EP0439716B1 - Ancre pour fixer des plaques de façade sur un mur - Google Patents
Ancre pour fixer des plaques de façade sur un mur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0439716B1 EP0439716B1 EP90122963A EP90122963A EP0439716B1 EP 0439716 B1 EP0439716 B1 EP 0439716B1 EP 90122963 A EP90122963 A EP 90122963A EP 90122963 A EP90122963 A EP 90122963A EP 0439716 B1 EP0439716 B1 EP 0439716B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- anchor according
- tie
- counter
- bolt
- angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
- E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
- E04F13/0853—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall
- E04F13/0855—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall adjustable in several directions, one of which is perpendicular to the wall
Definitions
- the invention relates to an anchor for fastening facade panels to a wall of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- an anchor for fastening facade panels to a fastening base for example a building wall
- a rough adjustment and a fine adjustment for producing the desired length of the anchor is possible.
- the rough adjustment takes place in that a perforated band is screwed onto a holding element in the facade panel by means of a screw, one of the holes in the band being selected according to the desired length.
- the tape must be angled at a certain distance above the selected hole using a bending device, otherwise the facade panel will not hang vertically. This bending of the tape is cumbersome and time consuming and its accuracy also depends on the skill of the worker.
- the anchor is screwed onto the facade panel.
- Another disadvantage of the known embodiment is that the distances between the respective fastening means in the wall with the fastening points of the facade panels must match, since a horizontal offset cannot be compensated.
- the main advantages of the anchor according to the invention can be seen in particular in that the assembly of the anchor on the facade panel is considerably simplified and the introduction and distribution of force in the facade panel is improved. As a result of the omission of special bending tools, the amount of work on site is reduced and faster and more precise assembly is possible, since the turning process is no longer dependent on the working method and skill of a person.
- the generic anchor should be further developed in such a way that a problem-free horizontal displacement of the band relative to the fastening means on the facade panel and / or the fastening point on the building base, for example a building wall, is made possible.
- the invention provides a significantly improved configuration of the bolt connection compared to the prior art of the tape in such a way that a quick transfer, ie a quick change in tape length is possible, and laborious assembly by reaching behind the tape when attaching the counter means to completely secure the bolts is eliminated.
- the band and the bolt are designed in the manner of a bayonet lock, in such a way that the bolt can be brought into a positively locked position simply by simply inserting it into one of the holes in the band.
- a particularly expedient embodiment of this positive locking is that the holes of the band preferably have a recess at their upper edge and the bolt is provided with at least two lugs on the lateral surface which correspond to the shape of the recesses, the lugs one behind the other in the axial direction at a distance lie, which corresponds approximately to the thickness of the tape.
- the counterpart is designed as an essentially flat plate or as an angle, the horizontal leg of which is embedded in the material of the facade plate is.
- the panel or the angle at the lateral ends with means for anchoring in the material of the facade panel.
- These means can be designed, for example, in the form of bolts which protrude through lateral openings in the counterpart.
- the means for anchoring can be found on the back of the facade panel protruding profile strips, which are preferably designed as U-profiles, may be formed.
- the means are designed as brackets welded to the inside of the angle, which protrude into the facade panel.
- Another possibility of anchoring is that the means are formed by laterally angled ends of the counterpart. It is also possible to provide multiple bevels.
- the bolts are guided through turned lugs and the lugs are clamped between an abutment and the plate, which serves as a counterpart.
- Another arrangement by which a particularly favorable introduction and distribution of force in the facade panel is achieved is that the counterpart has a vertical section and an adjoining ring section projecting into the material of the facade panel, the inside diameter of which is so dimensioned that he is gripping a reinforcing iron in close contact. So that the contra-angle and the counterpart are brought into such a position in which the defined distance between the two surfaces is ensured, it is expedient that the contra-angle and the counterpart can be connected to one another and tensioned by means of two screws and nuts.
- the screws can be formed by threaded sections of the bolts, which also serve for anchoring, to which the angle piece can be plugged and fastened by means of nuts.
- the distance between the elbow and counterpart through which the band is guided can be created by pressing at least one of these parts or by spacing elements.
- a screw with a nut screwed onto it can be used as a bolt which is guided through the hole in the belt and on which the tensile force caused by the facade panel acts.
- the lower edge of the angle piece and the counterpart lie on the head of the screw and the nut or on the cylindrical surface of the bolt. It is advantageous that the means for anchoring are positively held by reinforcing irons. This measure counteracts the formation of cracks in the facade panel in the area of the anchoring means.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 shows an armature 1, which essentially comprises a band 2 with a flat cross-section, rectangular in cross section, with holes 3 arranged one behind the other at a distance, and a bolt 4 inserted through one of these holes 3.
- the bolt 4 is in this case designed as a screw 14 with a nut 14 '.
- the band 2 is carried out between a support part 5 designed as an angle piece and a second angle 6, angle 6 and angle piece 5 each having a horizontal leg 5 'and 6' and a vertical leg 5 ⁇ and 6 ⁇ .
- the horizontal leg 6 'of the angle 6 is embedded in the material of a facade panel 7, as well as two bolts 8 and 9, each guided through lateral openings of angle 6 and angle piece 5, for secure anchoring in the facade panel 7 with screw heads 8' and 9 'Are provided.
- the elbow 5 and the angle 6 are designed by pressing so that they have a distance a over a large part of their length between the vertical legs 5 ⁇ and 6 ⁇ , but at the lateral ends, where the bolts 8 and 9 are carried out, lie together.
- the distance a is such that it corresponds at least to the thickness d of the band 2 for its vertical displacement.
- the length of the distance a, ie the length of the slot formed in this way is such that the distance a, ie the slot formed thereby, is greater than the width of the band 2.
- the screw 14 and nut 14 ' are in contact with the lower edge of the vertical legs 5 ⁇ and 6 ⁇ .
- the head of the screw 14 lies in a recess 7 'at the back of the facade panel 7.
- the band 2 is bent out above the angle piece 5 from the plane originally parallel to the facade plate 7, the angle piece 5 serving as a bending edge.
- a threaded bolt 12 welded, which cooperates with a - not shown in the drawing - fastening part.
- a reinforcing iron 13 is provided in the facade panel 7, which is looped over the bolts 8 and 9 and fits tightly against them and thus serves good reinforcement and force distribution within the facade panel 7 and relieves the bolts 8 and 9.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from that in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that spacer elements 11 are provided between the angle piece 5 and the angle 6, which produce the distance a between the vertical legs 5 ⁇ and 6 ⁇ .
- a compression - as shown in Fig. 1 - is therefore not necessary.
- the upper end of the band 2 can be shaped into a threaded sleeve 15, into which a threaded bolt 16 of a fastening part can be screwed. Otherwise, the reference numerals for the same parts correspond to those of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the contra-angle 5 is assigned a counterpart 17, which has a vertical leg 17 'in parallel extension to the leg 5' of the contra-angle 5 and whose upper part is bent into a ring section 17 'projecting into the material of the facade panel 7' is.
- the inner diameter of the ring portion 17 ' is dimensioned so that it engages around the reinforcing iron 13 in close contact.
- the procedure is such that the screw 14 is inserted into one of the holes 3 of the band 2 in accordance with the desired length of the anchor 1 and the nut 14 'is unscrewed becomes.
- the band 2 is then arranged between the angle piece 5 and the angle 6 or the counterpart 17 so that the lower edge of the vertical legs 5 ⁇ and 6 ⁇ or 17 ⁇ on the head of the screw 14 and the nut 14 'rests.
- angle piece 5 and angle 6 or counterpart 17 are brought into mutual contact, if necessary with the interposition of spacer elements 11.
- the band 2 is completely flat up to this point in time, then the upper part of the band 2 is bent away from the facade panel 7, the angle piece 5 serving as a bending edge.
- Fig. 6a to 6c shows a generic anchor 1, in which the band 2 and the bolt 19 are designed in the manner of a bayonet lock, such that the bolt 2 is positively locked by simply inserting it into a hole 18 of the band 2.
- the band has 2 holes 18, each having a recess 18 'at its upper edge, as can be seen from Fig. 6b.
- a substantially cylindrical bolt 19 is inserted, which has on its outer surface two lugs 19 ', which lie one behind the other in the axial direction (see. Fig. 6c).
- the distance s of the two noses 19 'to each other corresponds to the thickness d of the band 2. Otherwise, all reference numerals and parts correspond to the illustration in Fig. 2.
- the assembly of the anchor 1 shown in Fig. 6 is easier and faster to carry out than in the versions with screw 14 and nut 14 '.
- the angle piece 5 can already be tensioned against the angle 6 when the band 2 is pushed through the distance between the angle piece 5 and the angle 6.
- the bolt 19 is inserted through one of the holes 18, in such a way that a nose 19 'slides through the recess 18'. Then the bolt 19 is rotated about its longitudinal axis, for example by 180 ° (as shown in FIG. 6a).
- the bayonet lock according to the invention is much easier to assemble in comparison to a screw lock and allows a quick transfer of the strap, i.e. a quick strap length change, to the assembly by simply inserting the threadless bolt and turning it into the locked position.
- This design has the advantage that the recess 7 'in the plate 7 due to the elimination of another countermeasure, such as a threaded nut, can be kept considerably smaller, since the additional space required for reaching behind by hand during assembly for the holder, for example, a threaded nut is necessary, can be omitted.
- the manufacture of the bayonet lock does not require expensive machining, for example the cutting of a thread, so that the bayonet lock connection is simple and cheap after manufacture and assembly.
- the U-shaped profile strips 21 and 22 each have an opening which corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the angle piece 5 and plate 20.
- the profile strips 21 and 22 are embedded in the material of the facade panel 7, whereby they are additionally secured with the reinforcing iron 13, and protrude somewhat from the rear of the facade panel 7.
- the band 2 is carried out, which, like in FIGS. 6a to 6c, has holes 18 with recesses 18 'and is fixed by means of a bolt 19.
- the upper part of the band 2 is also bent over the bending edge of the angle piece 5 as previously described.
- the band 2 is horizontally displaceable over the entire length between the two profile strips 21 and 22.
- FIG. 9 an embodiment of Fig. 8 is shown, in which the band 2 as in Fig. 1 to 5 has holes 3, wherein a screw 14 is inserted through a hole, the screw head in the recess 7 'of the facade panel. 7 lies and on which a nut 14 'is rotated.
- the angle piece 5 and the plate 20 are by means of screws 23 and nuts 23 ', which are guided through openings near the ends of the angle piece 5 and plate 20, can be clamped against each other, of course, the distance that allows a horizontal displacement of the band 2 is maintained .
- FIG. 10 shows an anchor 1 for a facade panel 7, wherein in the facade panel 7, a threaded bolt 24 with a screw head 24 'serving as an abutment nut 25, which is screwed onto the threaded bolt, and a turned tab 26, which on the Mother 25 is present, are embedded.
- the tab 26 has an opening through which a reinforcing iron 13 extends.
- a plate 27 is inserted on the threaded bolt 24, which forms the counterpart for the angle piece 5 and clamps the tab 26 between itself and the nut 25.
- a nut 28 is screwed, which clamps the elbow 5 against the plate 27, of course while maintaining the distance that is required for the horizontal displacement of the band 2.
- a screw 14 is inserted, which is rotated on a nut 14 '. In the manner already described, the lower edges of plate 27 and elbow 5 are on the screw head 14 and the nut 14 '.
- the band 2 is performed between the vertical legs 5 ⁇ and 6 ⁇ of the angle piece 5 and the angle 6 and provided with a screw 14 and nut 14 ', on which the angle piece and angle lie.
- hairpin-shaped brackets 29 are welded, which protrude obliquely downwards into the facade panel 7 and are operatively connected to reinforcing irons 13.
- screws 23 and nuts 23 ' are provided in each case in the region of the lateral ends.
- Fig. 12 shows an anchor 1 with a band 2, which is carried out between an angle piece 5 and a counterpart 30.
- the counterpart 30 has in its central region a flat section 30 'and the lateral ends 30 ⁇ are each angled twice with an oblique bend at 45 °.
- a reinforcing iron 13 is guided through the outer bent corner 30 ′′′.
- the arrangement of clamping devices and bolts corresponds to the previously described designs.
- all the exemplary embodiments have a support part 5, which is preferably designed as an angle piece, which due to its shape is sufficiently rigid to maintain its shape exactly when the band is bent.
- the tape can be bent by hand without tools, as a thickness d of approx. 4 mm is usually not exceeded even with extremely heavy facade panels.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Claims (16)
- Ancre (1) pour la fixation d'une plaque de façade (7) sur un mur, avec une bande rectangulaire (2) de section plate, qui présente des trous (3, 18), distants les uns des autres dans le sens longitudinal, et est assemblée sur son extrémité supérieure avec un élément de fixation, un boulon (4, 19) étant enfoncé au travers de l'un des trous (3, 18) pour l'assemblage de la bande (2) avec un élément de maintien, à assembler à la plaque de façade (7), caractérisée en ce que l'élément de maintien comporte un élément-support (5) et un pendant (6; 17; 20; 27; 30), essentiellement parallèle à ce dernier, un écartement (a), qui a au moins l'épaisseur (d) de la bande (2), qui le traverse, étant prévu sur une partie de la longueur de l'élément-support (5) et du pendant (6; 17; 20; 27; 30), et en ce que la bande (2) peut être pliée directement sur l'élément-support (5).
- Ancre suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'élément-support (5) est réalisé sous forme de pièce coudée, avec une branche à peu près horizontale et une branche à peu près verticale (5′, 5˝), et en ce que l'écartement (a) s'étend sur une partie de la longueur de la pièce coudée (5).
- Ancre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que l'écartement (a) est plus long que la largeur de la bande (2), en vue du déplacement latéral de cette dernière.
- Ancre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le pendant est réalisé sous forme de plaque essentiellement plane (20; 27; 30 ; voir les figures 9, 10, 12) ou de cornière (6, voir les figures 1 à 4), dont la branche à peu près horizontale (6′), au moins, est encastrée dans le matériau de la plaque de façade (7).
- Ancre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la plaque (20, 27, 30) ou la cornière (6) sont munies sur les extrémités latérales d'éléments (8, 9, 21, 22, 24, 29, 30˝, 30‴) pour l'ancrage dans le matériau de la plaque de façade (7), ces éléments étant réalisés, par exemple, sous forme de boulons (8, 9, 24), qui pénètrent au travers d'ouvertures latérales du pendant (6, 17, 27), ou étant formés par des barres profilées (21, 22), des profilés en U de préférence, qui dépassent de la face arrière de la plaque de façade (7) (figures 7 - 9).
- Ancre suivant la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que les éléments sont réalisés sous forme d'étriers (29), soudés sur la cornière (6) (figure 11), ou sont formés par des extrémités latérales pliées (30˝, 30‴) du pendant (30) (figure 12).
- Ancre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que les boulons (24) sont guidés au travers d'éclisses tournées (26), les éclisses (26) étant serrées entre un contre-appui (25) et la plaque (27) (figure 10).
- Ancre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que le pendant (17) présente une section verticale (17˝), prolongée sur le bord supérieur par une section annulaire (17′), qui pénètre dans le matériau de la plaque de façade (7), et dont le diamètre intérieur a un diemnsionnement tel, qu'elle enserre étroitement un acier d'armature (13) (figure 5).
- Ancre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que l'élément-support (5) et le pendant (6, 17, 20, 27, 30) peuvent être assemblés et serrés mutuellement à l'aide de deux vis (8, 9, 23, 24) et d'écrous (10, 23′, 28).
- Ancre suivant l'une des revendications 5 et 9, caractérisée en ce que les vis sont formées par des sections filetées (8˝, 9˝, 24˝) des boulons (8, 9, 24), sur lesquelles l'élément-support (5) peut être enfoncé et fixé à l'aide d'écrous (10, 28).
- Ancre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que l'écartement (a) entre l'élément-support (5) et le pendant (6, 20, 27, 30), au travers duquel est guidé la bande (2), est formé par compression de l'un au moins de ces éléments (5, 6) ou par des éléments d'écartement (11).
- Ancre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce qu'une vis (14), sur laquelle est vissé un écrou (14′), est prévue comme boulon (4) guidé au travers du trou (3) de la bande (2) (figures 4 et 5, par exemple).
- Ancre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce que la bande (2) et le boulon (19) sont réalisés à la manière d'un emboîtement à baïonnette, de telle sorte que le boulon (19) est verrouillé mécaniquement par insertion dans un trou (18) de la bande (2) (figures 6 à 8).
- Ancre suivant la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que les trous (18) de la bande (2) présentent un évidement (18′) sur leur bord supérieur, de préférence, et en ce que le boulon (19) est muni sur sa surface d'enveloppe de deux ergots (19′) au moins, correspondant à la forme des évidements (18′), les ergots se situant les uns derrière les autres, dans le sens axial, à une distance (s) à peu près correspondante à l'épaisseur (d) de la bande.
- Ancre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisée en ce qu'un bord inférieur de l'élément-support (5) et du pendant (6, 17, 20, 27, 30) s'applique sur la tête de la vis (14) et de l'écrou (14′), ou sur la surface cylindrique du boulon (19).
- Ancre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisée en ce que les éléments (8, 9, 21, 22, 26, 29, 30‴) sont maintenus mécaniquement par un acier d'armature (13).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT90122963T ATE87698T1 (de) | 1990-01-27 | 1990-11-30 | Anker fuer die befestigung von fassadenplatten an einer wand. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4002420 | 1990-01-27 | ||
DE4002420A DE4002420A1 (de) | 1990-01-27 | 1990-01-27 | Anker fuer die befestigung von fassadenplatten an einer wand |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0439716A1 EP0439716A1 (fr) | 1991-08-07 |
EP0439716B1 true EP0439716B1 (fr) | 1993-03-31 |
Family
ID=6398917
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90122963A Expired - Lifetime EP0439716B1 (fr) | 1990-01-27 | 1990-11-30 | Ancre pour fixer des plaques de façade sur un mur |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5197255A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0439716B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE87698T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2034951A1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE4002420A1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2040024T3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5857296A (en) * | 1996-05-16 | 1999-01-12 | Dayton Superior Corporation | Concrete sandwich panel erection anchor |
US5809732A (en) | 1997-08-08 | 1998-09-22 | Ccc Group, Inc. | M/bed block system |
US6212841B1 (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2001-04-10 | J R Plume Construction Ltd. | Brick tie, in moulded plastic |
US6581996B1 (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2003-06-24 | Lawrence Fromelius | Lifting system for use in hoisting, particularly heavy cast panels |
US7707782B2 (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2010-05-04 | The Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. | Absorber tower metal hood to concrete shell attachment |
US20070039258A1 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-02-22 | Walker John R Iii | Adjustable attachment system |
US7987644B2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2011-08-02 | Enclos Corporation | Curtainwall system |
TWI415271B (zh) * | 2009-02-09 | 2013-11-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | 染料敏化太陽能電池 |
US20100257812A1 (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-10-14 | Schultz Christopher A | Adjustable Attachment System |
EP2576939B1 (fr) | 2010-05-28 | 2017-11-01 | The Diller Corporation | Système de bardage pour stratifiés de bâtiment |
US8800232B1 (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2014-08-12 | LEK Innovations, LLC | Flange shear connection for precast concrete structures |
US8955285B2 (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2015-02-17 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Embedment attachment system |
US20150135615A1 (en) | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-21 | Cupples International Inc. | Perimeter wall |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1936772A (en) * | 1931-02-14 | 1933-11-28 | Schurman John | Insert for concrete structures |
FR1493545A (fr) * | 1966-06-03 | 1967-09-01 | Dispositif pour fixation de pierres de revêtements sur façades | |
US3834099A (en) * | 1971-10-26 | 1974-09-10 | E Haeussler | Device for mounting wall plates |
DE2504454A1 (de) * | 1975-02-04 | 1976-08-05 | Haeussler Ernst | Vorrichtung zum aufhaengen von fassadenplatten |
US4329826A (en) * | 1978-12-21 | 1982-05-18 | Flogaus William S | Fastener for joining a structural member to masonry or concrete |
DE3307460C1 (de) * | 1983-03-03 | 1984-08-23 | Ernst Dr.-Ing. 4300 Essen Haeussler | Vorrichtung zum Aufhängen einer Fassadenplatte vor einer Bauwerkswand |
DE3411003A1 (de) * | 1983-03-29 | 1984-11-29 | Deha-Baubedarf Gmbh & Co Kg, 6080 Gross-Gerau | Fassadenplattenanker |
FR2546214B1 (fr) * | 1983-05-19 | 1985-08-30 | Barthelemy Francois | Console de montage de revetements muraux lourds |
AT379185B (de) * | 1984-06-08 | 1985-11-25 | Pointner Ferdinand | Anker fuer steinplattenverkleidungen von fassaden od. dgl. |
FR2629499B2 (fr) * | 1985-07-15 | 1990-12-14 | Rocamat Sa | Revetement mural composite a pierres apparentes |
DE3721452C2 (de) * | 1987-06-30 | 2000-02-10 | Halfen Gmbh & Co Kg | Fassadenplattenanker |
-
1990
- 1990-01-27 DE DE4002420A patent/DE4002420A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-11-30 EP EP90122963A patent/EP0439716B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-30 AT AT90122963T patent/ATE87698T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-30 DE DE9090122963T patent/DE59001127D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-30 ES ES199090122963T patent/ES2040024T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-01-25 US US07/645,789 patent/US5197255A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-01-25 CA CA002034951A patent/CA2034951A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4002420A1 (de) | 1991-08-01 |
ATE87698T1 (de) | 1993-04-15 |
ES2040024T3 (es) | 1993-10-01 |
EP0439716A1 (fr) | 1991-08-07 |
US5197255A (en) | 1993-03-30 |
CA2034951A1 (fr) | 1991-07-28 |
DE59001127D1 (de) | 1993-05-06 |
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