EP0003724B1 - Machine for mechanically opening and emptying bags that may contain a toxic product - Google Patents

Machine for mechanically opening and emptying bags that may contain a toxic product Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0003724B1
EP0003724B1 EP79870002A EP79870002A EP0003724B1 EP 0003724 B1 EP0003724 B1 EP 0003724B1 EP 79870002 A EP79870002 A EP 79870002A EP 79870002 A EP79870002 A EP 79870002A EP 0003724 B1 EP0003724 B1 EP 0003724B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bag
conveyor
severed
machine according
cutting elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79870002A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0003724A1 (en
Inventor
Mario V. Murer
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ATELIERS DE CONSTRUCTIONS MECANIQUES ARMAND COLINET SA
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ATELIERS DE CONSTRUCTIONS MECANIQUES ARMAND COLINET SA
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Priority claimed from BE184946A external-priority patent/BE863699A/en
Application filed by ATELIERS DE CONSTRUCTIONS MECANIQUES ARMAND COLINET SA filed Critical ATELIERS DE CONSTRUCTIONS MECANIQUES ARMAND COLINET SA
Publication of EP0003724A1 publication Critical patent/EP0003724A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B69/00—Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B69/0008—Opening and emptying bags

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a machine for mechanical opening and emptying of bags which may contain a toxic product.
  • Known machines for opening and emptying mechanical bags which may contain a toxic product comprising a conveyor intended to bring each bag deposited on this conveyor to a product hopper, cutting means comprising two cutting elements with a vertical axis each mounted at one end of a pivoting arm and capable of cutting the front face and the side faces of a bag during its advancement on the conveyor and a gripping assembly capable of gripping the bag cut on the three aforementioned faces and at the 'bring, after its contents have been emptied, to a location for evacuating the emptied bag (see British patent n ° 1,315,853 and French patent n ° 2,046,774).
  • the present invention aims to eliminate this positive control by motor of the pivoting arms, carrying the cutting elements by surprisingly simple means.
  • the two cutting elements carried by the pivoting arms are subjected to a restraint system tending to permanently bring these cutting elements towards the axis of the conveyor, the force exerted by the restraint system being adjusted so that the displacement of the cutting elements towards the outside with respect to the axis of the conveyor, during the cutting of the three aforesaid faces of the bag, is caused by contact with this bag itself, driven towards the product hopper on the conveyor above, against the action of the restraint system.
  • one of the two pivoting arms of the cutting elements extends towards a longitudinal edge of the conveyor, while the other pivoting arm extends towards the opposite longitudinal edge of the conveyor, each of these pivoting arms being subject to the restraint system so that, when they are not in contact with a cutting bag, the cutting elements are arranged one behind the other, substantially mid-width of the conveyor.
  • the machine comprises means for stopping the transporter carrying a bag, the front face and the two lateral faces of which have been cut so as to allow the gripping assembly to be put in place and grasp the cut bag, as well as means allowing the gripping assembly to evacuate the bag towards the evacuation location by deploying it over twice its length, while the transporter still supporting the weight of the product contained in the bag is restarted to pour the product into the aforementioned hopper, without an effort liable to tear the bag being exerted on it by the gripping assembly.
  • the gripping assembly is movable in a vertical plane and is constituted by an element which carries rotary hooking hooks and is secured to two arms capable of pivoting about an axis so that, when the hooks have each been inserted in the upper part of a cut bag, the rotation of the arms makes it possible to deploy it and to direct it towards its evacuation site, after dumping of its content in the hopper produced by the 'combined action of the transporter.
  • the machine according to the invention advantageously comprises, in order to prevent accidental falling into the hopper of bags and parts of cut bags, in addition to a conveyor, two cutting means and a gripping assembly of the mobile type, a drive means, mounted in the path of the path of the emptied bag and suspended from the box of the gripping assembly, which comprises two rollers arranged in a V shape able to approach each other and to rotate so as to pinch the emptied bag and to drive it towards the evacuation location, in particular when the emptied bag is released from the gripping assembly.
  • the bag opening and emptying machine comprises a bag carrier 1, two cutting means, 2, 2 'of bags, a product hopper 3, a gripping unit 4 of cut bags, a means drive 5 of cut bags and an evacuation location 6 of empty bags.
  • the machine further comprises means suitable for automatically controlling the moving parts of the machine according to a predetermined cycle of operations, these means not being shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • 9 indicates an enclosure which surrounds the machine; the enclosure can possibly be placed under vacuum to avoid the dispersion of dust outside. It should be noted, however, that the machine should not be housed in an enclosure if one can work in the open air, and that it is sufficient to provide a suction device if the opening and emptying of the bags give off dust.
  • Each cutting means 2, 2 ′ comprises a movable cutting element above the conveyor 1, and a constraint system intended to constantly bring the cutting element towards the axis 14 of the conveyor.
  • Each cutting element is a disc 20, 20 'with a vertical axis 21,21', which can be rotated by a belt 22,22 'mounted on the axis of a motor 23, 23'.
  • the vertical axis 21, 21 ' is carried by a pivot arm 24, 24' articulated around a fixed axis 25, 25 'which also carries a link 26, 26' articulated at the free end of the rod 27, 27 'of a cylinder 28, 28' advantageously pneumatic.
  • the fixed axis 25, 25 'of pivoting of the arm 24, 24' is located in the axis of the motor 23, 23 '.
  • the cylinders are mounted respectively, one to the left, the other to the right of the conveyor.
  • the rotary discs 20, 20 ' are therefore one behind the other at the right of said axis; we adjust the height of the discs so that they are exactly at the same level.
  • the restraining device is also adjusted so that the force (arrow 29.29 ′) which it develops is less than the longitudinal force or the sliding force of the bag sliding on the conveyor.
  • a first bag 7 comes into contact with the first rotary disc 20 towards the middle of the front face 70 of the bag, the thrust exerted by the bag on the disc maintaining the contact permanently ( Figures 3, 4) .
  • the bag continuing to advance, the rotating disc causes a cutout 71 in said face 70 ( Figures 4, 5).
  • the bag repelling the disc and the latter resisting the thrust under the effect of the constraint system, the arm 24 is forced to pivot towards the edge of the conveyor, while maintaining contact with the bag, the disc 20 now attacks the lateral face 72 and makes a cutout 73 therein.
  • the disc ceases to be in contact with the bag due to the advancement of the latter, it returns to its initial position at the right of axis 14 of the transporter to allow the next bag to be cut.
  • the cylinder 28 'of the cutting means 2' has been fixed to the other bank of the conveyor relative to the cylinder 28 of the cutting means 2 at a distance such that the rotating disc 20 'attacks the front face 70 of the bag 7 at the time where the disc 20 begins the cutting of the lateral face 72. ( Figure 6).
  • the disc 20 ', engaged in the beginning of the slot resulting from the cut 71 previously operated by the disc 20 now performs a cut 74 so that the front face 70 is completely notched (Figure 7).
  • the pneumatic cylinders 28, 28 ' are connected to a compressed air supply, not shown, which provides the bodies of said cylinders 28, 28' with a set pressure.
  • the advancement of the conveyor 1 can be stopped when the front of a cut bag 77 is in line with the drum 12 (FIG. 10) in front of the opening of the hopper 3, and implement 1 'the gripping assembly 4 of the machine.
  • This comprises two parallel arms 40 in L ( Figures 1, 2, 10) whose branches 41 and 42 are articulated around an axis 43 fixed to the enclosure 9; the upper branches 42 carry at their end two beams 44 which support a box 45 crossed by a shaft 46 provided with rotary hooks 47 intended to grip the cut bags.
  • the shaft 46 is connected by a link 48 to the rod of a jack 49, advantageously pneumatic, fixed to one of the uprights 44, and openings 400 and 401 are provided at the base of the box 45 (FIG. 11) in the course of the rotary hooks.
  • the link 48 articulated around the shaft 46, rotates the latter in the direction of clockwise, so that the points 402 exit through the openings 400, pass through the bag 77 a first time at this location, then a second time at the opening 401, to return to the box.
  • the bag is therefore. pierced twice and this safety grip prevents everything. unhooking the bag during its movement towards the evacuation 6, the bag being emptied into the hopper 3 during this operation.
  • a jack 403 advantageously pneumatic, the bottom of which is attached to a fixed suspension point 90 and of which the rod 404 is integral with a lever 405 articulated around the axis 43 to which are linked the arms 40 in L, the actuation of the jacks 403 having to allow the gripping assembly 4 to travel in substance a quarter of a circle above the hopper 3.
  • a drive means 5 ( Figures 1, 2, 10, 12) intended to participate in the routing of the cut bags to the evacuation 6 of empty bags and especially to prevent the accidental fall of bags and parts of bags in the hopper.
  • This means which is attached to fixed vertical uprights 91, comprises on the one hand, two rollers 51 and 52, one of which can rotate continuously under the action of an electric motor 53 and, on the other hand, two cylinders 54, advantageously pneumatic, each of which is suspended from the bottom to a fixed support 92 integral with the upright 91 and the rod 55 of which acts by a hinge 56 and a pivot point 57 of a bent lever 58-59 itself integral one of the rollers 51 or 52, the pivot point 57 of each of the bent levers being mounted on a cross member 93 fixed between the vertical uprights 91; the drive means also comprises two free rollers 500 parallel to the support 93.
  • the stop of the conveyor 1 triggers the expansion of the jacks 403 (FIG. 10); the gripping assembly 4 performs its trajectory in the opposite direction to that of the curved arrows 406 and places the box 45 on the cut bag 77 stopped on the conveyor.
  • the stop of the jacks 403 controls the expansion of the jack 49 so that the hooks 47, advantageously 3 to 5 in number, exit through the openings 400 and return to the box through the openings 401 after having twice pierced the upper part of the bag 77 ( Figures 10 and 11).
  • the complete expansion of the jack 49 which enabled gripping, in turn triggers the reaction of the jacks 403 and, simultaneously or almost, the restarting of the conveyor 1.
  • rollers 51 ′, 52 ′ having tightened on the emptied bag drive it towards the discharge opening 6; the free rollers 500, mounted respectively in front of and behind the rollers 51 ', 52', favor the passage.
  • the rollers 51 ', 52' move apart and the whole machine is ready to empty the next bag.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has been described and shown by way of example and it would not be departing from its scope by making modifications to it.
  • detection and control means such as feelers, photoelectric and infrared cells, limit switches, scales, shutters, etc.
  • the invention obviously does not relate to the application of pneumatic cylinders and they can be replaced by mechanical, hydraulic or other means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)

Description

L'invention a pour objet une machine d'ouverture et de vidage mécaniques de sacs pouvant contenir un produit toxique.The subject of the invention is a machine for mechanical opening and emptying of bags which may contain a toxic product.

On connaît des machines d'ouverture et de vidage mécaniques de sacs pouvant contenir un produit toxique, ces machines comportant un transporteur destiné à amener chaque sac déposé sur ce transporteur vers une trémie à produit, des moyens de coupe comportant deux éléments coupants à axe vertical montés chacun à une extrémité d'un bras pivotant et aptes à découper la face antérieure et les faces latérales d'un sac pendant son avancement sur le transporteur et un ensemble de préhension apte à saisir le sac découpé sur les trois faces susdites et à l'amener, après que son contenu en ait été vidé, vers un emplacement d'évacuation du sac vidé (voir le brevet britannique n° 1.315.853 et le brevet français n° 2.046.774).Known machines for opening and emptying mechanical bags which may contain a toxic product, these machines comprising a conveyor intended to bring each bag deposited on this conveyor to a product hopper, cutting means comprising two cutting elements with a vertical axis each mounted at one end of a pivoting arm and capable of cutting the front face and the side faces of a bag during its advancement on the conveyor and a gripping assembly capable of gripping the bag cut on the three aforementioned faces and at the 'bring, after its contents have been emptied, to a location for evacuating the emptied bag (see British patent n ° 1,315,853 and French patent n ° 2,046,774).

Dans les machines connues, le pivotement des bras portant à une extrémité les éléments coupants vers le sac à découper et à partir du sac découpé, est commandé positivement, notamment dans le brevet britannique précité, par un moteur agissant sur une came en forme de cylindre à rainure dans laquelle est ménagée une rainure parcourue par un suiveur de came prévu à l'extrémité d'arbres auxquels sont fixés les bras pivotants.In known machines, the pivoting of the arms carrying at one end the cutting elements towards the cutting bag and from the cutting bag, is positively controlled, in particular in the aforementioned British patent, by a motor acting on a cylinder-shaped cam groove in which is formed a groove traversed by a cam follower provided at the end of shafts to which the pivoting arms are fixed.

La présente invention vise à supprimer cette commande positive par moteur des bras pivotants, portant les éléments coupants par des moyens étonnamment simples.The present invention aims to eliminate this positive control by motor of the pivoting arms, carrying the cutting elements by surprisingly simple means.

Conformément à la présente invention, les deux éléments coupants portés par les bras pivotants sont assujettis à un système de contrainte tendant à ramener en permanence ces éléments coupants vers l'axe du transporteur, l'effort exercé par le système de contrainte étant réglé de façon que le déplacement des éléments coupants vers l'extérieur par rapport à l'axe du transporteur, pendant le découpage des trois faces susdites du sac, soit provoqué par le contact avec ce sac lui-même, entraîné vers la trémie à produit sur le transporteur susdit, à l'encontre de l'action du système de contrainte.According to the present invention, the two cutting elements carried by the pivoting arms are subjected to a restraint system tending to permanently bring these cutting elements towards the axis of the conveyor, the force exerted by the restraint system being adjusted so that the displacement of the cutting elements towards the outside with respect to the axis of the conveyor, during the cutting of the three aforesaid faces of the bag, is caused by contact with this bag itself, driven towards the product hopper on the conveyor above, against the action of the restraint system.

Selon une particularité de l'invention, un des deux bras pivotants des éléments coupants s'étend vers un bord longitudinal du transporteur, tandis que l'autre bras pivotant s'étend vers le bord longitudinal opposé du transporteur, chacun de ces bras pivotants étant assujetti au système de contrainte de façon que, lorsqu'ils ne sont pas en contact avec un sac à découper, les éléments coupants soient disposés l'un derrière l'autre, sensiblement à mi-largeur du transporteur.According to a feature of the invention, one of the two pivoting arms of the cutting elements extends towards a longitudinal edge of the conveyor, while the other pivoting arm extends towards the opposite longitudinal edge of the conveyor, each of these pivoting arms being subject to the restraint system so that, when they are not in contact with a cutting bag, the cutting elements are arranged one behind the other, substantially mid-width of the conveyor.

Selon une autre particularité de l'invention, la machine comporte des moyens pour arrêter le transporteur portant un sac dont la face avant et les deux faces latérales ont été découpées de manière à permettre à l'ensemble de préhension de se mettre en place et de saisir le sac découpé, ainsi que des moyens permettant à l'ensemble de préhension d'évacuer le sac vers l'emplacement d'évacuation en le déployant sur deux fois sa longueur, tandis que le transporteur supportant toujours le poids du produit contenu dans le sac est remis en marche pour déverser le produit dans la trémie susdite, sans qu'un effort susceptible de déchirer le sac soit exercé sur celui-ci par l'ensemble de préhension.According to another feature of the invention, the machine comprises means for stopping the transporter carrying a bag, the front face and the two lateral faces of which have been cut so as to allow the gripping assembly to be put in place and grasp the cut bag, as well as means allowing the gripping assembly to evacuate the bag towards the evacuation location by deploying it over twice its length, while the transporter still supporting the weight of the product contained in the bag is restarted to pour the product into the aforementioned hopper, without an effort liable to tear the bag being exerted on it by the gripping assembly.

Selon une autre particularité de l'invention, l'ensemble de préhension est mobile dans un plan vertical et est constitué par un élément qui porte des crocs d'accrochage rotatifs et est solidaire de deux bras aptes à pivoter autour d'un axe de sorte que, lorsque les crocs ont chacun été insérés dans la partie supérieure d'un sac découpé, la rotation des bras permet de le déployer et de le diriger vers son emplacement d'évacuation, après déversement de son contenu dans la trémie à produit par l'action conjuguée du transporteur.According to another feature of the invention, the gripping assembly is movable in a vertical plane and is constituted by an element which carries rotary hooking hooks and is secured to two arms capable of pivoting about an axis so that, when the hooks have each been inserted in the upper part of a cut bag, the rotation of the arms makes it possible to deploy it and to direct it towards its evacuation site, after dumping of its content in the hopper produced by the 'combined action of the transporter.

La machine suivant l'invention comprend avantageusement, pour prévenir la chute accidentelle dans la trémie de sacs et parties de sacs découpés, outre un transporteur, deux moyens de coupe et un ensemble de préhension du type mobile, un moyen d'entraînement, monté dans le parcours de la trajectoire du sac vidé et suspendu au caisson de l'ensemble de préhension, qui comporte deux rouleaux disposés en V aptes à se rapprocher l'un de l'autre et à se mettre en rotation de manière à pincer le sac vidé et à le chasser vers l'emplacement d'évacuation, en particulier lorsque le sac vidé est libéré de l'ensemble de préhension.The machine according to the invention advantageously comprises, in order to prevent accidental falling into the hopper of bags and parts of cut bags, in addition to a conveyor, two cutting means and a gripping assembly of the mobile type, a drive means, mounted in the path of the path of the emptied bag and suspended from the box of the gripping assembly, which comprises two rollers arranged in a V shape able to approach each other and to rotate so as to pinch the emptied bag and to drive it towards the evacuation location, in particular when the emptied bag is released from the gripping assembly.

Les dessins annexés représentent à titre d'exemple une forme d'exécution de l'invention dans laquelle:

  • les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues en élévation et en plan de l'ensemble de la machine;
  • les figures 3 à 9 illustrent le fonctionnement des moyens de coupe;
  • les figures 10 et 11 illustrent respectivement le fonctionnement de l'ensemble de préhension et un détail dudit ensemble de préhension et
  • la figure 12 montre le montage des parties du moyen d'entraînement de sacs vidés.
The accompanying drawings show by way of example an embodiment of the invention in which:
  • Figures 1 and 2 are elevational and plan views of the entire machine;
  • Figures 3 to 9 illustrate the operation of the cutting means;
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 respectively illustrate the operation of the gripping assembly and a detail of said gripping assembly and
  • Figure 12 shows the mounting of the parts of the emptied bag driving means.

La machine d'ouverture et de vidage de sacs suivant l'invention comprend un transporteur 1 de sacs, deux moyens de coupe, 2, 2' de sacs, une trémie 3 à produit, un ensemble de préhension 4 de sacs découpés, un moyen d'entraînement 5 de sacs découpés et un emplacement d'évacuation 6 de sacs vidés. La machine comprend en outre des moyens propres à commander automatiquement les pièces mobiles de la machine suivant un cycle prédéterminé d'opérations, ces moyens n'étant pas représentés aux dessins annexés.The bag opening and emptying machine according to the invention comprises a bag carrier 1, two cutting means, 2, 2 'of bags, a product hopper 3, a gripping unit 4 of cut bags, a means drive 5 of cut bags and an evacuation location 6 of empty bags. The machine further comprises means suitable for automatically controlling the moving parts of the machine according to a predetermined cycle of operations, these means not being shown in the accompanying drawings.

On désigne par 7 les sacs fermés, remplis d'un produit à déverser dans la trémie, et par 8 un moyen quelconque destiné à acheminer les sacs vers la machine; ce moyen peut être un transporteur classique. On désigne par 9 une enceinte qui entoure la machine; l'enceinte peut éventuellement être mise en dépression pour éviter la dispersion des poussières à l'extérieur. Il y a lieu de noter cependant que la machine ne doit pas être logée dans une enceinte si l'on peut travailler à l'air libre, et qu'il suffit de prévoir un dispositif d'aspiration si l'ouverture et le vidage des sacs dégagent des poussières.Denote by 7 the closed bags, filled with a product to be poured into the hopper, and by 8 any means intended to convey the bags to the machine; this means can be a conventional transporter. 9 indicates an enclosure which surrounds the machine; the enclosure can possibly be placed under vacuum to avoid the dispersion of dust outside. It should be noted, however, that the machine should not be housed in an enclosure if one can work in the open air, and that it is sufficient to provide a suction device if the opening and emptying of the bags give off dust.

On a représenté de façon schématique le transporteur 1 (figures 1, 2) destiné à entraîner sans heurts les sacs 7 dans le sens de la flèche 10 entre deux tambours 11 (entrée de l'enceinte 9) et 12 (trémie 3 à produit) dont l'un peut être mis en rotation.There is shown schematically the conveyor 1 (Figures 1, 2) intended to smoothly drive the bags 7 in the direction of the arrow 10 between two drums 11 (inlet of the enclosure 9) and 12 (hopper 3 to product) one of which can be rotated.

Chaque moyen de coupe 2, 2' comporte un élément de coupe mobile au-dessus du transporteur 1, et un système de contrainte destiné à ramener constamment l'élément de coupe vers l'axe 14 du transporteur.Each cutting means 2, 2 ′ comprises a movable cutting element above the conveyor 1, and a constraint system intended to constantly bring the cutting element towards the axis 14 of the conveyor.

Chaque élément de coupe est un disque 20, 20' à axe vertical 21,21', qui peut être entraîné en rotation par une courroie 22,22' montée sur l'axe d'un moteur 23, 23'. L'axe vertical 21,21' est porté par un bras de pivotement 24, 24' articulé autour d'un axe fixe 25, 25' qui porte aussi une biellette 26, 26' articulée à l'extrémité libre de la tige 27, 27' d'un vérin 28, 28' avantageusement pneumatique. Dans la forme d'exécution représentée, l'axe fixe 25, 25' de pivotement du bras 24, 24' se trouve dans l'axe du moteur 23, 23'.Each cutting element is a disc 20, 20 'with a vertical axis 21,21', which can be rotated by a belt 22,22 'mounted on the axis of a motor 23, 23'. The vertical axis 21, 21 'is carried by a pivot arm 24, 24' articulated around a fixed axis 25, 25 'which also carries a link 26, 26' articulated at the free end of the rod 27, 27 'of a cylinder 28, 28' advantageously pneumatic. In the embodiment shown, the fixed axis 25, 25 'of pivoting of the arm 24, 24' is located in the axis of the motor 23, 23 '.

Les vérins sont montés respectivement, l'un à gauche, l'autre à droite du transporteur.The cylinders are mounted respectively, one to the left, the other to the right of the conveyor.

Les vérins étant déployés, les disques rotatifs 20, 20' se trouvent donc l'un derrière l'autre au droit dudit axe; on règle la hauteur des disques pour qu'ils soient exactement au même niveau. On règle aussi le dispositif de contrainte de manière que l'effort (fléche 29,29') qu'il développe soit inférieur à l'effort longitudinal ou de rotation de glissement du sac sur le transporteur.The cylinders being deployed, the rotary discs 20, 20 'are therefore one behind the other at the right of said axis; we adjust the height of the discs so that they are exactly at the same level. The restraining device is also adjusted so that the force (arrow 29.29 ′) which it develops is less than the longitudinal force or the sliding force of the bag sliding on the conveyor.

Porté par le transporteur 1, un premier sac 7 entre en contact avec le premier disque rotatif 20 vers le milieu de la face avant 70 du sac, la poussée exercée par le sac sur le disque maintenant le contact en permanence (figures 3, 4). Le sac continuant à avancer, le disque en rotation provoque une découpe 71 dans ladite face 70 (figures 4, 5). Au cours de l'avance du transporteur, le sac repoussant le disque et celui-ci résistant à la poussée sous l'effet du système de contrainte, le bras 24 est forcé de pivoter vers le bord du transporteur, tout en conservant le contact avec le sac, le disque 20 attaque maintenant la face latéralle 72 et y fait une découpe 73. Quand le disque cesse d'être en contact avec le sac par suite de l'avancement de ce dernier, il revient en sa position initiale au droit de l'axe 14 du transporteur pour permettre la coupe du sac suivant.Carried by the conveyor 1, a first bag 7 comes into contact with the first rotary disc 20 towards the middle of the front face 70 of the bag, the thrust exerted by the bag on the disc maintaining the contact permanently (Figures 3, 4) . The bag continuing to advance, the rotating disc causes a cutout 71 in said face 70 (Figures 4, 5). During the conveyor advance, the bag repelling the disc and the latter resisting the thrust under the effect of the constraint system, the arm 24 is forced to pivot towards the edge of the conveyor, while maintaining contact with the bag, the disc 20 now attacks the lateral face 72 and makes a cutout 73 therein. When the disc ceases to be in contact with the bag due to the advancement of the latter, it returns to its initial position at the right of axis 14 of the transporter to allow the next bag to be cut.

On a fixé le vérin 28' du moyen de coupe 2' à l'autre rive du transporteur par rapport au vérin 28 du moyen de coupe 2 à une distance telle que le disque rotatif 20' attaque la face avant 70 du sac 7 au moment où le disque 20 commence la découpe de la face latérale 72. (Figure 6). Le disque 20', engagé dans le début de la fente résultant de la découpe 71 opérée précédemment par le disque 20 effectue maintenant une découpe 74 de sorte que la face avant 70 est complètement entaillée (figure 7).The cylinder 28 'of the cutting means 2' has been fixed to the other bank of the conveyor relative to the cylinder 28 of the cutting means 2 at a distance such that the rotating disc 20 'attacks the front face 70 of the bag 7 at the time where the disc 20 begins the cutting of the lateral face 72. (Figure 6). The disc 20 ', engaged in the beginning of the slot resulting from the cut 71 previously operated by the disc 20 now performs a cut 74 so that the front face 70 is completely notched (Figure 7).

Tandis que le transporteur avance, le bras 24' pivote autour du sac (figure 8) attaque l'autre face latérale 75 et y opère une découpe 76, de sorte que trois faces du sac ont été découpées lorsque le contact entre le sac et les disques aura été rompu (figure 9); on désignera par 77 un sac ainsi découpé (figure 10).As the conveyor advances, the arm 24 ′ pivots around the bag (FIG. 8) attacks the other lateral face 75 and cuts there 76, so that three sides of the bag have been cut when the contact between the bag and the discs will have been broken (Figure 9); a bag thus cut will be designated by 77 (FIG. 10).

Les vérins pneumatiques 28, 28' sont raccordés à une alimentation d'air comprimé, non représentée, qui assure aux corps desdits vérins 28, 28' une pression réglée.The pneumatic cylinders 28, 28 'are connected to a compressed air supply, not shown, which provides the bodies of said cylinders 28, 28' with a set pressure.

Grâce à un dispositif de commande, on peut arrêter l'avancement du transporteur 1 quand l'avant d'un sac découpé 77 se trouve au droit du tambour 12 (figure 10) devant l'ouverture de la trémie 3, et mettre en oeuvre 1' l'ensemble de préhension 4 de la machine.Thanks to a control device, the advancement of the conveyor 1 can be stopped when the front of a cut bag 77 is in line with the drum 12 (FIG. 10) in front of the opening of the hopper 3, and implement 1 'the gripping assembly 4 of the machine.

Celui-ci comporte deux bras 40 parallèles en L (figures 1, 2, 10) dont les branches 41 et 42 sont articulées autour d'un axe 43 fixé à l'enceinte 9; les branches supérieures 42 portent à leur extrémité deux poutres 44 qui supportent un caisson 45 traversé par un arbre 46 pourvu de crocs rotatifs 47 destinés à agripper des sacs découpés. L'arbre 46 est raccordé par une biellette 48 à la tige d'un vérin 49, avantageusement pnéumatique, fixé à l'un des montants 44, et des ouvertures 400 et 401 sont prévues à la base du caisson 45 (figure 11) dans le parcours des crocs rotatifs. Quand le vérin 49 est rétracté, les crocs 47 sont rétractés, c'est-à-dire que leurs pointes 402 se trouvent dans le caisson.This comprises two parallel arms 40 in L (Figures 1, 2, 10) whose branches 41 and 42 are articulated around an axis 43 fixed to the enclosure 9; the upper branches 42 carry at their end two beams 44 which support a box 45 crossed by a shaft 46 provided with rotary hooks 47 intended to grip the cut bags. The shaft 46 is connected by a link 48 to the rod of a jack 49, advantageously pneumatic, fixed to one of the uprights 44, and openings 400 and 401 are provided at the base of the box 45 (FIG. 11) in the course of the rotary hooks. When the jack 49 is retracted, the hooks 47 are retracted, that is to say that their points 402 are located in the box.

Si l'on pose le caisson vers l'extrémité en aval d'un sac 77 découpé et si l'on déploie le vérin 49, la biellette 48, articulée autour de l'arbre 46, fait tourner celui-ci dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre, de sorte que les points 402 sortent par les ouvertures 400, traversent le sac 77 une première fois à cet endroit, puis une seconde fois au niveau de l'ouverture 401, pour retourner dans le caisson. Pour un même croc, le sac est donc. percé deux fois et cet agrippage de sécurité empêche tout. décrochage du sac lors de son déplacement vers l'évacuation 6, le sac étant vidé dans la trémie 3 au cours de cette opération.If the box is placed towards the downstream end of a cut bag 77 and if the jack 49 is deployed, the link 48, articulated around the shaft 46, rotates the latter in the direction of clockwise, so that the points 402 exit through the openings 400, pass through the bag 77 a first time at this location, then a second time at the opening 401, to return to the box. For the same hook, the bag is therefore. pierced twice and this safety grip prevents everything. unhooking the bag during its movement towards the evacuation 6, the bag being emptied into the hopper 3 during this operation.

A l'extérieur de l'enceinte 9 (figures 1, 2, 10), on a prévu, en outre, de chaque côté, un vérin 403, avantageusement pneumatique, dont le fond est accroché à un point de suspension fixe 90 et dont la tige 404 est solidaire d'un levier 405 articulé autour de l'axe 43 auquel sont liés les bras 40 en L, l'actionnement des vérins 403 devant permettre à l'ensemble de préhension 4 de parcourir en substance un quart de cercle au-dessus de la trémie 3.Outside the enclosure 9 (FIGS. 1, 2, 10), there is also provided, on each side, a jack 403, advantageously pneumatic, the bottom of which is attached to a fixed suspension point 90 and of which the rod 404 is integral with a lever 405 articulated around the axis 43 to which are linked the arms 40 in L, the actuation of the jacks 403 having to allow the gripping assembly 4 to travel in substance a quarter of a circle above the hopper 3.

On a prévu aussi un moyen d'entraînement 5 (figures 1, 2, 10, 12) destiné à participer à l'acheminement des sacs découpés vers l'évacuation 6 de sacs vidés et surtout à empêcher la chute accidentelle de sacs et parties de sacs dans la trémie.There is also provided a drive means 5 (Figures 1, 2, 10, 12) intended to participate in the routing of the cut bags to the evacuation 6 of empty bags and especially to prevent the accidental fall of bags and parts of bags in the hopper.

Ce moyen, qui est attaché à des montants verticaux fixes 91, comporte d'une part, deux rouleaux 51 et 52, dont l'un peut tourner en permanence sous l'action d'un moteur électrique 53 et, d'autre part, deux vérins 54, avantageusement pneumatiques dont chacun est suspendu par le fond à un support fixe 92 solidaire du montant 91 et dont la tige 55 agit par une articulation 56 et un point de pivotement 57 d'un levier coudé 58-59 lui-même solidaire d'un des rouleaux 51 ou 52, le point de pivotement 57 de chacun des leviers coudés étant monté sur une traverse 93 fixée entre les montants verticaux 91; le moyen d'entraînement comporte en outre deux rouleaux libres 500 parallèles au support 93.This means, which is attached to fixed vertical uprights 91, comprises on the one hand, two rollers 51 and 52, one of which can rotate continuously under the action of an electric motor 53 and, on the other hand, two cylinders 54, advantageously pneumatic, each of which is suspended from the bottom to a fixed support 92 integral with the upright 91 and the rod 55 of which acts by a hinge 56 and a pivot point 57 of a bent lever 58-59 itself integral one of the rollers 51 or 52, the pivot point 57 of each of the bent levers being mounted on a cross member 93 fixed between the vertical uprights 91; the drive means also comprises two free rollers 500 parallel to the support 93.

Dans la position déployée des vérins 54 représentée aux dessins (figure 12), les axes des rouleaux 51, 52 forment un angle V dans un plan vertical; en rétractant les vérins, au contraire, on écarte les biellettes 58, de sorte qu'on obtient finalement la disposition 51' , 52', où les rouleaux tendent à se toucher, le rouleau 51' déjà en rotation entraînant le rouleau 52' dans le sens inverse.In the deployed position of the jacks 54 shown in the drawings (Figure 12), the axes of the rollers 51, 52 form an angle V in a vertical plane; by retracting the jacks, on the contrary, the rods 58 are spread apart, so that the arrangement 51 ′, 52 ′ is finally obtained, where the rollers tend to touch, the roller 51 ′ already in rotation driving the roller 52 ′ in the opposite direction.

Ainsi qu'il a été dit, l'arrivée de l'avant d'un sac découpé 77 au droit du tambour 12 (figure 10) provoque l'arrêt du transporteur 1. A ce moment précis, les rouleaux 51, 52 du moyen d'entraînement 5 sont écartés en V et l'ensemble de préhension 4 est arrêté en position verticale au-dessus de l'emplacement d'évacuation 6 les crocs 47 sont rétractés dans le caisson 45.As has been said, the arrival of the front of a cut bag 77 in line with the drum 12 (FIG. 10) causes the transporter 1 to stop. At this precise moment, the rollers 51, 52 of the means drive 5 are separated in V and the gripping assembly 4 is stopped in a vertical position above the evacuation location 6 the hooks 47 are retracted in the box 45.

L'arrêt du transporteur 1 déclenche la détente des vérins 403 (figure 10); l'ensemble de préhension 4 effectue sa trajectoire dans le sens opposé à celui des flèches courbes 406 et pose le caisson 45 sur le sac découpé 77 arrêté sur le transporteur.The stop of the conveyor 1 triggers the expansion of the jacks 403 (FIG. 10); the gripping assembly 4 performs its trajectory in the opposite direction to that of the curved arrows 406 and places the box 45 on the cut bag 77 stopped on the conveyor.

L'arrêt des vérins 403 commande la détente du vérin 49 de sorte les crocs 47, avantageusement au nombre de 3 à 5, sortent par les ouvertures 400 et regagnent le caisson par les ouvertures 401 après avoir percé deux fois la partie supérieure du sac 77 (figures 10 et 11). La détente complète du vérin 49, qui a permis l'agrippage, déclenche à son tour la réaction des vérins 403 et, simultanément ou presque, la remise en marche du transporteur 1.The stop of the jacks 403 controls the expansion of the jack 49 so that the hooks 47, advantageously 3 to 5 in number, exit through the openings 400 and return to the box through the openings 401 after having twice pierced the upper part of the bag 77 (Figures 10 and 11). The complete expansion of the jack 49, which enabled gripping, in turn triggers the reaction of the jacks 403 and, simultaneously or almost, the restarting of the conveyor 1.

Il s'ensuit que l'ensemble de préhension 4 soulève le sac 77 par les crocs 47 tandis que le sac est amené vers l'ouverture de la trémie 3. Le vidage du sac commence donc, et il est achevé quand le sac est développé sur deux fois sa longueur au cours de la rotation.It follows that the gripping assembly 4 lifts the bag 77 by the hooks 47 while the bag is brought towards the opening of the hopper 3. The emptying of the bag therefore begins, and it is completed when the bag is developed twice its length during rotation.

Au cours du mouvement, le sac vidé passe entre les rouleaux d'entraînement qui se referment quand le sac est suffisamment engagé (figures 10, 12) la rétraction des vérins 54 s'effectuant sous l'impulsion d'un dispositif de fin de course non représenté; à ce moment, les crocs 47 se rétractent à l'intérieur du caisson, libérant ainsi le sac 77.During the movement, the emptied bag passes between the drive rollers which close when the bag is sufficiently engaged (Figures 10, 12) the retraction of the jacks 54 taking place under the impulse of a limit switch device not shown; at this time, the hooks 47 retract inside the box, thus releasing the bag 77.

Les rouleaux 51', 52' s'étant resserrés sur le sac vidé l'entraînent vers l'ouverture d'évacuation 6; les rouleaux libres 500, montés respectivement devant et derrière les rouleaux 51',52', favorisent le passage. Lorsque le sac vidé tombe à travers l'ouverture 6, les rouleaux 51', 52' s'écartent et l'ensemble de la machine est prêt à vider le sac suivant.The rollers 51 ′, 52 ′ having tightened on the emptied bag drive it towards the discharge opening 6; the free rollers 500, mounted respectively in front of and behind the rollers 51 ', 52', favor the passage. When the emptied bag falls through the opening 6, the rollers 51 ', 52' move apart and the whole machine is ready to empty the next bag.

Au stade du vidage des sacs découpés on peut envisager, compte tenu du type de produit, un système de brosse ou de secouage.At the stage of emptying the cut bags, it is possible to envisage, taking into account the type of product, a brush or shaking system.

De plus, on peut aussi considérer un système de raclage de produit pour diriger vers la trémie 3 le produit qui se serait échappé de sacs 7 lors de leur transfert du transporter extérieur 8 au transporteur 1.In addition, it is also possible to consider a product scraping system for directing towards the hopper 3 the product which would have escaped from bags 7 during their transfer from the external transporter 8 to the transporter 1.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée à la forme d'exécution qui a été décrite et représentée à titre d'exemple et on ne sortirait pas de son cadre en y apportant des modifications. Ainsi, pour assurer la continuité des mouvements successifs de la machine, on peut faire usage de moyens de détection et de commande, tels que des palpeurs, cellules photo- électriques et infrarouges, interrupteurs de fin de course, balances, volets, etc., et il va de soi que la machine peut également être commandée manuellement. Enfin, l'invention ne porte évidemment pas sur l'application de vérins pneumatiques et l'on peut remplacer ceux-ci par des moyens mécaniques, hydrauliques ou autres.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has been described and shown by way of example and it would not be departing from its scope by making modifications to it. Thus, to ensure the continuity of the successive movements of the machine, use can be made of detection and control means, such as feelers, photoelectric and infrared cells, limit switches, scales, shutters, etc., and it goes without saying that the machine can also be controlled manually. Finally, the invention obviously does not relate to the application of pneumatic cylinders and they can be replaced by mechanical, hydraulic or other means.

Claims (7)

1. Machine for mechanically opening and emptying bags (7) which may contain a toxic product, comprising a conveyor (1) arranged to bring each bag placed on said conveyor (1), to a product hopper (3), severing means (2, 2') comprising two cutting elements (20, 20') having a vertical axis (21, 21'), each mounted at one end of a pivotal arm (24, 24') and adapted for severing the front face and the lateral faces of a bag (7) during the advancement of the latter on the conveyor (1), and gripping means (4) adapted for gripping the bag (77) severed on said three faces and for bringing it, after the content thereof has been poured into the hopper (3), to a disposal place (6) of the emptied bag, characterized in that the two cutting elements (20,20') carried by the pivotal arms (24, 24') are controlled by a restraining system (26,26', 27,27', 28,28') adapted to permanently bring said cutting elements (20,20') back to the axis (14) of the conveyor ( 1 the force exerted by the restraining system (26, 26', 27, 27', 28, 28') being adjusted so that the outward displacement of the cutting elements (20,20') with respect to the axis (14) of the conveyor (1) during the severing of three faces of the bag (7), is caused by the contact with said bag carried toward the product hopper (3) on said conveyor (1), against the action of the restraining system (26, 26', 27, 27', 28, 28').
2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that one (24) of the two pivotal arms (24, 24') of the cutting elements (20, 20') extends toward a longitudinal edge of the conveyor (1), whereas the other pivotal arm (24') extends toward the opposite longitudinal edge of the conveyor, each of said pivotal arms (24, 24') being subjected to the restraining system (26, 26', 27, 27', 28, 28') so that, when they are not in contact with a bag (7) to be severed, the cutting elements (20,20') are placed one behind the other substantially half way of the width of the conveyor.
3. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means for stopping the conveyor carrying a bag (77), the front and two lateral faces of which have been severed, so as to permit to the gripping means (4) to become positioned and to grip the severed bag (77), as well as means permitting to the gripping means (4) to move the bag (77) toward the disposal place (6) while spreading the bag to an amount of two times of its length while the conveyor (1) still supporting the weight of the product contained in the bag (77) is started again for pouring the product in said hopper (3), without permitting to the gripping means to exert on the bag a force capable of tearing it.
4. Machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gripping means (4) are movable in a vertical plane and include an element (46) which carries pivoting gripping hooks (47) and which is rigidly connected with two arms (40) adapted to pivot around an axis (43), so that, when the hooks (47) have each been inserted into the top portion of a severed bag (77), the pivoting of the arms (40) causes the bag to be spread out and to be moved towards its disposal place (6) after pouring of its content into the product hopper by the combined action of the conveyor (1).
5. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the pivoting gripping hooks (47) have a shape such that they can each grip a bag by piercing it two times.
6. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, for avoiding the accidental fall into the product hopper of severed bags and severed bag parts, it comprises driving means (5) positioned on the path of an emptied bag (77) and suspended to the gripping means (4), said driving means comprising two rollers (51, 52) arranged in V-shaped position and adapted so as to become closer to each other and to start rotating, so as to pinch the emptied bag (77) and to send it to the disposal place (6), when said emptied bag (77) has become free from the gripping means.
7. Machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means adapted for automatically control the movable pieces of the machine according to a predetermined operation cycle.
EP79870002A 1978-02-06 1979-01-30 Machine for mechanically opening and emptying bags that may contain a toxic product Expired EP0003724B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE184946A BE863699A (en) 1978-02-06 1978-02-06 MECHANICAL OPENING AND EMPTYING MACHINE FOR BAGS MAY CONTAIN A TOXIC PRODUCT
BE184946 1978-02-06

Publications (2)

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EP0003724A1 EP0003724A1 (en) 1979-08-22
EP0003724B1 true EP0003724B1 (en) 1981-12-16

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EP79870002A Expired EP0003724B1 (en) 1978-02-06 1979-01-30 Machine for mechanically opening and emptying bags that may contain a toxic product

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US (1) US4289438A (en)
EP (1) EP0003724B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1124199A (en)
DE (1) DE2961569D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2416182A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1124199A (en) 1982-05-25
FR2416182B1 (en) 1982-12-17
FR2416182A1 (en) 1979-08-31
DE2961569D1 (en) 1982-02-11
EP0003724A1 (en) 1979-08-22
US4289438A (en) 1981-09-15

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