CN203275376U

CN203275376U - Measurement device for zero calibration and K value of axle transverse wave angular sensor

Info

Publication number: CN203275376U
Application number: CN 201320329059
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周纲; 熊玉静; 纪德星; 吉世剑
Original assignee: CSR Luoyang Locomotive Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Luoyang Locomotive Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-06-07
Filing date: 2013-06-07
Publication date: 2013-11-06
Anticipated expiration: 2023-06-07

Abstract

The utility model relates to a measurement device and a measurement method for zero calibration and K value of an axle transverse wave angular sensor used when the axle of a railway vehicle is subjected to ultrasonic flaw detection, mainly solving the problem that the fatigue crack of a press fitting part is large in error in the process that the axle of the existing railway vehicle is subjected to ultrasonic transverse wave detection. The measurement device comprises an ultrasonic flaw detector, a probe and a test block and is characterized in that the two axial end faces of an axle entity reference block are respectively provided with a centre hole and three bolt holes; the inner and outer sides of an axle insertion part on the axle entity reference block are both provided with wire cutting manual grooves of which the widths are less than 0.2mm and the depths are respectively 1mm, 2mm and 4mm. The measurement device provided by the utility model is convenient to operate, can more accurately find the position of the largest reflected wave of the circumferential crack, and effectively improves the detection efficiency and flaw positioning precision in the ultrasonic transverse wave detection of the axle.

Description

The axle measurement mechanism of transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point correction and K value

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the ultrasonic detecting technology field, is specifically related to a kind of axle used during for the rolling stock ultrasonic flaw detection of car axle with the measurement mechanism of transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point correction and K value.

Background technology

The rolling stock axletree section of being bumped into defect detection on ultrasonic basis commonly used comprises small angle longitudinal wave defectoscopy and shear wave detection method.Because the shear wave detection method has higher detection sensitivity, thus each locomotive overhaul producer in, the overhaul wheel to the time mainly adopt shear wave to survey the section that is bumped into of axletree, in order to detect timely and effectively fatigue crack.Compare with analog defectoscope due to digital ultrasonic flaw detector stronger data-handling capacity is arranged, can realize the subsidiary function of more detecting a flaw, be conducive to defective the location, quantitatively reach character and judge soundly, therefore now adopt digital ultrasonic flaw detector Ultrasonic Detection axletrees more, and wafer size commonly used is the axle transverse wave double-bevel detector of 13mm * 13mm, but practice showed in the past, and was usually larger for the positioning error of crackle, more than mean level range deviation 6mm～10mm.Need first measure some performance parameters of angle probe and workpiece itself before shear wave detects, wherein mainly comprise zero point, forward position value, K value and the workpiece velocity of sound of probe, these important parameters all can directly affect the quantitative precision of defect location in the process of flaw detection in the future.

At present, calibration of axes mainly contains two kinds with the measuring method of transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point, forward position and K value.

Method one is selected the R50 in CSK-IA test block 1, the R100 arc surface is measured angle probe 2 zero point velocity of sound and forward position value as shown in Figure 1.Measure φ 50mm hole 3 or φ 1.5mm hole 4 in the general use of K value CSK-IA test block, the K value is less than or equal to 1.5 probe, and surveying diameter by mode shown in Figure 2 is 50mm circular hole 3; The probe of K value between 1.5 and 2.5, surveying diameter by mode shown in Figure 3 is 50mm circular hole 3; The K value surveys by mode shown in Figure 4 the circular hole 4 that diameter is 1.5mm greater than 2.5 probe.This method is best suited for the plane angle probe, and there is certain deviation with the equal concave surface of reconditioning for matching with the axletree surface of the wedge surface of contact of angle probe in axle so axle is placed in zero point measured in the CSK-IA test block, forward position value and K value with angle probe.

Method two is first the scale mode of digital ultrasonic flaw detector to be made as " degree of depth ", and to preset the workpiece velocity of sound be 3230m/s.Manual adjustments angle probe zero point and K pH-value determination pH all on the A face of TZS-R test block 5 degree of depth be the line cutting artificial slot 6 of 1mm, artificial slot 6 is object reflector apart from R face 60mm place, as shown in Figure 5, angle probe 2 is moved on TZS-R test block R face, making the degree of depth on the A face is that the highest reflection echo of the line cutting artificial slot 6 of 1mm appears at Bo Mennei and wave height 80%, regulate instrument and be correlated with zero point, the degree of depth reading value that makes artificial slot 6 maximum echoes is 60mm, and namely mix up zero point this moment.Measure simultaneously test block A face to the horizontal range X of probe 2 front end faces, calculate Front distance value L by 60K-X, and be input in the parameter hurdle of instrument.Then select the related key of test probe K value, with nominal K value, object reflector diameter (1mm), the reflecting body central depths (60mm) of probe, the input ultra-sonic defect detector calculates the probe K value by instrument respectively.Adopt this method manual calibration axle comparatively accurate with zero point and the forward position value of angle probe, still due to the impact of sound path, actual measurement K value is bigger than normal.

Summary of the invention

Easy operating when the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of flaw detection work for above-mentioned weak point exactly, can reduce the defect location error in the flaw detection process, the axle measurement mechanism of transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point correction and K value that effectively improves the defect location quantitative accuracy.

Technical solution of the present utility model comprises ultra-sonic defect detector, probe and test block, it is characterized in that: test block is comprised of test block and two test blocks of axletree reference block in kind, be respectively equipped with a centre hole and three bolts hole on two axial end of axletree reference block in kind, the medial and lateral that axletree on axletree contrast in kind piece is bumped into section are equipped with width less than 0.2mm, and the degree of depth is respectively the line cutting artificial slot of 1mm, 2mm, 4mm.

The utility model is directly to measure axle with the K value of angle probe in axletree reference block in kind, and the press-fit portion degree of depth in the axletree test block in kind is as the criterion as the line of 1mm cuts the measured K value measured value of the artificial slot degree of depth.This scheme is a kind of the most directly and effectively K value correction method, and the good axletree detection with transversal waves of adjustment sensitivity rapidly, and is applicable to the axle angle probe of different chips size, and test findings shows that the defect location error is little.When selecting to possess the digital ultrasonic flaw detector of automatic test probe K value function, the object reflector diameter is made as 1mm, and according to the test surface position, namely 1/2nd of two diameter of axle size sums of axle body or axle journal place and press-fit portion determine that instrument requires the reflecting body central depths of inputting.When using when not possessing the digital super spy instrument of automatic test probe K value function, can and calculate actual measurement K value by manual measurement, then in the direct parameter hurdle that the K value is input to instrument.The utility model is easy and simple to handle, can find more exactly the maximum reflection ripple position of circumferential crack, effectively improves detection efficiency and defect location precision in the testing of axletree ultrasonic shear waves.The axle used measurement of transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point correction and K value when the utility model is mainly used in the rolling stock ultrasonic flaw detection of car axle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the method schematic diagram of known R50, the R100 arc surface mensuration angle probe velocity of sound at zero point and forward position value in the CSK-IA test block.

Fig. 2 is that known K value is less than or equal to 1.5 angle probe K pH-value determination pH schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is the angle probe K pH-value determination pH schematic diagram of known K value between 1.5 and 2.5.

Fig. 4 is known K value greater than 2.5 angle probe K pH-value determination pH schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 be known in the TZS-R test block calibration of axes with the instrumentation plan of transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point, forward position and K value.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the utility model axletree reference block in kind.

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that the utility model axis is measured with transverse wave double-bevel detector K value.

In figure, 1 is the CSK-IA test block; The 2nd, angle probe; φ 50mm hole in the 3rd, CSK-IA test block; φ 1.5mm hole in the 4th, CSK-IA test block; The 5th, TZS-R test block; On the 6th, TZS-R test block A face, the degree of depth is the line cutting artificial slot of 1mm; The 7th, axletree reference block in kind; The 8th, the axle body place; The 9th, the axle journal place; The 10th, in axletree reference block in kind, the degree of depth is the line cutting artificial slot of 1mm; The 11st, axletree is bumped into press-fit portion.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Measuring method of the present utility model:

Use the utility model calibration of axes with transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point, forward position and K value.

Instrument: the PXUT that Nantong friend's connection company produces-350C type all-digital intelligent ultrasonic flaw detector;

The probe: 2.5P13 * 13K1 and 2.5P22 * 25K1 axle with angle probe each one;

Test block: TZS-110 test block, the reference block in kind of DF4B type locomotive semiaxis.

concrete grammar is as follows: change the scale mode of digital ultrasonic flaw detector into " degree of depth ", and pre-entered the transverse wave velocity 3230m/s of plain carbon steel, the manual adjustments axle with angle probe zero point and K pH-value determination pH all on the A face of TZS-110 test block 5 degree of depth as the line cutting artificial slot 6 of 1mm as object reflector, as shown in Figure 5, angle probe 2 is moved on the R of TZS-110 test block 5 face, making the degree of depth on the A face is screen Bo Mennei and the wave height 80% that the highest reflection echo of the line cutting artificial slot 6 of 1mm appears at ultra-sonic defect detector, regulating ultra-sonic defect detector is correlated with zero point, the degree of depth reading value that makes artificial slot 6 maximum echoes is 60mm, namely mix up zero point this moment.Measure simultaneously test block A face to the horizontal range X of probe 2 front end faces, calculate Front distance value L by 60K-X, and be input in the parameter hurdle of ultra-sonic defect detector.then axle is placed in axle body 8 places of the long wheel seat side of DF4B type locomotive semiaxis reference block 7 in kind with angle probe 2, regulate related key and the parameter of ultra-sonic defect detector, survey long wheel seat inboard, namely the degree of depth apart from axial end 640mm is the line cutting artificial slot 10 of 1mm, and its best reflection echo wave amplitude is adjusted to video screen vertically completely 80% of width, select the related key of test probe K value, respectively with the nominal K value (1) of popping one's head in, object reflector diameter (1mm), reflecting body central depths (223mm) is input to ultra-sonic defect detector and automatically calculates shaft angle probe K value by digital ultrasonic flaw detector.Test result sees Table 1.

Table 1 test result of the present utility model

Annotate: in order to reduce the artificial error of measuring, above each test data is the mean value of 3 tests.

Embodiment 2

The contrast test of defect location error:

Use No. 1 and No. 2 probes, adopt respectively method one, method two and the utility model method shear wave to detect the 1mm artificial slot of 650-1 and two lines cuttings of 530-1 in the test block in kind of DF8B type locomotive monolithic wheel axletree, contrast verification the defect location precision of above-mentioned three kinds of methods.In order to control the accidental error of test, each data is 3 testing means of two lines cutting artificial slots, is accurate to ± 0.1mm with the deviation mean value of real standard distance, and test result sees Table 2.

The error contrast of the ARTIFICIAL CRACK horizontal range that three kinds of methods of table 2 are measured

Data from table 2 as seen, use the utility model can find more exactly the maximum reflection ripple position of circumferential crack, effectively improve detection efficiency and defect location precision in the testing of axletree ultrasonic shear waves, therefore had practicality and feasibility in the detection with transversal waves process of rolling stock axletree.

Claims

1. an axle is with the measurement mechanism of transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point correction and K value, comprise ultra-sonic defect detector, probe (2) test block (5), it is characterized in that: test block is comprised of test block (5) and (7) two test blocks of axletree reference block in kind, be respectively equipped with a centre hole and three bolts hole on two axial end of axletree reference block in kind (7), the medial and lateral that axletree on axletree contrast in kind piece (7) is bumped into section (11) are equipped with width less than 0.2mm, and the degree of depth is respectively the line cutting artificial slot of 1mm, 2mm, 4mm.