CN115074133A

CN115074133A - Soil conditioner and method for recovering vegetation in arid or semi-arid regions

Info

Publication number: CN115074133A
Application number: CN202210681558.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵丽华; 徐小林
Original assignee: Panzhihua Aigehua Biotechnology Co ltd; Panzhihua University
Current assignee: Panzhihua Aigehua Biotechnology Co ltd; Panzhihua University
Priority date: 2022-06-16
Filing date: 2022-06-16
Publication date: 2022-09-20

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a soil conditioner and a method for restoring vegetation in arid or semi-arid regions, wherein the soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of probiotics, 20-30 parts of charcoal and 40-60 parts of solid water-retaining agent; the probiotic is EM bacteria or lactobacillus CGMCC No. 10574. According to the invention, apocynaceae plants such as plumeria rubra and the like are planted in a matching manner with herbaceous plants, and meanwhile, the soil conditioner is applied, so that the growth of the plants is promoted while the soil property of the dry-hot valley region is improved, the survival rate of the plants such as plumeria rubra and the like is improved, and further the vegetation restoration efficiency of the region is improved.

Description

Soil conditioner and method for recovering vegetation in arid or semi-arid regions

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a soil conditioner and a method for restoring vegetation in arid or semi-arid regions, and more particularly relates to a soil conditioner and a method for restoring vegetation ecology in arid or semi-arid regions by using apocynaceae plants.

Background

The dry and hot valley climate of Jinshajiang river is a typical arid or semi-arid area, the dry and wet seasons of the whole year are clear, and the area is in an arid or semi-arid state for a long time due to the fact that the temperature of the area is high and the water evaporation capacity is higher than the precipitation capacity. For a long time, the dry and hot valley still has enlarged desertification areas and soil barren, which is not beneficial to the growth of plants, so the vegetation restoration and the ecological restoration in the areas are always difficult to overcome. Although the prior art has the capability of breeding new plant varieties suitable for the dry-hot valley regions, the long-term viability of the new varieties is poor, and the survival rate is still low.

The frangipani belongs to deciduous shrubs or small trees and arbors of the genus frangipani of the family apocynaceae, is a common landscaping tree species, can be bred by cuttage and tissue culture and also by seeds, has extremely strong vitality and strong stress resistance, but can only ensure the survival rate of the frangipani per se and cannot well restore the properties of soil (particularly soil in dry and hot valley areas).

In view of the problem of low survival rate of plants in dry-hot valley areas, in patent CN110663439 a variety of plants such as frangipani, muskonja gecko, scented wood and the like are used for ecological restoration in dry-hot valley areas, and frangipani plants with high economic benefit are matched with native plants, so that the survival rate of plants such as frangipani is improved, and the economic value is also ensured. However, further research finds that plants selected in CN110663439 are all existing plant varieties, and only the interaction relationship among plants is utilized, and the plants grow closely to repair the dry and hot valley areas, so the soil repair effect is limited, and the soil property in the dry and hot valley areas cannot be changed well, which results in that the repair work in the areas is always in a low efficiency. Therefore, it is required to develop a soil conditioner for soil remediation in arid or semi-arid regions to improve the ecological remediation efficiency in the corresponding regions.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for recovering vegetation in arid or semiarid regions.

The invention aims to provide a soil conditioner which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of probiotics, 20-30 parts of charcoal and 40-60 parts of solid water-retaining agent;

the probiotic is EM bacteria or lactobacillus CGMCC No. 10574.

Preferably, the soil conditioner is a polymer water-absorbing material, a super absorbent resin SAP (Hebei Yanxinghe chemical Co., Ltd.) or a drought-resistant water-retaining agent CA-50 (Dongying Qimei New Material Co., Ltd.).

The second purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the soil conditioner in the vegetation recovery of arid or semiarid regions.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the soil conditioner in promoting the growth of plants.

The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a method for recovering vegetation in arid or semiarid regions, which comprises the following steps:

applying the soil improvement agent of claim 1 to soil to be remediated, plowing; the application amount of the soil conditioner is 10-20 kg/mu.

Preferably, the method for recovering vegetation in arid or semi-arid regions further comprises the following steps after covering soil:

planting Apocynaceae plant.

Preferably, in the method for recovering vegetation in arid or semi-arid regions, the apocynaceae plant is plumeria rubra or oleander.

Preferably, in the method for recovering vegetation in arid or semiarid regions, the planting density of the apocynaceae plants is 60-150 plants/mu.

Preferably, the method for recovering the vegetation in the arid or semi-arid regions comprises the steps of firstly growing seedlings in the regions with better soil fertility till the height of the seedlings is 70-200cm, and then planting the egg flower seedlings in the arid or semi-arid regions.

Preferably, the method for recovering vegetation in arid or semiarid regions comprises interplanting apocynaceae plants with arbor plants (daphne odorata, kapok, guava, paulownia or phoenix tree), shrub plants (morinda citrifolia, elaeagnus pungens, hippophae rhamnoides, acacia or albizia julibrissin) or herbaceous plants (philippine flemingia root, citronella, setaria viridis or pennisetum).

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the arid-hot valley area is one of arid area and semi-arid area, and has the characteristic of water shortage, and the soil conditioner of the present invention has the main innovation of raising the water maintaining capacity of soil and reducing the evaporation and loss of water, so that the soil conditioner of the present invention may be also used in other arid area and semi-arid area with low water content.

2. According to research experiments of the invention, the EM bacteria in the soil conditioner have a water retention effect, the EM bacteria have various microorganisms which are in auxiliary cooperation with native microorganisms in the frangipani and dry and hot valley areas, and the ecological environment of the areas is improved from a micro state and a macro state; the biochar can improve the organic matter content in the soil on one hand, and can improve the conditions of soil hardening and the like caused by drought on the other hand, thereby facilitating the growth of plants and improving the survival rate of the plants.

3. The method is an improvement on the basis of earlier research, and the apocynaceae plants such as the frangipani and the like are planted in a matched mode with the herbaceous plants, and meanwhile, the soil conditioner is applied, so that the growth of the plants is promoted while the soil property of the dry and hot valley region is improved, the survival rate of the plants such as the frangipani and the like is improved, and the vegetation restoration efficiency of the region is further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the results of water absorption rate experiments;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of a water release rate test;

FIG. 3 shows the results of germination rate experiments.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention to be implemented, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

In the description of the present invention, reagents used are commercially available and methods used are conventional in the art, unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the invention, the EM bacterial powder is purchased from Jinan Yimai commercial and trade company Limited, and the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/g.

In the description of the present invention, the biochar was purchased from Zhengzhou Wantai Water purification materials Co., Ltd., 200 mesh.

In the description of the present invention, the SAP, a super absorbent resin, was purchased from north Heibo Yanxing chemical Co., Ltd., product number 201.

In the description of the invention, the lactobacillus CGMCC No.10574 is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center; the preparation method of the lactobacillus powder comprises the following steps: preparing seed solution of lactobacillus by using MRS liquid culture medium, inoculating the seed solution into solid culture medium, fermenting and culturing for 3 days at 30-35 ℃, and then crushing into 100-mesh powder; the solid culture medium is prepared by mixing bran, cane sugar and bean pulp according to a mass ratio of 100:20:100, and is used for inoculating seed liquid after sterilization, wherein the inoculation amount is 10%.

Example 1

The soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of EM (effective microorganisms) bacterial powder, 30 parts of charcoal and 40 parts of solid water-retaining agent, wherein the solid water-retaining agent is Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP). And (3) uniformly mixing the materials to obtain the soil conditioner.

Example 2

The soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium powder, 20 parts of biochar and 60 parts of solid water-retaining agent, wherein the solid water-retaining agent is Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP). And (3) uniformly mixing the materials to obtain the soil conditioner.

Example 3

The soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of EM (effective microorganisms) bacterial powder, 25 parts of biochar and 50 parts of solid water-retaining agent, wherein the solid water-retaining agent is Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP). And (3) uniformly mixing the materials to obtain the soil conditioner.

Example 4

The soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of lactobacillus powder, 25 parts of biochar and 50 parts of solid water-retaining agent, wherein the solid water-retaining agent is super absorbent polymer SAP. And (3) uniformly mixing the materials to obtain the soil conditioner.

Experiment water retention experiment

According to a 4.1.2 method of 'Jilin & Water-retaining agent to drought mine area soil improvement test research [ D ]. Chinese mining university, 2014', the water absorption rate and the water release rate are measured, and the water retention effect of the soil conditioner is further evaluated. The water absorption rate is the absorption effect of the soil conditioner on the deionized water, and the water release rate is the release effect of the soil conditioner on the deionized water.

We set up the following control groups:

control 1: the soil conditioner is super absorbent resin SAP.

Control 2: the soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 29 parts of EM (effective microorganisms) bacterial powder, 50 parts of solid water-retaining agent and SAP (super absorbent polymer); and (3) uniformly mixing the materials to obtain the soil conditioner.

Control 3: the soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 29 parts of lactobacillus powder, 50 parts of solid water-retaining agent and SAP (super absorbent polymer); and (3) uniformly mixing the materials to obtain the soil conditioner.

Control 4: the soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 29 parts of biochar, 50 parts of solid water-retaining agent and SAP (super absorbent polymer); and (3) uniformly mixing the materials to obtain the soil conditioner.

Referring to fig. 1, although the water absorption rates of examples 1 to 4 and comparison groups 1 to 4 are different, the difference between the minimum value of the water absorption rate and the maximum value of the water absorption rate is not more than 12% of the maximum value, which is caused by the difference between the contents of the solid water-retaining agents in the different examples and the comparison groups, and the lower the content of the solid water-retaining agent is, the lower the water absorption rate is, which indicates that in the soil conditioner, the solid water-retaining agent still plays a crucial role in water absorption, and the EM bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and charcoal play an auxiliary role in water absorption.

Referring to fig. 2, the water release rates of examples 1 to 4 and control groups 1 to 4 were different, and the water release rates of the other groups were lower than that of control 1 using only the solid water retaining agent, the difference between the minimum value and control 1 was 16% of that of control 1 and the minimum value was 5% of that of control 1, and the difference between the water release rates of the groups was large.

For the requirement of water retention effect in arid or semiarid regions, not only is it required to absorb a large amount of water, but also the slow release of water is more important, because the evaporation rate of water is low in rainfall weather, the soil and the water retention agent (or soil conditioner) both have water absorption function, and the water adsorption amount of the soil is also large, and the evaporation amount of water is large in non-rainfall weather, especially high temperature weather, at this time, the reason of drought or semiarid is that water is evaporated too fast, so in the practical application process, the soil conditioner of the group of examples 1 to 4 with slow release rate is more required. Considering the results of fig. 1 and 2 together, the soil improvement agents of the groups of examples 1 to 4 should be selected.

Experiment II Water stress experiment

In order to verify the effect of the soil conditioner of the invention, we also performed a water stress experiment.

Experimental plants: and (4) disinfecting the arabidopsis seeds with disinfectant water, and cleaning.

The experimental method comprises the following steps: referring to the research on the arabidopsis mutant screening method under the condition of Zhang Yizhang and PEG simulated water stress [ D ]. agricultural resource research center of institute of genetics and developmental biology of Chinese academy of sciences, 2006. "3.2 method prepares PEG balance agar, the concentration of PEG aqueous solution is 15%, and the soil conditioner which is equivalent to 5% of agar mass fraction is added in the agar in an experimental group.

Wherein, the group of example 3 is the soil conditioner of example 3 added with 5% of PEG equilibrium agar; example 4 group is directed to the addition of 5% of the soil amendment of example 4 to PEG equilibrated agar.

Control 1: this is directed to the addition of 5% SAP, a superabsorbent resin, to PEG equilibrated agar.

Control 2: the method is characterized in that 5 percent of the following soil conditioner is added into PEG balanced agar: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 29 parts of EM (effective microorganisms) bacterial powder and 50 parts of solid water-retaining agent, wherein the solid water-retaining agent is Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP); and (3) uniformly mixing the materials to obtain the soil conditioner.

Control 3: the method is characterized in that 5 percent of the following soil conditioner is added into PEG balanced agar: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 29 parts of lactobacillus powder and 50 parts of solid water-retaining agent, wherein the solid water-retaining agent is super absorbent polymer SAP; and (3) uniformly mixing the materials to obtain the soil conditioner.

Control 4: the method is characterized in that 5 percent of the following soil conditioner is added into PEG balanced agar: the soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 29 parts of biochar and 50 parts of solid water-retaining agent, wherein the solid water-retaining agent is Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP); the soil conditioner is obtained after the materials are uniformly mixed.

The germination rate is an important index for reflecting the growth trend of plants, and the plants with better germination rate under the condition of water stress indicate that the plants still have better growth trend and better growth speed under the condition of drought tolerance. The results in FIG. 3 show that the experimental group added with the soil conditioner has a better germination rate of Arabidopsis thaliana, which indicates that the soil conditioner has a good growth promoting effect and a good water retention and drought resistance effect. In addition, biochar or EM bacteria are added

Experiment three soil physical and chemical property improvement experiments

The test land is saline-alkali soil, the organic matter content of the soil is 16.33g/kg, the total salt content of the soil is 1.92g/kg, 100 g of the soil conditioner is added into each kilogram of saline-alkali soil, no substance is added into a blank control group, super absorbent resin SAP is added into one experiment group, and the soil conditioners prepared in the examples 3 and 4 are respectively added into the two experiment groups and the three experiment groups. After standing outdoors for one month, the changes of the total salt content and the organic matter content in the soil were measured, see table 1. The results show that after the soil conditioner is improved, the total salt content in the saline-alkali soil is reduced to different degrees, and the organic matter content is increased to different degrees, which indicates that the soil conditioner provided by the invention can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and further improve the soil quality.

TABLE 1 post-soil improvement physicochemical Properties

	Total salt content (g/kg)	Organic matter content (g/kg)
			Blank control group	2.02	15.26
Experiment group	1.74	17.40
			Two groups of experiments	1.41	18.02
Three groups of experiments	1.56	17.95

Example 4 (practical application)

The soil area of the present embodiment is a hot dry valley area with an altitude of 1800 m or less.

A method for recovering vegetation in arid or semiarid regions comprises the steps of applying the soil conditioner in example 1 to soil to be repaired after beginning spring, and ploughing; the application amount of the soil conditioner is 20 kg/mu, the frangipani is planted, and the planting density is 150 plants/mu.

The frangipani is planted by digging a pit, the soil conditioner is applied around each plant within 30cm of the circumference of each plant, and the soil is covered after the soil conditioner is applied.

It is to be noted that, firstly, the seedlings are raised to the height of 100cm in the area with better soil fertility, and then the egg flower seedlings are planted in the arid or semiarid area.

The effect is as follows: after planting for half a year, the survival rate of the frangipani is 90%, and after planting for two years, the frangipani which survives in the early stage can continue to survive.

Example 5 (practical application)

A method for recovering vegetation in arid or semiarid regions, after beginning spring, applying the soil conditioner of example 4 to soil to be repaired, and ploughing; the application amount of the soil conditioner is 20 kg/mu, the frangipani and the oleander are planted, the frangipani and the oleander are intercropped, and the planting density is 75 plants/mu.

The frangipani and oleander are planted by digging pits, the soil conditioner is applied around each plant within 30cm of the circumference radius, and the soil is covered after the application.

The effect is as follows: after half a year of planting, the survival rate of the frangipani and the oleander is 90 percent and 91 percent, and after two years of planting, the frangipani and the oleander which survive in the early stage continue to survive.

Example 6

A method for recovering vegetation in arid or semiarid regions comprises the steps of applying the soil conditioner in example 1 to soil to be repaired after beginning spring, and ploughing; the application amount of the soil conditioner is 20 kg/mu, the frangipani and the oleander are planted, the frangipani and the oleander are intercropped, and the planting density is 75 plants/mu.

The frangipani and oleander are planted by digging pits, the soil conditioner is applied around each plant within 30cm of the circumference of each plant, and soil is covered after the soil conditioner is applied.

When rainy seasons come, mixed seeds of Moghania philippinensis, citronella, green bristlegrass and pennisetum alopecuroides are sown between the plumeria rubra and the oleander, and the mass ratio of the Moghania philippinensis, the citronella, the green bristlegrass and the pennisetum alopecuroides is 1:1:1: 1.

The effect is as follows: after half a year of planting, the survival rates of the plumeria rubra and the oleander are 92 percent and 93 percent, and after two years of planting, the plumeria rubra and the oleander which survive in the early stage continue to survive.

Comparative example 1 (comparative example 4)

The soil area of this comparative example is a hot dry valley area below an altitude of 1800 m.

A method for recovering vegetation in arid or semi-arid regions, which is substantially the same as the method for recovering vegetation in example 4, except that: after beginning spring, directly planting the frangipani with the planting density of 150 plants/mu; no soil conditioner was applied.

The frangipani is planted by digging pits.

The effect is as follows: after half a year of planting, the survival rate of the frangipani is 85%, and after two years of planting, 1% of the frangipani which survives in the early stage dies.

Comparative example 2 (comparative example 5)

A method for recovering vegetation in arid or semi-arid regions, which is substantially the same as the method for recovering vegetation in example 5, except that: after beginning spring, planting frangipani and oleander, and interplanting the frangipani and the oleander, wherein the planting density is 75 plants/mu; no soil amendment is applied.

The frangipani and oleander are planted by digging pits.

The effect is as follows: after half a year of planting, the survival rates of the plumeria rubra and the oleander are 86 percent and 82 percent, and after two years of planting, the plumeria rubra and the oleander which survive in the early stage die in percentage by 1 percent and 2 percent.

It should be noted that, when the present invention relates to a numerical range, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected, and since the steps and methods adopted are the same as those in the embodiment, in order to prevent redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. The soil conditioner is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of probiotics, 20-30 parts of charcoal and 40-60 parts of solid water-retaining agent;

the probiotic is EM bacteria or lactobacillus CGMCC No. 10574.

2. A soil conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein said solid water retaining agent is a polymeric water absorbing material.

3. Use of a soil amendment according to claim 1 for effecting vegetation restoration in arid or semi-arid regions.

4. Use of a soil amendment according to claim 1 for promoting plant growth.

5. A method for recovering vegetation in arid or semi-arid regions is characterized by comprising the following steps:

6. The method for recovering vegetation in arid or semi-arid regions according to claim 5, further comprising, after covering the soil with:

planting Apocynaceae plant.

7. The method for recovering vegetation in arid or semiarid regions according to claim 6, wherein the apocynaceae plant is frangipani or nerium oleander.

8. The method for recovering vegetation in arid or semiarid regions according to claim 7, wherein the apocynaceae plant is planted at a density of 60 to 150 plants/acre.

9. A method for recovering vegetation in arid or semi-arid regions according to claim 7, wherein the seedlings are raised to 70-200cm high in soil fertility before the egg seedlings are planted in arid or semi-arid regions.

10. The method for recovering vegetation in arid or semiarid regions according to claim 6, wherein the apocynaceae plant is interspecific with a tree plant, a shrub plant or a herb plant.