CN106701095B

CN106701095B - Soil conditioner and application thereof in desert control

Info

Publication number: CN106701095B
Application number: CN201611149870.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭大磊; 原野; 王琳玥
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-12-14
Filing date: 2016-12-14
Publication date: 2020-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 2036-12-14
Also published as: CN106701095A

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil conditioner suitable for desert control and application of the soil conditioner in desert control, the soil conditioner is a combination of various raw materials, the raw materials comprise volcanic ash, gamma-polyglutamic acid water glue and biological floccules, wherein the biological floccules comprise decomposed straw powder, a first microbial agent, nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria, the first microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis and selective actinomycetes, and the dosage of the first microbial agent is 5-25 wt% of the decomposed straw powder; the dosage of the nitrobacteria and the denitrifying bacteria is more than or equal to 80ml per kilogram of decomposed straw powder. The soil conditioner of the invention not only has excellent water retention and water storage effects, but also can improve the content of organic matters in soil, adjust the pH value of the soil, promote the release of effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and create good physical and nutritional environment for the growth of plants. Meanwhile, the modifier disclosed by the invention is simple in formula and preparation and low in cost.

Description

Soil conditioner and application thereof in desert control

Technical Field

The invention relates to a soil conditioner, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in desert control.

Background

At present, the desert control method mainly plants ecological forests to control desertification, but because the soil conditions in desert areas are limited, the water consumption is large and the planting effect of vegetation is poor, the development of a method for improving desert soil and a planting method for the desert soil are urgently needed. The problems that water in the soil is leaked and evaporated quickly, and organic matters and fertility are lacked in the soil need to be solved for improving the desert soil, and the condition that the soil is in a bulk structure and is not gathered together is changed.

The existing soil conditioner for improving the desert soil is mainly directly applied by organic fertilizer or directly applied by peat soil, and the improvement effect is poor. The Chinese patent application CN104910921A discloses a conditioner for desertification soil, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 50-80 parts of organic fermentation product, 12-18 parts of peat humic acid, 10-18 parts of sucrose sugar residue, 0.06-0.18 part of pH buffering agent, 0.18-0.48 part of soil disinfectant, 5-8 parts of diatomite and 0.2-1.6 parts of water-retaining agent. Further, the organic fermentation product is obtained by natural stacking fermentation of rapeseed dregs, wheat bran, mushroom fungus residues, ganoderma lucidum fungus residues, green corn straws and lotus leaves, wherein the mass ratio of the rapeseed dregs, the wheat bran, the mushroom fungus residues, the ganoderma lucidum fungus residues, the green corn straws and the lotus leaves is 10:8:1:1.1:20:6, and the water-retaining agent is a zeolite water-retaining agent. Although the water retention effect of the modifying agent is improved compared with the traditional fertilizer application, the modifying agent has unsatisfactory water retention effect, is not suitable for desert areas, and has complex formula and preparation process and higher cost, for example, organic leavening needs 6 substances to be obtained by fermenting according to a certain proportion, and a pH buffering agent, a soil disinfectant and the like are additionally added.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and provide the soil conditioner which has excellent water retention and water storage effects, can effectively increase soil fertility and improve soil air permeability and is beneficial to plant growth.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the soil conditioner and application of the soil conditioner in desert control.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts a technical scheme as follows:

a soil conditioner suitable for desert control is a combination of a plurality of raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise volcanic ash, gamma-polyglutamic acid water gel (gamma-PGA water gel) and biological floc, the biological floc comprises decomposed straw powder, a first microbial agent, nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria, and the first microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis and selective actinomycetes.

Further, the mass ratio of the volcanic ash to the biological flocs is 1:0.1 to 10, preferably 1:0.5 to 5, more preferably 1: 0.8 to 2, most preferably 1: 0.8 to 1, specifically for example, 1:1.

preferably, the ratio of the feeding volume of the gamma-PGA water gel to the mass of the volcanic ash is 1-10L/kg.

More preferably, the ratio of the feeding volume of the gamma-polyglutamic acid water gel to the mass of the volcanic ash is 3-8L/kg.

Preferably, the bacillus subtilis composing the biological floc is a combination of bacillus subtilis KX-1 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208057, bacillus subtilis KX-2 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208058 and bacillus subtilis KX-4 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208060, and the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis KX-1 to the bacillus subtilis is 1: 0.4-0.85, 0.5-0.85. Further preferably, the first microbial agent comprises actinomycetes, and the mass ratio of the actinomycetes to the bacillus subtilis KX-1 with the preservation number of CCTCC NoM208057 is 0.3-0.75: 1.

Further preferably, the first microbial agent further comprises other beneficial microorganisms, the other beneficial microorganisms can be one or more selected from lactobacillus, bacillus natto, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes and bacillus licheniformis, and the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis KX-1 to the other beneficial microorganisms is 1: 0.1-0.8, and more preferably 1: 0.5-0.8.

According to the invention, the dosage of the first microbial agent is generally 5-25 wt% of the decomposed straw powder; the dosage of the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria is generally more than or equal to 80ml per kilogram of decomposed straw powder. Preferably, the amount of the first microbial agent is 8wt% to 20wt% of the decomposed straw powder, and more preferably, the amount of the first microbial agent is 12 wt% to 20wt% of the decomposed straw powder. The dosage of the nitrobacteria and the denitrifying bacteria is more than or equal to 100ml per kilogram of decomposed straw powder.

According to the invention, the biological flocks are generally prepared by: and adding a first microbial agent into the decomposed straw powder, uniformly mixing, and then sequentially adding nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria to obtain the fertilizer.

Preferably, the moisture content of the biological floccules is 10 wt% to 30 wt%.

According to the invention, the decomposed straw powder is prepared by crushing fermented and decomposed straw. The decomposed straw can be prepared by adopting the existing fermentation decomposition method. However, it is preferred to prepare the straw powder according to the present invention as described below, by which the decomposed straw powder can be obtained at a very low temperature without being limited by temperature conditions, the straw is decomposed more thoroughly, and the straw powder has high nutritional ingredients, and a large amount of beneficial bacteria is stored.

The preparation method of the preferable decomposed straw powder comprises the following steps: activating a second microbial agent, preparing the second microbial agent into a mixed solution with nutrient substances, further mixing the mixed solution with dry straws and a selective volcanic biological agent, composting and decomposing the straws, and finally crushing the straws to be more than 80 meshes, wherein the volcanic biological agent comprises a volcanic particle carrier and the second microbial agent implanted on the volcanic particle carrier, the second microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis KX-1 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208057, actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis KX-2 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208058, and bacillus subtilis KX-4 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208060, the mass ratio of the two is 1: 0.3-0.75: 0.4-0.85: 0.5-0.85, the second microbial agent further selectively comprises other beneficial microorganisms and enzyme preparations, and the other beneficial microorganisms are selected from lactobacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and enzyme preparations, One or more of yeast and bacillus licheniformis.

According to a preferred aspect, the second microbial agent comprises other beneficial microorganisms, and the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis KX-1 to the other beneficial microorganisms in the second microbial agent is 1: 0.1-0.8, and more preferably 1: 0.5-0.8.

Preferably, the volcanic biological agent is prepared by the following steps:

1) grinding the volcanic rock into volcanic rock particles of 20-40 meshes, and removing powder to obtain a volcanic rock particle carrier;

2) preparing a bacterial solution from the second microbial agent and water according to the dosage-mass ratio of 1: 20-50, adding a nitrogen source and a carbon source to activate the bacterial strain, soaking the volcanic rock particle carrier in the bacterial solution for 24-72 hours when more than 80% of bacillus in the bacterial solution is in a vegetative state and the number of viable bacteria is more than 50 hundred million/mL, and fishing out and draining the volcanic rock particle carrier to obtain the volcanic rock biological preparation.

According to the present invention, the second microbial agent can be the same as or different from the first microbial agent.

Preferably, the feeding mass ratio of the second microbial agent to the dry straw is 1: 1000-2000.

In the method for preparing the decomposed straw powder, a volcanic biological agent is preferably adopted, and the mass ratio of the second microbial agent to the volcanic biological agent to the dry straw is 1: 50-80: 1000-2000.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis KX-1 to the actinomycetes to the bacillus subtilis KX-2 to the bacillus subtilis KX-4 in the second microbial agent is 1: 0.6-0.7: 0.7-0.8.

Preferably, the second microbial agent comprises an enzyme preparation, so that the acid protease is more than or equal to 2000u/g, the neutral protease is more than or equal to 10000u/g, and the cellulase is more than or equal to 10000 u/g. Wherein, the enzyme preparation is acid protease, neutral protease and cellulase, and when certain enzyme in the microbial agent is insufficient, the corresponding enzyme preparation is added.

In the present invention, the conventional method can be used for strain activation.

Preferably, the nutrients include urea and amino acid granules.

Preferably, when the composting fermentation is thoroughly decomposed, the humidity is controlled to be 50-65%.

Preferably, during stacking, inserting the vent pipe, then covering a film on the stack, when the stacking temperature rises to 50-60 ℃, removing the film covered above the vent pipe, continuing to ferment for 10-15 days, then turning the stack for water supplement, and continuing to ferment for 5-15 days to complete fermentation and decomposition.

All of the bacteria including Bacillus subtilis used in the present invention are known. The first and second microbial agents do not comprise nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria.

The soil conditioner of the invention not only can fully retain water and store water, but also can improve the content of organic matters in soil, adjust the pH value of the soil, promote the release of effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, create good soil physical and nutritional environment for the growth of plants, and is very suitable for desert control. Therefore, the invention also relates to the application of the soil conditioner in desert control.

The soil conditioner can be packaged, sold and used after being mixed by the raw materials, or can be packaged and sold separately and then mixed when being applied. In any case, the invention falls into the protection scope.

Furthermore, the application method can adopt a conventional method, namely adding the soil conditioner into the sand, and uniformly stirring, wherein the dosage is about 1 per mill.

The gamma-PGA hydrogel is prepared by foaming and swelling gamma-PGA hydrogel.

Due to the implementation of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the soil conditioner disclosed by the invention combines biological floccules, gamma-PGA water gel and volcanic ash, wherein the biological floccules take decomposed straw powder as a main body, are formed by adding specific microbial agents, nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria, contain very rich organic matters and beneficial bacteria, can adjust the pH value of soil, adjust the weakly alkaline desert soil into normal neutral soil, promote the release of effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and simultaneously have an isolation effect by using a biological skeleton of the biological floccules, so that the porosity of the soil is improved, and the water retention effect is improved to a certain extent; in the formula, the volcanic ash is combined with the gamma-polyglutamic acid (water gel), so that the water-retaining and water-retaining effects are good, the formation of a soil aggregate structure can be promoted, the microbial environment of the roots of plants can be effectively improved, the growth of the plants can be promoted, and the quality of crops and forest fruits can be improved. Experiments prove that the soil conditioner is feasible to be applied to arid regions such as deserts and the like, and has a great market prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a picture of straw before and after fermentation;

FIG. 2 is a picture of a fermented straw pile with air vents;

FIG. 3 is a picture of a straw fermentation pile with good maturity;

FIG. 4 is a picture of secondary pile-turning water replenishing;

fig. 5 is a picture of decomposed straw powder.

Detailed Description

The invention mainly relates to a novel biological floc and application of the combination of the biological floc, volcanic ash and further optimized gamma-polyglutamic acid water gel in preparing a soil conditioner for desert control, so that the problems of environment and resources are solved while the natural mineral products and crop resources are reasonably utilized to promote economic development.

The biological floc is prepared by taking crop straws as a starting material, adding specific microbial strains, selectively matching Changbai mountain volcanic rock fine particles, preparing a new natural biological new material through biological engineering (deep fermentation), subsequently processing the well-cooked straws into fine powder with more than 80 meshes, preferably 80-100 meshes to form a high-quality biological skeleton, appropriately supplementing bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus natto and other bacteria added during fermentation, and then spraying nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria in sequence, wherein the water content is controlled to be between 10 and 30 percent, so that the biological floc is obtained. The straw contains a certain amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements, and the effectiveness of some nutrients in the soil can be increased by organic acid and other intermediate products generated in the decomposition process. The organic matter content of the decomposed straw is high, so that the soil fertility can be increased, and the soil is fertile. The fermented straw powder can effectively improve the content of organic matters in the soil, adjust the pH value of the soil, promote the release of effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and create good soil physical and nutritional environments for the growth of plants. The biological wadding can not only fully utilize the straws which are used as wastes in the past, change waste into valuable, but also reduce the pollution to the air caused by burning the straws. In the fermentation process, under the deep action of beneficial low-temperature bacteria, the straws are thoroughly cured, so that the product has extremely high nutrient contents, and a large amount of beneficial bacteria are stored.

Volcanic ash is a loose or lightly consolidated mass formed by the deposition of large quantities of lava fines and dust along with lava during volcanic eruption, on the surface or in the water. When the volcanic is erupted, after the high-pressure lava is sprayed to the ground, the gas pressure is sharply reduced and escapes, so that the volcanic ash material has good air hole development, small specific gravity and light and tough body. In China, volcanic ash resources are rich, resource reserves are huge, the volcanic ash resources are widely distributed and mainly distributed in various provinces and regions in the northeast and the northwest of China, the current resource utilization mode mainly adopts a rough type as a main mode and is used as a landfill material and a building material, and the development and utilization level is low.

The gamma-polyglutamic acid (gamma-PGA) is composed of a single amino acid, namely Glutamic acid (Glutamic acid), belongs to a microbial fermentation product, is non-toxic to human and livestock, has large molecular weight and viscosity, is decomposed into amino acids, is harmless to plants and the environment, and is easy to degrade in the environment. The gamma-polyglutamic acid (gamma-PGA) water gel is a high-tech product developed by combining microbial engineering and environmental biochemistry. The gamma-polyglutamic acid hydrogel takes gamma-polyglutamic acid as a framework, and forms a three-dimensional network structure by using a special bridging technology, can absorb water to a high degree and expand, and is a natural super-absorbent product. The gamma-polyglutamic acid hydrogel swells after absorbing water, water cannot be removed after pressurization, the gamma-polyglutamic acid hydrogel can be naturally decomposed in nature, and the problem of pollution to the soil environment caused by residue is solved, so that the gamma-polyglutamic acid hydrogel is a green water-retaining material. The super-high water absorption capacity and complete biological decomposability are the main characteristics of the gamma-polyglutamic acid hydrogel. Meanwhile, the soil quality can be improved, and the nutrient absorption of crops is promoted, so that the method has high popularization value.

The invention utilizes the structural characteristics of the volcanic ash, such as porosity, large surface area and chelation to heavy metals, and combines the characteristics with gamma-polyglutamic acid (water gel) with ultrahigh water absorption capacity and complete biological decomposability to promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, effectively improve the microbial environment of plant roots, promote the growth of plants and improve the quality of crops and forest fruits. The fertilizer is used for resisting drought, preserving water, preserving fertilizer and improving efficiency, and can improve the utilization rate of water and nutrients; soil moisture and seedlings are preserved, the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops are enhanced, and the survival rate of the seedlings is improved; the method has wide application value in the fields of building economic forests, protective forests, ecological forests, seedling breeding, flower gardening, high-efficiency agriculture and the like, and is an ideal product for ecological management in desertification and arid regions.

Because the desert and the water-deficient area have less water, the plant seeds are difficult to germinate and the greening is difficult. The volcanic ash is combined with PGA (water gel) and biological floc to be applied to desert arid areas, so that the water can be fully retained and stored, the content of organic matters in soil can be increased, the pH value of the soil can be adjusted, the release of effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can be promoted, and a good soil physical and nutritional environment can be created for the growth of plants.

The preparation method of the biological floc takes low-temperature bacteria as induction bacteria when preparing the decomposed straw powder, contains a plurality of composite functional beneficial microorganisms taking bacillus subtilis (containing natto) and actinomycetes as main bodies, can reproduce at low temperature, and drives other microbial agents to reproduce at high speed. The straw fermentation device can be used for high-temperature fermentation and low-temperature fermentation, is not limited by regions and seasons, can be used in four seasons, allows farmers to treat the straws nearby, realizes complete decomposition of the straws on the spot, does not need to carry the straws, and saves manpower, material resources and financial resources; the invention further combines volcanic rock produced in Jilin, utilizes the structural characteristics of porosity and large surface area of the volcanic rock, exerts the effects of water retention, capability of being used as a carrier of a microbial inoculum and enhanced heat dissipation function, and solves the problem of utilization of natural mineral resources.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1: preparation of decomposed straw

First, main raw materials

1. A first microbial agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

the prepared complex microbial inoculum requires: the acidic protease is more than or equal to 2000u/g, the neutral protease is more than or equal to 10000u/g, the cellulase is more than or equal to 10000u/g, and the deficient part is added with corresponding enzyme preparation.

The bacillus subtilis KX-1 can survive and propagate at the temperature of 2-8 ℃.

2. Volcanic biological preparation

The volcanic biological agent is a product formed by implanting various beneficial microbial floras (including various beneficial microbes such as actinomycetes, bacillus and the like, mainly low-temperature bacteria) which are verified to be harmless to people, livestock and other organisms by taking the volcanic biological agent as a carrier and containing a large amount of dozens of mineral substances and trace elements such as silicon, potassium, sodium, iron, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, calcium, titanium, manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt and the like and chelating property to heavy metals by utilizing the structural characteristics of porosity and large surface area of the volcanic. The volcanic biological agent has the functions of microorganism enrichment and slow release and the effects of heat dissipation and ventilation in the composting process, can retain water and water, can promote the formation of a soil granular structure, effectively improve the microbial environment of the root of a plant, provide trace elements for the growth of crops and promote the growth of the plant.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

a. preparation of the substrate

Grinding natural volcanic rock into particles smaller than 1mm, and removing powder for later use;

b. preparation of bacterial liquid

And the complex microbial inoculum is prepared according to the following formula: according to the weight ratio

① activation

Putting the selected compound beneficial functional bacteria into a clean square groove with the functions of water inlet, aeration, heating temperature control and water drainage, diluting according to the ratio of 1: 20-50, adding a certain amount of nitrogen source and carbon source, and activating the bacteria;

② soaking

Most of bacillus is in a vegetative state under the microscope, the number of viable bacteria detected by a plate colony counting method is more than 50 hundred million/mL, and the treated carrier can be placed in a square groove for soaking;

③ draining and draining

Soaking for 24-72 h, draining the bacterial liquid from the bottom row, and fishing out the carrier and draining;

3. amino acid granules

Is prepared by pure biological fermentation and concentration, and contains abundant nitrogen sources and other nutrient components.

Second, the preparation process

(I), related devices and materials

1. The large-scale fodder smashes the cutting machine: and cutting the dried straws into 1-2 cm long.

2. Large-scale mixer: a large mortar mixer capable of being discharged from the front part and the back part.

3. Large-scale atomizer: is used for spraying the mixed solution of the microbial inoculum and the nutrient solution when stirring materials.

4. An agricultural plastic film: a plurality of.

5. A strain activation device.

6. Mixing related tools or equipment.

7. Air permeability pipe: a plastic pipe with the diameter of about 10cm and holes at the periphery.

8. Other materials: brown sugar, rice bran and urea

(II) usage, dosage and fermentation period

1. Dosage of

Every 1kg of the first microbial agent and 60kg of the volcanic biological agent are fermented and decomposed to about 1-2 tons of dry straws, and the environmental temperature during fermentation and decomposition is 5-10 ℃.

2. Application method (taking 1Kg strain activation, 1T straw fermentation as an example)

1) Strain activation

Mixing with water according to the ratio of 1: diluting by 20-30, and adding 4Kg of fresh rice bran and 0.5Kg of brown sugar for activation for 12 hours.

2) Preparation of nutrient source and auxiliary material

Urea 22Kg and amino acid granules 10Kg are dissolved fully in water and then diluted to about 1.2-1.5T.

3) Mixing

Adding the activated bacterial liquid in the step 1) into the step 2) and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed liquid.

4) Mixing materials: the humidity is controlled to be about 50-65%

Feeding the crushed straws into a front end (a feed inlet) of a stirrer, adding volcanic biological agents, spraying the mixed liquid in the step 3) from two ends to the feed inlet and a discharge outlet simultaneously by using sprayers, uniformly stirring, outputting from the rear end of the stirrer, and composting.

5) Piling of materials

Stacking into cone shape (bottom diameter is about 3 m) or long strip ladder shape (bottom width is 2m, height is 1.5m, upper width is 1.0m), placing ventilating pipe, covering film, and fermenting. And after 3 days, removing the film covered on the ventilation pipe when the temperature can reach 50-60 ℃.

6) Secondary turning pile

And after the pile is limited for 15 days, performing secondary pile turning and water replenishing.

3. Fermentation period

The whole decomposition process is finished in about 30 days, and the straws are changed into brown or black brown; the stockpile has faint scent soil taste and ammonia taste of biological fermentation; the pile is full of a large amount of white hyphae, and the texture is dispersed.

See table 1 for the composition analysis of the decomposed straw after the end of fermentation.

TABLE 1

Comparative example 1

Essentially the same as example 1, except that:

1. microbial agent according to the weight ratio

2. The microbial inoculum implanted in the volcanic biological preparation is as follows:

the composition of the decomposed straw after fermentation of the dry straw according to example 1 is shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

The straw maturity of example 1 is compared to comparative example 1 (weight loss method), and the results are shown in table 3.

TABLE 3

The above test was conducted in the northeast vintage in the beginning of the first six months of May. Because the rice in the northeast region is planted for only one season and can be harvested in October every year, the test time is similar to the mature harvesting season of Jilin rice in weather temperature and humidity, and the test result is more persuasive.

Example 2: preparation of biological flocs

The preparation of the biological floc comprises the following steps:

(1) the decomposed straw prepared by the method of the embodiment 1 is crushed into about 80 meshes by a crusher to obtain decomposed straw powder;

(2) adding 200 g of first microbial agent into each kilogram of decomposed straw powder, and then spraying nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria in sequence, wherein the adding amount of the nitrobacteria and the denitrifying bacteria is 100ml per kilogram of decomposed straw powder, so as to obtain the biological flocs.

The image of the resulting biological flocs is shown in FIG. 5.

The organic indexes of the biological flocs obtained in this example and those of the biological flocs of foreign companies were measured, and the results are shown in table 4, and the trace elements of the biological flocs of this example were also measured, and the results are shown in table 5.

TABLE 4

TABLE 5

Example 3: soil conditioner

In the following examples, pozzolans: produced from Jilin Changchun; biological floc: preparation of the inventive example 2 method and conditions (60 mesh); gamma-polyglutamic acid: produced by Kunshanhuake, pure biological fermentation; gamma-polyglutamic acid hydrogel: produced by Kunshan Huake biology, and is swollen for 60 hours by river water with the swelling magnification of 20 times.

Example 3-1 this example provides a soil conditioner comprising pozzolan, biological floc and γ -PGA water gel as raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of pozzolan to biological floc is 1:1, the ratio of the feeding volume of the gamma-PGA water gel to the mass of the volcanic ash is 5L/kg, when in use, the volcanic ash, the biological floc and the soil are uniformly mixed, then the gamma-PGA water gel is added and uniformly stirred.

Example 3-2 this example provides a soil conditioner comprising pozzolan, biological floc and γ -PGA water gel as raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of pozzolan to biological floc is 1: and 2, the ratio of the feeding volume of the gamma-PGA water gel to the mass of the volcanic ash is 5L/kg, when the volcanic ash and biological floc are used, the volcanic ash and the biological floc are uniformly mixed with soil, then the gamma-PGA water gel is added, and the mixture is uniformly stirred.

Examples 3-3 this example provides a soil conditioner comprising pozzolans, biological flocs and γ -PGA water gel as raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of pozzolans to biological flocs is 5:1, the ratio of the feeding volume of the gamma-PGA water gel to the volcanic ash is 5L/kg, when in use, the volcanic ash, the biological floc and the soil are uniformly mixed, then the gamma-PGA water gel is added and uniformly stirred.

Example 4: research on water retention effect of soil conditioner

1. Soil for experiments: the soil for planting the ginseng in northeast is called as the original soil.

2. An appliance: a simulated culture chamber (constant temperature 50 ℃), a humiture instrument, a soil moisture tester, a PVC cylindrical barrel (the inner diameter is 15 cm; the height is 42cm, three sampling holes with the diameter of 1.5cm are uniformly drilled), an electronic scale, a beaker, a graduated cylinder, a glass rod and the like.

3. Preparing materials:

1) Gamma-PGA fermentation liquor

Dissolving the gamma-PGA colloid with water according to the proportion of 7 percent for later use;

2) Gamma-PGA water gel

The gamma-PGA hydrogel is foamed according to the proportion of 1:100, water is changed every day, and the best imbibition proportion is obtained after about 60 hours for later use.

4. Test procedure

1) Seven PVC cylindrical barrels with the same size are uniformly drilled with three sampling holes from bottom to top, and the sampling holes are 1.5cm in diameter for later use.

2) The materials were prepared according to the following formulation in table 6:

TABLE 6

Type (B)

Original soil

Volcanic ash

Biological floc

Gamma-PGA fermentation liquor

Gamma-PGA water gel

Water (W)

1#

5kg

2.5L

2#

5kg

0.5kg

2.5L

3#

5kg

0.5kg

2.5L

4#

5kg

0.5kg

2.5L

5#

5kg

0.5kg

2.5L

6#

5kg

0.5kg

2.5L

7#

5kg

0.5kg

2.5L

1 #: a blank control group, 5kg of original soil, adding 2.5L of water, uniformly stirring, filling into a PVC cylindrical barrel, and marking;

test groups:

2#, uniformly mixing 5kg of raw soil and 0.5kg of volcanic ash according to a ratio of 10:1, adding 2.5L of water, uniformly stirring, filling into a PVC cylindrical barrel, and marking;

3 #: uniformly mixing 5kg of raw soil, 0.5kg of volcanic ash and 0.5kg of 60-mesh biological flocs in a ratio of 10:1, adding 2.5L of water, uniformly stirring, filling into a PVC cylindrical barrel, and marking;

4 #: uniformly mixing 5kg of raw soil and 0.5kg of volcanic ash according to a ratio of 10:1, adding 2.5L of gamma-PGA fermentation liquor, uniformly stirring, filling into a PVC cylindrical barrel, and marking;

5 #: uniformly mixing 5kg of raw soil, 0.5kg of volcanic ash and 0.5kg of 60-mesh biological flocs according to a ratio of 10:1, adding 2.5L of gamma-PGA fermentation liquor, uniformly stirring, filling into a PVC cylindrical barrel, and marking;

6 #: uniformly mixing 5kg of raw soil and 0.5kg of volcanic ash according to a ratio of 10:1, adding 2.5L of gamma-PGA water adhesive, uniformly stirring, filling into a PVC cylindrical barrel, and marking;

7 #: uniformly mixing 5kg of raw soil, 0.5kg of volcanic ash and 0.5kg of 60-mesh biological flocs according to a ratio of 10:1, adding 2.5L of gamma-PGA water gel, uniformly stirring, filling into a PVC cylindrical barrel, and marking;

3) and (3) placing the seven flowerpots into a culture room simulating a desert environment, wherein the highest temperature in the daytime is 60 ℃, the average temperature is 45 ℃, the lowest temperature at night is 20 ℃, and the air humidity is 10-20%, and observing and recording.

4) Experiment time: the total of 60 days is 2016, 7 and 2 days to 2016, 9 and 2 days, and water is sampled and detected and various indexes in soil are analyzed in different holes at different times during the test period, and the results are shown in tables 7 and 8 respectively.

TABLE 7 moisture analysis results

TABLE 8 soil analysis results

The water loss rate 7# < 5# < 6# < 4# < 3# < 2# < 1#, which shows that the volcanic ash, polyglutamic acid and polyglutamic acid hydrogel have certain water retention, wherein the comparison of the data 3# and 7# shows that the water loss rate is reduced by 11% -13% when r-PGA hydrogel is added (the volume is the same as that of water when the hydrogel is used for replacing water), which indicates that the combination of the volcanic ash, biological floc and polyglutamic acid hydrogel has synergistic water retention and storage effects.

Meanwhile, referring to table 8, the organic carbon, organic matter and total nitrogen in the soil with the biological flocs of the invention added in the 3#, 5# and 7# are remarkably improved compared with the soil with no biological flocs of the invention added in the 1#, 2#, 4# and 6#, which shows that the combination of the volcanic ash, the biological flocs and the polyglutamic acid water gel not only can exert the maximum effect of water retention and storage, but also can increase the fertility of the soil, and under the condition of ensuring the two effects, the soil conditioner of the invention is completely feasible to be applied to arid areas such as deserts and the like, and has a great market prospect.

The present invention is described in detail in order to make those skilled in the art understand the content and practice the invention, and the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the invention should be covered by the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The application of the soil conditioner in desert control is characterized in that: the soil conditioner is a combination of multiple raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise volcanic ash, gamma-polyglutamic acid water gel and biological floccules, the biological floccules comprise decomposed straw powder, a first microbial agent, nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria, the first microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis and selective actinomycetes, and the using amount of the first microbial agent is 8-20 wt% of the decomposed straw powder; the dosage of the nitrobacteria and the denitrifying bacteria is more than or equal to 100ml per kilogram of decomposed straw powder; the mass ratio of the volcanic ash to the biological flocs is 1: 0.5-5, wherein the ratio of the feeding volume of the gamma-polyglutamic acid water gel to the mass of the volcanic ash is 3-8L/kg, and the biological floc is prepared by the following steps: and adding a first microbial agent into the decomposed straw powder, uniformly mixing, and then sequentially adding nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria to obtain the fertilizer.

2. Use of a soil amendment according to claim 1 in desert control, characterized in that: the bacillus subtilis is a combination of bacillus subtilis KX-1 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208057, bacillus subtilis KX-2 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208058 and bacillus subtilis KX-4 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208060, and the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus subtilis is 1: 0.4-0.85, 0.5-0.85.

3. Use of a soil amendment according to claim 2 in desert control, characterized in that: the first microbial agent also comprises other beneficial microorganisms, the other beneficial microorganisms are one or more selected from lactic acid bacteria, bacillus natto, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes and bacillus licheniformis, and the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis KX-1 to the other beneficial microorganisms is 1: 0.1-0.8.

4. Use of a soil amendment according to claim 1 in desert control, characterized in that: the decomposed straw powder is prepared by the following steps: activating a second microbial agent, preparing the second microbial agent into a mixed solution with nutrient substances, further mixing the mixed solution with dry straws and a selective volcanic biological agent, composting and decomposing the straws, and finally crushing the straws to be more than 80 meshes, wherein the volcanic biological agent comprises a volcanic particle carrier and the second microbial agent implanted on the volcanic particle carrier, the second microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis KX-1 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208057, actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis KX-2 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208058, and bacillus subtilis KX-4 with a preservation number of CCTCC NoM208060, the mass ratio of the four is 1: 0.3-0.75: 0.4-0.85: 0.5-0.85, the second microbial agent further selectively comprises other beneficial microorganisms and enzyme preparations, and the other beneficial microorganisms are selected from lactic acid bacteria, One or more of photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes and bacillus licheniformis, wherein the mass ratio of the second microbial agent to the volcanic biological agent to the dry straw is 1: 50-80: 1000-2000.

5. Use of a soil amendment according to claim 4 in desert control, characterized in that: the volcanic biological agent is prepared by the following steps: