CN114836348A - Microbial agent for improving soil salinization and application thereof - Google Patents
Microbial agent for improving soil salinization and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry, and particularly relates to a microbial agent for improving soil salinization, wherein the microbial agent comprises bacillus, EM (effective microorganisms) and trichoderma in a mass ratio of 10:0.1-0.2: 1-2. The microbial agent prepared by the invention can improve the salinization of soil, reduce the total salt content in the salinization soil, reduce the alkalization degree, improve the organic matter content in the soil, improve the aggregate structure of the soil, improve the nutritional status of the soil and have good soil remediation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry, and particularly relates to a microbial agent for improving soil salinization and application thereof.
Background
The soil salinization refers to a process that salt is accumulated in surface soil after soil moisture is evaporated, so that the surface soil contains more potassium ions, sodium ions, calcium ions, carbonates, sulfates and the like, and most of the salinization process occurs in arid or semi-arid regions. Factors contributing to soil salinization include: climate factors, terrain and landform factors, plant factors and agricultural operation factors, wherein the former three are natural factors, and the fourth is salinization of soil mainly caused by improper fertilizer application in agricultural operation.
With continuous improvement of agricultural technologies, the improvement technology of saline-alkali soil is continuously developed, and common saline-alkali soil improvement measures comprise: (1) chemical improvement measures are taken, wherein soil conditioners such as organic waste, mineral fertilizer, phosphogypsum and desulfurized gypsum are used in soil, on one hand, acid and alkali neutralize the pH of the soil, on the other hand, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved, the air permeability and water permeability of the soil are increased, the water loss is reduced, and the soil fertility is improved, however, other inorganic matters are introduced by a chemical method, the accumulation of newly introduced inorganic ions in the soil can be caused after long-term use, and the salinization condition can occur again; (2) biological improvement measures are taken, plants are reasonably planted, some plants have the capacity of absorbing soil salt, the physicochemical property of soil can be changed, the soil structure is improved, the method has the greening effect, the soil can also be improved, no secondary pollution occurs, but the growth period of the plants is long, so the time required for soil restoration is often more than one year.
In view of the above, it is necessary to develop a saline-alkali soil remediation agent which does not cause secondary pollution and has a short remediation period.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a microbial agent for improving soil salinization and application thereof.
The invention aims to provide a microbial agent for improving soil salinization, which comprises bacillus, EM (effective microorganisms) and trichoderma in a mass ratio of 10:0.1-0.2: 1-2. Preferably, the bacillus is bacillus liquid, and the trichoderma is trichoderma liquid.
Preferably, the bacillus is bacillus megaterium CGMCC No.3770, and the trichoderma is CCTCC No. M2020339.
Preferably, the microbial agent for improving the salinization of the soil is added in an amount of 1-5g per kilogram of soil.
Preferably, the microbial agent for improving soil salinization is subjected to plant growth acclimation and then soil remediation.
Preferably, the plant of the microbial agent for improving soil salinization is alfalfa, and the domestication method comprises the following steps: water planting the alfalfa, adding a microbial inoculant into a culture solution of the alfalfa when the alfalfa grows to a seedling stage, continuously culturing the alfalfa 7-10 days later (supplementing water required for the alfalfa to grow for 7-10 days before adding the microbial inoculant, and not changing the culture solution after adding the microbial inoculant), and collecting the alfalfa and the culture solution; applying the culture solution into the salinized soil; the alfalfa is crushed and then added into the saline-alkali soil.
Preferably, the microbial agent for improving soil salinization is obtained by applying the culture solution and the crushed alfalfa into soil, ploughing to a depth of more than 30cm, and obtaining an effective improvement effect after one month.
The invention also provides application of the microbial agent for improving soil salinization, and the microbial agent is matched with salinization soil to prepare a seedling culture substrate.
Preferably, the application of the microbial agent for improving soil salinization comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-3% of microbial agent, 1-3% of biochar and the balance of saline-alkali soil.
Preferably, the application of the microbial agent for improving soil salinization comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-3% of microbial agent, 10-20% of plant ash and the balance of saline-alkali soil.
Preferably, in the application of the microbial agent for improving soil salinization, the seedling culture substrate is used for culturing flowers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the microbial agent prepared by the invention can improve the salinization of soil, reduce the total salt content in the salinization soil, reduce the alkalization degree, improve the organic matter content in the soil, improve the aggregate structure of the soil, improve the nutritional status of the soil and have good ecological restoration effect.
2. The method utilizes the symbiotic action of plants and microorganisms to domesticate the microorganisms, so that the microorganisms are better adapted to the growth of saline-alkali soil, the organic matter content in the soil is improved, the total salt content in the soil is reduced, the effect of improving the soil property is achieved, and the restoration of the saline-alkali soil is realized; after the culture solution and the crushed alfalfa are applied to the soil, the depth of the cultivation solution is turned over for more than 30cm, an effective improvement effect can be seen after one month, and the alfalfa can be continuously planted in the soil to accelerate the improvement effect of the salinized soil.
3. The invention also prepares the seedling culture substrate by matching the microbial agent with saline-alkali soil. The plant ash and the biochar can increase organic matters of the soil, improve the soil hardening condition, increase the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil and further promote the growth of plants.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention to practice, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
In the description of the present invention, reagents used are commercially available and methods used are conventional in the art, unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the invention, the bacillus megaterium CGMCC No.3770 is purchased from the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, the purchased strains are activated by a PDA culture medium and then cultured by a PD liquid culture medium (agar is removed from the formula of the PDA culture medium) to obtain a bacillus megaterium liquid, and the culture condition is 30 +/-1 ℃ for 2 days.
M2020339 of Trichoderma CCTCC is purchased from China center for type culture Collection, the purchased strain is activated by a PDA culture medium, and then is cultured by a PD liquid culture medium to obtain a Trichoderma strain liquid, and the culture condition is 30 +/-1 ℃ for 3 days.
The EM bacterial powder is purchased from China Biotechnology limited, and the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/g.
Example 1
A microbial agent for improving soil salinization comprises bacillus liquid, EM (effective microorganism) powder and trichoderma liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the bacillus liquid to the EM powder to the trichoderma liquid is 10:0.1: 1;
the bacillus is bacillus megaterium CGMCC No.3770, and the effective viable count of the bacillus megaterium liquid is 2.3 multiplied by 10 7 Per mL;
the Trichoderma is CCTCC NO: M2020339, and the effective viable count in the Trichoderma bacterial liquid is 1.9 multiplied by 10 6 one/mL.
The bacillus liquid, the EM powder and the trichoderma liquid are respectively stored and mixed according to the mass ratio of 10:0.1:1 before use.
Example 2
A microbial agent for improving soil salinization comprises bacillus liquid, EM (effective microorganism) powder and trichoderma liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the bacillus liquid to the EM powder to the trichoderma liquid is 10:0.2: 2;
the bacillus is bacillus megaterium CGMCC No.3770, and the effective viable count in the bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 2.3 multiplied by 10 7 Per mL;
the Trichoderma is CCTCC NO: M2020339, and the effective viable count in the Trichoderma bacterial liquid is 1.9 multiplied by 10 6 One per mL.
The bacillus liquid, the EM powder and the trichoderma liquid are respectively stored and mixed according to the mass ratio of 10:0.2:2 before use.
Example 3
A microbial agent for improving soil salinization comprises bacillus liquid, EM (effective microorganism) powder and trichoderma liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the bacillus liquid to the EM powder to the trichoderma liquid is 10:0.2: 1;
the bacillus is bacillus megaterium CGMCC No.3770, and the effective viable count in the bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 2.3 multiplied by 10 7 Per mL;
the Trichoderma is CCTCC NO: M2020339, and the effective viable count in the Trichoderma bacterial liquid is 1.9 multiplied by 10 6 one/mL.
The bacillus liquid, the EM powder and the trichoderma liquid are respectively stored and mixed according to the mass ratio of 10:0.2:1 before use.
Example 4
A microbial agent for improving soil salinization comprises bacillus liquid, EM (effective microorganism) powder and trichoderma liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the bacillus liquid to the EM powder to the trichoderma liquid is 10:0.1: 2;
the bacillus is bacillus megaterium CGMCC No.3770, and the effective viable count in the bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 2.3 multiplied by 10 7 Per mL;
the Trichoderma is CCTCC NO: M2020339, and the effective viable count in the Trichoderma bacterial liquid is 1.9 multiplied by 10 6 one/mL.
The bacillus liquid, the EM powder and the trichoderma liquid are respectively stored and mixed according to the mass ratio of 10:0.1:2 before use.
Example 5
A method for domesticating a microbial agent for improving soil salinization comprises the steps of water planting alfalfa, adding any one of the microbial agents in the embodiments 1-5 into a culture solution when the alfalfa grows to a seedling stage, adding 1g of the microbial agent into each liter of the culture solution, uniformly stirring the culture solution, continuously culturing the alfalfa, and collecting the alfalfa and the culture solution after 7 days (before adding the microbial agent, supplementing water required by the alfalfa for 7 days, and after adding the microbial agent, not changing the solution). The culture solution is applied to the salinization soil; the alfalfa is crushed and used in the saline-alkali soil.
Experiment-saline alkali soil improvement experiment
An experimental container: a deep groove with the length of 2m, the width of 1m and the depth of 40cm is adopted, and a plurality of groups of containers are placed in the same open place, so that errors caused by natural environment are reduced to the maximum extent.
Blank control group: and putting the salinized soil into the container, wherein the depth of the salinized soil is 35 cm.
One set of experiments: the saline-alkali soil with the depth of 35cm is put into a container, the microbial agent in the embodiment 1 is added, and 1g of the microbial agent is added into each kilogram of soil and fully mixed.
Two groups of experiments are as follows: the saline-alkali soil with the depth of 35cm is put into a container, the microbial agent in the embodiment 2 is added, and 1g of the microbial agent is added into each kilogram of soil and fully mixed.
Three groups of experiments were performed: putting the salinized soil into a container, wherein the depth of the salinized soil is 35cm, adding bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid, and adding 1g of bacterial liquid into each kilogram of soil, and fully mixing.
Four groups were tested: putting the salinized soil into a container, wherein the depth of the salinized soil is 35cm, adding EM (effective microorganism) powder, adding 1g of the EM powder into per kilogram of soil, and fully mixing.
Five groups of experiments: putting the salinized soil into a container, wherein the depth of the salinized soil is 35cm, adding trichoderma liquid, adding 1g of fungus powder into each kilogram of soil, and fully mixing.
Six groups of experiments were performed: a saline-alkali soil having a depth of 35cm was placed in the container, and the culture solution of example 3 was added thereto in an amount of 1g per kg of the soil, followed by mixing thoroughly.
Seven groups of experiments: putting salinized soil with the depth of 35cm into a container, adding the culture solution and the crushed alfalfa of the embodiment 5, adding 1g of the culture solution into each kilogram of soil, adding 10g of the crushed alfalfa into each kilogram of the soil, and fully mixing. In the seventh experimental group, the formulation of the microbial preparation of example 1 and the cultured alfalfa were used.
Standing the groups for 1 month, measuring the total salt content, the alkalization degree and the organic matter content change, wherein sampling points are a soil surface layer (0cm depth), a middle layer (20cm depth) and a bottom layer (35cm depth), each layer is sampled at two positions, all samples are mixed to be used as test samples, measuring corresponding indexes in the soil, during testing, performing three test parallel experiments on the test samples, and then taking an average value.
The original physicochemical properties of the saline-alkali soil used were as follows: the total salt content is 1.6g/kg, the alkalization degree is 35%, the organic matter content is 18.3g/kg, and the physicochemical properties of the improved soil are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 post-soil improvement physicochemical Properties
| Total salt content (g/kg) | Degree of alkalization (%) | Organic matter content (g/kg) | |
| Blank control group | 1.8 | 36 | 17.5 |
| Experiment group | 1.4 | 28 | 19.5 |
| Two groups of experiments | 1.3 | 28 | 19.3 |
| Three groups of experiments | 1.5 | 31 | 17.9 |
| Experiment four groups | 1.4 | 32 | 17.8 |
| Five groups of experiments | 1.5 | 31 | 18.0 |
| Six groups of experiments | 1.2 | 25 | 20.9 |
| Seven groups of experiments | 1.2 | 24 | 20.8 |
The total salt content and the alkalization degree are important indexes for representing the soil salinization, the larger the value of the total salt content and the alkalization degree is, the more serious the soil salinization is, experiments of the invention show that the bacillus, the EM, the trichoderma and the microbial agent formula provided by the invention can reduce the total salt content in the soil to different degrees and reduce the alkalization degree. The organic matter content is an important index for representing soil nutrients, and experiments of the invention show that the bacillus, the EM and the trichoderma can improve the organic matter content in the soil and the soil fertility to different degrees.
Experiment two soil aggregate mass fraction change experiment
The original physicochemical properties of the salinized soil used in this experiment were as follows: the total salt content is 1.6kg/g, the alkalization degree is 35 percent, and the organic matter content is 18.3 g/kg.
An experimental container: a deep groove with the length of 1m, the width of 1m and the depth of 40cm is adopted, and a plurality of groups of containers are placed in the same open place, so that errors caused by natural environment are reduced to the maximum extent.
Blank control group: and putting the salinized soil into the container, wherein the depth of the salinized soil is 35 cm.
Experimental group 1: putting the same kind of salinized soil with the depth of 35cm into a container, adding bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid, adding 1g of bacterial liquid into each kilogram of soil, and fully mixing.
Experimental group 2: putting the same kind of salinized soil with the depth of 35cm into a container, adding EM (effective microorganism) powder, adding 1g of bacteria liquid into each kilogram of soil, and fully mixing.
Experimental group 3: putting the same kind of salinized soil with the depth of 35cm into a container, adding trichoderma liquid, adding 1g of liquid per kilogram of soil, and fully mixing.
Experimental group 4: a saline-alkali soil having a depth of 35cm was placed in the container, and the culture solution of example 1 was added thereto in an amount of 1g per kg of the soil, followed by mixing thoroughly.
Each group is kept still for 2 months, soil aggregates (Yanghua, Chensha, Von philosophy leaf, etc.; influence of soil microorganisms and organic materials on the formation of saline-alkali soil aggregates [ J ]. agricultural environmental science, 2017,36(10):6.) are screened by a wet screening method, and changes in mass fractions of aggregates having three particle sizes of 0.05 to 0.25mm (0.05 mm inclusive, 0.25mm inclusive), 0.25 to 2mm (0.25 mm exclusive, 2mm inclusive) and >2mm are measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 mass fraction of agglomerates
| 0.05-0.25mm | 0.25-2mm | >2mm | |
| Blank control group | 25.5 | 3.4 | 0.4 |
| Experimental group 1 | 28.9 | 7.3 | 0.4 |
| Experimental group 2 | 29.8 | 8.4 | 0.4 |
| Experimental group 3 | 32.7 | 11.8 | 0.5 |
| Experimental group 4 | 40.0 | 19.7 | 0.6 |
The results in table 2 show that, when the microbial inoculum is applied to the saline-alkali soil, the physiological metabolism of the microorganisms is gradually shown along with the time, after the soil is kept still for 2 months, the mass fraction of the high molecular weight aggregates is increased through an experimental group treated by the microorganisms, and the structure of the soil is obviously improved, thereby being beneficial to the growth of plants.
Experiment three seedling raising medium experiment for cultivating flowers
The original physicochemical properties of the salinized soil used in this experiment were as follows: the total salt content is 1.6kg/g, the alkalization degree is 35 percent, and the organic matter content is 18.3 g/kg.
Planting flowers: chlorophytum comosum seedlings (3cm in height).
A first substrate: the material composition according to the following mass ratio: 1% of microbial agent, 1% of biochar and the balance of saline-alkali soil.
And (2) matrix II: the material composition according to the following mass ratio: 3% of microbial agent, 3% of charcoal and the balance of saline-alkali soil.
And (3) matrix III: the material composition according to the following mass ratio: 1% of microbial agent, 20% of plant ash and the balance of saline-alkali soil.
Matrix four: the material composition according to the following mass ratio: 3% of microbial agent, 10% of plant ash and the balance of saline-alkali soil.
Blank control group: a salinized soil.
The experiment is a matrix comparison experiment, so except for different matrix formulas, the same and conventional conditions are adopted for the rest water addition amount and the like.
Transplanting the chlorophytum comosum seedlings into the matrixes, performing 5 parallel experiments on each matrix, culturing, observing the growth speed of the chlorophytum comosum seedlings, and observing the height of the chlorophytum comosum seedlings after 7 days and 14 days of transplanting, wherein the results show that the matrix provided by the invention can improve the growth speed of the chlorophytum comosum seedlings.
TABLE 3 gold edge chlorophytum height (cm)
| 7 days | 14 days | |
| Blank control group | 4 | 5 |
| Substrate one | 6 | 8 |
| Substrate II | 6 | 9 |
| Substrate III | 7 | 10 |
| Matrix IV | 7 | 11 |
It should be noted that, when the present invention relates to a numerical range, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected, and since the steps and methods adopted are the same as those in the embodiment, in order to prevent redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. The microbial agent for improving soil salinization is characterized by comprising bacillus, EM (effective microorganisms) and trichoderma in a mass ratio of 10:0.1-0.2: 1-2.
2. The microbial agent for improving soil salinization according to claim 1, wherein the bacillus is bacillus megaterium CGMCC No.3770, and the trichoderma is CCTCC No. M2020339.
3. The microbial agent for improving the salinization of soil according to claim 2, wherein the amount of the microbial agent is 1-5 g/kg soil.
4. The microbial agent for improving soil salinization according to claim 2, wherein the microbial agent is acclimated for plant growth and then soil remediation is performed.
5. The microbial agent for improving soil salinization according to claim 4, wherein the plant is alfalfa, and the domestication method comprises: water planting alfalfa, adding microbial inoculum into the culture solution of alfalfa when it grows to the seedling stage, continuing to culture alfalfa, and collecting alfalfa and the culture solution after 7-10 days; applying the culture solution into the salinized soil; the alfalfa is crushed and then added into the saline-alkali soil.
6. The microbial agent for improving soil salinization of claim 5, wherein the cultivation medium and the crushed alfalfa are plowed to a depth of more than 30cm after being applied to the soil.
7. The application of the microbial agent for improving the soil salinization as claimed in claim 1 to 6, wherein the microbial agent is matched with the salinization soil to prepare a seedling culture substrate.
8. The application of the microbial agent for improving soil salinization according to claim 7, wherein the seedling culture substrate comprises the following substances in percentage by mass: 1-3% of microbial agent, 1-3% of biochar and the balance of saline-alkali soil.
9. The application of the microbial agent for improving soil salinization according to claim 7, wherein the seedling culture substrate comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-3% of microbial agent, 10-20% of plant ash and the balance of saline-alkali soil.
10. The use of the microbial inoculant for improving soil salinization as defined in claim 7, wherein said seedling raising substrate is used for cultivating flowers.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115474454A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-16 | 苏州国环生态科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil ecological restoration method based on composite high-activity stable flora |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115474454A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-16 | 苏州国环生态科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil ecological restoration method based on composite high-activity stable flora |
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