanded sheets on the two external faces, linked together by metal tie rods which pass through the thickness of the panel.
  • the metal grid applied to the external face of the panels provides a surface perfectly suitable for the application of a layer of mortar or plaster, according to traditional techniques.
  • the presence of the metal tie rods and support of the grids creates numerous thermal bridges between the opposite faces of the structure which partially cancel out the presence of the expanded polystyrene body with high thermal insulation.
  • the modular element of the invention comprises a substantially parallelepiped self-supporting body, of a length, height and width correctly standardized, of expanded synthetic material which is provided with a cement mortar coating. preferably reinforced by the addition of glass fibers and / or other mineral fibers or natural fibers or synthetic fibers or artificial fibers able to give the aggregate a higher mechanical resistance, obtained by sinking and shaving the pasty mixture in a "formwork" constituted by a continuous frame edge made of polystyrene containing capacity formed over the entire perimeter of each of the two external faces of the body of expanded synthetic material.
  • the mortar to form the covering panel can be poured, leveled and allowed to solidify first on one side and then repeat the operation on the other side of the element.
  • the perimeter bead whose width can be between 5 and 20 millimeters in practice constitutes a formwork in which it is easy to pour and shave the soft paste of the cement mortar loaded with fibers, by simply placing the elements in a horizontal position.
  • the coating layer thus formed will have a thickness equal to the elevation height of the edge perimeter with respect to the lowered level of the face of the polystyrene body, which is preformed in special molds, according to the usual techniques for molding this material.
  • Cavities are predisposed on the face to be coated with the polystyrene body, inside the perimeter edge. It is in these cavities that the filling mortar is poured, giving rise to appendages or ribs of the mortar coating panel which have the double function of mechanically reinforcing the structure and of achieving a permanent connection between the mortar coating panel and the body of expanded resin, even by producing cavities with a certain undercut functionally oriented for this purpose.
  • a first appendage or rib of the mortar layer thus preformed on the face of an element develops over the entire perimeter of the coating layer without a solution of continuity, extending over a certain depth inside the resin body expanded.
  • This first appendage or perimeter rib are connected by a series of pairs of parallel ribs, located at a distance from each other equal to twice the thickness of the perimeter edge containing expanded resin and oriented perpendicular to the length of the work and uniformly distributed along the length of the work, at intervals having a length equal to a fraction of the length, preferably equal to the standardized height and thickness of the work and equal to each other. In this way, it is possible to cut the work along a section plane between one of these pairs of parallel ribs to achieve any embedding between laid panels orthogonally to each other at the edges of the structure being assembled.
  • the thickness of the mortar covering panel formed on the opposite external faces of the expanded resin body can be between 5 and 50 millimeters and it is this same thickness that the anchoring appendages have on average. extend inside the body of expanded resin to a depth which can vary from one to three times the average thickness of these appendages. If adequately dimensioned, these covering structures thus preformed on the two external faces of each element are able to give the work intrinsic mechanical robustness and a "specific weight" able to give a wall or a wall constructed with these elements of bearing capacities which can be compared to that of structures made of bricks according to traditional techniques, even without the formation of internal pillars. This is obtained by "joining" together the various covering panels preformed during the finishing phase of the installed wall, according to the method of the invention.
  • the method of the invention consists in approaching and placing in an adjacent position the modular elements which, by virtue of their characteristics of robustness and weight conferred by the two opposite panels of coating mortar, do not require the use of temporary support structures and stabilization and, after completing the erection by consuming the expanded resin from the frame edges along all the lines of separation between the adjacent mortar cladding panels using a torch or the like localized application of heat over a sufficient depth.
  • cavities (leaks) thus formed on the facade are then filled with cement mortar, to which we will preferably have added reinforcing fibers, glass or another suitable material, of the same type as that which was used to form structures or cladding panels of the external surface of the modular elements so that all the preformed cladding panels are solidly joined together, forming a continuous facade which assumes intrinsic bearing characteristics due to the nature of the mortar used, to the thickness of the preformed coating layer and the presence of the anchoring ribs in the central body of expanded resin which are functionally oriented in order to provide a particularly developed bearing section, and to the continuity acquired by this external coating structure thanks to when filling and shaving specially formed "leaks" between the covering panels preformed on the face of the modular elements.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a preformed central body 1 of expanded resin of a modular element of the invention.
  • This body 1 of expanded resin can be produced by applying any technique for forming these products.
  • the material preferably used is expanded polystyrene and a particularly suitable production technique is the profiling of a mold of the module obtained by filling the internal volume of the mold using small balls of pre-expanded polystyrene having a density between 15 and 60 kg / m3 and by introducing steam into the mold to completely expand the resin which fills all the interstices of the mold. After cooling, a vacuum can be created to stabilize the work which is finally extracted from the mold.
  • the module thus formed in standard length has a height and a thickness normally equal to each other and is provided with a series of holes 2 and 3 which cross the body in the direction of the height of the latter at regular intervals along the length of the module so that they result modularly superimposable on each other during the erection of a wall so that they can be used to make the reinforcement, the internal pillars and the vertical pipes.
  • a series of holes 2 and 3 which cross the body in the direction of the height of the latter at regular intervals along the length of the module so that they result modularly superimposable on each other during the erection of a wall so that they can be used to make the reinforcement, the internal pillars and the vertical pipes.
  • the opposite upper and lower faces of the expanded resin module are respectively provided with raised portions 4 and depressions 5, at least around the perimeter of the holes, to make the labyrinths during the laying of a module on the other necessary for the capacity of the castings and for constituting embedding elements which ensure self-centering and the connection of the modules to each other during installation.
  • each preformed expanded resin module 1 are provided with a continuous frame edge 6 over the entire perimeter of the face.
  • This frame edge has a certain height which is normally between 5 and 50 millimeters but which can also be greater and starts from the lowered level of the face of the preformed body of expanded resin 1.
  • the thickness of this perimeter edge 6 is preferably between 5 and 20 millimeters.
  • At the base of the internal side of this perimeter edge 6 is also a continuous cavity having a width substantially identical to the height of the edge 6 and a depth which can be equal to two or more times the width. This perimeter cavity is also devoid of discontinuity over the entire perimeter of the lowered face delimited by the edge 6.
  • the frame edge 6 constitutes a real "formwork" which makes it possible to pour on the lowered face and provided with grooves of the preformed body of expanded resin 1 a soft paste of cement mortar formed by sand, cement, plasticizing additives and preferably containing a certain quantity of reinforcing fibers of glass wool or other inert fibrous material.
  • the dough also fills the cavities 7 and 8 and can easily be shaved so as to give a perfectly flat and leveled surface, being at the same level as the upper edge of the frame edge 6 of expanded resin.
  • this same process can be repeated on the opposite face of the expanded resin body 1 so as to place cement mortar on the two external faces of the preformed coating module.
  • special equipment it is not necessary to wait for the solidification of the material cast on one side before applying the coating on the opposite side.
  • the shaping of cladding panels on the faces of the modular elements is an operation which can advantageously also take place at the building construction site. In this way, the transport costs can be significantly reduced compared to the case of transporting elements already pre-coated.
  • the two faces of the composite modular element which are obtained are shown in sectional views, orthogonal to one another, in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the central body of expanded resin 1 is associated with two structures or external covering panels preformed on the two opposite faces of the modular element and respectively indicated by n. 9 and 10.
  • These external coating structures are contained inside the frame edge 6 of expanded resin which served as formwork for casting and for shaving the coating material.
  • This enlarged partial view also illustrates by means of lines and lines the way in which a modular modular element of the invention can be cut to adapt it to the laying requirements, while maintaining the configuration of the element itself functionally intact. level of the cut.
  • the cut is made by milling with an abrasive disc the portion F of the cement mortar coating 9 (or 10) over a length of about 20 millimeters along the midline between the two parallel ribs 11 which generally have a gap of 30 to 50 millimeters, then repeating the same operation on the opposite side of the modular element and cutting with a hot wire instrument the expanded polystyrene body along the plane of the line indicated by the lines T.
  • the two cutting faces retain a configuration similar to one of the two ends of the element. In this way, it is possible to shorten a modular element, at least for whole multiples of a certain modular dimension which, as described before, is normally equal to the height and width of the element, to satisfy the major part of necessities during installation.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a specific alternative embodiment of the invention suitable for the latter case, in which the modular element is provided with metal tie rods connecting two preformed covering panels on the opposite faces of the element.
  • the modular element is composed of two separate bodies or plates 1 and 1 ′ of expanded resin on the respective external faces which make up the perimeter edge 6, 6 ′, the perimeter cavity 7, 7 ′, and the pairs of transverse grooves 8 (visible in the side view of Fig.
  • the two sheets of expanded resin 1 and 1 ′ are suitably supported one parallel to the other so as to ensure a certain separation distance between the faces respective internal during the phases of formation of the covering panels according to the invention, and the cement mortar is then poured and shaved as already described previously, to produce the two preformed covering panels on the opposite faces of the composite modular element.
  • the cement mortar panel thus formed includes the ends of the metal rings 12 which emerge through the loops 14 from the bottom of the niches 13 of the external plane of each expanded resin plate so that the assembly is connected by means of the set of metal rings 12 which connect the two opposite panels of mortar covering formed on the external face of the two sheets of expanded resin.
  • the composite elements thus produced can be installed without the need for recourse to support brackets, in a manner completely analogous to the modular elements already described above.
  • filling concrete can be poured into the continuous chamber delimited by the opposite internal faces of the expanded resin plates 1 and 1 ′ by producing the continuous concrete structure.
  • the cladding panels preformed on both sides of the modular elements can be united according to the method of the invention to form continuous facades ready to receive the possible finishing treatment.
  • Fig. 7 schematically illustrates a wall produced by fitting modular elements of the invention as described above, by cutting the custom elements where necessary to form the edges of the structure during construction.
  • the intrinsic robustness of the modular elements and their "weight" allow build a wall without using temporary stability brackets, which saves a lot of labor.
  • FIGs. 8, 9 and 10 schematically illustrates the method of the invention for permanently connecting the structures together or the preformed cladding panels of the various modular elements which make up a wall or a partition.
  • These figures are partial sections which represent any joint between two adjacent modular elements placed.
  • the two frame edges 6 of the respective elements are on the face.
  • they separate between them the various cement mortar panels 9 of preformed coating on the faces of the modular elements.
  • the fitter uses a torch or similar device for localized heat distribution, the fitter "consumes" the expanded resin from the edges 6 until the front of the resin stops for a certain distance along the sides thus uncovered perimeter ribs 11 of the adjacent coverings.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
EP91830283A 1990-06-25 1991-06-25 Modulares, mit einer Putzschicht überzogenes und mit benachbarten Elementen verbindbares Schaumstoffelement und Verfahren zum Formen einer Putzschicht und Aufbau einer Wand Expired - Lifetime EP0464008B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT08362490A IT1246249B (it) 1990-06-25 1990-06-25 Elemento modulare di materiale sintetico espanso prerivestito con strato di malta unibile dopo la posa con lo strato di rivestimento degli elementi adiacenti,procedimento per formare detto rivestimento emetodo di erezione
IT8362490 1990-06-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0464008A1 true EP0464008A1 (de) 1992-01-02
EP0464008B1 EP0464008B1 (de) 1995-02-01

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP91830283A Expired - Lifetime EP0464008B1 (de) 1990-06-25 1991-06-25 Modulares, mit einer Putzschicht überzogenes und mit benachbarten Elementen verbindbares Schaumstoffelement und Verfahren zum Formen einer Putzschicht und Aufbau einer Wand

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0464008B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE118056T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69107129T2 (de)
IT (1) IT1246249B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1752593A2 (de) * 2005-07-21 2007-02-14 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH & Co. OHG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mauersteinen sowie mit dem Verfahren hergestellter Mauerstein
EP2867419A1 (de) * 2012-05-14 2015-05-06 Ultraframe (UK) Limited Baublock und baublockanordnung
CN104878870A (zh) * 2015-05-22 2015-09-02 中国十七冶集团有限公司 一种带有凹凸面免界面剂及制作砂浆厚度控制点的砌块

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1851398B1 (de) 2005-02-25 2012-05-30 Nova Chemicals Inc. Vorgefertigte Verbundbauplatten, Gebäude und Verfahren zur Errichtung eines Gebäudes
US7666258B2 (en) 2005-02-25 2010-02-23 Nova Chemicals Inc. Lightweight compositions and articles containing such
US8752348B2 (en) 2005-02-25 2014-06-17 Syntheon Inc. Composite pre-formed construction articles
EP1871724A2 (de) 2005-03-22 2008-01-02 Nova Chemicals Inc. Leichte betonzusammensetzungen
US7677009B2 (en) 2007-02-02 2010-03-16 Nova Chemicals Inc. Roof truss system
US8048219B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-11-01 Nova Chemicals Inc. Method of placing concrete

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA937149A (en) * 1971-06-22 1973-11-20 P. Winters Lorne Insulating structural panel
US3775240A (en) * 1970-11-27 1973-11-27 Heckinger And Ass Inc Structural building module
FR2314324A1 (fr) * 1975-06-09 1977-01-07 Clavier Andre Nouveau type de blocs assemblables pour construction d'habitations et procede de construction en faisant usage
US4614071A (en) * 1983-11-16 1986-09-30 Sams Carl R Building blocks
DE3610030C1 (de) * 1986-03-25 1987-02-05 Rapp Albert Bruno Bauelement fuer Hochbauwerke

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775240A (en) * 1970-11-27 1973-11-27 Heckinger And Ass Inc Structural building module
CA937149A (en) * 1971-06-22 1973-11-20 P. Winters Lorne Insulating structural panel
FR2314324A1 (fr) * 1975-06-09 1977-01-07 Clavier Andre Nouveau type de blocs assemblables pour construction d'habitations et procede de construction en faisant usage
US4614071A (en) * 1983-11-16 1986-09-30 Sams Carl R Building blocks
DE3610030C1 (de) * 1986-03-25 1987-02-05 Rapp Albert Bruno Bauelement fuer Hochbauwerke

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1752593A2 (de) * 2005-07-21 2007-02-14 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH & Co. OHG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mauersteinen sowie mit dem Verfahren hergestellter Mauerstein
EP1752593A3 (de) * 2005-07-21 2010-02-17 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH & Co. OHG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mauersteinen sowie mit dem Verfahren hergestellter Mauerstein
EP2867419A1 (de) * 2012-05-14 2015-05-06 Ultraframe (UK) Limited Baublock und baublockanordnung
EP2867419B1 (de) * 2012-05-14 2022-09-28 Ultraframe (UK) Limited Baublock und baublockanordnung
CN104878870A (zh) * 2015-05-22 2015-09-02 中国十七冶集团有限公司 一种带有凹凸面免界面剂及制作砂浆厚度控制点的砌块

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE118056T1 (de) 1995-02-15
IT9083624A1 (it) 1991-12-25
IT1246249B (it) 1994-11-17
DE69107129D1 (de) 1995-03-16
IT9083624A0 (it) 1990-06-25
DE69107129T2 (de) 1995-06-08
EP0464008B1 (de) 1995-02-01

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