EP2753547B1 - Device for opening packages - Google Patents

Device for opening packages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2753547B1
EP2753547B1 EP20110788762 EP11788762A EP2753547B1 EP 2753547 B1 EP2753547 B1 EP 2753547B1 EP 20110788762 EP20110788762 EP 20110788762 EP 11788762 A EP11788762 A EP 11788762A EP 2753547 B1 EP2753547 B1 EP 2753547B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
cavity
packages
opened
gas jet
packaging
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EP20110788762
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2753547A1 (en
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Dirk Barnstedt
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B69/00—Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B69/0008—Opening and emptying bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F3/004—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor by means of a fluid jet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for opening packages, particularly the opening of garbage bags, which are generally made of plastic or other material such as paper.
  • Such devices for opening bound, filled bags of plastic on a conveyor, which are destroyed by radiation of a device as an energy converter, the rays are wave or teardrop-shaped and destroy the bag wall directly or indirectly, are from the teaching of the document DE 43 19 790 A1 known.
  • the aim of the invention of this document is to safely destroy the bag wall of the filled garbage bag by means of an energy converter whose jets are wave-shaped or drop-shaped, so that the contents of the garbage bag is effectively exposed.
  • the so-called energy converter is a laser beam source whose radiation has an effect on the refuse bag wall and not on the contents of the refuse bag.
  • the so-called energy converter can also be designed as a pressurized water generator.
  • EP 0 713 831 B1 discloses a device for opening plastic bags on a conveyor belt, on which the openable garbage bags are fed at regular intervals to tear elements, by which the garbage bags are at least damaged. Furthermore, the device has a further tearing and spreading element for gripping the sacks on the sides, in which the tearing and spreading elements are placed so that they form a certain angle to the conveying direction, with the proviso that they continue to tear the garbage bags and spread.
  • a metering and feeding device for material sorting plants for opening the yellow bags for refuse disposal has become known.
  • This device has a relatively large hopper into which the garbage bags to be opened are filled.
  • Below the funnel two worm wheels are arranged with sharp-edged knife wheels, whereby the two worm rollers rotate in opposite directions to each other.
  • the sacks are for the most part damaged and torn open, the contents of the sacks being at least partially removed from the sacks, so that re-sorting is recommended.
  • Another document G 93 09 868.5 discloses a bag teaser for opening and emptying of garbage bags or similar products that must pass through a narrow passage on a conveyor belt, wherein the geometric dimensions of the passage is smaller than that of the garbage bags and thus the bags are made to burst so that the subsequent brush wheels continue to pick up the bags and rip them completely open.
  • the known in the prior art devices for opening garbage bags all have the disadvantage that they do not reach the desired and necessary opening degree of garbage bags and beyond a high wear caused by the mechanical opening.
  • a further disadvantage is the fact that the operational reliability can not be guaranteed, because the garbage bags to be opened do not all have the same geometric dimensions, so that it is difficult to use the appropriate mechanical means for all different bag sizes, so that all sacks are opened can be.
  • the device according to the invention for opening packages e.g. Garbage bags, having at least one cavity that is traversed by the packages to be opened, is characterized in that in the at least one cavity, at least one nozzle that generates a pulsed gas jet is arranged so that the pulsed gas jets at least partially horizontal the cavity or flow vertically and / or in intermediate directions and destructive effect the pulsed gas jets on the surface of the packages and at the same time swirling the contents of the packages so that the contents of the packages are distributed homogeneously on at least one conveyor.
  • packages e.g. Garbage bags
  • at least one nozzle that generates a pulsed gas jet is arranged so that the pulsed gas jets at least partially horizontal the cavity or flow vertically and / or in intermediate directions and destructive effect the pulsed gas jets on the surface of the packages and at the same time swirling the contents of the packages so that the contents of the packages are distributed homogeneously on at least one conveyor.
  • the method is i.a. is advantageously characterized in that the packages to be opened are supplied to at least one cavity in which acts on the outer wall of the packages at least one fine-jet gas stream which damages the package and thereby opens.
  • the gas flow can be enhanced in its effect by additions before the nozzle exit of sand, ice, dry ice, water or other abrasive.
  • the abrasive can be adjusted by a metering unit in the amount.
  • the bundled gas jet in the cavity is aligned horizontally and / or vertically.
  • gas pressure is controllable.
  • At least one pressure tank is disposed at a suitable location in the immediate vicinity of the jet space.
  • the content of the opened packaging is received by at least one conveyor.
  • Another advantage is the fact that the gas flow emerges from the nozzles pulse-like.
  • the cavity before insertion and after discharge has a sound attenuation.
  • the at least one cavity can be built on an existing conveyor.
  • the nozzles can have different opening times.
  • At least one nozzle can lie horizontally and vertically on an axis.
  • At least one dedusting device is connected to the cavity.
  • the FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the device 1 according to the invention for opening of packages, which is constructed according to a predetermined method.
  • the packages 2, which are intended to be garbage bags made of a specific material such as plastic or paper in the present embodiment, are supplied by means of a conveyor 3 via at least one soundproofing element 16, 16 'a cavity 4, in which the packages to be opened at least temporarily , A plurality of nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 "are arranged in this hollow chamber 4, from which a bundled gas stream 8, 8', 8" emerges.
  • This bundled gas stream has, on the one hand, a predetermined cross section, which is generally flat, round
  • the gas stream 8, 8 ', 8 "emerges from the nozzles 7, 7', 7" at a relatively high velocity, wherein the gas pressure in the nozzle can assume, for example, 1-40 bar, which in the present case Embodiment is aligned horizontally and vertically.
  • the gas pressure in the nozzle can assume, for example, 1-40 bar, which in the present case Embodiment is aligned horizontally and vertically.
  • other, intermediate directions are advantageous, so that the opening degree of the bags reaches an optimum.
  • the nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 are connected to a pressure tank 9 and compressor 10, from which via a controllable valve 11, 11', 11" pulse-like the gas nozzles 7, 7 ',
  • abrasive agents such as sand, ice, dry ice and water which can be added via a metering unit 6 in front of the nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 "by injector action, the destructive effect is significantly increased, the abrasive agent being a storage container 12 is removed.
  • the total pressure within the tank 9 is adjusted via a pressure reducer 5.
  • the hollow chamber 4 is subjected to a relatively low negative pressure (pi ⁇ pa), whereby an intensive dust formation on entry and exit from the cavity is largely avoided, where pi is the internal pressure and pa the atmospheric pressure.
  • a dedusting device 15 is connected to the at least one cavity 4, which evacuates the cavity 4 with the fan 17 via a filter 18.
  • both the opened sacks and the contents of the opened sacks are fed to a conveying means which feeds the further material to be sorted to a further processing operation.
  • the FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the cavity transverse to the conveying direction of the conveyor 3.
  • the at least one cavity 4 is equipped with a plurality of nozzles and equipped.
  • the number of gas nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 dependss essentially on the size of the cavity 4, through which the packages 2 to be opened are guided the number of nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 "depends on the material of the packages which are to be damaged and fed via the conveying means 3 to the cavity 4.
  • the direction of the gas jets is not necessarily perpendicular to each other, but may be any adjustable direction
  • the gas to be used flows out continuously at high pressure from the nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 ", the gas jet being formed so that it is sharply focused at least at one point, thereby forming a to develop optimal tearing effect.
  • the direction of the gas jet 8, 8 'of a single nozzle does not have to be constant in one direction, but can be moved back and forth, which can be effected by a hinge 13, 13' on the nozzle 7.
  • the gas jets 8, 8 ', 8 can also emerge in pulsed fashion from the nozzles 7, 7', 7", whereby the tearing action on the packages 2 is increased.
  • the control of the gas jet is effected by a controllable valve 11, 11 ', 11 ", which is arranged between a composite line 14 and the pressure tank 9.
  • the control of both the valves 12 and the nozzles 7, 7', 7" takes place by means of a programmable electronic system ,
  • the Fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of the cavity 4 with a conveyor means 3 arranged thereunder, on which the packages 2 to be opened are supplied to the cavity 4.
  • the packages to be opened enter into the cavity 4 and are guided past the nozzles 7, 7 'by the conveying means 3.
  • the surface of the packages 2 to be opened is hit by a gas jet 8, 8 ', 8 "at least once so that the packaging is torn as a result of the rupture effect of the gas jet and the contents of the package are whirled around and yourself homogeneously distributed on the conveyor 3.
  • a pressure tank 9 is arranged, from which the gas is removed.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a schematic plan view of the cavity 4 and the conveyor 3, on which the openable packages 2 are supplied to the cavity 4.
  • sound damping elements 16 At the input and output area of the cavity 4, there are arranged sound damping elements 16 which at least reduce both the sound and the gas pressure exiting the cavity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung behandelt eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Öffnen von Verpackungen, insbesondere das Öffnen von Müllsäcken, die im Allgemeinen aus Plastik oder einem anderen Material wie beispielsweise Papier hergestellt sind.The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for opening packages, particularly the opening of garbage bags, which are generally made of plastic or other material such as paper.

Derartige Vorrichtungen zum Öffnen von zugebundenen, gefüllten Säcken aus Kunststoff auf einem Förderer, die durch Strahlen einer Einrichtung als Energieumsetzer zerstört werden, wobei die Strahlen wellen- oder tropfenförmig ausgebildet sind und die Sackwand mittelbar oder unmittelbar zerstören, sind aus der Lehre der Druckschrift DE 43 19 790 A1 bekannt. Ziel der Erfindung dieser Druckschrift ist es, die Sackwand des gefüllten Müllsacks mittels eines Energieumsetzers, dessen Strahlen wellen- oder tropfenförmig ausgebildet sind, sicher zu zerstören, so dass der Inhalt des Müllsackes wirksam freigelegt wird. Dabei ist der dort so genannte Energieumsetzer eine Laserstrahlenquelle, deren Strahlung sich auf die Müllsackwand und nicht auf den Inhalt des Müllsackes auswirkt. Der sog. Energieumsetzer kann auch als Druckwassererzeuger ausgebildet sein.Such devices for opening bound, filled bags of plastic on a conveyor, which are destroyed by radiation of a device as an energy converter, the rays are wave or teardrop-shaped and destroy the bag wall directly or indirectly, are from the teaching of the document DE 43 19 790 A1 known. The aim of the invention of this document is to safely destroy the bag wall of the filled garbage bag by means of an energy converter whose jets are wave-shaped or drop-shaped, so that the contents of the garbage bag is effectively exposed. In this case, the so-called energy converter is a laser beam source whose radiation has an effect on the refuse bag wall and not on the contents of the refuse bag. The so-called energy converter can also be designed as a pressurized water generator.

Ferner offenbart die Druckschrift US 4 666 083 A eine Vorrichtung, die einen Flüssigkeitsstrahl hohen Druckes zur Reinigung oder Trennung von hartem Material erzeugt, dem ein geeigneter Festkörper zur Steigerung der Schneid- bzw. Abriebwirkung eines harten Materials zugegeben wird. Dieser Druckschrift ist weiterhin zu entnehmen, dass der Flüssigkeitsstrahl auch gepulst werden kann, um damit die Schneid- und Reinigungswirkung zu erhöhen.Further, the document discloses US 4,666,083 A a device that generates a high pressure liquid jet for cleaning or separating hard material suitable solid is added to increase the cutting or abrasive action of a hard material. This document further shows that the liquid jet can also be pulsed in order to increase the cutting and cleaning effect.

Weiterhin ist die europäischen Patentschrift EP 0 713 831 B1 im Stand der Technik bekannt geworden, die eine Vorrichtung für das Öffnen von Kunststoffsäcken auf einem Förderband offenbart, auf dem die zu öffnenden Müllsäcke Reißelementen in regelmäßigen Abständen zugeführt werden, durch das die Müllsäcke zumindest beschädigt werden. Ferner weist die Vorrichtung ein weiteres Reiß- und Spreizelement für das Greifen der Säcke an den Seiten auf, in dem die Reiß- und Spreizelemente so aufgestellt werden, dass sie einen bestimmten Winkel zur Förderrichtung bilden, mit der Maßgabe, dass sie die Müllsäcke weiter aufreißen und aufspreizen.Furthermore, the European patent specification EP 0 713 831 B1 known in the art, which discloses a device for opening plastic bags on a conveyor belt, on which the openable garbage bags are fed at regular intervals to tear elements, by which the garbage bags are at least damaged. Furthermore, the device has a further tearing and spreading element for gripping the sacks on the sides, in which the tearing and spreading elements are placed so that they form a certain angle to the conveying direction, with the proviso that they continue to tear the garbage bags and spread.

Ferner ist aus der DE 295 05 067 U1 ein Dosier- und Aufgabegerät für Werkstoffsortieranlagen zum Öffnen der gelben Säcke für die Müllbeseitigung bekannt geworden. Diese Vorrichtung weist einen verhältnismäßig großen Trichter auf, in den die zu öffnenden Müllsäcke eingefüllt werden. Unterhalb des Trichters sind zwei Schneckenräder mit scharfkantigen Messerscheiben angeordnet, wobei die beiden Schneckenwalzen gegensinnig zueinander rotieren. Dadurch werden die Säcke zum größten Teil beschädigt und aufgerissen, wobei der Inhalt der Säcke zumindest teilweise aus den Säcken entfernt wird, so dass eine Nachsortierung empfehlenswert ist. Nach dem Öffnen der gelben Säcke fallen diese auf ein Förderband und werden abtransportiert.Furthermore, from the DE 295 05 067 U1 a metering and feeding device for material sorting plants for opening the yellow bags for refuse disposal has become known. This device has a relatively large hopper into which the garbage bags to be opened are filled. Below the funnel two worm wheels are arranged with sharp-edged knife wheels, whereby the two worm rollers rotate in opposite directions to each other. As a result, the sacks are for the most part damaged and torn open, the contents of the sacks being at least partially removed from the sacks, so that re-sorting is recommended. After opening the yellow bags they fall onto a conveyor belt and are transported away.

Eine weitere Druckschrift G 93 09 868.5 offenbart einen Sackaufreisser zum Öffnen und Entleeren von Müllsäcken oder vergleichbaren Produkten, die auf einem Förderband eine enge Passage durchlaufen müssen, wobei die geometrischen Ausmaße der Passage kleiner als die der Müllsäcke ist und somit die Säcke zum Platzen gebracht werden, so dass die anschließenden Bürstenräder die Säcke weiterhin aufnehmen und vollständig aufreißen sollen.Another document G 93 09 868.5 discloses a bag teaser for opening and emptying of garbage bags or similar products that must pass through a narrow passage on a conveyor belt, wherein the geometric dimensions of the passage is smaller than that of the garbage bags and thus the bags are made to burst so that the subsequent brush wheels continue to pick up the bags and rip them completely open.

Als nachteilig wird es im Stand der Technik empfunden, dass die bekannten Anlagen technisch zu aufwändig konstruiert sind, wodurch häufig Müllreste in den Reißelementen hängen bleiben, so dass die Betriebssicherheit und die Verfügbarkeit, sowie die Öffnungsrate zumindest zeitweise nicht gewährleistet ist.As disadvantageous it is felt in the prior art that the known systems are technically designed to be too expensive, which often waste remains stuck in the ripper elements, so that the reliability and availability, and the opening rate is at least temporarily not guaranteed.

Ferner zeigen die im Stand der Technik bekannt gewordenen Vorrichtungen zum Öffnen von Müllsäcken alle den Nachteil, dass sie nicht den gewünschten und notwendigen Öffnungsgrad der Müllsäcke erreichen und darüber hinaus ein hoher Verschleiß durch die mechanische Öffnung entsteht. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist darin zu sehen, dass die Betriebssicherheit erkennbar nicht gewährleistet sein kann, denn die zu öffnenden Müllsäcke haben nicht alle die gleichen geometrischen Ausmaße, so dass es schwierig ist, für alle unterschiedlichen Sackgrößen die geeigneten mechanischen Mittel einzusetzen, damit alle Säcke geöffnet werden können.Furthermore, the known in the prior art devices for opening garbage bags all have the disadvantage that they do not reach the desired and necessary opening degree of garbage bags and beyond a high wear caused by the mechanical opening. A further disadvantage is the fact that the operational reliability can not be guaranteed, because the garbage bags to be opened do not all have the same geometric dimensions, so that it is difficult to use the appropriate mechanical means for all different bag sizes, so that all sacks are opened can be.

Daher ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren und eine nach diesem Verfahren aufgebaute Vorrichtung bereitzustellen, die in der Lage sind, auf einfache kostengünstige Weise eine Verpackung aufzureißen und den Inhalt der Verpackung in einem Massestrom für eine Nachbehandlung aufzubereiten, um anschließend die einzelnen unterschiedlichen Gegenstände zu sortieren, um damit den Trennungsgrad des sortierten Schüttgutes wirksam zu erhöhen.Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a device constructed according to this method, which are able to tear open a packaging in a simple, cost-effective manner and the contents of the packaging in a mass flow for aftertreatment then to sort the individual different objects in order to effectively increase the degree of separation of the sorted bulk material.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen der Hauptansprüche gelöst.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of the main claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Öffnen von Verpackungen, z.B. Müllsäcke, mit mindestens einem Hohlraum, der von den zu öffnenden Verpackungen durchlaufen wird, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem mindestens einen Hohlraum, mindestens eine Düse, die einen gepulsten Gasstrahl erzeugt, so angeordnet ist, dass die gepulsten Gasstrahlen den Hohlraum mindestens teilweise horizontal oder vertikal und/oder in Zwischenrichtungen durchströmen und die gepulsten Gasstrahlen auf die Oberfläche der Verpackungen zerstörend einwirken und gleichzeitig den Inhalt der Verpackungen verwirbelt, so dass sich der Inhalt der Verpackungen homogen auf mindestens einem Fördermittel verteilt.The device according to the invention for opening packages, e.g. Garbage bags, having at least one cavity that is traversed by the packages to be opened, is characterized in that in the at least one cavity, at least one nozzle that generates a pulsed gas jet is arranged so that the pulsed gas jets at least partially horizontal the cavity or flow vertically and / or in intermediate directions and destructive effect the pulsed gas jets on the surface of the packages and at the same time swirling the contents of the packages so that the contents of the packages are distributed homogeneously on at least one conveyor.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Öffnen von Verpackungen, z.B. Müllsäcke, mit mindestens einem Hohlraum, das nachfolgende Verfahrensschritte umfasst:

  • Zuführen der zu öffnenden Verpackungen in einen Hohlraum, der von mindestens einem gepulsten Gasstrahl aus mindestens einer Düse mit hoher Austrittsgeschwindigkeit mindestens teilweise horizontal oder vertikal und/oder in Zwischenrichtungen durchströmt wird;
  • Einschießen mindestens eines auf die zu öffnende Verpackung(Müllsack) gerichteten gepulsten Gasstrahls, der mit hoher Austrittsgeschwindigkeit den Hohlraum mindestens teilweise durchströmt; und
  • der gepulste Gasstrahl im Hohlraum auf die Außenwand der Verpackungen so eingestellt wird, dass er auf die Außenwände der Verpackungen zerstörend einwirkt; und
  • gleichzeitig den Inhalt der Verpackungen verwirbelt, so dass der Inhalt der Verpackungen homogen auf mindestens einem Fördermittel verteilt wird.
The inventive method for opening packages, eg garbage bags, with at least one cavity, comprising the following method steps:
  • Feeding the packages to be opened into a cavity which is flowed through by at least one pulsed gas jet from at least one nozzle with high exit velocity at least partially horizontally or vertically and / or in intermediate directions;
  • Injecting at least one pulsed gas jet directed towards the package (garbage bag) to be opened, which is equipped with high exit velocity at least partially flows through the cavity; and
  • the pulsed gas jet in the cavity is adjusted to the outer wall of the packages so as to be destructive to the outer walls of the packages; and
  • simultaneously swirling the contents of the packages so that the contents of the packages are distributed homogeneously on at least one conveyor.

Das Verfahren ist u.a. ist vorteilhaft dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zu öffnenden Verpackungen mindestens einem Hohlraum zugeführt werden, in dem auf die Außenwand der Verpackungen mindestens ein feinstrahliger Gasstrom einwirkt, der die Verpackung beschädigt und dadurch öffnet.The method is i.a. is advantageously characterized in that the packages to be opened are supplied to at least one cavity in which acts on the outer wall of the packages at least one fine-jet gas stream which damages the package and thereby opens.

Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, dass der Gasstrom in seiner Wirkung durch Zugaben vor dem Düsenaustritt von Sand, Eis, Trockeneis, Wasser oder eines anderen Abrasivmittel verstärkt werden kann.It is advantageous that the gas flow can be enhanced in its effect by additions before the nozzle exit of sand, ice, dry ice, water or other abrasive.

Vorteilhaft ist es ferner, dass das Abrasivmittel über eine Dosiereinheit in der Menge eingestellt werden kann.It is also advantageous that the abrasive can be adjusted by a metering unit in the amount.

Ferner ist es vorteilhaft, dass in dem Hohlraum, in dem sich die zu öffnende Verpackungen zumindest zeitweise aufhalten, mindestens zeitweise ein Gasunterdruck (pi< pa) herrscht.Furthermore, it is advantageous that there is at least temporarily a gas negative pressure (pi <pa) in the cavity in which the packages to be opened at least temporarily reside.

Vorteilhaft ist es ferner, dass der gebündelte Gasstrahl in dem Hohlraum horizontal und/oder vertikal ausgerichtet ist.It is also advantageous that the bundled gas jet in the cavity is aligned horizontally and / or vertically.

Vorteilhaft ist es auch, dass der Gasdruck steuerbar ist.It is also advantageous that the gas pressure is controllable.

Ein weiterer Vorteil wird darin gesehen, dass an geeigneter Stelle in unmittelbarer Nähe des Düsenstrahlraums mindestens ein Drucktank angeordnet ist.Another advantage is seen in that at least one pressure tank is disposed at a suitable location in the immediate vicinity of the jet space.

Vorteilhaft ist es ferner, dass der Inhalt der geöffneten Verpackung von mindestens einem Fördermittel aufgenommen wird.It is also advantageous that the content of the opened packaging is received by at least one conveyor.

Ein weiterer Vorteil ist darin zu sehen, dass die Gasströmung aus den Düsen pulsartig austritt.Another advantage is the fact that the gas flow emerges from the nozzles pulse-like.

Vorteilhaft ist es ferner, dass der Hohlraum vor Einlauf und nach Auslauf eine Schalldämpfung aufweist.It is also advantageous that the cavity before insertion and after discharge has a sound attenuation.

Vorteilhaft ist es ferner, dass der mindestens eine Hohlraum auf eine bestehende Fördereinrichtung aufgebaut werden kann.It is also advantageous that the at least one cavity can be built on an existing conveyor.

Vorteilhaft ist es ferner, dass die Düsen unterschiedliche Öffnungszeiten haben können.It is also advantageous that the nozzles can have different opening times.

Vorteilhaft ist es ferner, dass mindestens eine Düse horizontal und vertikal auf einer Achse liegen können.It is also advantageous that at least one nozzle can lie horizontally and vertically on an axis.

Vorteilhaft ist es auch, dass an dem Hohlraum mindestens eine Entstaubungseinrichtung angeschlossen ist.It is also advantageous that at least one dedusting device is connected to the cavity.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausbildungen sind der Detailbeschreibung zu entnehmen.Further advantageous embodiments are given in the detailed description.

Im nun Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen im Einzelnen näher erläutert. Es zeigt

Figur 1:
eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung (1) mit den wesentlichen Bauelementen;
Figur 2:
eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung quer zur Förderichtung der Verpackungen (2)durch Hohlraum (4) mit dem mit dendarin angeordneten Düsen (7, 7') ;
Figur 3:
eine schematische Seitenansicht des Hohlraums (4) mit darunter angeordnetem Fördermittel (3);
Figur 4:
eine schematische Draufsicht auf den Hohlraum (4).
In the following, the invention will be explained in detail with reference to drawings. It shows
FIG. 1:
a schematic representation of the invention Device (1) with the essential components;
FIG. 2:
a schematic cross-sectional view transversely to the direction of conveyance of the packages (2) through the cavity (4) with the arranged with dendarin nozzles (7, 7 ');
FIG. 3:
a schematic side view of the cavity (4) arranged thereunder conveyor (3);
FIG. 4:
a schematic plan view of the cavity (4).

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 zum Öffnen von Verpackungen, die nach einem vorbestimmten Verfahren aufgebaut ist. Die Verpackungen 2, die im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel Müllsäcke aus einem bestimmten Werkstoff, wie beispielsweise Kunststoff oder Papier sein sollen, werden mittels eines Fördermittels 3 über mindestens ein Schalldämmelement 16, 16' einem Hohlraum 4 zugeführt, in dem sich die zu öffnenden Verpackungen zumindest zeitweise aufhalten. In dieser Hohlkammer 4 sind eine Mehrzahl von Düsen 7, 7',7'' angeordnet, aus denen ein gebündelter Gasstrom 8, 8',8" austritt. Dieser gebündelte Gasstrom weist einerseits einen vorbestimmten Querschnitt auf, der in der Regel flach, rund oder oval ausgebildet sein kann. Der Gasstrom 8, 8',8" tritt aus den Düsen 7, 7',7" mit einer verhältnismäßig hohen Geschwindigkeit aus, wobei der Gasdruck in der Düse beispielsweise 1-40 bar annehmen kann, der im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel horizontal und vertikal ausgerichtet ist. Vorteilhaft sind selbstverständlich auch andere, dazwischen liegende Richtungen, damit der Öffnungsgrad der Säcke ein Optimum erreicht. Zur Erzeugung eines kontinuierlich verwendbaren hohen Gasdrucks, sind die Düsen 7, 7',7" an einen Drucktank 9 und Kompressor 10 angeschlossen, aus dem über ein steuerbares Ventil 11, 11', 11" pulsartig das Gas den Düsen 7, 7',7" zugeführt wird. Durch Zugabe von Abrasivmitteln wie Sand, Eis, Trockeneis und Wasser welche über eine Dosiereinheit 6 vor den Düsen 7, 7',7" durch Injektorwirkung zugegeben werden kann, wird die Zerstörungswirkung deutlich erhöht, wobei das Abrasivmittel einem Vorratsbehältnis 12 entnommen wird. Der Gesamtdruck innerhalb des Tanks 9 wird über ein Druckminderer 5 eingestellt. Die Hohlkammer 4 ist mit einem verhältnismäßig geringem Unterdruck (pi < pa) beaufschlagt, wodurch eine intensive Staubentwicklung bei Eintritt und Austritt aus dem Hohlraum weitgehend vermieden wird, wobei pi der Innendruck und pa der atmosphärische Druck ist. Zu diesem Zwecke ist an dem mindestens einen Hohlraum 4 eine Entstaubungsvorrichtung 15 angeschlossen, die mit dem Ventilator 17 über einen Filter 18 den Hohlraum 4 evakuiert.The FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the device 1 according to the invention for opening of packages, which is constructed according to a predetermined method. The packages 2, which are intended to be garbage bags made of a specific material such as plastic or paper in the present embodiment, are supplied by means of a conveyor 3 via at least one soundproofing element 16, 16 'a cavity 4, in which the packages to be opened at least temporarily , A plurality of nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 "are arranged in this hollow chamber 4, from which a bundled gas stream 8, 8', 8" emerges. This bundled gas stream has, on the one hand, a predetermined cross section, which is generally flat, round The gas stream 8, 8 ', 8 "emerges from the nozzles 7, 7', 7" at a relatively high velocity, wherein the gas pressure in the nozzle can assume, for example, 1-40 bar, which in the present case Embodiment is aligned horizontally and vertically. Of course, other, intermediate directions are advantageous, so that the opening degree of the bags reaches an optimum. To generate a continuously usable high gas pressure, the nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 "are connected to a pressure tank 9 and compressor 10, from which via a controllable valve 11, 11', 11" pulse-like the gas nozzles 7, 7 ', By adding abrasive agents such as sand, ice, dry ice and water which can be added via a metering unit 6 in front of the nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 "by injector action, the destructive effect is significantly increased, the abrasive agent being a storage container 12 is removed. The total pressure within the tank 9 is adjusted via a pressure reducer 5. The hollow chamber 4 is subjected to a relatively low negative pressure (pi <pa), whereby an intensive dust formation on entry and exit from the cavity is largely avoided, where pi is the internal pressure and pa the atmospheric pressure. For this purpose, a dedusting device 15 is connected to the at least one cavity 4, which evacuates the cavity 4 with the fan 17 via a filter 18.

Nach dem die zu öffnenden Verpackungen 2 den Hohlraum 4 durchlaufen haben und die Säcke vollständig geöffnet sind, werden sowohl die geöffneten Säcke als auch der Inhalt der geöffneten Säcke einem Fördermittel zugeführt, das das weiter zu sortierende Gesamtmaterial einem weiteren Verarbeitungsvorgang zuführt.After the packages 2 to be opened have passed through the cavity 4 and the sacks are completely opened, both the opened sacks and the contents of the opened sacks are fed to a conveying means which feeds the further material to be sorted to a further processing operation.

Die Figur 2 zeigt eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung des Hohlraums quer zur Förderichtung des Fördermittels 3. Der mindestens eine Hohlraum 4 ist mit einer Mehrzahl von Düsen ausgerüstet und bestückt. Die Anzahl der Gasdüsen 7, 7',7" richtet sich maßgeblich nach der Größe des Hohlraums 4, durch den die zu öffnenden Verpackungen 2 geführt werden. Ferner richtet sich die Anzahl der Düsen 7, 7',7" nach dem Material der Verpackungen, die zu beschädigen sind und über das Fördermittel 3 dem Hohlraum 4 zugeführt werden. Weiterhin ist die Richtung der Gasstrahlen nicht notwendigerweise senkrecht zueinander, sondern können jede beliebige einstellbare Richtung in dem Hohlraum 4 einnehmen. Im einfachsten Fall strömt das zu verwendende Gas kontinuierlich mit hohem Druck aus den Düsen 7, 7',7" aus, wobei der Gasstrahl so ausgebildet ist, dass er zumindest an einer Stelle scharf fokussiert ist, um dadurch eine optimale Reißwirkung zu entfalten. Auch muss die Richtung des Gasstrahls 8, 8' einer einzelnen Düse nicht konstant in eine Richtung weisen, sondern kann hin und her bewegt werden, was durch ein Gelenk 13, 13' an der Düse 7 bewirkt werden kann. Je nachdem wie die zu öffnenden Verpackungen bzw. Müllsäcke in den Hohlraum 4 eintreten, können die Gasstrahlen 8, 8',8" auch gepulst aus den Düsen 7, 7',7" austreten, wodurch die Reißwirkung an den Verpackungen 2 gesteigert wird. Die Steuerung des Gasstrahls erfolgt durch ein steuerbares Ventil 11, 11', 11", das zwischen einer Verbundleitung 14 und dem Drucktank 9 angeordnet ist. Die Steuerung sowohl der Ventile 12 und der Düsen 7, 7', 7" erfolgt mittels einer programmierbaren Elektronik.The FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the cavity transverse to the conveying direction of the conveyor 3. The at least one cavity 4 is equipped with a plurality of nozzles and equipped. The number of gas nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 "depends essentially on the size of the cavity 4, through which the packages 2 to be opened are guided the number of nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 "depends on the material of the packages which are to be damaged and fed via the conveying means 3 to the cavity 4. Furthermore, the direction of the gas jets is not necessarily perpendicular to each other, but may be any adjustable direction In the simplest case, the gas to be used flows out continuously at high pressure from the nozzles 7, 7 ', 7 ", the gas jet being formed so that it is sharply focused at least at one point, thereby forming a to develop optimal tearing effect. Also, the direction of the gas jet 8, 8 'of a single nozzle does not have to be constant in one direction, but can be moved back and forth, which can be effected by a hinge 13, 13' on the nozzle 7. Depending on how the packages or garbage bags to be opened enter the cavity 4, the gas jets 8, 8 ', 8 "can also emerge in pulsed fashion from the nozzles 7, 7', 7", whereby the tearing action on the packages 2 is increased. The control of the gas jet is effected by a controllable valve 11, 11 ', 11 ", which is arranged between a composite line 14 and the pressure tank 9. The control of both the valves 12 and the nozzles 7, 7', 7" takes place by means of a programmable electronic system ,

Die Fig. 3 zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht des Hohlraums 4 mit einem darunter angeordneten Fördermittel 3, auf dem die zu öffnenden Verpackungen 2 dem Hohlraum 4 zugeführt werden. Die zu öffnenden Verpackungen treten in den Hohlraum 4 ein und werden durch das Fördermittel 3 an den Düsen 7, 7' vorbeigeführt. Während des Durchfahrens der Verpackungen des Hohlraum 4 wird die Oberfläche der zu öffnenden Verpackungen 2 mindestens einmal von einem Gasstrahl 8, 8', 8" getroffen, so dass infolge der Reißwirkung des Gasstrahls die Verpackung zerrissen wird und der Inhalt der Verpackung durcheinander gewirbelt wird und sich homogen auf dem Fördermittel 3 verteilt. Oberhalb des Hohlraues 4 ist ein Drucktank 9 angeordnet, dem das Gas entnommen wird.The Fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of the cavity 4 with a conveyor means 3 arranged thereunder, on which the packages 2 to be opened are supplied to the cavity 4. The packages to be opened enter into the cavity 4 and are guided past the nozzles 7, 7 'by the conveying means 3. During the passage through the packages of the cavity 4, the surface of the packages 2 to be opened is hit by a gas jet 8, 8 ', 8 "at least once so that the packaging is torn as a result of the rupture effect of the gas jet and the contents of the package are whirled around and yourself homogeneously distributed on the conveyor 3. Above the Hohlraues 4, a pressure tank 9 is arranged, from which the gas is removed.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt eine schematische Draufsicht auf den Hohlraum 4 und das Fördermittel 3, auf dem die zu öffnenden Verpackungen 2 dem Hohlraum 4 zugeführt werden. Am Ein- und Ausgangsbereich des Hohlraumes 4 sind Schalldämpfungselemente 16 angeordnet, die sowohl den Schall als auch den aus dem Hohlraum austretenden Gasdruck zumindest mindern.The Fig. 4 shows a schematic plan view of the cavity 4 and the conveyor 3, on which the openable packages 2 are supplied to the cavity 4. At the input and output area of the cavity 4, there are arranged sound damping elements 16 which at least reduce both the sound and the gas pressure exiting the cavity.

Claims (11)

  1. Device (1) for opening packages (2), such as garbage bags, with at least a hollow space (4), which passes through the packages (2) to be opened, characterized in that at least one cavity (4) is equipped with at least one nozzle (7, 7', 7 ") that generates a pulsed gas Jet (8, 8', 8"), which is so arranged that at least one of the pulsed gas jet (8, 8', 8 ') flushed the cavity (4) at least partially horizontally or vertically and/or in intermediate directions, and the pulsed gas jet (8, 8', 8 ') destructive effects on the surface of the packages (2) and at the same time swirling the contents of the packages (2), so that the contents of the packages (2) is distributed homogeneously on at least one means of conveyor (3).
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a first cavity (4), in which the packages (2) to be opened temporarily reside, at least temporarily a gas pressure (Pi<pa) prevails.
  3. Device to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas pressure and the flow direction can be controlled.
  4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a pressure tank (9) is arranged at a suitable location in the immediate vicinity of the nozzle beam space (cavity) (4).
  5. Device to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the content of the opened packages (2) is received by at least one conveying means (3).
  6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one dedusting device (15) is connected to the at least a cavity (4), which can be designed as a cyclone.
  7. Device after one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first cavity (4) is designed as a spinning chamber in which the to be opened packages (2) are irregularly shaken up.
  8. Device to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity (4) before inlet and outlet are equipped with a silencer.
  9. Method to open the packages (2), such as garbage bags, with at least one hollow space (4), which includes the following steps:
    - Feeding the packages (2) to be opened in a cavity (4) showing at least one pulsed gas jet (8, 8', 8 ") from at least one nozzle (7, 7', 7") having a high exit velocity at least partially horizontally or vertically and / or by flowing in intermediate directions;
    - Shooting at least one pulsed gas jet (8, 8', 8') with high-speed exit on the package (2) to be open (garbage bag) with high-speed exit the cavity (4) at least partially passes through; and
    - the pulsed gas jet (8, 8', 8') in the cavity (4) is adjusted on the outside of the packaging (2) that it acts destructive on the outer walls of the packaging; and
    - at the same time swirling the contents of the packaging (2) so that the content of the packaging (2) is distributed homogeneously on at least one means of conveyor (3).
  10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the gas flow in its effect can be enhanced by encores before the nozzle outlet of sand, ice, dry ice, water, or of other abrasives.
  11. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the quantity of the abrasive can be adjusted through a metering unit.
EP20110788762 2011-06-01 2011-06-01 Device for opening packages Active EP2753547B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2011/001153 WO2012163311A1 (en) 2011-06-01 2011-06-01 Device for opening packages

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EP2753547A1 EP2753547A1 (en) 2014-07-16
EP2753547B1 true EP2753547B1 (en) 2015-05-06

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DE (1) DE112011105297A5 (en)
WO (1) WO2012163311A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022046433A1 (en) * 2020-08-27 2022-03-03 Prototype Garage Llc Method and apparatus for separating waste materials

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US3708121A (en) * 1971-04-19 1973-01-02 Exotech Apparatus for forming pulse jets of liquid
FR2416182A1 (en) * 1978-02-06 1979-08-31 Colinet Const Mec MECHANICAL OPENING AND EMPTYING MACHINE FOR BAGS MAY CONTAIN A TOXIC PRODUCT
DE2830560A1 (en) * 1978-07-12 1980-01-31 Babcock Bsh Ag DEVICE FOR SLICING AND EMPTYING BAGS
US4666083A (en) * 1985-11-21 1987-05-19 Fluidyne Corporation Process and apparatus for generating particulate containing fluid jets
DE4319790A1 (en) * 1993-05-10 1994-11-17 Adam Udo Maschinenfabrik Device for opening rubbish bags
NL9401966A (en) 1994-11-24 1995-09-01 Busschers Metaalbedrijf Bv Device for opening bags.
DE29505067U1 (en) 1995-03-25 1995-09-28 Innotech Industrieanlagen GmbH Neustadt, 01844 Neustadt Dosing and feeding device for material sorting systems for opening the yellow bags
EP0864499A1 (en) * 1997-03-14 1998-09-16 Compagnie Générale d'Entreprises Automobiles C.G.E.A. Process to open bags
US6220529B1 (en) * 2000-02-10 2001-04-24 Jet Edge Division Tc/American Monorail, Inc. Dual pressure valve arrangement for waterjet cutting system
BE1016213A3 (en) * 2004-09-23 2006-05-02 Siera Alexander Henk Gerard Waste shredder for recycling. comprises nozzles for cutting waste on conveyor belt with high pressure liquid jets
DE102008018726A1 (en) * 2008-04-14 2009-10-15 Josef Gail Semi-finished product e.g. web or sheet material, processing device, for e.g. aerospace industry, has releasing device with gas jet arrangements, with which gas jet is generated, where gas jet is directed towards end edge

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022046433A1 (en) * 2020-08-27 2022-03-03 Prototype Garage Llc Method and apparatus for separating waste materials

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DE112011105297A5 (en) 2014-03-06
EP2753547A1 (en) 2014-07-16
WO2012163311A1 (en) 2012-12-06

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