Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/20—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils
  • H01B3/22—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
  • C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
  • C10M105/06—Well-defined hydrocarbons aromatic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
  • C10M105/50—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing halogen
  • C10M105/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing halogen containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
  • C10M2211/024—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aromatic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
  • C10N2040/16—Dielectric; Insulating oil or insulators
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
  • C10N2040/17—Electric or magnetic purposes for electric contacts

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of dielectric fluids and more particularly to an improvement of the processes comprising a condensation of the FRIEDEL and CRAFTS type catalyzed by ferric chloride.
• dielectric liquids of the formula have been described in which n, x, y and z have the value 1 or 2.
• These products can be prepared by condensation of: in which n, x, y and z have the same meaning as above in the presence of a catalyst from FRIEDEL and CRAFTS. After the condensation, the catalyst is destroyed, for example by adding a dilute aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid followed by washing the organic phase.
• Patent application EP 136230 describes dielectric fluids which are polyarylalkane oligomers obtained by condensation of benzyl chloride C6H5CH2Cl and benzylidene chloride C6H5CHCl2 on toluene in the presence of a FRIEDEL and CRAFTS catalyst.
• the Applicant has made the same observation as for the process of the EP 8251 application cited above, that is to say that by using ferric chloride, it is possible to omit the washing step and yet produce a fluid capable of dielectric.
• the Applicant has found a particularly simple process for synthesizing dielectric fluids by condensation of the FRIEDEL and CRAFTS type.
• step a is a reaction of FRIEDEL and CRAFTS.
• Aromatic halides denote, for example, alkylbenzene or (polyalkyl) benzene having at least one halogen in the benzyl position on the alkyl chain
• the benzated nucleus nique can, in addition to halogenated alkyl chains, be substituted by halogens, alkyls having up to three carbon atoms or nitrile or NO2 groups.
• the alkyl chains which carry at least one halogen can be identical or different and contain up to three carbon atoms.
• aromatic halides can be, for example, the products of formulas:
• aromatic halides are condensed with aromatic compounds.
• aromatic compounds denote, for example, benzene which can be substituted by one or more identical or different alkyl groups and having up to 8 carbon atoms, halogens or nitrile or NO2 groups.
• aromatic compounds can be, for example, benzene, toluene, xylene, products of formula:
• the condensation of the step takes place in practice at a temperature between 50 ° C and 150 ° C.
• the amount of ferric chloride is usually between 50 ppm and 1% by weight of the reaction mass.
• an excess of the aromatic halide or an excess of the aromatic compound can be used.
• different condensation products are obtained, which are themselves mixtures. Most often, it may be necessary to distill the excess reagents (step c ) because these products, even in admixture with the condensation products do not have dielectric properties or cannot be used as dielectrics because of their too much volatility.
• step d all or at least one of the condensation products is recovered. Indeed, during the condensation (step a ), a mixture of products is often obtained.
• an oligomer A which is a mixture of isomers of formula where n1 and n2 are 0, 1 or 2 and n1 + n2 is less than or equal to 3.
• MBT benzyltoluene
• DBT dibenzyltoluene
• oligomer B which is a mixture of isomers of formula: where n′1, n ⁇ 1 and n4 are 0, 1 or 2, n′2, n ⁇ 2, n3, n′3 and n5 are 0 or 1, and knowing that the sum n′1 + n ⁇ 1 + n′2 + n ⁇ 2 + n3 + n′3 + n4 + n5 is less than or equal to 2.
• stage d the desired isomers or mixtures of isomers are distilled off, then they are conditioned into dielectric fluid.
• the packaging of products for dielectric use is known per se, it is recalled on page 4 in patent application EP 8251. It consists of a preliminary purification treatment with alkalis such as NaoH, Na2Co3 or compounds similar to calcium or potassium at a temperature ranging from 20 to 350 ° C. Sometimes further distillation can be advantageous.
• the next purification phase consists in using bleaching earth or activated alumina either alone or as a mixture according to the specific techniques known in the dielectric fluids sector.
• stabilizers of the epoxide or other type such as, for example, tetraphenyltin or anthraquinone compounds.
• aromatic halides are derived from the aromatic compounds in question, for example benzyl chloride and toluene or methyl benzyl chloride (CH3C6H4CH2Cl) and xylene, then it is possible to carry out upstream of the step to the partial halogenation of the aromatic compound. A mixture of aromatic halide and aromatic compound is thus obtained in which it suffices to add ferric chloride to carry out step a of the process.
• oligomer A as described above which distills at 105-263 ° C under a vacuum of 15 mm of mercury.
• the dielectric properties have been determined and are listed in the table of Example 7, column 7.1.
• Example 3 is repeated, but replacing the ferric chloride with 35 g of aluminum chloride at the Friedel and Crafts reaction. The reaction medium is then subjected to distillation. The same difficulties are encountered as those observed in Example 2, which leads to a product unsuitable for dielectric application.
• 1500 g are obtained under a vacuum of 15 mm of mercury vacuum with a vapor temperature of 260 to 280 ° C. It is a slightly yellow liquid containing less than 1 ppm of iron. This product is ideal for dielectric application.
• the filtered samples were placed in tan ⁇ measuring cells (2 cells per sample). These cells were placed in an oven at 100 ° C and the tan ⁇ was followed for 500 hours.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
• Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
• Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
• Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
• Compounds Of Iron (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

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Publications (2)

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Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1989
  • 1989-10-13 FR FR8913451A patent/FR2653134B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1990
  • 1990-10-02 DK DK90402722.4T patent/DK0422986T3/da active
  • 1990-10-02 DE DE9090402722T patent/DE69000288T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-10-02 EP EP90402722A patent/EP0422986B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-10-02 ES ES199090402722T patent/ES2034844T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-10-02 AT AT90402722T patent/ATE80176T1/de active
  • 1990-10-11 NO NO90904393A patent/NO904393L/no unknown
  • 1990-10-12 JP JP2275155A patent/JP2569214B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-10-12 CA CA002027445A patent/CA2027445C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-10-12 PT PT95588A patent/PT95588B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-10-12 FI FI905033A patent/FI97478C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-10-12 KR KR1019900016202A patent/KR930005531B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-10-13 CN CN90108455A patent/CN1029005C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-10-15 US US07/597,030 patent/US5186864A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-10-15 IE IE369290A patent/IE64608B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1992
  • 1992-11-30 GR GR920402760T patent/GR3006387T3/el unknown

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