CN109444269B - Contrast test block for ultrasonic phased array detection bolt and use method - Google Patents
Contrast test block for ultrasonic phased array detection bolt and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109444269B CN109444269B CN201811601002.0A CN201811601002A CN109444269B CN 109444269 B CN109444269 B CN 109444269B CN 201811601002 A CN201811601002 A CN 201811601002A CN 109444269 B CN109444269 B CN 109444269B
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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Abstract
The invention relates to a comparison test block for an ultrasonic phased array detection bolt and a use method thereof, wherein the test block is formed by a cuboid and two circular arc end surfaces left and right along the width direction, 4 straight cutting grooves, namely a straight cutting groove a1, a straight cutting groove a2, a straight cutting groove a3 and a straight cutting groove a4 are horizontally distributed on one circular arc end surface I at equal intervals, 5 straight cutting grooves, namely a straight cutting groove b1, a straight cutting groove b2, a straight cutting groove b3, a straight cutting groove b4 and a straight cutting groove b5 are horizontally distributed on the other circular arc end surface II at equal intervals, and through holes are formed on the surface of the center position of the test block width. The invention has the beneficial effects that: ACG calibration and sensitivity calibration can be realized simultaneously, functions are concentrated, standard procedures are simplified, instrument adjustment of bolts with the size ranging from 30mm to 200mm can be met, processing is simple, portability is convenient, and working efficiency is improved. The reference block can be repeatedly used for a long time, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to a contrast test block for an ultrasonic phased array detection bolt and a use method thereof, which are contrast test blocks for parameter setting and sensitivity adjustment during the ultrasonic phased array detection of the bolt.
Background
Bolt connection is widely used in mechanical manufacturing and mechanical equipment installation, and bolts are important fasteners on special equipment such as boilers, pressure vessels and pressure pipelines, and play roles in connection, positioning, sealing and the like. Because of different use occasions, the load born by the bolts and the working conditions are very complex, and the bolts are easy to break or lose efficacy due to the complex stress, temperature and other actions born in the processes of processing, mounting, service use and the like. Defects such as fatigue cracks generated in use of bolts are not easy to find and difficult to prevent, and fatigue is often brittle failure, sudden and easy to cause accidents. For this reason, the safety of bolts is attracting more and more attention. At present, in the ultrasonic phased array detection process of bolts, no existing comparison test block and use method for ultrasonic phased array detection bolts exist, a section of bolts is usually selected to be used for processing a straight cutting groove with the depth of 1mm, the width of 0.25mm and the length of 10mm, which is equivalent to the maximum detection sound path or the root of the thread to be detected, as a simulation defect, the repeated usability is poor, the cost is high, and the method is only suitable for detection sensitivity calibration.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the state of the art and the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides the reference block for the ultrasonic phased array detection bolt and the use method thereof, and the reference block can be used for ACG calibration and sensitivity calibration, so that the ultrasonic phased array detection bolt is simple to process, convenient to carry, capable of being repeatedly used for a long time, reduced in cost and improved in working efficiency.
The invention adopts the technical proposal for realizing the aim that: the utility model provides an ultrasonic phased array detects bolt and uses contrast test block which characterized in that: the test block consists of a cuboid and two circular arc end surfaces left and right along the width direction, 4 straight cutting grooves, namely a straight cutting groove a1, a straight cutting groove a2, a straight cutting groove a3 and a straight cutting groove a4 are horizontally and equidistantly distributed on one circular arc end surface I, 5 straight cutting grooves, namely a straight cutting groove b1, a straight cutting groove b2, a straight cutting groove b3, a straight cutting groove b4 and a straight cutting groove b5 are horizontally and equidistantly distributed on the other circular arc end surface II, through holes are formed in the surface of the center position of the width of the test block, and the distance between the hole center of each through hole and the lower end surface of the test block is 50mm;
the length of the test block is 240mm, the thickness of the test block is 40mm, the width of the test block is 113mm, the width dimension of the test block is the distance between two arc-shaped end faces, the radius of each of the arc-shaped end faces I and II is 60mm, and the center axes of the arc-shaped end faces I and II are coincident;
the distances between the centers of the straight cutting groove a1, the straight cutting groove a2, the straight cutting groove a3 and the straight cutting groove a4 and the upper end face of the test block are respectively as follows: 60mm, 100mm, 140mm, 180mm;
the distances between the centers of the straight cutting groove b1, the straight cutting groove b2, the straight cutting groove b3, the straight cutting groove b4 and the straight cutting groove b5 and the upper end face of the test block are respectively as follows: 40mm, 80mm, 120mm, 160mm, 200mm;
the dimensions of each straight slot are: 1mm deep, 0.25mm wide and 10mm long;
the diameter of the through hole is phi 3mm, and the distance between the center of the through hole and the lower end face of the test block is 50mm.
The application method of the comparison test block for the ultrasonic phased array detection bolt is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
first, ACG calibration, i.e., angular gain correction: the ultrasonic phased array probe is arranged at the left side of the lower end surface of the reference block, the ultrasonic phased array probe emits ultrasonic beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block, the ultrasonic beams with different angles can generate different ultrasonic energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic beams with different angles to have the same effect, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, the ultrasonic beams with different angles are transmitted to the through hole, when the sound waves are transmitted to the surface of the through hole, reflected sound waves are generated, the reflected sound waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe, the ultrasonic phased array probe transmits the sound wave energy value back to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument can find that the reflected energy of the sound waves with different angles is different, the ultrasonic phased array instrument can compensate some energy for the angle sound beam with low energy so as to increase the ultrasonic energy of the sound beam, and conversely reduce the ultrasonic energy of the sound beam so as to achieve the same effect of all angles, and achieve the effect of ACG calibration by the through hole;
second, TCG correction: the ultrasonic phased array probe is arranged at the right side of the upper end face of the reference block, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe, the reflection values of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different from the numerical value displayed on the ultrasonic phased array device, the reflection energy value/the full screen value ratio of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflection wave energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving b1, when the sound waves are transmitted to the surface of the grooving b1, reflected sound waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe, the ultrasonic phased array probe transmits the sound wave energy value back to the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates the angle sound beams with the low energy of 80%, the angle reflected wave energy of the ultrasonic phased array instrument reaches 81%, the ultrasonic wave energy of the ultrasonic phased array beam is reduced, the same effect of all angles is achieved, the effect of TCG correction is achieved, when the sound waves with the grooving b1 is transmitted to the surface of the grooving b1, and the maximum reflection echo is adjusted to 80% of the reference sensitivity;
the ultrasonic phased array probe is arranged at the left side of the upper end surface of the reference block, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe, the reflection values of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different from the numerical value displayed on the ultrasonic phased array device, the reflection energy value/the full screen value ratio of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflection wave energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, so that the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving a1, when the sound waves are transmitted to the surface of the grooving a1, reflected sound waves are generated, the reflected sound waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe, the sound wave energy value is transmitted back to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates the angle sound beams with the low energy of 80%, the angle reflected wave energy of the ultrasonic phased array instrument is 81%, and conversely reduces the ultrasonic wave energy of the sound beam, so that the energy of all angles is the same, the effect of TCG correction is achieved, when the ultrasonic wave beams with the full angle is utilized, the grooving a1 is adjusted, and the maximum reflection echo is 80% of the grooving sensitivity;
the ultrasonic phased array probe is arranged at the right side of the upper end face of the reference block, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe, the reflection values of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different from the numerical value displayed on the ultrasonic phased array device, the reflection energy value/the full screen value ratio of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflection wave energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, so that the acoustic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving b2, when the acoustic wave is transmitted to the surface of the grooving b2, the reflection acoustic wave is transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe, the acoustic wave energy value is transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates for the angle acoustic wave beam with the low energy of 80%, and conversely reduces the ultrasonic wave energy of the angle reflection wave energy of the acoustic wave beam to reach the same effect of all angles, so that the effect of TCG correction is realized, when the acoustic wave beam is transmitted to the grooving b2, the reflection acoustic wave beam is transmitted back to the grooving b2, and the reflection echo is adjusted to the maximum 80% of the sensitivity as the grooving;
the ultrasonic phased array probe is arranged at the left side of the upper end surface of the reference block, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe, the reflection values of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different from the numerical value displayed on the ultrasonic phased array device, the reflection energy value/the full screen value ratio of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflection wave energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, so that the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving a2, when the sound waves are transmitted to the surface of the grooving a2, reflected sound waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe, the ultrasonic phased array probe transmits the sound wave energy value back to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates the angle sound beam with the low energy of 80%, and conversely reduces the ultrasonic wave energy of the angle reflected wave energy of the sound beam to reach the same effect of all angles, so that the effect of TCG correction is achieved, when the sound waves with the ultrasonic phased array is transmitted to the grooving a2, and the maximum reflection echo is adjusted to 80% of the reference sensitivity;
the ultrasonic phased array probe is arranged at the right side of the upper end face of the reference block, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe, the reflection values of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different from the numerical value displayed on the ultrasonic phased array device, the reflection energy value/the full screen value ratio of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflection wave energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving b3, when the sound waves are transmitted to the surface of the grooving b3, reflected sound waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe, the ultrasonic phased array probe transmits the sound wave energy value back to the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates the angle sound beam with the low energy of 80%, the angle reflected wave energy of the ultrasonic phased array instrument reaches 81%, the ultrasonic wave energy of the ultrasonic phased array is reduced, the same effect of all angles is achieved, the effect of TCG correction is achieved, when the sound waves with the grooving b3 is transmitted to the surface, and the maximum reflection echo wave is adjusted to 80% of the reference sensitivity;
the ultrasonic phased array probe is arranged at the left side of the upper end surface of the reference block, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe, the reflection values of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different from the numerical value displayed on the ultrasonic phased array device, the reflection energy value/the full screen value ratio of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflection wave energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, so that the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving a3, when the sound waves are transmitted to the surface of the grooving a3, the reflection sound waves are generated, the reflection sound waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe, the sound wave energy value is transmitted back to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates some energy for the angle sound beams with the low energy of 80%, and conversely reduces the ultrasonic wave energy of the sound beams, so that the energy of all angles is the same, and the grooving effect is achieved, and the TCG correction is achieved by using b 1; the method comprises the steps of scanning a straight grooving a3, adjusting the maximum reflected echo to 80% as reference sensitivity, placing an ultrasonic phased array probe at the right side of the upper end face of a reference block, moving the ultrasonic phased array probe left and right, wherein the ultrasonic phased array probe emits ultrasonic beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block, the ultrasonic beam reflections with different angles can be different in numerical value displayed on the ultrasonic phased array device, the ratio of the reflected energy value to the full screen value of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflected wave energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, moving the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 left and right, enabling the acoustic beams with different angles to be transmitted to the grooving b4, when the acoustic waves are transmitted to the surface of the grooving b4, transmitting the reflected acoustic waves back to the ultrasonic phased array probe, and then transmitting the acoustic wave energy back to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, compensating some angle acoustic beams with low energy which is lower than 80%, so that the angle reflected wave energy can reach 81%, and conversely reducing the ultrasonic energy of the acoustic beams, so that the energy of all angles can reach the same effect, and the TCG 4 is used for realizing the maximum scanning effect, and adjusting the grooving b4 as reference sensitivity; the ultrasonic phased array probe is arranged at the left side of the upper end surface of the reference block, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe, the reflection values of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different from the numerical value displayed on the ultrasonic phased array device, the reflection energy value/the full screen value ratio of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflection wave energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving a4, when the sound waves are transmitted to the surface of the grooving a4, reflected sound waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe, the ultrasonic phased array probe transmits the sound wave energy value back to the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates the angle sound beam with the low energy of 80%, the angle reflection wave energy of the ultrasonic phased array instrument is 81%, the ultrasonic wave energy of the ultrasonic phased array is reduced, the same effect of all angles is achieved, the effect of TCG correction is achieved, and the ultrasonic wave beam with the maximum reflection echo wave energy of 80% is adjusted to the reference sensitivity;
the ultrasonic phased array probe is arranged at the right side of the upper end face of the reference block, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe, the reflection values of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different from the numerical value displayed on the ultrasonic phased array device, the reflection energy value/the full screen value ratio of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflection wave energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe is moved left and right, so that the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving b5, when the sound waves are transmitted to the surface of the grooving b5, the reflection sound waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe, the ultrasonic phased array probe transmits the sound wave energy value back to the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates some energy for the angle sound beams with the low energy of 80%, and conversely reduces the ultrasonic wave energy of the sound beams, so that the grooving effect of all angles is the same, and the TCG correction effect is achieved by using the grooving b 5; scanning the straight cutting groove b5, and adjusting the maximum reflection echo to 80% to serve as reference sensitivity;
thirdly, detecting bolts: taking bolt thread size as 40mm as an example, ACG calibration and sensitivity calibration, after instrument adjustment, placing an ultrasonic phased array probe on the end face of a bolt to be detected for scanning, wherein the ultrasonic phased array probe can emit ultrasonic waves, when the ultrasonic waves encounter defects, the ultrasonic waves are reflected back to the ultrasonic phased array probe, the ultrasonic phased array probe feeds back reflection energy to the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array probe displays the energy value of the ultrasonic waves reflected back when encountering the defects, when the value is greater than 80%, the defect is defined as a impermissible defect, the maximum reflection amplitude of the defect is greater than or equal to the reference sensitivity, the indication length is greater than or equal to 10mm, the crack is determined, the indication length is less than 10mm, and the qualified product is determined.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can realize ACG calibration and sensitivity calibration at the same time, integrates functions, simplifies standard procedures, can meet the requirement of instrument adjustment with the bolt size range of 30-200 mm, has simple processing and convenient carrying, and improves the working efficiency.
The reference block can be repeatedly used for a long time, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a test block of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a test block of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of a test block of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of a test block of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top perspective view of a test block of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of ACG calibration according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of 40mm depth sensitivity calibration according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of 60mm depth sensitivity calibration according to example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of 80mm depth sensitivity calibration according to example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of 100mm depth sensitivity calibration according to example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of 120mm depth sensitivity calibration according to example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the calibration of the depth sensitivity of 140mm in example 7 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of 160mm depth sensitivity calibration according to example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of 180mm depth sensitivity calibration according to example 9 of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a 200mm depth sensitivity calibration of example 10 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a test block 1 is formed by a cuboid and two circular arc end faces left and right along the width direction, 4 straight cutting grooves, namely a straight cutting groove a1, a straight cutting groove a2, a straight cutting groove a3 and a straight cutting groove a4 are horizontally distributed on one circular arc end face i 1-1 at equal intervals, 5 straight cutting grooves, namely a straight cutting groove b1, a straight cutting groove b2, a straight cutting groove b3, a straight cutting groove b4 and a straight cutting groove b5 are horizontally distributed on the other circular arc end face ii 1-2 at equal intervals, through holes 1-3 are formed in the surface of the center position of the width of the test block 1, and the distance between the hole centers of the through holes 1-3 and the lower end face of the test block 1 is 50mm.
The length of the test block 1 is 240mm, the thickness is 40mm, the width is 113mm, the width dimension is the distance between two arc surface end faces, the radius of each of the two arc end faces of the arc end face I1-1 and the arc end face II 1-2 is 60mm, and the center axes are coincident.
The distances between the centers of the straight cutting groove a1, the straight cutting groove a2, the straight cutting groove a3 and the straight cutting groove a4 and the upper end face of the test block 1 are respectively as follows: 60mm, 100mm, 140mm, 180mm.
The distances between the centers of the straight cutting groove b1, the straight cutting groove b2, the straight cutting groove b3, the straight cutting groove b4 and the straight cutting groove b5 and the upper end face of the test block 1 are respectively as follows: 40mm, 80mm, 120mm, 160mm, 200mm;
the dimensions of each straight slot are: 1mm deep, 0.25mm wide and 10mm long.
The diameter of the through hole 1-3 is phi 3mm, and the distance between the hole center of the through hole 1-3 and the lower end face of the test block 1 is 50mm.
The dimensional accuracy meets the requirements of JB/T8428-2006 test block for nondestructive ultrasonic detection.
The test block can meet the sensitivity calibration of the bolt thread size range of 30 mm-200 mm, wherein the size range of b1 is 30-40 mm, the size range of a1 is 40-60 mm, the size range of b2 is 60-80 mm, the size range of a2 is 80-100 mm, the size range of b3 is 100-120 mm, the size range of a3 is 120-140 mm, the size range of b4 is 140-160 mm, the size range of a4 is 160-180 mm and the size range of b5 is 180-200 mm.
Example 1 referring to fig. 6, acg calibration is angle gain correction: and placing the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 at the left side of the lower end surface of the reference block 1, moving the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 left and right, and performing ACG calibration by using the through holes 1-3 with phi of 3 multiplied by 40 mm.
Example 2 referring to fig. 7, sensitivity calibration: the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is placed at the right side of the upper end face of the reference block 1, the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is moved left and right, the straight cutting groove b1 is scanned, and the maximum reflection echo is adjusted to 80% to serve as reference sensitivity.
Example 3 referring to fig. 8, sensitivity calibration: the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is placed at the left side of the upper end face of the reference block 1, the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is moved left and right, the straight cutting groove a1 is scanned, and the maximum reflection echo is adjusted to 80% to serve as reference sensitivity.
Example 4 referring to fig. 9, sensitivity calibration: the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is placed at the right side of the upper end face of the reference block 1, the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is moved left and right, the straight cutting groove b2 is scanned, and the maximum reflection echo is adjusted to 80% to serve as reference sensitivity.
Example 5 referring to fig. 10, sensitivity calibration: the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is placed at the left side of the upper end face of the reference block 1, the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is moved left and right, the straight cutting groove a2 is scanned, and the maximum reflection echo is adjusted to 80% to serve as reference sensitivity.
Example 6 referring to fig. 11, sensitivity calibration: the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is placed at the right side of the upper end face of the reference block 1, the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is moved left and right, the straight cutting groove b3 is scanned, and the maximum reflection echo is adjusted to 80% to serve as reference sensitivity.
Example 7 referring to fig. 12, sensitivity calibration: the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is placed at the left side of the upper end face of the reference block 1, the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is moved left and right, the straight cutting groove a3 is scanned, and the maximum reflection echo is adjusted to 80% to serve as reference sensitivity.
Example 8 referring to fig. 13, sensitivity calibration: the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is placed at the right side of the upper end face of the reference block 1, the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is moved left and right, the straight cutting groove b4 is scanned, and the maximum reflection echo is adjusted to 80% to serve as reference sensitivity.
Example 9 referring to fig. 14, sensitivity calibration: the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is placed at the left side of the upper end face of the reference block 1, the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is moved left and right, the straight cutting groove a4 is scanned, and the maximum reflection echo is adjusted to 80% to serve as reference sensitivity.
Example 10 referring to fig. 15, sensitivity calibration: the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is placed at the right side of the upper end face of the reference block 1, the ultrasonic phased array probe 2 is moved left and right, the straight cutting groove b5 is scanned, and the maximum reflection echo is adjusted to 80% to serve as reference sensitivity.
Taking the bolt thread size of 40mm as an example, referring to FIG. 6 for ACG calibration, referring to FIG. 7 for sensitivity calibration, after the instrument is regulated, placing an ultrasonic phased array probe on the end face of the bolt to be detected for scanning, wherein the maximum reflection amplitude of the defect is greater than or equal to the reference sensitivity, the indication length is greater than or equal to 10mm, and the defect is determined to be a crack.
Claims (1)
1. The application method of the comparison test block for the ultrasonic phased array detection bolt is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the test block (1) is formed by a cuboid and two circular arc end faces left and right along the width direction, 4 straight cutting grooves, namely a straight cutting groove a1, a straight cutting groove a2, a straight cutting groove a3 and a straight cutting groove a4 are horizontally distributed on one circular arc end face I (1-1) at equal intervals, 5 straight cutting grooves, namely a straight cutting groove b1, a straight cutting groove b2, a straight cutting groove b3, a straight cutting groove b4 and a straight cutting groove b5, are horizontally distributed on the other circular arc end face II (1-2) at equal intervals, through holes (1-3) are formed in the surface of the width center position of the test block (1), and the distance between the hole centers of the through holes (1-3) and the lower end face of the test block (1) is 50mm;
the length of the test block (1) is 240mm, the thickness is 40mm, the width is 113mm, the width dimension is the distance between two arc-shaped end faces, the radius of each of the two arc-shaped end faces of the arc-shaped end face I (1-1) and the arc-shaped end face II (1-2) is 60mm, and the center axes are coincident;
the distances between the centers of the straight cutting groove a1, the straight cutting groove a2, the straight cutting groove a3 and the straight cutting groove a4 and the upper end face of the test block (1) are respectively as follows: 60mm, 100mm, 140mm, 180mm;
the distances between the centers of the straight cutting groove b1, the straight cutting groove b2, the straight cutting groove b3, the straight cutting groove b4 and the straight cutting groove b5 and the upper end face of the test block (1) are respectively as follows: 40mm, 80mm, 120mm, 160mm, 200mm;
the dimensions of each straight slot are: 1mm deep, 0.25mm wide and 10mm long;
the diameter of the through hole (1-3) is phi 3mm, and the distance between the hole center of the through hole (1-3) and the lower end face of the test block (1) is 50mm;
the using method comprises the following steps: first, ACG calibration, i.e., angular gain correction: the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is arranged at the left side of the lower end surface of the reference block (1), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) emits ultrasonic beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block (1), the ultrasonic beams with different angles have different ultrasonic energy, in order to enable the ultrasonic beams with different angles to have the same effect, the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, the ultrasonic beams with different angles are transmitted to the through hole (1-3), at the moment, reflected sound waves can appear when the sound waves are transmitted to the surface of the through hole (1-3), the reflected sound waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) transmits the sound wave energy value back to the upper surface of an ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument can find that the reflected energy of the sound waves with different angles is different, the ultrasonic phased array instrument can compensate some energy for the ultrasonic wave energy of the sound beam with low energy, the ultrasonic energy of the sound beam is reduced reversely, and therefore the same effect of all angles is achieved, and the ACG calibration effect is achieved by using the through hole (1-3);
second, TCG correction: the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is arranged at the right side of the upper end surface of the reference block (1), the ultrasonic phased array probe (5) is moved left and right, the ultrasonic phased array probe (1) emits ultrasonic beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block (1), the ultrasonic beam reflections with different angles are different in numerical values displayed on the ultrasonic phased array equipment, the reflection energy value/ultrasonic phased array full screen value ratio is used for defining the height of the reflection energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, so that the ultrasonic beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving b1, when the acoustic waves are transmitted to the surface of the grooving b1, reflected acoustic waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) then transmits back the acoustic wave energy value to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates some of the angle acoustic beams with the low energy which is lower than 80%, the angle reflected wave energy also reaches 80%, and conversely reduces the ultrasonic wave energy of the acoustic beams, so that the ultrasonic wave energy of all angles reaches the effect of 80%, and the ultrasonic phased array probe is directly corrected by using the grooving b1 as the reference sensitivity, and the grooving b1 is adjusted to be the most sensitive;
the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is arranged at the left side of the upper end surface of the reference block (1), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block (1) are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the numerical values displayed on the ultrasonic phased array equipment by reflection of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different, the height of the reflected wave energy is defined by the ratio of the reflected energy value to the full screen value of the ultrasonic phased array, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, so that the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving a1, when the acoustic wave is transmitted to the surface of the grooving a1, the reflected acoustic wave is transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) transmits back the acoustic wave energy value to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates some energy for the angle acoustic wave beams with the low energy which is lower than 80%, the angle reflected wave energy reaches 80%, and conversely reduces the ultrasonic wave energy of the acoustic wave beam, so that the energy of all angles reaches the effect of 80%, and the ultrasonic wave beam is directly scanned by the grooving a1, and the full-scale echo 1 is adjusted to the maximum sensitivity of the grooving a 1;
the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is arranged at the right side of the upper end surface of the reference block (1), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block (1) are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe, the reflection values of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different in numerical value displayed on the ultrasonic phased array equipment, the reflection energy of the reflected wave energy is defined by the ratio of the reflection energy value to the full screen value of the ultrasonic phased array, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, so that the sound beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving b2, when the sound waves are transmitted to the grooving b2 surface, the reflected sound waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) transmits back the energy value of the ultrasonic phased array instrument to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates some energy for the ultrasonic wave beams with the angle with low energy which is lower than 80%, the angle reflection energy is also 80%, and conversely reduces the wave energy of the ultrasonic wave of the sound beams, so that the ultrasonic wave energy of all angles can reach the effect of 80%, and the same angle sweeping effect is achieved, and the grooving b2 is corrected, and the best sensitivity is adjusted, and the grooving b2 is used as the reference echo wave b is adjusted;
the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is arranged at the left side of the upper end surface of the reference block (1), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block (1) are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the numerical values displayed on the ultrasonic phased array equipment by reflection of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different, the height of the reflected wave energy is defined by the ratio of the reflected energy value to the full screen value of the ultrasonic phased array, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, so that the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving a2, when the acoustic wave is transmitted to the surface of the grooving a2, the reflected acoustic wave is transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) transmits back the acoustic wave energy value to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates some energy for the angle acoustic wave beams with the low energy which is lower than 80%, the angle reflected wave energy also reaches 80%, and conversely reduces the ultrasonic wave energy of the acoustic wave beam with the angle reflected wave energy, so that the energy of all angles reaches the effect of 80%, and the ultrasonic wave beam with the same angle energy is directly-sweeping effect, thereby realizing the grooving a correction effect of the full-line sensitivity, and the grooving a2, and the full-level adjustment is realized, and the grooving effect is achieved, and the full-line-of the grooving effect is adjusted by using the grooving 2;
the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is arranged at the right side of the upper end surface of the reference block (1), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block (1) are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the numerical values displayed on the ultrasonic phased array equipment by reflection of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different, the height of the reflected wave energy is defined by the ratio of the reflected energy value to the full screen value of the ultrasonic phased array, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, so that the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving b3, when the acoustic wave is transmitted to the surface of the grooving b3, reflected acoustic wave is transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) transmits back the acoustic wave energy value to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates some energy for the angle acoustic wave beams with the low energy which is lower than 80%, the angle reflected wave energy also reaches 80%, and conversely reduces the ultrasonic wave energy of the acoustic wave beam with the angle reflected wave energy, so that the energy of all angles reaches the effect of 80%, and the same angle can be directly corrected by using the grooving b3 as the reference sensitivity, and the grooving 3 b is adjusted to be the most sensitive;
the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is arranged at the left side of the upper end surface of the reference block (1), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block (1) are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the numerical values displayed on the ultrasonic phased array equipment by reflection of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different, the reflection energy value/the full screen value ratio of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflection energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, so that the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving a3, when the acoustic wave is transmitted to the surface of the grooving a3, reflected acoustic wave is transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the acoustic wave energy value is transmitted back to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates some energy for the ultrasonic wave beams with the angle acoustic wave energy with the low energy being lower than 80%, and conversely reduces the ultrasonic energy of the acoustic wave beam with the angle reflection energy to reach 80%, so that the same effect of TCG (TCG) is achieved, and the grooving effect is corrected by using TCG 1; the method comprises the steps of scanning a direct slot a3, adjusting the maximum reflection echo to 80% as reference sensitivity, placing an ultrasonic phased array probe (2) at the right side of the upper end face of a reference block (1), moving the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) left and right, transmitting ultrasonic beams of different angles relative to the surface of the reference block (1), wherein the reflection of the ultrasonic beams of different angles is different in numerical value displayed on the ultrasonic phased array device, the ratio of the reflection energy value/the full screen value of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflection wave energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic beams of different angles to reach the 80% effect, moving the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) left and right, enabling the acoustic beams of different angles to be transmitted to a slot b4, when the acoustic waves are transmitted to the surface of the slot b4, transmitting the reflection acoustic waves back to the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), transmitting the acoustic wave energy value back to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, compensating some energy for the acoustic beams of angles with the low energy lower than 80%, and enabling the angle reflection energy to be reduced by 80%, and conversely enabling the ultrasonic phased array to reach the maximum reflection effect of the TCB to reach the reference sensitivity, so that the ultrasonic phased array can reach the maximum reflection effect of the TCB 4; the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is arranged at the left side of the upper end surface of the reference block (1), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the numerical values displayed on the ultrasonic phased array equipment by reflection of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different, the height of the reflected wave energy is defined by the ratio of the reflected energy value to the full screen value of the ultrasonic phased array, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, so that the sound beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving a4, when the sound waves are transmitted to the surface of the grooving a4, the reflected sound waves are transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) transmits back the energy value of the ultrasonic phased array instrument to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates some energy for the ultrasonic wave beams with the angle with the low energy being lower than 80%, the reflected wave energy of the angle is also 80%, and conversely, the ultrasonic wave energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with the angle reflected wave energy is reduced, so that the ultrasonic wave energy of all angles reach the effect of 80%, and the same angle is swept, the effect of the grooving a4 is corrected, and the full sensitivity is adjusted, and the grooving 4 is achieved, and the grooving 4 is corrected, and the best;
the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is arranged at the right side of the upper end surface of the reference block (1), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, ultrasonic wave beams with different angles relative to the surface of the reference block (1) are emitted by the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the numerical values displayed on the ultrasonic phased array equipment by reflection of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are different, the reflection energy value/the full screen value ratio of the ultrasonic phased array is used for defining the height of the reflection energy, in order to enable the energy of the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles to reach the effect of 80%, the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) is moved left and right, so that the ultrasonic wave beams with different angles are transmitted to the grooving b5, when the acoustic wave is transmitted to the surface of the grooving b5, reflected acoustic wave is transmitted back to the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the acoustic wave energy value is transmitted back to the upper surface of the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the ultrasonic phased array instrument compensates some energy for the ultrasonic wave beams with the angle acoustic wave energy with the low energy being lower than 80%, and conversely reduces the ultrasonic energy of the acoustic wave beam with the angle reflection energy to reach the 80%, so that the same effect of TCG (TCG) is achieved; scanning the straight cutting groove b5, and adjusting the maximum reflection echo to 80% to serve as reference sensitivity;
thirdly, detecting bolts: taking bolt thread size as an example, ACG calibration and sensitivity calibration, after instrument adjustment, placing an ultrasonic phased array probe (2) on the end face of a bolt to be detected for scanning, wherein the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) can emit ultrasonic waves, when the ultrasonic waves encounter defects, the ultrasonic waves are reflected back to the ultrasonic phased array probe (2), the ultrasonic phased array probe (2) feeds back reflected energy to the ultrasonic phased array instrument, the instrument displays the energy value of the reflected energy of the ultrasonic waves encountering the defects, when the energy value is greater than 80%, the defects are defined as impermissible defects, the maximum reflected amplitude of the defects is greater than or equal to the reference sensitivity, the indication length is greater than or equal to 10mm, the indication length is less than 10mm, and the qualified product is determined.
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| CN112305084A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-02 | 淮浙煤电有限责任公司凤台发电分公司 | Fillet weld detection process based on ultrasonic technology and test block |
| CN113984906B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2024-05-14 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Test block and calibration method of phased array detection device |
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